Search

Resolving evolutionary relationships among closely related species with interspecific gene flow is challenging. Genome‐scale data provide opportunities to clarify complex evolutionary relationships in closely related species and to observe variations in species relationships across the genomes of such species. The Himalayan–Hengduan subalpine oaks have a nearly completely sympatric distribution in southwest China and probably constitute a syngameon. In this study, we mapped resequencing data from different species in this group to the Quercus aquifolioides reference genome to obtain a high‐quality filtered single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset. We also assembled their plastomes. We reconstructed their phylogenetic relationships, explored the level and pattern of introgression among these species and investigated gene tree variation in the genomes of these species using sliding windows. The same or closely related plastomes were found to be shared extensively among different species within a specific geographical area. Phylogenomic analyses of genome‐wide SNP data found that most oaks in the Himalayan–Hengduan subalpine clade showed genetic coherence, but several species were found to be connected by introgression. The gene trees obtained using sliding windows showed that the phylogenetic relationships in the genomes of oaks are highly heterogeneous and therefore highly obscured. Our study found that all the oaks of the Himalayan–Hengduan subalpine clade from southwest China form a syngameon. The obscured phylogenetic relationships observed empirically across the genome are best explained by interspecific gene flow in conjunction with incomplete lineage sorting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) blood concentrations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Method: Patients with SLE who had been taking HCQ for more than 12 months were recruited. All subjects gave written informed consent. Various clinical characteristics and laboratory values were examined. The blood concentration of HCQ was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the relationship of eGFR to HCQ blood concentration was mainly investigated. Result: In total, 115 patients with SLE receiving long-term HCQ therapy were included in the study. The median concentration of HCQ was 1096 ng/ml (range 116–8240 ng/ml). The eGFR was strongly associated with blood concentration of HCQ (P = 0.011, P < 0.05), when adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight-adjusted dose, prednisone use and immunosuppressive drug use. No statistically significant association were found between age, duration, BMI, weight-adjusted HCQ dose, corticosteroid use, immunosuppressant use and blood concentrations of HCQ. Conclusion: We provided novel evidence that impaired renal function influenced the blood concentration of HCQ. Patients with low eGFR need to adjust the HCQ dosage according to the monitoring results of HCQ blood concentrations. Key points • A higher HCQ blood concentration was associated with low eGFR. • This finding reinforces the importance of routine HCQ measurement to maintain normal blood concentrations. • HCQ blood monitoring will be useful for dose modification in patients with renal dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) defines a group of hematological malignancies with heterogeneous aggressiveness and highly variable outcome, making therapeutic decisions a challenging task. We tried to discover new predictive model for T-ALL before treatment by using a specific pipeline designed to discover aberrantly active gene. Results: The expression of 18 genes was significantly associated with shorter survival, including ACTRT2, GOT1L1, SPATA45, TOPAZ1 and ZPBP (5-GEC), which were used as a basis to design a prognostic classifier for T-ALL patients. The molecular characterization of the 5-GEC positive T-ALL unveiled specific characteristics inherent to the most aggressive T leukemic cells, including a drastic shut-down of genes located on the mitochondrial genome and an upregulation of histone genes, the latter characterizing high risk forms in adult patients. These cases fail to respond to the induction treatment, since 5-GEC either predicted positive minimal residual disease (MRD) or a short-term relapse in MRD negative patients. Conclusion: Overall, our investigations led to the discovery of a homogenous group of leukemic cells with profound alterations of their biology. It also resulted in an accurate predictive tool that could significantly improve the management of T-ALL patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An indicator displacement assay, namely polymeric PNPY-n/UD consisting of a cationic polynorbornene backbone with pyridinium functional groups (PNPY-1,2,3) and an anionic uranine dye (UD) as an indicator, has been developed for highly sensitive "turn-on" fluorescence sensing of ATP. While PNPY-1/UD itself is non-emissive, a bright green fluorescence signal was observed in the presence of ATP [Ka = 2.17 × 105 M−1, LOD = 5.7 nM]. The potential of a highly photostable system PNPY-1/UD was also validated in detecting ATP levels in live-cell imaging applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report an abnormal phenomenon that the source-drain current (I D) of AlGaN/GaN heterostructure devices decreases under visible light irradiation. When the incident light wavelength is 390 nm, the photon energy is less than the band gaps of GaN and AlGaN whereas it can causes an increase of I D. Based on the UV light irradiation, a decrease of I D can still be observed when turning on the visible light. We speculate that this abnormal phenomenon is related to the surface barrier height, the unionized donor-like surface states below the surface Fermi level and the ionized donor-like surface states above the surface Fermi level. For visible light, its photon energy is less than the surface barrier height of the AlGaN layer. The electrons bound in the donor-like surface states below the Fermi level are excited and trapped by the ionized donor-like surface states between the Fermi level and the conduction band of AlGaN. The electrons trapped in ionized donor-like surface states show a long relaxation time, and the newly ionized donor-like surface states below the surface Fermi level are filled with electrons from the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) channel at AlGaN/GaN interface, which causes the decrease of I D. For the UV light, when its photon energy is larger than the surface barrier height of the AlGaN layer, electrons in the donor-like surface states below the Fermi level are excited to the conduction band and then drift into the 2DEG channel quickly, which cause the increase of I D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oily wastewater discharged from households and industries, especially stable oil-in-water emulsions, causes serious pollution to the human habitat. Thus, it is urgent to find an environmentally friendly, efficient, and low-cost method for separating stable oil-in-water emulsions. In this paper, a superhydrophilic wood-based composite membrane (wood/MIL-100(Fe) membrane) for separating oil-water emulsion was reported. The wood/MIL-100(Fe) membrane was made by in-situ growing MIL-100(Fe) on wood, which enhances the hydrophilic properties and roughness. The vertical micro-nano structure and superhydrophilicity of wood/MIL-100(Fe) membrane determines separation flux and efficiency. Consequently, the wood/MIL-100(Fe) membrane displays high separation flux (more than 1061 L·m−2·h−1) and efficiency (more than 99.9 %). In addition, the wood/MIL-100(Fe) membrane has good mechanical stability, chemical stability, and anti-fouling properties. The wood/MIL-100(Fe) membrane is expected to replace other filter membranes in water treatment and environmental restoration. [Display omitted] • The wood/MIL-100(Fe) membrane was successfully constructed by in-situ growth. • The membrane has advantages such as green material, low cost, and facile processes. • The membrane exhibits high flux and efficiency for separating oil/water emulsions. • The membrane shown excellent stability and anti-fouling ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the fact that water is a widely available, non-toxic, and safe solvent, its application in organic synthesis remains an ongoing challenge due to the insolubility of numerous catalysts, reactants and products in water. In this study, a triphenylamine modified cyanophenylenevinylene derivative (TPCI) is reported, which exhibits excellent water solubility and remarkable selectivity and efficiency for producing singlet oxygen (1O2) in water, rendering it perfectly suited for use as an efficient photosensitizer for photocatalytic reactions of hydroazaobenzenes, olefins, and hydrosilanes to obtain functional organic molecules of azoaromatics, carbonyls, and silanols with good functional-group tolerance as well as a broad substrate scope under blue light irradiation. The present study introduces a new type II photosensitizer that enables the synthesis of functional organic molecules through photocatalytic oxidation using visible light in water with high efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The amorphous cathode materials Li 2 O–V 2 O 5 –MoO 3 and Li 2 O–V 2 O 5 –MoO 3 –Fe 2 O 3 were produced via melt quenching. By analyzing the structure, elemental valence, and electrochemical characteristics of Li 2 O–V 2 O 5 –MoO 3 at different ratios, the effects of MoO 3 addition on vanadium-based amorphous cathode materials were explored. 20Li 2 O–60V 2 O 5 –20MoO 3 has a high initial capacity (268.0 mAh/g for the first reversible discharge at a current density of 50 mA/g), which is based on the properties that MoO 3 supplies additional oxidation reductions and has [MoO6] structural units to widen the diffusion channels for lithium ions in the network structure. Unfortunately, the network of the structural elements [MoO6] and [VO4] is unstable, which causes the material to have poor cycle stability and exhibit an unsatisfactory current response. The network structure stability of Li 2 O–V 2 O 5 –MoO 3 –Fe 2 O 3 is increased by adding Fe 2 O 3 to provide [FeO4], which strengthens the link between each structural unit. Vanadium oxidation reductions are promoted, and iron oxidation reductions replace the role of molybdenum in the charge/discharge. The discharge product transforms from LiVMoO 5 to Li 2 FeV 3 O 8 with increased de-embedding Li efficiency. The 20Li 2 O–60V 2 O 5 –10MoO 3 –10Fe 2 O 3 achieves an initial reversible specific capacity of 255.2 mAh/g at 50 mA/g, 139.7 mAh/g additional specific capacity after 100 cycles, and 110.5 mAh/g specific capacity at a high current density of 400 mA/g. The test findings show that 20Li 2 O–60V 2 O 5 –10MoO 3 –10Fe 2 O 3 efficiently increases high-current responsiveness and cycle stability while retaining a high capacity. In this study, we propose a compositional design strategy, which is based on the coordinated multi-electronic effect of multiple transition metal elements and the design of a stable disordered network structure, to incorporate MoO 3 and Fe 2 O 3 into vanadium-based amorphous to create a novel cathode material. This work offers a fresh perspective on investigating innovative lithium-ion battery cathode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) is the main method to get fresh water from seawater or wastewater. The balance between evaporation rate and salt resistance is still a major challenge for ISSG. Herein, a wood aerogel island solar evaporator (WAISE) with tunable surface structure and wettability by synthesizing poly(n‐isopropylacrylamide)‐modified multi‐walled carbon nanotube photothermal layers. Compared to dense surface structure evaporators, interfacial moisture transport, thermal localization, and surface water vapor diffusion of WAISE are greatly promoted, and the evaporation rate of WAISE increased by 87.64%. WAISE allows for record performance of 200 h continuous operation in 20% NaCl solution without salt accumulation. In addition, the photo‐thermal‐electric device is developed based on WAISE with continuous water purification, power generation, and irrigation functions. This work provides a new direction for the development of multifunctional water purification systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] In the present work, we have designed and synthesized a triphenylamine modified cyanophenylenevinylene derivative (TPCI), which can self-assembly with cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) through host-guest interactions to form supramolecular complexes (TPCI-CB[6]) and supramolecular polymers (TPCI-CB[8]) in the aqueous solution. The supramolecular assemblies of TPCI-CB[6] and TPCI-CB[8] not only exhibited high singlet oxygen (1O 2) production efficiency as photosensitizers, but also realized the application in the construction of artificial light-harvesting systems due to the excellent fluorescence properties in the aqueous solution. The production efficiency of 1O 2 has been effectively improved after the addition of CB[6] and CB[8] for TPCI, which were applied as efficient photosensitizers in the photooxidation reactions of thioanisole and its derivatives with the highest yield of 98% in the aqueous solution. The excellent fluorescence properties of TPCI-CB[6] and TPCI-CB[8] can be used as energy donors in artificial light-harvesting systems with energy acceptors sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) and cyanine dye 5 (Cy5), in which one-step energy transfer processes of TPCI-CB[6]+SR101 and TPCI-CB[8]+Cy5, and a two-step sequential energy transfer process of TPCI-CB[6]+SR101+Cy5 were constructed to simulate the natural photosynthesis system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An artificial light-harvesting system (ALHS) was developed in aqueous solution by employing the electrostatic co-assembly of a tetraphenylethylene derivative modified with two sulfonate groups (TPE-BSBO) and hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the energy donors, and 4,7-bis(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DBT) as the energy acceptors. The ALHS exhibits not only high efficiency in energy transfer and conversion but also a significant enhancement in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially superoxide anion radicals (O2˙−), facilitating its utilization in photocatalytic oxidation reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We previously reported that REBACIN effectively eliminates persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection. Here, we conducted a prospective multicenter cohort study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of REBACIN, taking into account factors such as specific hrHPV subtype and patient's age. According to inclusion/exclusion criteria and participant willingness, 3252 patients were divided into REBACIN group while 249 patients into control group. Patients in REBACIN group received one course treatment of intravaginal administration of REBACIN while no treatment in control group. After drug withdrawal, participants in both groups were followed up. The clearance rate of persistent hrHPV infection in REBACIN group was 60.64%, compared to 20.08% in control group. Specifically, the clearance rates for single-type infection of HPV16 or HPV18 were 70.62% and 69.23%, respectively, which was higher than that of HPV52 (59.04%) or HPV58 (62.64%). In addition, the single, double, and triple/triple+ infections had a clearance rate of 65.70%, 53.31%, and 38.30%, respectively. Moreover, 1635 patients under 40 years old had a clearance rate of 65.14%, while it was 55.08% for 1447 patients over 40 years old. No serious adverse effects were found. This study confirmed that REBACIN can effectively and safely eliminate persistent hrHPV infection, which the clearance rate of HPV16/18 is higher than that of HPV52/58, the clearance rate of single-type infection is higher than that of multiple-type infections, and the clearance rate in young patients is higher than that in elder patients, providing a guidance for REBACIN application in clearing hrHPV persistent infection in real-world settings. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Registration Number: ChiCTR1800015617 http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=26529 Date of Registration: 2018-04-11 • REBACIN is safe and effective for eliminating persistent high-risk HPV infection in a real-world clinical setting. • HPV16/18 is cleared more easily than HPV52/58. • Single-type infections are cleared more easily than multiple-type infections. • Young patients have a higher clearance rate than older patients. • Providing valuable guidance for clinical use of REBACIN while also suggesting potential areas for future basic research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superhydrophobic coatings have a wide range of applications in all areas of our lives, however, poor mechanical robustness limits their practical use. The use of organic solvents to prepare coatings can pose safety and environment pollution problems, also increase the cost of production. Water-based coating solution is used to prepare superhydrophobic coatings, which are safe and easy to scale. Thus, we demonstrate that silica nanoparticles, fluorinated alkyl silanes (FAS), fluorocarbon surfactants (FS-3100), and water can form stable system for preparation of superhydrophobic coatings on soft and hard substrates. After coating treatment, the superhydrophobic coatings exhibit excellent chemical stability (resistant to acid, alkali, salt, and ultraviolet radiation) and good mechanical robustness due to superhydrophobicity and crosslinking effects of FAS and FS-3100. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic coatings can delay water freezing time and poses superior anti-icing performance. This simple water-based coating solution may provide a new way of thinking for the later development of new coating technologies that are economical for all applications. • The water-based coating solution for superhydrophobic coatings is successfully constructed. • The water-based coating solution without organic solvent • The superhydrophobic coatings show excellent chemical stability and mechanical robustness. • The superhydrophobic coatings superior anti-icing and anti-freezing performance [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] In the present work, we designed and synthesized a cationic cyano-substituted p-phenylenevinylene derivative (PPTA), which can form supramolecular assemblies through electrostatic interaction with a type of polyelectrolyte material anionic guar gum (GP5A). A polyelectrolyte-based artificial light-harvesting system (LHS) was constructed by selecting a fluorescent dye sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) that matched its energy level as an energy acceptor. The energy harvested by the acceptors was used in the aqueous phase cross dehydrogenation coupling (CDC) reaction with a yield of up to 87%. In addition, the general applicability of polyelectrolyte materials to build artificial LHS was demonstrated by three other polyelectrolyte materials sodium polyphenylene sulfonate (RSS), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and sodium polyacrylate (PAAS), in which the CDC reaction was also carried out by these three LHSs and obtained high yields. This work not only provides a new method to construct LHSs by using polyelectrolyte materials, but also provides a beneficial exploration for further applying the energy harvested in LHSs to the field of photocatalysis in an aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, increasing automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) are being introduced into the production line. The path planning and scheduling of multiple AGVs are complex tasks that are closely related to application scenarios. In this study, a robot's working area was divided to minimize the collision probability. Improved ant colony optimization (ACO) and improved probabilistic road map (PRM) algorithms were used for path planning to enhance the transportation efficiency. The priorities of AGVs were specified. The collision criteria were determined, and the responses for different collision types were provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To investigate the effects of S100A8 and S100A9 on proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and the regulatory effects of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Methods. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE1) were cultured and randomly divided into three groups: control group, S100A8/S100A9 overexpression group, and siRNA S100A8/S100A9 group. CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of S100A8 and S100A9 on the viability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. The effects of S100A8 and S100A9 on the colony forming ability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were detected by colony forming assay. The effects of S100A8 and S100A9 on the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were detected by EdU staining. The mRNA levels of PI3K and Akt were detected by RT-PCR. The expression levels of PI3K and Akt in NPC cells were detected by Western blot. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt pathway, was used to inhibit the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. Results. Compared with the control group, the cell viability, the number of plate clones, the positive rate of EdU staining, and the mRNA and protein levels of PI3K and Akt were increased in the overexpression group. Compared with the control group, the cell viability, the number of plate clones, the positive rate of EdU staining, and the mRNA and protein levels of PI3K and Akt were decreased in the siRNA group. After inhibiting the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway, the viability of NPC cells in the overexpression group decreased significantly at 48 h and 72 h, while that in the siRNA group increased significantly. Conclusion. SiRNA S100A8 and S100A9 could inhibit the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a promising candidate for the next generation of new anode materials, the modification and optimization of silica-based anode materials are significant. Using chitosan (CS) as the carbonaceous precursor, the N-containing Si@C microcapsules were prepared by emulsification cross-linking combined with high-temperature pyrolysis method. The microcapsule structure offers additional space for nano-Si and effectively enhances the electrochemical properties of the anode. Moreover, optimizing the CS:Si ratio is advantageous in achieving a synergistic effect between silicon and carbon. When CS:Si = 4:1, the first specific capacity was 762.78 mAh/g and the retention rate was 69.27 % after 100 cycles. To further enhance the material properties, urea was added to a ratio of CS:Si = 4:1 as an N supplement for elemental doping modification. The specific capacity of the anode had a positive correlation with N content within a certain range. As the N content increases, the pyridine-N content and density of C vacancies also increase, which improves the storage form and diffusion path of Li+. When 0.75 g urea was added, the first reversible specific capacity reached 1108.88 mAh/g and the retention rate was 92.41 % after 100 cycles. This work offers environmentally friendly and safe methods, as well as a new modification concept for N-doped microsphere-encapsulated silicon-carbon composites. • Microcapsule structure provides additional physical buffer space. • Chitosan as biomass polymers containing N. • Nanosilicon diffusely distributed inside the carbon shell. • The increase of N can optimize the storage form and diffusion path of Li+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Novel molybdenum-based cathode materials Li 2 O -MoO 3 -V 2 O 5 -P 2 O 5. • [MoO6], [PO4] and [VO4] co-form a stabilized amorphous structure. • Suppressing Mo5+/Mo4+ conversion improves cycling stability. Li 2 O-MoO 3 -P 2 O 5 and Li 2 O-MoO 3 -V 2 O 5 -P 2 O 5 amorphous cathode oxides were prepared using a simple melt quenching technique. The discharge-specific capacity of the 2Li 2 O-5MoO 3 -V 2 O 5 -2P 2 O 5 after 100 cycles was 141.43 mAh/g, with a capacity retention rate of 77.27 %, while the discharge-specific capacity of the 2Li 2 O-6MoO 3 -2P 2 O 5 after 100 cycles was 100.52 mAh/g, with a capacity retention rate of 55.78 %, in the voltage range of 1.5–4.2 V and at a current density of 10 mA/g. According to the findings, vanadium pentoxide may help molybdenum-based amorphous cathodes perform better electrochemically. In particular, the Mo5+/Mo4+ transition is inhibited, and the Mo6+/Mo5+ transition is promoted by the presence of the V5+/V4+ transition in the charge/discharge cycle of the Li 2 O-MoO 3 -V 2 O 5 -P 2 O 5 amorphous material, shortening the structural self-regulation process in the electrochemical cycle and significantly increasing cycle stability. The study provided a new idea for investigating novel cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D collectors are combined with carbon buffer layers to effectively improve the electrochemical performance of silicon-based thin film anodes. [Display omitted] • 3D structure had sufficient suffer space. • Carbon layers could reduce interfacial resistance and increase its conductivity. • Top carbon layer prevented the active material from contacting with electrolyte. • Low self-weight collectors facilitate the electrochemical performance of anode. The application scope of silicon-based anode is limited by its poor electrical conductivity and massive volume expansion. Herein, we propose a method to modify electrochemical performance of silicon-based anode with 3D collector and carbon buffer layer by magnetron sputtering. With foam Ni as collector, at a current density of 1 A/g, the first reversible specific capacity reached 1973 mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 100 cycles was1700 mAh/g. With carbon cloth as collector, the first reversible specific capacity was 1543 mAh/g, and the specific capacity after 100 cycles was 1337 mAh/g. The 3D collector was used to buffer the internal stress caused by the bulk effect of silicon. The carbon buffer layer not only improved the material conductivity but also avoided the repeated growth of SEI film, thus providing more buffer space for silicon. This work provides a new promising solution to silicon-based lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paeonia lactiflora Pall has been used in Chinese Medicine for thousands of years, especially having anti-inflammatory, sedative, analgesic and other ethnic pharmacological effects. Moreover, Paeoniflorin is the main active ingredient of the Paeonia lactiflora Pall , and most are used in the treatment of inflammation-related autoimmune diseases. In recent years, studies have found that Paeoniflorin has a therapeutic effect on a variety of kidney diseases. Cisplatin (CIS) is limited in clinical use due to its serious side effects, such as renal toxicity, and there is no effective method for prevention. Paeoniflorin (Pae) is a natural polyphenol which has a protective effect against many kidney diseases. Therefore, our study is to explore the effect of Pae on CIS-induced AKI and the specific mechanism. Firstly, CIS induced acute renal injury model was constructed in vivo and in vitro , and Pae was continuously injected intraperitoneally three days in advance, and then Cr, BUN and renal tissue PAS staining were detected to comprehensively evaluate the protective effect of Pae on CIS-induced AKI. We then combined Network Pharmacology with RNA-seq to investigate potential targets and signaling pathways. Finally, affinity between Pae and core targets was detected by molecular docking, CESTA and SPR, and related indicators were detected in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we first found that Pae significantly alleviated CIS-AKI in vivo and in vitro. Through network pharmacological analysis, molecular docking, CESTA and SPR experiments, we found that the target of Pae was Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class A Member 1 (Hsp90AA1) which performs a crucial function in the stability of many client proteins including Akt. RNA-seq found that the KEGG enriched pathway was PI3K-Akt pathway with the most associated with the protective effect of Pae which is consistent with Network Pharmacology. GO analysis showed that the main biological processes of Pae against CIS-AKI include cellular regulation of inflammation and apoptosis. Immunoprecipitation further showed that pretreatment with Pae promoted the Hsp90AA1-Akt protein-protein Interactions (PPIs). Thereby, Pae accelerates the Hsp90AA1-Akt complex formation and leads to a significant activate in Akt, which in turn reduces apoptosis and inflammation. In addition, when Hsp90AA1 was knocked down, the protective effect of Pae did not continue. In summary, our study suggests that Pae attenuates cell apoptosis and inflammation in CIS-AKI by promoting Hsp90AA1-Akt PPIs. These data provide a scientific basis for the clinical search for drugs to prevent CIS–AKI. [Display omitted] • There is no effective clinical treatment for cisplatin nephrotoxicity. • Pae has a protective effect on cisplatin-induced AKI. • Pae promotes HSP90AA1-Akt Protein-Protein Interaction, reducing Cis-AKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The massive discharge of oily wastewater and oil spills are causing serious pollution to water resources. It is urgent to require clean and efficient method of purifying oily emulsions. Although the separation membranes with selective wettability have been widely used in the efficient purification of oil/water emulsions. It is still very challenging to develop functional films that are environmentally friendly, fouling resistant, inexpensive, easy to prepare, easy to scale, and highly efficient. Cellulose nanocrystalline-based composite membranes (CCM) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SATRP) and vacuum self-assembly. The prepared CCM is superhydrophilic and superoleophobic underwater due to the hydrophilic nature of the modified cellulose-nanocrystalline and the micro-nano surface structure. The CCM shows high separation efficiency (> 99.9 %), high flux (16,692 L−1·m−2·h−1·bar−1) for surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions, good cycle stability and anti-fouling performance. This biomass-derived membrane is green, cheap, easy to manufacture, scalable, super-wettability, and durability, it promises to be an alternative to separation membranes in today's market. [Display omitted] • Hydrophilic block polymers are used in biomimetic cell membrane structures. • The high flux cellular membrane structure separation membranes was prepared. • The prepared biomass membrane has high throughput and anti-pollution ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphite anode suffers from severe performance fading at low temperature (LT) conditions mainly due to the suppressed diffusive Li+ storage mechanism in graphite anode at LT. Accordingly, the exploration of new type anodes with effective Li+ storage mechanism at LT is important. In this work, it is demonstrated that the utilization of the pseudo-capacitive storage mechanism could improve the Li+ storage kinetic at LT. In detail, a hybrid anode structure is designed via in-situ growth of MnO 2 nanosheets on the surface of the hollow carbon spheres (HCS@MO). Benefiting from the structural advantage, the as-prepared HCS@MO-09 electrode displays high reversible capacity of 455 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1 at room temperature (RT) after 200 cycles. At − 20 ℃, the HCS@MO-09 electrode still exhibits high initial capacity of 432 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 and outstanding cycling stability. The cyclic voltammetry tests reveal that the superior LT performance of HCS@MO-09 electrode stems from the pseudo-capacitive storage mechanism. This work provides new perspective for improving LT performance through developing anodes with pseudo-capacitive storage mechanism. • The utilization of the pseudo-capacitive storage mechanism could improve the Li+ storage kinetic at low temperature. • A hybrid anode structure is designed via in-situ growth of MnO 2 nanosheets on the surface of the hollow carbon spheres. • The superior LT performance of HCS@MO-09 electrode stems from the pseudo-capacitive storage mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, an efficient artificial light-harvesting system with a two-step sequential energy transfer process was first constructed based on the polyelectrolyte material sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and AIE molecule cyano-substituted amphiphilic hydroquinone derivative (PPTA) in an aqueous solution. The energy harvested by the two fluorescent dyes EY and SR101 from the supramolecular assembly PPTA-CMC was fully used for photochemical catalysis for the dehalogenation of α-bromoacetophenone, cross dehydrogenation coupling reaction (CDC), and alkylation of C–H bonds of phenyl vinyl sulfone (PVS) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) in the aqueous medium. [Display omitted] • A novel strategy of polyelectrolyte material was used to construct an efficient two-step sequential artificial LHS. • Polyelectrolyte-based LHSs were applied for photocatalytic reactions in an aqueous solution. • Polyelectrolyte-based LHSs display a high yield of photocatalytic reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one vital member of the biologically important nucleotides, guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP) monitoring in biological systems has become a key research field because its abnormal concentration promotes certain pathological states. Herein, we report two "cleft-form" amphiphilic pyridinium receptors based on isophthalamide (PyPh-C16) and 2,6-dicarboxamidopyridine (PyPy-C16) spacers for structure modulated sensitive and selective response to GTP via the indicator displacement assay (IDA) method. Both receptors bind with a fluorescent indicator uranine dye (UD) to form self-assembled non-fluorescent nano-aggregate ensembles, i.e., PyPh-C16/UD and PyPy-C16/UD , which can be used for the nM detection of GTP in aqueous solution and also imaging GTP in complicated living cells environment. The non-fluorescent UD becomes fluorescent with releasing from the nano-ensembles displaced by GTP. With the aid of this phenomenon, the nano-ensembles could successfully discriminate GTP from other structurally related anions, including ATP, PPi, and most nucleotide polyphosphates (NPPs). In addition, the structure-related sensing properties of receptors toward GTP were detailly discussed. Thus, we believe that the present work will allow for many important developments in the future based on IDAs with advanced nano-ensembles and different indicators to recognize various types of essential nucleoside polyphosphates. [Display omitted] • Two "cleft-form" nanostructured ensembles are reported. • They show fluorescence OFF-ON response to GTP via the IDA method. • They were able to detect GTP in aqueous solutions and living cells. • The spacer structure can modulate the sensitivity and selectivity of ensembles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Acute kidney injury (AKI) is marked by a fast deterioration of the kidney function that may be caused by a variety of factors and there is still no effective treatment for AKI. • A novel small molecule Hsp90 inhibitor, C-316-1, prevented necroptosis and inflammation in cisplatin- and ischemia/reperfusion-induced in vitro and in vivo via binding with R46, E47 and S50 in Cdc37 binding site of Hsp90. • C-316-1 is a novel Hsp90 inhibitor with high efficiency in treatment of AKI and Hsp90 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for AKI. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is marked by a fast deterioration of the kidney function that may be caused by a variety of factors. Recently, although our group found that PPBICA alleviated programmed cell death in AKI, poor water solubility limited its bioavailability. In this research, we screened a series of derivatives and found that C-316-1 had the best suppressive effect on preventing necroptosis and inflammation in cisplatin- and ischemia/reperfusion-induced AKI in vitro and in vivo with lower toxicity and better water solubility. Mass spectrometry results showed that C-316-1 bound to heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), which was further confirmed by molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance. Additionally, the Hsp90 expression was upregulated in the blood and tissues of AKI patients. We discovered that C-316-1 decreased the RIPK1 protein level without affecting its mRNA expression. The proteasome inhibitor, MG132 restored the level of RIPK1 reduced by C-316-1, suggesting that C-316-1 limits necroptosis by promoting the degradation of RIPK1 rather than by reducing its production. Immunoprecipitation further showed that pretreatment with C-316-1 disrupted the Hsp90-Cdc37 protein–protein Interactions (PPIs). Thereby, C-316-1 inhibited the Hsp90-Cdc37 complex formation and led to a significant decrease in RIPK1, which in turn reduced necroptosis. Moreover, C-316-1 treatment did not protect against kidney injury in vivo and in vitro when Hsp90 was knocked down and R46, E47, and S50 in Cdc37 binding site of Hsp90 might form an important active pocket with C-316-1. These findings suggest that C-316-1 is a potential therapeutic agent against RIPK1-Mediated Necroptosis in AKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To study the endoscopic trans-lateral molar (ETLM) approach to infratemporal fossa (ITF) lesions and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this method. Methods: Four cases of ITF lesions were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features, diagnosis and treatments, the operative process, and clinical applications of this surgical approach were discussed. Results: Postoperative pathologies were 2 pleomorphic adenomas, 1 schwannoma, and 1 inflammatory lesion. All patients had self-resolving cheek swelling and pharyngalgia in the short term, but 2 patients had numbness in the long term. There was no infection or bleeding in the postoperative period, and no difficulty in chewing after disease recovery. There was no tumor recurrence during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The ETLM approach is convenient, minimally invasive, and allows complete excision of benign ITF lesions, posterior to the lateral pterygoid muscle and mainly below the level of the hard palate. It is a simple and direct access to the ITF, but it is a narrow access because of the limitations of bones and soft tissues. Appropriate patient selection is mandatory for successful surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Glass with a high vanadium content improved the migration efficiency of Li+. • Adding Fe 2 O 3 stabilized the structure and increased the contents of V3+ and V4+. • The cathode has the outstanding specific capacity and high-current response. Among new lithium-ion battery cathode materials, amorphous materials show unique advantages and vanadium-based materials are potential electrode materials. In our study, the vanadium-based Li 2 O-V 2 O 5 -B 2 O 3 glassy state electrode materials with high vanadium contents were prepared in air by the melt-quenching method. The structures and electrochemical performances of glass materials were investigated by various characterization methods. The Li 2 O-V 2 O 5 -B 2 O glass were mainly connected with VO 4 and BO 3 structural units to form a disordered network structure. The first discharge capacity of 20Li 2 O-60 V 2 O 5 -20B 2 O 3 glass cathode material reached 168.6 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g. The conversion of V3+/V4+ and V4+/V5+ mainly occurred in the charge and discharge cycles. When 10% of B 2 O 3 was replaced by Fe 2 O 3 , the compactness and stability of the material were improved. Furthermore, with the addition of Fe 2 O 3 , the concentrations of low-valence V4+, V3+ and Fe2+ ions increased, thus contributing to the electrochemical performance. The specific capacity of 20Li 2 O-60V 2 O 5 -10B 2 O 3 -10Fe 2 O 3 cathode material increased significantly and the first discharge capacity was as high as 306.2 mA h/g at a current density of 100 mA/g. However, the specific capacity respectively decreased to 239 mA h/g in the second cycle and 120.3 mA h/g after 100 cycles. The study on vanadium-based glass cathode materials provided a new idea for the investigation of novel cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]