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Diabetic foot is one of the most severe complications of diabetes. It is caused by high blood sugar, resulting in combined neuropathy and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease, leading to local microcirculation disorders. This condition can trigger infections, ulcers, and deep tissue damage in the lower limbs. In severe cases, gangrene may occur, leading to amputation. Therefore, timely microcirculation monitoring of the feet in diabetic patients can help detect early blood supply issues. Prompt and effective intervention and treatment for diabetic patients with microcirculation disorders in the feet can prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic foot. Physical factor therapy utilizes various forms of physical energy to induce reactions in the body, such as dilating blood vessels, increasing blood flow, and promoting tissue blood supply. Simultaneously, it stimulates nerves and muscles, aiding in improving nerve conduction and promoting nerve regeneration. This helps prevent and improve microcirculation disorders in diabetic feet. This article outlines the microcirculation disorders in diabetic feet, along with monitoring and treatment methods. It focuses on the principles and efficacy of common physical factor methods for microcirculation intervention, as well as research advancements in their clinical application for diabetic foot. This information serves as a reference for the treatment and adjunctive research of diabetic foot.

In this paper, we propose a deep learning approach for forward modeling and inverse design of photonic devices containing embedded active metasurface structures. In particular, we demonstrate that combining neural network design of metasurfaces with scattering matrix-based optimization significantly simplifies the computational overhead while facilitating accurate objective-driven design. As an example, we apply our approach to the design of a continuously tunable bandpass filter in the mid-wave infrared, featuring narrow passband (∼10 nm), high quality factors (Q-factors ∼ 102), and large out-of-band rejection (optical density ≥ 3). The design consists of an optical phase-change material Ge2Sb2Se4Te (GSST) metasurface atop a silicon heater sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). The proposed design approach can be generalized to the modeling and inverse design of arbitrary response photonic devices incorporating active metasurfaces.

Background: To evaluate the effects of nitroglycerin combined with continuous regional arterial infusion (CRAI) on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), triglyceride (TG), inflammatory factors and prognosis.

Background Multicompartmental osteoarthritis (MOA) in both tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints is a more commonly occurring, but neglected, clinical condition, and we examined the short-term safety and efficacy of autologous stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) for MOA using a single-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Methods Seventy MOA patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the SVF group and hyaluronic acid (HA) group (control group). The scores of visual analog scale, the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index, and the Samsung Medical Center patellofemoral scoring system were assessed and compared between the two groups 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Results The SVF group had significantly better visual analog scale scores than the HA group at 6 and 12 months after treatment and had better Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index scores than the HA group only at 6 months after treatment. For Samsung Medical Center patellofemoral scoring system of the patellofemoral joint, the SVF group had significantly better scores than the control group at all postoperative time points. The proportion of patients whose visual analog scale and Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index scores were above the minimal clinically important improvement was higher in the SVF group than in the HA group in the majority of assessments. The improvement of bone marrow by SVF treatment was significantly better than that of the HA group as observed by pre- and postoperative Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conclusions Multiple intra-articular injection of autologous SVF reduces pain and improves function in the short term in patients with early or midstage MOA. However, there was heterogeneity in the improvement of overall knee and isolated patellofemoral joint after treatment.   What is already known on this topic   Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common type of degenerative joint disease in humans. Autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has been gradually applied to the treatment of KOA due to its multidifferentiation and ease of access. However, most current studies have focused on the tibiofemoral (TF) joint, and we know little about the performance of SVF in multiple compartments of the knee, including the patellofemoral (PF) joint. What this study adds   Multiple intra-articular injections of SVF are safe and effective for MOA in short-term (within 12 months) follow-up. Patients with MOA appear to have different feedback on treatment in different compartments of the knee, including the PF and TF joints, after SVF treatment. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy   More research is needed to clarify the appropriate dosage and injection schedule of SVF to standardize its clinical use. The rational selection of the indications for SVF in the treatment of KOA needs to be done more carefully when OA affects multiple compartments of the knee joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents a beam element approach for the modeling and high-efficiency simulation of mechanical properties of 2.5D woven composite. For the beam element model, a technical scheme for the parametric modeling of 2.5D woven fabrics was produced. Considering the constraint relationship between the matrix and the fibers, we proposed a method for creating matrix beam elements. Then, a beam element solver was compiled to simulate the mechanical properties of the 2.5D woven composite. Meso-scale analysis of curved shallow-crossing linking 2.5D woven composite using the proposed model obtained the accurate tensile modulus. Full-scale analysis was implemented to simulate bending behavior of straight shallow-crossing linking 2.5D woven composite, and the simulation results agreed well with the experimental results. The above analysis could automatically complete modeling, analysis and post-processing in a relatively short time, reflecting the efficiency advantages of the method in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) represent a class of energy conversion devices that exhibit exceptional efficiency in the direct conversion of chemical energy from diverse fuel sources into electricity. The cathode, which is responsible for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and electron transfer in the cell, plays a critical role in determining the overall performance of SOFCs. In recent years, triple conducting perovskite (TCP) materials have attracted increasing attention as cathode materials for SOFCs due to their excellent electrocatalytic activity, high electronic and ionic conductivity, and thermal stability at high temperatures. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the TCP cathode materials used in SOFCs. In this paper, we first introduce the basic principles and working mechanism of SOFCs. Then, we discuss the current research status of the TCP cathodes, including their compositions, structures, and performance characteristics. Moreover, we highlight the recent advances in the development of new cathode materials and strategies to enhance the overall performance of SOFCs. Finally, we provide insights into the future research directions and potential applications of TCP cathodes in SOFCs. This review aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the TCP cathodes and facilitate the development of more efficient and cost-effective SOFCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]