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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of secretory carrier membrane protein 2 (SCAMP2) in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Paraffin tissue samples and clinicopathological data were collected from 309 patients with primary CRC who were treated in The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2014 to August 2016, and immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression level of SCAMP2 in CRC tissue and adjacent tissue. Results SCAMP2 showed a low expression level in CRC tissue and a high expression level in adjacent tissue, and there was a significant difference in the expression level of SCAMP2 between CRC tissue and adjacent tissue (t=5.042,P

Background and Aims: Lung cancer is ranked as the second most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the predominant histological subtype. Research suggests that one‐third of lung cancer patients also experiencing depression. Antidepressants play an indispensable role in the management of NSCLC. Despite significant advancements in treatment, lung cancer patients still face a high mortality rate. Major depressive disorder (MDD) and related antidepressants involved in treatment efficacy and prognosis of NSCLC. However, there has been a lack of screening and analysis regarding genes and networks associated with both NSCLC and MDD. Methods: To investigate the correlation between MDD and NSCLC, our discovery and validation analysis included four datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database from NSCLC or MDD. Differential gene expression (DEGs) analysis, GO and KEGG Pathway, and protein‐protein interaction network analyzes to identify hub genes, networks, and associated observations link between MDD and NSCLC. Results: The analysis of two datasets yielded a total of 84 downregulated and 52 upregulated DEGs. Pathway enrichment analyzes indicated that co‐upregulated genes were enriched in the regulation of positive regulation of cellular development, collagen‐containing extracellular matrix (ECM), cytokine binding, and axon guidance. We identified 20 key genes, which were further analyzed using the MCODE plugin to identify two core subnetworks. The integration of functionally similar genes provided valuable insights into the potential involvement of these hub genes in diverse biological processes including angiogenesis humoral immune response regulation inflammatory response organization ECM network. Conclusion: We have identified a total of 136 DEGs that participate in multiple biological signaling pathways. A total of 20 hub genes have demonstrated robust associations, potentially indicating novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for both diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The duration of pupa development on a cadaver holds the potential for estimating the time of colonization (TOC), which is often correlated with the postmortem interval (PMI) of decomposed bodies. Establishing an objective, precise, and efficient method for inferring pupa age has become paramount in forensic entomology. In this study, we observed temporal variations in the reflection spectrum of Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) pupa, detectable through hyperspectral imaging (HSI). Additionally, we proposed that the eXtreme Gradient Boosting Regression (XGBR) model represents an optimal approach for estimating pupa development time based on HSI data. Estimating the age of pupa during the development time of the blow fly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is of forensic significance as it assists in determining the time of colonization (TOC), which could help to determine the postmortem interval (PMI). However, establishing an objective, accurate, and efficient method for pupa age inference is still a leading matter of concern among forensic entomologists. In this study, we utilized hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology to analyze the reflectance changes of pupa development under different temperatures (15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C). The spectrograms showed a downtrend under all temperatures. We used PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the spectral data, and then machine learning models (RF, SVR-RBF, SVR-POLY, XGBR, and Lasso) were built. RF, SVR with RBF kernel, and XGBR could show promise in accurate developmental time estimation using accumulated degree days. Among these, the XGBR model consistently exhibited the most minor errors, ranging between 3.9156 and 7.3951 (MAE). This study has identified the value of further refinement of HSI in forensic applications involving entomological specimens, and identified the considerable potential of HSI in forensic practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease linked to pyroptosis, an inflammatory cell death process. Macrophages are essential for maintaining microenvironment homeostasis, which is crucial for periodontal health. This study explores the mechanisms underlying the relationship between macrophage pyroptosis and periodontitis. Methods: Expression of the pyroptosis marker gasdermin E (GSDME) and the macrophage surface marker CD68 was examined by immunofluorescence double staining in healthy and periodontitis gingival tissues. In an in vitro pyroptosis model, RAW264.7 cells were irritated using Porphyromonas gingivalis–lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis–LPS) after treatment with either a nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) agonist or inhibitor. The mRNA and protein levels of NF‐κB, caspase‐3, GSDME, and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) were evaluated through qRT‐PCR, western blotting, and ELISA techniques. Results: GSDME and CD68 were heavily elevated in inflamed gingival tissues compared to healthy tissues and co‐localized in the same region. Furthermore, exposure to P. gingivalis–LPS resulted in a significant upregulation of NF‐κB, caspase‐3, GSDME, and IL‐1β at both the mRNA and protein levels in RAW264.7 cells. NF‐κB agonist or inhibitor pretreatment enhanced or inhibited these effects. Conclusions: GSDME‐mediated macrophage pyroptosis is implicated in periodontitis. Based on in vitro experiments, P. gingivalis‑LPS causes pyroptosis in RAW264.7 cells through the caspase‐3/GSDME pathway. Furthermore, NF‐κB regulates this pyroptotic pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]