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In this paper， the research history of the cathodic protection mechanism of homogeneous metal corrosion electrodes and complex metal electrodes was summarized， and the challenges faced by complex metal electrode cathodic protection technology in practical engineering applications were introduced: the accurate measurement of polarization potential and the selection and establishment of validity criteria for cathodic protection； the theoretic model of cathodic protection has not been defined scientifically and systematically so far， which limits its engineering application to a certain extent.

DHDK is a novel diaryl heptanone analog isolated from mistletoe. (1 E, 4 E) 1,7‐bis (4‐hydroxyphenyl) hept‐1,4‐diene‐3‐one (DHDK) exhibits good antitumor activity and excellent stability, but it doesn't have good solubility or bioavailability. In order to improve this deficiency, the structure was modified and five new DHDK derivatives were successfully synthesized. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of DHDK derivatives against four cancer cell lines was determined by Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay. The results show that DHDK derivatives exhibit excellent potential, especially for human multiple myeloma cells (KMS‐11) and triple‐negative breast cancer cell line (MDA‐MB 231). The equilibrium solubility and oil‐water partition coefficient of DHDK derivatives were better improved by structural modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tilianin (Til), a flavonoid glycoside, is well-known for its therapeutic promise in treating inflammatory disorders. Its poor water solubility and permeability limit its clinical applicability. In order to overcome these restrictions, an antisolvent precipitation and ultrasonication technique was used to prepare amorphous tilianin nanocrystals (Til NCs). We have adjusted the organic solvents, oil-to-water ratio, stabilizer composition, and ultrasonic power and time by combining single-factor and central composite design (CCD) methodologies. The features of Til NCs were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning calorimetry (DSC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Specifically, the optimized Til NCs were needle-like with a particle size ranging from 90 to 130 nm. PVA (0.3%, w/v) and TPGS (0.08%, w/v) stabilized them well. For at least two months, these Til NCs stayed amorphous and showed an impressive stability at 4 °C and 25 °C. Remarkably, Til NCs dissolved almost 20 times faster in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) than they did in crude Til. In RAW264.7 cells, Til NCs also showed a better cellular absorption as well as safety and protective qualities. Til NCs were shown to drastically lower reactive oxygen species (ROS), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in anti-inflammatory experiments, while increasing IL-10 levels and encouraging M1 macrophages to adopt the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Our results highlight the potential of amorphous Til NCs as a viable approach to improve Til's anti-inflammatory effectiveness, solubility, and dissolving rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain excellent insulation performance and high-strength energy-saving insulation mortar, a carbon fiber building energy-saving insulation mortar was prepared using ordinary Portland cement P.O 42.5 as the matrix material and adding an appropriate amount of carbon fiber as the reinforcing material in the mortar. The effect of carbon fiber doping on the mechanical properties, shrinkage rate, and insulation performance of insulation mortar was studied, and the relationship between thermal conductivity and apparent density of insulation mortar was established. The results showed that with the increase of carbon fiber doping amount, the apparent density of insulation mortar first decreased and then slightly increased, while the consistency, compressive strength, and flexural strength all increased and then decreased. At the age of 28 d, when the doping a-mount of carbon fiber was 0.5 wt%, the compactness of the network structure in the insulation mortar was the best, with the compressive strength and flexural strength reaching their maximum values of 46.1 and 6.8 MPa, respectively. Among them, the flexural strength had increased by 23.64%, and the improvement effect was higher than the compressive strength. As the amount of carbon fiber doping increased, the shrinkage rate of insulation mortar continues to decreased, and the thermal conductivity first decreased and then increased. When the doping amount of carbon fiber was 0.5 wt%, the thermal conductivity of the insulation mortar reached the lowest value of 0.0583 W/(m · K), indicating the best insulation performance. By fitting the thermal conductivity and apparent density of insulation mortar, it was found that they are linearly correlated, with a fitting degree of 98.4%. Overall, the optimal doping amount for carbon fibers is 0.5 wt%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]