Search

The corrosion behavior of the Xinjiang oil field (China) gathering pipeline steel was studied by a weight-loss technique, microscopic characterization, an X-ray diffractometer, and a three-dimensional microscope. When the CO2/O2/H2S system contains a low H2S concentration (100 ppm), the CO2 and O2 concentrations increase and the corrosion rate of 20# steel increases. When the CO2 concentration increases (10–30%), the corrosion rate increases by 8.84%, and the corrosion product film thickness increases significantly by 231.01%, while when the O2 concentration increases (0.5–2.5%), the corrosion rate increases by 29.24%, and the thickness of the product film increased by 29.21%. The two mechanisms that promote the increase in the corrosion rate are different. CO2 promotes the cathodic reaction to increase the corrosion rate, while O2 accelerates the corrosion process by destroying the structure of the corrosion film. The morphology of corrosion products is more complex. The increase in O2 concentration increases the number of corrosion defects, and the change in CO2 concentration has little effect on local corrosion. The corrosion products mainly include FeCO3, Fe2O3, and FeS2, but S and FeS are not formed. The reason is that CO2 controls the corrosion process, and a large amount of O2 is consumed, which weakens the interaction between H2S and O2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-component thermal fluid flooding is an efficient thermal technology for heavy oil recovery. However, the oil and gas transported by the gathering pipeline exhibit the large temperature difference along with high O2, H2S and CO2 contents, which may easily bring serious corrosion problems to the pipeline. In this article, the present work aims to study corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanisms in a CO2/H2S/O2 coexistence system using a Huning 4 block gathering pipeline material, particularly clarifying the influence of temperature on the corrosion behavior and localized corrosion mechanism. The high-temperature autoclave was used to simulate the corrosion environments. The corrosion products at various temperatures were examined via three-dimensional optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The maximum uniform corrosion rate of L245NS is 0.5149 mm/a (at 333 K), and the maximum local corrosion rate is 4.6258 mm/a (at 363 K). At lower temperatures (303–333 K), the corrosion product film possessed a double-layered membrane, where the bottom layer was enriched with S-based elements, mainly FeS or FeS2 and the upper layer was mainly covered by FeCO3 with the uniform corrosion state. Applying the higher temperatures (363–393 K) made the FeCO3 grain coverage more continuous and dense, leading to the formation of a dense double-layered film, where the uniform corrosion was suppressed, while localized corrosion emerged. The thermodynamics shows that an increase in the temperature was found to decrease the solubility product coefficient of FeS and FeCO3, inducing the appearance of a protective layer and inhibiting the corrosion process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapeutic drugs, mainly biologics that neutralize pro-inflammatory factors and janus kinase inhibitors that inhibit cytokine-mediated signal transduction, face problems including low efficacy rates, limited therapeutic benefits, and infection risks. It is an important task to find proteins that broadly regulate a variety of cytokines and to develop corresponding drugs. Cathepsin C (CTSC) mediates neutrophil-related inflammatory, participates in the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, and regulates cytokines levels, and is considered an ideal target for IBD treatment. In this study, starting from the in-house molecule, through medicinal chemistry and target-based design, a novel CTSC inhibitor B22 with IBD therapeutic efficacy was discovered. In vitro target verification and mechanism study indicated that B22 inhibit CTSC activity by binding to S2 pocket and S1 site, further inhibiting downstream serine protease activity. In addition, B22 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity and regulated various cytokines levels. In vivo studies highlighted B22 bears acceptable toxicity and suitable pharmacokinetic properties, and displays anti-inflammatory activity in IBD model. In conclusion, B22 is a potential anti-inflammatory molecule for IBD by targeting CTSC and deserves further research., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors have contributed to the work, have read the manuscript and have agreed to be listed as authors. The submitted manuscript has not been published elsewhere and nor is it currently under review by another publication. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Background: Electronic medical record (EMR) systems are essential in health care for collecting and storing patient medical data. They provide critical information to doctors and caregivers, facilitating improved decision-making and patient care. Despite their significance, optimizing EMR systems is crucial for enhancing health care quality. Implementing the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) shared data model represents a promising approach to improve EMR performance and overall health care outcomes., Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of implementing the OMOP shared data model in EMR systems and to assess its impact on enhancing health care quality., Methods: In this study, 3 distinct methodologies are used to explore various aspects of health care information systems. First, factor analysis is utilized to investigate the correlations between EMR systems and attitudes toward OMOP. Second, the best-worst method (BWM) is applied to determine the weights of criteria and subcriteria. Lastly, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory technique is used to illustrate the interactions and interdependencies among the identified criteria., Results: In this research, we evaluated the AliHealth EMR system by surveying 98 users and practitioners to assess its effectiveness and user satisfaction. The study reveals that among all components, "EMR resolution" holds the highest importance with a weight of 0.31007783, highlighting its significant role in the evaluation. Conversely, "EMR ease of use" has the lowest weight of 0.1860467, indicating that stakeholders prioritize the resolution aspect over ease of use in their assessment of EMR systems., Conclusions: The findings highlight that stakeholders prioritize certain aspects of EMR systems, with "EMR resolution" being the most valued component., (©Ming Luo, Yu Gu, Feilong Zhou, Shaohong Chen. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (https://medinform.jmir.org), 27.09.2024.)

Ubiquitinases are known to catalyze ubiquitin chains on target proteins to regulate various physiological functions like cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression. As a member of E3 ligase, ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 5 (UBR5) belongs to the HECT E3 ligase and has been reported to be correlated with various pathophysiological processes. In this review, the authors give a comprehensive insight into the structure and function of UBR5. The authors discuss the specific domains of UBR5 and explore their biological functions separately. Furthermore, the authors describe the involvement of UBR5 in different pathophysiological conditions, including immune response, virus infection, DNA damage response, and protein quality control. Moreover, the authors provide a thorough summary of the important roles and regulatory mechanisms of UBR5 in cancers and other diseases. On the whole, investigating the domains and functions of UBR5, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of UBR5 with various substrates in detail may provide new theoretical basis for the treatment of diseases, including cancers, which could improve future studies to construct novel UBR5-targeted therapy strategies., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)