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To study the antifungal effect and mechanism of linalool against Fusarium oxysporum FOX-1, the causative agent of ginger Fusarium wilt, the damaging effects of different concentrations of linalool on the mycelial growth, spore germination and cell membrane of F. oxysporum FOX-1, and its control effect on ginger Fusarium wilt were systemically investigated. The results showed that linalool could significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum FOX-1 in a concentration-dependent manner, and the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) were 1.183 and 2 g/L, respectively. The spore concentration of F. oxysporum FOX-1 treated with linalool at MIC for 6 h was (1.43 ± 0.12) × 104 spores/mL, which was significantly lower than that of the control group ((5.79 ± 0.19) × 104 spores/mL) (P < 0.05), and the spore germination rate of F. oxysporum FOX-1 treated with linalool at MIC for 12 h was (5.83 ± 2.16)%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group ((95.12 ± 3.78)%) (P < 0.05). Treatment with linalool at 1/2 MIC and MIC damaged the integrity of the cell membrane, resulting in a significant increase in relative electrical conductivity and nucleic acid leakage in the mycelial suspension and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the mycelium, and a significant decrease in ergosterol content, finally weakening the pathogenicity of the fungus. No lesions appeared on ginger pieces after treatment with linalool at MIC for 3 days. In conclusion, linalool affects the normal physiological function of F. oxysporum FOX-1 by inhibiting its spore germination and mycelial growth and destroying its cellular structure. This study provides a new direction for the effective control of Fusarium wilt.

The aim of this article was to discuss the modeling and control method of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). In the process of modeling, mechanism modeling and experimental testing are combined, especially the motor and propeller are modeled in detail. Through the understanding of the body structure and flight principle of the quadrotor UAV, the Newton–Euler method is used to analyze the dynamics of the quadrotor UAV, and the mathematical model of the UAV is established under the small angle rotation. Process identifier (PID) is used to control it. First, the attitude angle of the model is controlled by PID, and based on this, the speed in each direction is controlled by PID. Then, the PID control of the four rotor aircraft with the center of gravity offset is simulated by MATLAB. The results show that the pitch angle and roll angle can be controlled by 5 degrees together without center of gravity deviation, and the PID can effectively control the control quantity and achieve the desired effect in a short time. Classical BP algorithm, classical GA-BP algorithm, and improved GA-BP algorithm were trained, respectively, with a total of 150 sets of training data, training function uses Levenberg-Marquardt (trainlm), and performance function uses mean squared error (MSE). In the background of the same noise, the improved GA-BP algorithm has the highest detection rate, classical GA-BP algorithm is the second, and classical BP algorithm is the worst. The simulation results show that the PID control law can effectively control the attitude angle and speed of the rotor UAV in the case of center of gravity deviation.

Background: Sepsis is a common syndrome of multiorgan system dysfunction secondary to the dysregulated inflammatory response to infection. The role of pancreatic stone protein (PSP) in diagnosing sepsis has been investigated in previous studies. The meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively investigate the diagnostic value of PSP in identifying sepsis. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were systematically searched. Studies investigating the diagnostic performance of PSP were included. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive Likelihood Ratio (+ LR) and negative Likelihood Ratio (-LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) were calculated. Results: The sensitivity of PSP was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77–0.94), and the pooled specificity was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.65–0.87). Pooled + LR, -LR, and DOR were 4.1 (2.3, 7.3), 0.16 (0.07, 0.34), and 26 (7, 98). The AUC value for the SROC of PSP was 0.90 (0.87, 0.92). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, + LR and - LR, and DOR for PSP among neonates were 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.96), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.74), 3.97 (95% CI: 0.53, 29.58), 0.13 (95% CI: 0.02, 1.00), and 31.27 (95% CI: 0.97, 1004.60). Conclusions: This study indicates that PSP demonstrated favorable diagnostic accuracy in detecting sepsis. Well-designed studies are warranted to ascertain the value of PSP measurement to guide early empirical antibiotic treatment, particularly in neonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remolding and occlusion, leading to the elevated pulmonary arterial pressures, right ventricular hypertrophy, and eventual heart failure if left untreated. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is crucial for devising efficient therapeutic approaches for the disease. Lung homogenates were collected weekly and underwent RNA-sequencing in the monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rat model to explore genes associated with PH progression. Statistical analyses revealed 1038, 1244, and 3125 significantly altered genes (P < 0.05, abs (log 2 fold change) > log 2 1.5) between control and MCT-exposed rats during the first, second, and third week, respectively. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed involvement of cell cycle and innate immune system for the upregulated genes, GPCR and VEGF signaling for the downregulated genes. Furthermore, qRT-PCR validated upregulation of representative genes associated with cell cycle including Cdc25c (cell division cycle 25C), Cdc45, Top2a (topoisomerase IIα), Ccna2 (cyclin A2) and Ccnb1 (cyclin B1). Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed increases in PCNA, Ccna2, Top2a, along with other proliferation markers in the lung tissue of MCT-treated rats. In summary, RNA sequencing data highlights the significance of cell proliferation in progression of rodent PH., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Even with sufficient oxygen, tumor cells use glycolysis to obtain the energy and macromolecules they require to multiply, once thought to be a characteristic of tumor cells known as the "Warburg effect". In fact, throughout the process of carcinogenesis, immune cells and stromal cells, two major cellular constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME), also undergo thorough metabolic reprogramming, which is typified by increased glycolysis. In this review, we provide a full-scale review of the glycolytic remodeling of several types of TME cells and show how these TME cells behave in the acidic milieu created by glucose shortage and lactate accumulation as a result of increased tumor glycolysis. Notably, we provide an overview of putative targets and inhibitors of glycolysis along with the viability of using glycolysis inhibitors in combination with immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Understanding the glycolytic situations in diverse cells within the tumor immunological milieu will aid in the creation of subsequent treatment plans., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Zhao, Jin, Huang, Ji, Xu, Wang, Zhou, Bao, Jiang, Xu, Lu and Xiao.)

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a prevalent histological subtype of thyroid cancer, whose occurrence and development may be related to circRNA dysregulation. This research proposed to unravel circ-LDLRAD3-related mechanisms in PTC. First, circ-LDLRAD3, miR-655-3p .and MAPK1 levels in PTC were quantitatively measured. Then, plasmid vectors or oligonucleotides that interfere with circ-LDLRAD3, miR-655-3p, or MAPK1 were transfected into PTC cells, followed by the analysis of proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Finally, the targeted binding sites between miR-655-3p and circ-LDLRAD3 or MAPK1 were predicted by starBase and experimentally verified. Statistically, PTC samples expressed high circ-LDLRAD3 and MAPK1 and low miR-655-3p. Knocking down circ-LDLRAD3 or enhancing miR-655-3p hindered PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and forced apoptosis. circ-LDLRAD3 bound to miR-655-3p to affect MAPK1 expression. Elevating MAPK1 rescued circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown-allowed obstruction of PTC cell growth. In conclusion, circ-LDLRAD3 stimulates PTC development by releasing miR-655-3p-targeted MAPK1.

Objective: Our study aims to head to head compare the application of gallium-68-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor ( 68 Ga-FAPI) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) PET/CT in primary and metastatic lesions of gastric tumor to determine the superior diagnostic tool., Materials and Methods: A systematic search, up to March 31, 2023, across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases utilized a data-specific Boolean logic strategy. Sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPE) evaluations of 68 Ga-FAPI and 18 F-FDG PET/CT in gastric cancer lesions were conducted. The quality of the studies was assessed using QUADAS-2, and publication bias was examined through Begg and Egger tests., Results: Analysis involved 141 gastric tumor patients and 2753 metastatic lesions in five studies, with overall satisfactory study quality and no apparent publication bias. Patient-level data showed a combined SEN of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90-0.98) for 68 Ga-FAPI and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77-0.89) for 18 F-FDG. At the lesion level, combined SEN were 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84-0.96) for 68 Ga-FAPI and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.63-0.80) for 18 F-FDG. The pooled SEN for detecting lymph node metastases was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.74-0.82) for 68 Ga-FAPI and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.30-0.39) for 18 F-FDG, with pooled SPE values of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96-0.98), respectively. For detecting distant metastases, pooled SEN values were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96-0.98) and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.66-0.72) for 68 Ga-FAPI and 18 F-FDG, with pooled SPE values of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82-0.89) and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.59-0.68), respectively., Conclusion: This meta-analysis concluded that 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT was significantly more sensitive than 18 F-FDG PET/CT in assessing primary gastric tumors, lymph nodes, and distant metastases, but the difference in the specificity of lymph node metastasis was not significant.