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Copyright of Journal of Soochow University Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition is the property of Soochow University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Qing History Journal is the property of Renmin University of China, Institute of Qing History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Examining the morphological evolution of ancient Jiande County (JD) over time, our research adopts a diachronic perspective to explore county-level spatial planning and its correlations with local governance during the feudal and republican eras. Utilizing historical records, including chronicles, geo-maps, and remote sensing images, to reconstruct urban ground plans, our findings unveil a historical shift in administrative management within the ancient Yanzhou region (YZ). In the Song Dynasty, feudal authority was distinctly manifested through a spatial hierarchy, diminishing in influence during the Ming-Qing Dynasty. In contemporary times, Meicheng Town (the ancient Jiande County) has departed from traditional urban layouts, relinquishing its central position in the local administrative hierarchy. JD’s historic transition in county-level urban planning and local governance paradigms provides evidence for examing its future development trajectories.

Efficient and equitable access to municipal services hinges on well-designed administrative divisions. It requires ongoing adaptation to changing demographics, infrastructure, and economic factors. This article proposes a novel transparent data-driven method for territorial division based on the Voronoi partition of edge-weighted road graphs and the vertex k-center problem as a special case of the minimax facility location problem. By considering road network structure and strategic placement of administrative centers, this method seeks to minimize travel time disparities and ensure a more balanced distribution of administrative time burden for the population. We show implementations of this approach in the context of Latvia, a country with complex geographical features and diverse population distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's administrative division adjustments (ADAs) reallocate resources and power under a unitary centralized structure. Using national-level data for 2001–2017, this study analyzed the likelihood of ADAs of counties or county-level cities through the events of history analysis method (EHA). The results revealed that county-level local economic factors (value added by first industry, value added by second industry, fiscal revenue, and urban fixed-asset investments) and particularly national strategic factors (promotion of city-regions, frontier location, strategic initiative location) significantly predicted adjustments. The findings verified that economic factors account for ADAs. Additionally, the strategies for creating city regions are a major motive for ADAs. ADAs were performed as spatial strategies in privileged areas to realize national goals for cities, city clusters and frontiers. Governments try to accomplish national strategies and promote spatial governance capacities by territorial urbanization and rescaling administrative power, which crystallizes the practice of state spatial selectivity. However, national spatial strategies should balance efficiency with equality among regions, meaning that the logics of different ADA types differ. Our study enriches the theory of territorial urbanization and contributes to the existing literature by providing a quantitative analysis and thick descriptions of factors facilitating the reconfiguration of state space in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the application of the gravity model, namely the delineation of the urban predominant influence areas via the generation of the multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram, to the socio-economic regionalisation and administrative territorial division of Ukraine, including the existing state of affairs and several proposals on their improvement. The research uses quantitative statistical data on interregional migration and rail passenger traffic within the country, processed via the Statistica analytics software, and a subsequent spatial analysis conducted by GIS. The findings suggest that the gravity model can serve as a tool for optimisation the administrative territorial division, as well as for the delineation of the planning regions and urban hinterlands. At the same time, it has certain limitations and should not be treated as a panacea for regional planning and development.

Yongsheng Sun,1 ChengJiang Liu,2 Nianping Zhang,3 Debing Yang,4 Cungen Ma,5 Xi Zhang61Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Medical College of Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Anqing First People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 246000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, People’s Republic of China; 5Neurobiology Research Center, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Neurology, Second Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing, 100000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Cungen Ma; Xi Zhang, Email macungen2001@163.com; zhangxiplagh@sina.comObjective: The common chronic non-communicable diseases and epidemiological characteristics of the forsaken elders over 60 in Guangling and Tianzhen were investigated and analyzed to provide reference for health resource allocation, hospital capacity establishing and health management of the forsaken elders in county-level regions.Materials and Methods: The data of 10,331 resident elderly over 60 in Guangling and Tianzhen of Datong Civil Affairs Bureau in the management system for disabled and semi-disabled elderly was collected. The gender, age, main diagnosis and coding of diseases, common chronic non-communicable diseases, and system diseases of the respondents were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The prevalence of the forsaken elders aged over 60 in Guangling and Tianzhen were different. Hypertension, arthritis, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia and cerebral infarction are the top five common chronic non infectious diseases in Guangling, Tianzhen and the two counties. Among the top five common diseases in Guangling, Tianzhen and the two counties, arthritis or rheumatism, hypertension, diabetes or elevated blood sugar were found, which were different in the 60– 65, 66– 70, 71– 75 and 76– 80 groups, with the prevalence increasing with age. The top five diseases in Guangling, Tianzhen and the two counties were consistent, while the ranking changed slightly. The proportion of circulatory diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, connective tissue diseases and endocrine/nutritional and metabolic diseases in 60– 65, 66– 70 and 71– 75 groups increased with age, and was much higher than that in other groups.Conclusion: The prevalence and disease spectrum order of common chronic non-communicable diseases and systemic diseases in Guangling and Tianzhen are diverse, also in gender and age groups. As China’s county-level local administrative divisions have relatively independent administrative autonomy, medical and health resources can be better configured according to the information mined, accurately maintaining and promoting residents’ health. It is suggested to explore the disease management mechanism with county-level administrative divisions as database management units under the background of big data, so as to implement the interconnection and sharing of information among health-related departments in county-level regions.Keywords: chronic non-communicable diseases, system diseases, administrative division, disease spectrum, the forsaken elders

Copyright of Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society / Prace Komisji Geografii Przemyslu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego is the property of Press of Pedagogical University of Cracow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current administrative division of Poland has been in force for over twenty years in almost unchanged form, and thus seems "established" from the perspective of the third decade of the 21st century. Despite this, it continues to be assessed critically in the scientific community, and also among certain local groups. Controversies concern both the competences assigned to regional units of government, the number and area of existing units, and even the number of levels of division. Bearing in mind ideas on inclusive development (in the spatial dimension also) it is reasonable to consider perceptions of the state of affairs in place since 1999 among those who lack comparison with the previous situation, and might also be regarded as most excluded in this matter - young people associated with the Polish cities and regions recognised as marginalised by the country's current division into voivodeships (units of administration combining provincial and regional status). The work detailed in this article has thus sought to address research questions as follows: • What differences in perceptions of regional-capital characteristics can be identified among surveyed young people of school age, in line with the status of the city in which they study from the point of view of the administrative division in place currently? • Do surveyed high-school students from cities that lost "voivodeship capital" status in 1999 in fact display any "inferiority complex" towards surveyed pupils from cities that retained that status? • Are there any differences in perceptions of the city as regional centre among young people surveyed in former voivodeship cities, as opposed to currently-recognised capitals of voivodeships? And if so, in what aspects do such differences manifest themselves? • In line with the expressed opinions of the young people surveyed, are the regional functions served by the surveyed cities reflected in their actual rank in the settlement network? The necessary data were obtained via surveys conducted in 2020 by ex-students of the University of Warsaw. For this purpose, two slightly different versions of the questionnaire were constructed, assigned to cities either enjoying or not enjoying the status of voivodeship capital (Appendix 1). The selection of cities was based mainly on their potential to act as capitals of voivodeships not established after 1998, but appearing most frequently in the often-heated debate ongoing since that time. Such a criterion denotes the urban centres of Częstochowa, Kalisz, Koszalin, Płock, Radom and Słupsk (Fig. 1), given that these cities meet the criterion of having been voivodeship cities (capitals) under the administrative division present previously in Poland, and were also pointed to as regional centres in the 2030 Conception for the Spatial Development of the Country (Koncepcja Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju, KPZK). For comparative purposes, four voivodeship cities (currently recognised capitals) were included, with the selection being such as to ensure a de facto position in the settlement network similar to those taken by the 6 aforementioned centres, as well as similar demographic potential (Table 1). The cities identified on that basis were Gorzów Wielkopolski, Kielce, Toruń and Zielona Góra. The research conducted in such way provided for the drawing of a number of conclusions, some of which reflect those appearing in the public debate, as well as in other scientific studies not yet verified through more in-depth testing in actual society. For example, it is shown clearly that young people studying in voivodeship cities are more likely than peers in cities lacking that status to perceive their city as a regional capital, and at the same time, to understand the concept of the capital as perceived more broadly (Table 4). Young people in the non-voivodeship cities mostly pay attention to the capitals' administrative function, while they are less likely than their peers from the voivodeship capitals to invoke educational and cultural functions (Table 5, Fig. 3). However, the choices of the surveyed young people offered no basis to suggest the presence of an "inferiority complex" as a manifestation of social marginalisation among people from the cities not serving as capitals of voivodeships. Nevertheless, differences in a young person's perception of "their own" city could be identified clearly, in line with the status conferred by the administrative division in force. This is seen in particular in the context of migration (outflow of population), as well as the uneven distribution of funds and investments. People from the experimental group were more likely to notice that their centre was being treated unfairly in these respects than were people from the control group (appreciating that the city in which they were at school was privileged). In turn, young people studying in the voivodeship capital cities were more inclined to point to the educational offer being better in the capital as compared with other cities in the same voivodeship (Table 6). A further valuable conclusion reflects the almost complete lack of evidence for a relationship between the actual number of service facilities in the cities surveyed and respondents' answers as to the perception of functions adequate for a regional centre. This may not in fact be surprising, given that the question in the survey did not concern perceptions of the functions of the city in which respondents actually studied, but was rather aimed at discerning young people's opinions on functions adequate for a hypothetical regional capital. The testing sought to identify the impact on respondents' answers of a given city's specialisation in certain services. In the event, the existence of such a connection could not be shown. A correlation was noted between the general provisioning of services in surveyed centres and respondents' perceptions of them as regional capitals (Fig. 4), but the strength was such as to suggest that other (as-yet-unidentified) factors were also involved. The research detailed here can be seen as pioneering in a number of respects, and touches on various issues pertinent to the way in which Poland's current administrative division at provincial/regional level is perceived. More research in this area is thus required to further confirm, or deny, the relationships and conclusions presented here. It is nevertheless clear that findings of importance to the discussed issue are present in this paper, and may serve as input in what is a still-raging debate on the administrative division of Poland into voivodeships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the application of the gravity model, namely the delineation of the urban predominant influence areas via the generation of the multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram, to the socio-economic regionalisation and administrative territorial division of Ukraine, including the existing state of affairs and several proposals on their improvement. The research uses quantitative statistical data on interregional migration and rail passenger traffic within the country, processed via the Statistica analytics software, and a subsequent spatial analysis conducted by GIS. The findings suggest that the gravity model can serve as a tool for optimisation the administrative territorial division, as well as for the delineation of the planning regions and urban hinterlands. At the same time, it has certain limitations and should not be treated as a panacea for regional planning and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The establishment of prefecture-level cities is a major spatial achievement of the social structure transformation in the process of modernization in China. The optimization of the layout structure of such cities is an inherent requirement for deepening supply-side structural reform and is of great significance to the construction of a scientific and reasonable urbanization pattern. Using the district similarity coefficient and standard deviation ellipse model, this study discusses the spatial characteristics and existing problems of prefecture-level city setting. The results reveal the following: 1) In terms of spatial characteristics, since the reform and opening-up, the setting of prefecture-level cities in China has been greatly affected by policy factors, exhibiting a gradual trend of advancing from east to west and from coastal to inland. 2) After reform and opening-up, the addition of prefecture-level cities is an adjustment on the basis of the original regional system, including the establishment of a city, the merger of a city, promotion of a county or county-level city to a city, and so on. 3) With the development of economy and society, the "space" problem of the prefecture-level city setting has become increasingly prominent, which is closely related to the difference in the mode of city setting, resulting in the administrative centers above prefecture-level setting too close, "small horse and big cart" and other problems to varying degrees. 4) The spatial distribution of prefecture-level cities in China is generated in regional administrative districts against the background of industrialization and urbanization, developed in the strategic transformation of urban-rural differences and cross-border cooperation, and faced with the innovative challenge of regionalization adjustment in the process of regional restructuring and scale restructuring. 5) The "space" problem leads to the increase of the system cost of economic and social development to varying degrees. Therefore, the layout of productivity should be comprehensively considered in a wider scope, and the adjustment of prefecture-level administrative divisions can be carried out when necessary. The possible contribution of this study to the literature is reflected in the application of the similarity coefficient of administrative districts to reveal that "the prefecture-level city is highly similar to the original region." Moreover, the problems existing in the current setting are related to this, such as too close distance and call for great importance to the significance of the adjustment of administrative divisions of the prefecture-level city. The possible shortcomings are that the logic of such city administrative division adjustment needs to be further explored, and the analysis of the thinking path of this adjustment is insufficient. In the future, the research on relevant issues in prefecture-level cities should be strengthened. Additionally, it is necessary to change the thinking of the adjustment of the overall construction system and the internal adjustment of prefecture-level government districts, consider the layout of productive forces from a broader perspective, consider the level of administration, the scale of government districts and the spatial structure as a whole, and take comprehensive measures to meet the actual needs of national and local development.

Some of the existing districts of Çankırı cause waste of public resources as the reasons for their establishment have lost their validity. In order to use public resources in accordance with the economy of scale, criteria have been developed to measure the performance of districts. With the criteria developed in this context, the evaluation of the existing districts was made by applying the PCA method. Districts with low and high score values were determined as a result of PCA. By applying the Thiessen Polygon method with the ArcGis program, equidistant impact areas of the districts with high scores were determined. In this way, it has been determined how to combine low-scoring districts with high-scoring districts. Suggestions have been made for the unification of the villages, whose population has decreased considerably and which are very close to each other. These suggestions were made considering the minimum population limit of 150 people and the maximum distance of 10 km between settlements. As of 2021, Çankırı has 12 district administrative areas, three towns, and 371 village administrative areas. According to the research findings, the province should consist of 178 administrative units, including five districts, 10 towns, and 163 villages. This division was considered to be appropriate for the public interest.

Ptah has been the main god of the ancient Egyptian state since its unification. The unity of the pharaoh and the god is clearly manifested in one of the names of Ptah--"Ptah, south of his wall," where the word "the walls" is the name of the royal fortress, which played the role of the first capital of the unified state. It is with this name of Ptah that the phrase "Ankhtawy" is associated. Many Egyptologists have arrived at the conclusion that the name Ankhtawy served as a designation of necropolis. However, this meaning does not explain many facts connected with the term's use in texts. The author draws the conclusion that Ankhtawy is the poetic name of the First Nome of Lower Egypt, the domain of the god Ptah. In a more comprehensive sense, the term served as the poetic name of the area under dominion of the god Ptah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tropical Geography is the property of Tropical Geography Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Geographical Sciences / Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Cografi Bilimler Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mobility plays a critical role in promoting rural development. However, the current knowledge regarding the factors that influence mobility between rural towns is limited. The objective of this study is to explore the impact of administrative division and regional accessibility on rural mobility to inform development policies and strategies. The administrative division is demarcated by district and city boundaries, and regional accessibility is assessed using various modes of transportation, including cars, high-speed railways (HSRs), and intercity commuter railways (ICRs). A flow-based geographically weighted regression (FGWR) method is employed based on mobile phone signaling data to quantify the associations and identify the local effects of these factors in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). The findings suggest that both administrative division and regional accessibility significantly influence rural mobility. Specifically, the effects of district boundaries on commuting mobility are more pronounced in the central areas along the Pearl River, while the effects of city boundaries on non-commuting mobility between the core area and surrounding regions are more significant. With regard to regional accessibility, cars are the preferred mode of transportation for connections between the core areas of cities along the Pearl River, whereas HSR is favored more for non-commuting trips between the northwest and center regions. This study provides novel empirical insights into the understanding of rural mobility and has significant implications for promoting regional integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies (OMAD) / Osmanlı Mirası Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Ottoman Legacy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The administrative system during Iran's Safavid and India's Mughal empires had a complex structure. During that era, writing, recording, and dispatching of royal decrees as well as administrative, judicial, revenue figures, and rulings were carried out by three administrative divisions dealing with composition, execution, and judiciary. Such documents are exiting in two primary and secondary forms and their compositions are varied based on their themes. The components of documents are also distinguished in terms of their header, seal, and monogram. To prevent any type of forgery, they went through lengthy and complicated stages. These documents show the evolution of the bureaucratic system in both dynasties and were issued for purposes such as appointments, grants, exemptions, contracts, treaties, and so on. The research method applied in the present research is based sources extracted from library and archival materials and then the court documents of both Safavid and Mughals were compared and analyzed through the descriptive-analytical method. Research findings show that different administrative units were under the supervision of the minister (vazir), the second powerful figure after the King, who in fact led state, financial and judicial affairs. Although both dynasties had common roots, they created one of the most effective executive systems of their time by upgrading those prevalent in previous empires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the creation of a geographic data set for the administrative territories of the Catholic Church (hereinafter referred to as ATCC). There is currently no unified geographic data set for the administrative territories of the Catholic Church in Lithuania. The aim of the study is to contribute to its creation. The paper presents possible sources of data for ATCC, describes their types, and the digitization methodology, with particular emphasis on parish boundaries. The article also identifies six types of settlements that are ambiguously assigned to parishes. The suitability of spatial parish boundary data for analysis is evaluated. The obtained results are presented, and they can be further explored in a series of online maps. The created ATCC data set is publicly available and suitable for further analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-term effects of administrative division adjustments on economic development in Dalian City, China, is presently unclear. Therefore, we employed a geographically and temporally weighted regression model to construct an index assessment system using the annual number of newly registered enterprises as the dependent variable. We empirically studied the effects of administrative division adjustments of townships in Dalian City from 2010 to 2020. The results showed that: (i) adjustments in townships administrative divisions negatively affected regional enterprise concentrations and economic development in general, whereas industrial and transportation factors demonstrated positive effects to variable degrees, and the effects of policy, location, and population factors were not significant. (ii) Over time, the effects of townships administrative division adjustments changed from positive to negative, and the negative effects displayed an increasing trend, revealing that (iii) the effect of administrative division adjustments in Dalian City was positive and negative over time. This further reveals the objective problem that administrative division adjustment in recent years was effective over the short term, but not over the long term. (iv) During the study period, administrative division adjustments positively affected regional enterprise concentrations and economic development solely during a short time frame and in a small geographical area. However, its negative effects increased extensively, which infers that maintaining a relatively stable administrative division is more beneficial for promoting economic development in Dalian City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article raises the issue of potential possibilities for an establishment of the district with the capital in Miastko, which is the town of ten thousand residents, located in Bytów district. Miastko was already a capital of the unit in the past, but this function was not restored in 1999 or later. Based on assumptions from the period of shaping the current administrative division and the functions of the centres in the rank of the capital of the district, distinguished in the literature, in confrontation with the contemporary role of Miastko in the settlement network and its range and strength of functional and spatial relations with surroundings, the level of provision of services for the local community (including administration) was determined as well as the strength of connections between this centre and the surrounding communes. For the purposes of the article, the indicator of communication linkages was constructed, which was used as one of the measures of the size of functional connections between neighbouring communes and Miastko. All the considerations are set in the context of the demographic potential of the possible unit and the regional distinctiveness of the Middle Pomerania, including administratively as the Middle Pomerania Province. The undertaking of this topic is related to the constant need to discuss the shape of the administrative division in Poland and the willingness of the scientific community to formulate recommendations for decision makers in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobility plays a critical role in promoting rural development. However, the current knowledge regarding the factors that influence mobility between rural towns is limited. The objective of this study is to explore the impact of administrative division and regional accessibility on rural mobility to inform development policies and strategies. The administrative division is demarcated by district and city boundaries, and regional accessibility is assessed using various modes of transportation, including cars, high-speed railways (HSRs), and intercity commuter railways (ICRs). A flow-based geographically weighted regression (FGWR) method is employed based on mobile phone signaling data to quantify the associations and identify the local effects of these factors in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). The findings suggest that both administrative division and regional accessibility significantly influence rural mobility. Specifically, the effects of district boundaries on commuting mobility are more pronounced in the central areas along the Pearl River, while the effects of city boundaries on non-commuting mobility between the core area and surrounding regions are more significant. With regard to regional accessibility, cars are the preferred mode of transportation for connections between the core areas of cities along the Pearl River, whereas HSR is favored more for non-commuting trips between the northwest and center regions. This study provides novel empirical insights into the understanding of rural mobility and has significant implications for promoting regional integration.

The long-term effects of administrative division adjustments on economic development in Dalian City, China, is presently unclear. Therefore, we employed a geographically and temporally weighted regression model to construct an index assessment system using the annual number of newly registered enterprises as the dependent variable. We empirically studied the effects of administrative division adjustments of townships in Dalian City from 2010 to 2020. The results showed that: (i) adjustments in townships administrative divisions negatively affected regional enterprise concentrations and economic development in general, whereas industrial and transportation factors demonstrated positive effects to variable degrees, and the effects of policy, location, and population factors were not significant. (ii) Over time, the effects of townships administrative division adjustments changed from positive to negative, and the negative effects displayed an increasing trend, revealing that (iii) the effect of administrative division adjustments in Dalian City was positive and negative over time. This further reveals the objective problem that administrative division adjustment in recent years was effective over the short term, but not over the long term. (iv) During the study period, administrative division adjustments positively affected regional enterprise concentrations and economic development solely during a short time frame and in a small geographical area. However, its negative effects increased extensively, which infers that maintaining a relatively stable administrative division is more beneficial for promoting economic development in Dalian City.

Geographical location words (GLWs) are words associated with geographical locations. GLWs are the significant foundation for text data processing and social network location inference. In this paper, we propose a framework for constructing high-precision general GLWs datasets, and a Chinese GLWs dataset (named GeoCN) is constructed. To some extent, GeoCN solves the problem of lacking a Chinese GLWs lexicon with diverse categories, high accuracy, and robust versatility. GeoCN consists of three parts: a) points of interest (POI) data collected based on the electronic map API, b) administrative division data constructed based on the national information platform, and c) GLWs data expanded and filtered by automated procedures and manual processing. We establish a GLWs glossary for each administrative region and map each GLW to its location. GeoCN covers 34 provincial-level administrative regions, 392 prefecture-level administrative regions, and 3,160 county-level administrative regions in China. The number of GLWs in GeoCN reaches 1,763,476, and the compressed file size is 117 MB. • A framework for constructing high-precision general GLWs datasets is proposed. • A Chinese geographical location word dataset (called GeoCN) is constructed. • GeoCN has more categories of location words, higher precision, and stronger universality. • GeoCN can support natural language processing and social network location inference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]