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In this study, we analyzed the hypothesis that the combination of Nitrospirillum amazonense strain BR11145 with biological fertilizer prepared using Microgeo® and native microbiome from location of the product application results in morphological and nutritional gains for the initial development of sugarcane plants and soil chemistry. For this purpose, pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings were grown in a greenhouse mesocosm experiment using soil amended with nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium fertilizer. The experimental treatments consisted of: 1) biological fertilizer with the addition of N. amazonense (100 mL ha-1), 2) biological fertilizer without the addition of N. amazonense, 3) inoculation with N. amazonense at a dose of 100 mL ha-1 with 2x108 viable cell mL-1, 4) inoculation with N. amazonense at a dose of 200 mL ha-1 with 2x108 viable cell mL-1, and 5) control, without the addition of biological fertilizer and N. amazonense. The biological fertilizer was applied at dose of 300 L ha-1, which was split at planting (200 L ha-1) and in the post-emergence phase (100 L ha-1). After 164 days of planting, it was detected an increase in leaf length +3, number of green leaves, leaf area and sulfur content in the leaves of sugarcane plants that received the biological fertilizer with the addition of N. amazonense. In conclusion, the combination of N. amazonense with biological fertilizer revealed positive effects through morphological and nutritional characteristics in sugarcane plants during their early stages of development when compared to plants grown only with the inoculation of N. amazonense, biological fertilizer or mineral fertilizers, with few notable positive effects on soil chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Response of foliar rates of macronutrients in corn under nitrogen fertilization and the effects of waste of co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybeans are evaluated. Soybean was planted in two treatments, namely, inoculation of seeds with Bradyrizobium japonicum, with and without co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, followed by corn. Treatments for corn crop consisted of a combination of residual inoculation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the residual co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense within the band (main factor) applied to soybean seeds and five doses of N (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) applied to second harvest, consorted with Urochloa ruziziensis in the splits (secondary factor). Foliar rate of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S for corn crops was determined. Efficiency of nitrogen usage (EUN), recovery of applied nitrogen (RNA), agronomic efficiency of applied N (EA) and physiological efficiency (EF) were determined. Data underwent analysis of variance and means of quality factor (inoculation) were compared by F test, whilst polynomial regression was applied for quantitative factor (N doses). Corn inoculation residue did not increase the rate of corn foliar N. However, there was an increase according to the dose of applied N. In the case of other nutrients (P, Ca, Mg), foliar increase of nutrients was detected in most doses when compared to co-inoculation and interaction between inoculation factors and N doses. There was no increase in K and S when compared to co-inoculation residue. Residual co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybean improves corn physiology cultivated in succession and generates plants with greater production potential coupled to greater stress tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]