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The temporal bone is a complicate structure which located on the lateral skull. The objective of the present study was to determine the temporal bone air spaces' morphometry, morphology, and pneumatization in Turkish healthy adult people. This retrospective observational study was carried out from 82 subjects (47 males, 35 females) aged 18-69 years. The external auditory canal and related structures' diameters and the volume of these areas were evaluated. The means and standard deviations of the Meatus acusticus externus length (MAEL), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea length (MAEcL), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea length (MAEoL), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea surface (MAEcS), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea surface (MAEoS), meatus acusticus externus volume (MAEV), meatus acusticus externus pars cartilaginea volume (MAEcV), meatus acusticus externus pars ossea volume (MAEoV), processus mastoideus air cells volume (PMACV), cavum tympani volume (CTV), and temporale pneumatic spaces volume (OTPSV) were found as 23.21±3.70 mm, 12.69±3.72 mm, 7.80±3.70 mm, 669.89±107.7 mm2, 267.50±30.51 mm2, 743.50±119.6 mm3, 971.97±156.69 mm3, 419.51±48.67 mm3, 5915.93±650.34 mm3, 673.48±91.93 mm3, 7813.34±717.49 mm3 have found in 82 subjects, respectively. In this paper, the morphometric and volume properties of the temporal bone cavities measurements were significantly higher in males than females. These results may both provide reference values of Turkish healthy population, and lead to decrease potential surgical complications about temporal and mastoid regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surgical operations regarding to skull base are challenging and reliable anatomical landmarks are required. There is a lack of knowledge on anatomical variations in this region. The aim of this study was to determine the safe extracranial landmarks for surgical approach to the skull base. In this study, 23 adult dry skulls were evaluated: the age and sex of the specimens were unknown. All measurements were taken from external surface of inferior aspect of the skull by using digital calipers accurate to 0.01 mm. In right and left sides; the distances between the external acoustic meatus (EAM) and the following anatomical landmarks were measured: articular tubercle (AT); anterior margin of squamous suture (ASS); superior margin of squamous suture (SSS); posterior margin of squamous suture (PSS); end point of styloid process (SP); midpoints of pterygomaxillary fissure (PMF); foramen ovale (FO); foramen spinosum (FS); and of carotid canal (CC). The distances of the external acoustic meatus to the anatomical structures on the right and left sides were: EAM-SP; 24.24±3.19 mm, 23.16±3.17 mm; EAM-PMF; 46.56±4.51mm, 46.25±3.96 mm; EAM-FO; 27.57±2.87 mm, 28.70±2.85 mm; EAM-FS; 22.53±3.19 mm, 22.72±3.47 mm; EAM-CC; 17.35±3.56 mm, 17.19±3.39 mm; EAM-AT; 19.31±3.79 mm, 18.95±3.42 mm; EAM-ASS; 43.14±4.80 mm, 46.82±4.61 mm; EAM-SSS; 49.17±4.74 mm, 48.83±3.34 mm and EAM-PSS; 36.15±4.24 mm, 35.39±4.25 mm, respectively. We think that the findings obtained from this study related to external acoustic meatus can be an important reference for surgical anatomy and surgical procedures in skull base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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