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Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Medicine / Medycyna Środowiskowa is the property of Witold Chodzki Institute of Rural Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Neurology / Aktualno?ci Neurologiczne is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Neurology / Aktualno?ci Neurologiczne is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Neurology / Aktualno?ci Neurologiczne is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Medicine / Medycyna Środowiskowa is the property of Witold Chodzki Institute of Rural Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this article was to review studies on the population of centenarians and supercentenarians, taking into account such aspects as multimorbidity, mechanisms of aging and cognitive performance. The article presents data from epidemiological studies, longitudinal studies and case studies indicating that in this age group it is possible for some individuals to maintain normal cognitive performance despite the presence of neuropathological changes characteristic of Alzheimer’s dementia. The integration of neuropathological findings and neuropsychological assessments may be useful in identifying subgroups of centenarian patients who are resistant to changes characteristic of dementia, which may be useful in studies of the mechanism of longevity. In the differential diagnosis of centenarian and elderly patients, it is necessary to consider hippocampal sclerosis. The characteristics of this disorder are presented, taking into account the neuropathological and neuropsychological profile. Data from studies indicate the similarity of cognitive impairment in hippocampal sclerosis and Alzheimer’s dementia, which may make the aforementioned conditions difficult to distinguish based on clinical examination alone. The article also presents data on history, observation, screening diagnosis and tests used in neuropsychological diagnosis in this age group in foreign studies, which may be useful in daily clinical practice. The review of studies indicates that dementia-free aging is possible, and therefore it is necessary to develop and use adequate tools to assess cognitive function in this age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Neurology / Aktualno?ci Neurologiczne is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dementia affects a significant portion of the population of elderly people and thus has become one of the most important health problems. At the same time, people with dementia are more likely to be also affected by concomitant diseases. Cardiovascular factors seem to be of particular importance. It has been shown that problems regarding blood pressure as well as lipid and carbohydrate metabolism play a crucial role for the rate of cognitive deterioration in elderly individuals in both vascular cognitive impairments and primary degenerative impairments (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). A clear relationship is observed between vascular pathology and degenerative processes in the brain. The period of life in which the exposure to cardiovascular factors occurs seems to be key, and these relationships are best documented in middle age. With aging, their importance as factors accelerating the progression of cognitive impairments seems to diminish, especially in Alzheimer-type dementia. Research on the importance of comorbidity in dementia processes may be crucial for the development of prevention and therapy programs for dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Quick insight into the patient's cognitive performance can measurably help in diagnostic support and planning further care for elderly patients. Due to the ever-increasing diagnostic requirements, it can be useful to use statistical machine learning systems related to the field of machine learning. The algorithm learns the relationship between input data (test score) and corresponding output variables (diagnosis). The aim of the study was to estimate how a given learning model would cope with the estimation of the cognitive performance of an elderly patient on the basis of data collected in medical records. The aim of the study was also to compare the models used. Material and methods: A retrospective review of the studies of 280 patients hospitalized at the Geriatric Hospital of John Paul II in Katowice in 2015-2019. Input data included biochemical indices, functional scale scores (ADL, IADL), comorbidities and sociodemographic variables. The total data was divided as follows: 2/3 study data, 1/3 test data. The following models were used: linear regression model, support vector machine, naive Bayes classifier, k-nearest neighbors method. Results: None of the models achieved satisfactory accuracy. The best results were obtained from the linear regression model with uniform data division (AUC = 0.57, ACC = 0.60) and the linear regression model with all data learning (AUC = 0.68, ACC = 0.67). Conclusions: Based on the collected parameters, a system of automatic inference about the patient's cognitive performance should not be built. The linear regression model requires further empirical verifications involving larger and more diverse groups on larger and more diverse groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Neurology / Aktualno?ci Neurologiczne is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)