Search

Background: Cryotherapy and electrosurgery are two commonly used methods to remove sebaceous hyperplasia, seborrheic keratosis, cherry angioma, and skin tags, which can be bothersome and uncomfortable. We compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of cryotherapy and electrosurgery in treating these skin conditions. Method: The study was conducted as an assessor‐blind trial. The 32 lesions in each lesion group were divided into two treatment groups, cryotherapy and electrosurgery, using sealed envelopes. We collected baseline information, which included age, gender, lesion location, and consent, from the patients. Follow‐up visits were scheduled at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after the initial treatment session to evaluate the response rate of the lesions. Based on before‐after clinical images, this evaluation encompassed patient and physician satisfaction (no change, little, somewhat, good, and excellent), and any potential complications. Results: The mean age of cryotherapy group was 52.04 ± 11.59 years, while the mean age in the electrosurgery group was 50.48 ± 10.70 years (p > 0.05). Regarding gender, 15 (23.4%) in the cryotherapy and 24 (37.5%) in the electrosurgery were female (p > 0.05). Physician and patient satisfaction increased significantly over time in the cryotherapy and electrosurgery groups (p < 0.001). For sebaceous hyperplasia, cherry angioma and skin tags, the degree of satisfaction of patients and physicians was significantly higher for electrosurgery than cryotherapy during follow‐up (p < 0.05). However, seborrheic keratosis responded better to cryotherapy. Hypopigmentation and depigmentation occurred in 2 (3.1%) and 4 (6.3%) of the cryotherapy cases, respectively. Hypopigmentation and atrophic scars also occurred in 4 (6.3%) and 2 (3.1%) of the cases in the electrosurgical group in different sessions. Conclusion: It appears that electrosurgery is more effective in the treatment of sebaceous hyperplasia, cherry angioma and skin tags, while cryotherapy is more effective in the treatment of seborrheic keratosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Cryotherapy and electrosurgery are two commonly used methods to remove sebaceous hyperplasia, seborrheic keratosis, cherry angioma, and skin tags, which can be bothersome and uncomfortable. We compare the effectiveness and adverse effects of cryotherapy and electrosurgery in treating these skin conditions. Method The study was conducted as an assessor‐blind trial. The 32 lesions in each lesion group were divided into two treatment groups, cryotherapy and electrosurgery, using sealed envelopes. We collected baseline information, which included age, gender, lesion location, and consent, from the patients. Follow‐up visits were scheduled at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after the initial treatment session to evaluate the response rate of the lesions. Based on before‐after clinical images, this evaluation encompassed patient and physician satisfaction (no change, little, somewhat, good, and excellent), and any potential complications. Results The mean age of cryotherapy group was 52.04 ± 11.59 years, while the mean age in the electrosurgery group was 50.48 ± 10.70 years (p > 0.05). Regarding gender, 15 (23.4%) in the cryotherapy and 24 (37.5%) in the electrosurgery were female (p > 0.05). Physician and patient satisfaction increased significantly over time in the cryotherapy and electrosurgery groups (p

Background: High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) has emerged as a precise and non-invasive modality for tissue ablation and healing. This study presents a detailed dermoscopic analysis of skin healing post-High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) treatment, focusing on common benign skin lesions, such as seborrheic keratosis, sebaceous hyperplasia, vascular lesions, and sebaceous nevi. Methods: Prior to HIFU treatment, a comprehensive assessment was conducted, integrating ultrasound scanning and clinical evaluations. The TOOsonix System ONE-M was employed for HIFU treatments, with parameters tailored to each lesion type. Results: A common pattern observed across all lesions includes initial whitening post treatment, followed by scab formation and the development of a pink area with reparative vessels. This study, however, highlights distinct differences in fibrosis patterns and healing timelines across different lesion types. Each lesion type exhibited unique fibrosis patterns post treatment. Flatter variants of seborrheic keratosis healed within a month, displaying hypopigmentation and reparative vessels, alongside a distinct lattice fibrosis pattern in more verrucous forms, which took about two months to heal. Sebaceous hyperplasia, characterized by rapid healing within three weeks, demonstrated fibrosis with pink areas and perpendicular white lines, concluding with a slight depression. Vascular lesions varied in healing time based on depth, with superficial ones showing whitening and crust formation, while deeper lesions had vessel occlusion and size reduction accompanied by concentric fibrotic bands. Sebaceous nevi presented the longest healing duration of three months, characterized by amorphous white-gray structures, scab formation, and the emergence of pink areas with branching vessels, leading to clear skin with reduced white lines. Conclusions: in conclusion, this meticulous clinical evaluation highlights the unique healing characteristics and timelines for each skin lesion type treated with HIFU. These insights are invaluable for optimizing follow-up assessments, identifying potential complications, and refining treatment protocols. By providing detailed insights into the healing timelines and patterns for different types of lesions, patients can be better informed about their post-treatment journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background This observational study aims to describe and compare histopathological, architectural, and nuclear characteristics of sebaceous lesions and utilized these characteristics to develop a predictive classification approach using machine learning algorithms. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on Iranian patients with sebaceous tumors from two hospitals between March 2015 and March 2019. Pathology slides were reviewed by two pathologists and the architectural and cytological attributes were recorded. Multiple decision tree models were trained using 5-fold cross validation to determine the most important predictor variables and to develop a simple prediction model. Results This study assessed the characteristics of 123 sebaceous tumors. Histopathological findings, including pagetoid appearance, neurovascular invasion, atypical mitosis, extensive necrotic area, poor cell differentiation, and non-lobular tumor growth pattern, as well as nuclear features, including highly irregular nuclear contour, and large nuclear size were exclusively observed in carcinomatous tumors. Among non-carcinomatous lesions, some sebaceoma and sebaceous adenoma cases had features like high mitotic activity, which can be misleading and complicate diagnosis. Based on multiple decision tree models, the five most critical variables for lesion categorization were identified as: basaloid cell count, peripheral basaloid cell layers, tumor margin, nuclear size, and chromatin. Conclusions This study implemented a machine learning modeling approach to help optimally categorize sebaceous lesions based on architectural and nuclear features. However, studies of larger sample sizes are needed to ensure the accuracy of our suggested predictive model.

Background: Dermoscopy is a useful, noninvasive technique also used to assess sebaceous lesions in humans. Sebaceous hyperplasia, sebaceous adenoma and sebaceous epithelioma are common cutaneous lesions in dogs; however, their dermoscopic features have not been investigated. Hypothesis/Objectives: The objectives of this study are to describe the dermoscopic features of canine sebaceous lesions and to assess the interobserver agreement on dermoscopic parameters. Animals: Thirty‐four lesions excised from 17 client‐owned dogs, histologically confirmed as sebaceous proliferations, were included in this study. Materials and Methods: Sebaceous lesions were evaluated in vivo at ×10 magnification with a handheld dermoscope. Each dermoscopic image was assessed independently by two ECVD board‐certified veterinary referral clinicians and an ECVD resident. Results: Thirty sebaceous hyperplasias, two sebaceous adenomas and two sebaceous epitheliomas were included. Dermoscopically, most lesions (91%) had single or multiple, well‐defined, white‐yellowish structures composed of grouped ovoid areas (clods). Irregular linear and, less commonly, arborising vessels were detected at the periphery of the yellow lobular‐like structures in 93% of sebaceous hyperplasias and in 50% of neoplastic lesions. Erosions were seen in 6% of sebaceous hyperplasias and 50% of neoplastic lesions. Good interobserver agreement was found for white/yellowish clods (k = 0.75), yellow scales (k = 0.83), brown/grey dots (k = 0.80), erosions (k = 0.82) and red/brownish scales/crusts (k = 0.75). There was moderate agreement for fissures (k = 0.48) and vascular pattern (k = 0.51–0.53). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Dermoscopy represents a useful technique to assess sebaceous gland proliferations in dogs, as it is in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Erbium-YAG laser has been the working horse in dermatology for years. Surprisingly, data on the efficacy and adverse effects of this novel resurfacing and ablative technique of erbium-YAG laser for superficial dermatoses in Indian skin is limited. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of erbium-YAG laser ablation in superficial cutaneous lesions. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty patients of various superficial dermatoses, treatable by erbium-YAG laser, were recruited in the study. All the patients were subjected to erbium-YAG laser sessions. The number of laser sessions, fluence, frequency and other parameters were individualized as per the respective dermatosis. The clinical response was evaluated as grade 4 (100% lesion clearance), grade 3 (75–99%), grade 2 (50–75%) or grade 1 (<50%). Results: The overall mean age of our study group was 37.70 years. In our study, 52.38% cases of verruca plana, 36.84% cases of seborrheic keratosis, 56.4% cases of xanthelasma palpebrarum, 22% cases of acquired melanocytic nevus, 23.8% cases of plantar wart and 40% cases of sebaceous hyperplasia showed complete clearance. The most common adverse effect was post-laser erythema in 50.4% of cases, followed by pain in 36.8%. Besides this, scarring and dyspigmentation were observed in 11.6% and 12% of cases, respectively. The rate of recurrence on 3 months follow-up was 9 (23.07%) cases in xanthelasma palpebrarum, 11 (28.9%) cases in seborrheic keratosis, 10 (23.8%) cases in verruca plana and 9 (42.8%) cases in plantar warts. Conclusion: This study suggested that erbium-YAG ablation achieved good results for superficial lesions like verruca plana, seborrheic keratosis, xanthelasma palpebrarum, plantar wart, sebaceous hyperplasia and acquired melanocytic nevus. Thus, Er: YAG laser can offer a one-step procedure with better cosmetic results and a lesser rate of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This observational study aims to describe and compare histopathological, architectural, and nuclear characteristics of sebaceous lesions and utilized these characteristics to develop a predictive classification approach using machine learning algorithms. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on Iranian patients with sebaceous tumors from two hospitals between March 2015 and March 2019. Pathology slides were reviewed by two pathologists and the architectural and cytological attributes were recorded. Multiple decision tree models were trained using 5-fold cross validation to determine the most important predictor variables and to develop a simple prediction model. Results: This study assessed the characteristics of 123 sebaceous tumors. Histopathological findings, including pagetoid appearance, neurovascular invasion, atypical mitosis, extensive necrotic area, poor cell differentiation, and non-lobular tumor growth pattern, as well as nuclear features, including highly irregular nuclear contour, and large nuclear size were exclusively observed in carcinomatous tumors. Among non-carcinomatous lesions, some sebaceoma and sebaceous adenoma cases had features like high mitotic activity, which can be misleading and complicate diagnosis. Based on multiple decision tree models, the five most critical variables for lesion categorization were identified as: basaloid cell count, peripheral basaloid cell layers, tumor margin, nuclear size, and chromatin. Conclusions: This study implemented a machine learning modeling approach to help optimally categorize sebaceous lesions based on architectural and nuclear features. However, studies of larger sample sizes are needed to ensure the accuracy of our suggested predictive model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Erbium-YAG laser has been the working horse in dermatology for years. Surprisingly, data on the efficacy and adverse effects of this novel resurfacing and ablative technique of erbium-YAG laser for superficial dermatoses in Indian skin is limited. Aim and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of erbium-YAG laser ablation in superficial cutaneous lesions. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty patients of various superficial dermatoses, treatable by erbium-YAG laser, were recruited in the study. All the patients were subjected to erbium-YAG laser sessions. The number of laser sessions, fluence, frequency and other parameters were individualized as per the respective dermatosis. The clinical response was evaluated as grade 4 (100% lesion clearance), grade 3 (75–99%), grade 2 (50–75%) or grade 1 (

Sebaceous neoplasms describe a group of tumors with sebaceous differentiation commonly seen in lesions located primarily in the face and neck. The majority of these lesions are benign, while malignant neoplasms with sebaceous differentiation are uncommon. Sebaceous tumors present a strong association with the Muir–Torre Syndrome. Patients suspected with this syndrome should undergo neoplasm excision, followed by histopathologic and additional immunohistochemistry and genetics examinations. Clinical and dermoscopic features of the sebaceous neoplasms, as well as management procedures collected from the literature analysis regarding sebaceous carcinoma, sebaceoma/sebaceous adenoma, and sebaceous hyperplasia are described in the current review. A special note is made for describing the Muir–Torre Syndrome in patients presenting multiple sebaceous tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The rapidly adapting neonatal skin, being anatomically and physiologically distinct from an adult, may exhibit a variety of entities, ranging from mild self-limiting to the severe life-threatening ones. The transition of neonatal skin from an aqueous to an air-dominant environment results in various changes, both physiological and pathological. Physiological and pathological dermatoses should be differentiated to avoid unnecessary treatment and psychological distress to parents. The present study was carried out to determine prevalence and patterns of physiological cutaneous manifestations among early neonates in western Rajasthan. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based, descriptive, observational study was carried at a tertiary care hospital over a period of 1 year. After due informed consent, total of 5000 early neonates delivered during this time were included in the study. A detailed history was taken and dermatological examination of each neonate was carried out. Laboratory procedures were performed to confirm diagnosis if required. Data were collected in a predesigned pro forma. Results: Out of 5000 newborns, 64.96% were male and 35.04% female. Ninety-two percentage had physiological changes and 21% had pathological changes. The physiological skin changes observed in order of frequency were sebaceous hyperplasia (65.32%), milia (51.12%), physiological desquamation (41.02%), vernix (35%), and physiological jaundice (9.32%). Cutis marmorata, harlequin skin changes, and lanugo hair were seen more in low-birth weight and preterm neonates. Conclusion: Most of the early neonatal dermatoses are physiological and transient in nature. Hence, it is important to identify and differentiate them from other serious conditions, thereby avoiding unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and provide reassurance to overenthusiastic dermatologists, pediatricians, and parents.

Sebaceous hyperplasia is a benign condition characterized by an overgrowth of sebaceous glands, often presenting as small, soft, yellowish papules on areas rich in sebaceous glands, such as the face. While the condition is harmless, it can mimic other dermatological conditions, such as basal cell carcinoma. This case report describes a 71-year-old female with sebaceous hyperplasia presenting as wart-like lesions and whiteheads on the forehead and cheek regions. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis, revealing lobules of sebaceous glands arranged around a central duct in a fibrous stroma., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Prabhu Venkatesh et al.)

Sebaceous neoplasms describe a group of tumors with sebaceous differentiation commonly seen in lesions located primarily in the face and neck. The majority of these lesions are benign, while malignant neoplasms with sebaceous differentiation are uncommon. Sebaceous tumors present a strong association with the Muir–Torre Syndrome. Patients suspected with this syndrome should undergo neoplasm excision, followed by histopathologic and additional immunohistochemistry and genetics examinations. Clinical and dermoscopic features of the sebaceous neoplasms, as well as management procedures collected from the literature analysis regarding sebaceous carcinoma, sebaceoma/sebaceous adenoma, and sebaceous hyperplasia are described in the current review. A special note is made for describing the Muir–Torre Syndrome in patients presenting multiple sebaceous tumors.

Introduction: The rapidly adapting neonatal skin, being anatomically and physiologically distinct from an adult, may exhibit a variety of entities, ranging from mild self-limiting to the severe life-threatening ones. The transition of neonatal skin from an aqueous to an air-dominant environment results in various changes, both physiological and pathological. Physiological and pathological dermatoses should be differentiated to avoid unnecessary treatment and psychological distress to parents. The present study was carried out to determine prevalence and patterns of physiological cutaneous manifestations among early neonates in western Rajasthan. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based, descriptive, observational study was carried at a tertiary care hospital over a period of 1 year. After due informed consent, total of 5000 early neonates delivered during this time were included in the study. A detailed history was taken and dermatological examination of each neonate was carried out. Laboratory procedures were performed to confirm diagnosis if required. Data were collected in a predesigned pro forma. Results: Out of 5000 newborns, 64.96% were male and 35.04% female. Ninety-two percentage had physiological changes and 21% had pathological changes. The physiological skin changes observed in order of frequency were sebaceous hyperplasia (65.32%), milia (51.12%), physiological desquamation (41.02%), vernix (35%), and physiological jaundice (9.32%). Cutis marmorata, harlequin skin changes, and lanugo hair were seen more in low-birth weight and preterm neonates. Conclusion: Most of the early neonatal dermatoses are physiological and transient in nature. Hence, it is important to identify and differentiate them from other serious conditions, thereby avoiding unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and provide reassurance to overenthusiastic dermatologists, pediatricians, and parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]