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Background: The number of prehypertension patients will always be higher than hypertension patients; this is supported by the prevalence of prehypertension being 48.40% according to JNC 7, and hypertension being 34.10% according to Basic Health Research in 2018. Coffee consumption and sleep quality were risk factors that are closely related to the lifestyle of students, this is also reinforced by the number of 24-hour coffee outlets that are open around Universitas Airlangga. Purpose: This aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between coffee consumption and sleep quality on the incidence of prehypertension in final year Universitas Airlangga students. Methods: This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design and uses the Chi-square test. The samples consisted of 146 people, which were taken using a simple random sampling method. Data collection was carried out through an online questionnaire. This study involved coffee consumption and sleep quality as independent variables and the incidence of prehypertension in final year Universitas Airlangga students as the dependent variable. Results: There is a correlation between coffee consumption (p=0.00) and sleep quality (p=0.01) with prehypertension in final year Universitas Airlangga students. Coffee consumption has a 2,47 times greater risk and sleep quality has a 2,09 times greater risk of prehypertension in final year Universitas Airlangga students. Conclusion: Poor coffee consumption and sleep quality are related with prehypertension in final year Universitas Airlangga students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) defines probiotics as "live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host." A number of scientific reports show that their effects extend beyond the immune and gastrointestinal systems, and that poor sleep quality and insomnia are an increasingly important social problem. Studies indicate that 30-50% of adults experience sleep problems. Sleep deficiencies are associated with higher rates of obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, mental health disorders and increased risk of death. One promising way to help treat sleep problems is through the use of probiotics. Interaction through the gut-brain axis suggests that altering the gut microbiota may become a useful tool for improving sleep quality. Aim of the study The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effectiveness of probiotics in improving sleep quality and treating insomnia. Materials and Methodology PubMed and Google Scholar databases were analyzed. Articles were searched in English using the following keywords: probiotics; sleep quality. Results Probiotics resulted in a favorable cumulative effect on sleep quality as measured by the PSQI global questionnaire and a statistically significant positive effect on at least one of the components characterizing sleep quality (i.e., sleep latency, sleep length, sleep disturbance, daytime sleepiness). They allow to maintain a high percentage of slow-wave sleep, despite stressors, and indirectly affect sleep quality in athletes by reducing muscle soreness. Conclusion The results of studies to date indicate that probiotics are an effective, safe and clinically sound adjunctive method for improving sleep quality and treating insomnia. However, these studies are at an early stage and require further efforts using larger research groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected human beings worldwide. After recovery from the disease, the pulmonary function and physiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients are not well documented. The current study aims to assess post-COVID-19 lung function, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality within three months after recovery from the disease. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients (21 outpatients and 76 inpatients) with COVID-19 were followed three months after recovery. They were divided into two groups according to the severity of the disease. The spirometric parameters included FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC. A 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) was recorded. Besides, sleep quality using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and mood status in two dimensions of anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were compared between the groups. Results: More than 70% of the studied population presented at least one of the COVID-19 infection-related symptoms within three months after recovery. spirometric measurements revealed non-significant differences between the patients with severe versus non-severe COVID-19 in terms of FVC (P=0.805), FEV1 (P=0.948), FEV1/FVC (P=0.616), and 6MWT (P=0.409). Based on PSQI, sleep quality was significantly associated with the severity of disease (P=0.031), but HADS assessments were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients have corona symptoms and abnormal pulmonary function tests three months after recovery. Besides, sleep quality was considerably affected by the severity of the disease and was directly associated with the post-COVID-19 mood of the patients. It seems necessary to consider and control the long-term consequences of this infection regardless of the disease severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder often face challenges with sleep disturbances and adverse body composition changes, impacting their well-being. Method: This 8-week study involved 59 boys aged 7 to 15 diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Tehran. The treatment group received daily omega-3 capsules (360 mg DHA, 720 mg EPA), while the control group received a placebo. Body composition was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis method. Sleep patterns were tracked using a GT3X activity monitor for 7 days pre and post-intervention. Dietary intake was assessed through recall interviews. SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis, including independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and adjusted regression tests to assess treatment effects, controlling for age and baseline values. Result: Omega-3 supplementation increased sleep duration by 9.13 minutes (P = .02; Z=-2.2) and decreased protein intake by 1.7% (p=.03; T=2.14) compared to placebo. However, no significant changes were noted in other sleeprelated factors. The intervention group showed a 3.4% increase in carbohydrate intake (p=.07; [-.37-7.27]) compared to placebo, with no significant differences in body composition measures between the two groups postintervention. Conclusion: Spectrum Disorder following omega-3 supplementation compared to the placebo group. Additionally, the omega-3 group exhibited higher carbohydrate intake and decreased protein consumption in their daily diet post-intervention. These findings suggest a potential benefit of omega-3 supplementation for improving sleep duration in ASD, highlighting the importance of further research with larger sample sizes and longer intervention periods to confirm and expand upon these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]