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Your search keyword '"subcutaneous adipose-tissue"' showing total 3 results
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3 results on '"subcutaneous adipose-tissue"'

1. Serum metabolomics profiling by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals sexual dimorphism and masculinization of intermediate metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Escobar-Morreale, HF; Martínez-García, MA; Insenser, M; Cañellas, N; Correig, X; Luque-Ramírez, M, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Escobar-Morreale, HF; Martínez-García, MA; Insenser, M; Cañellas, N; Correig, X; Luque-Ramírez, M

Abstract

Background: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance, obesity and cardiometabolic comorbidities. We here challenged the hypothesis, using state-of-the art proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolomics profiling, that androgen excess in women induces also a certain masculinization of intermediate metabolism that is modulated by obesity. Methods: Participants were 53 Caucasian young adults, including 17 women with classic PCOS consisting of hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction, 17 non-hyperandrogenic women presenting with regular menses, and 19 healthy men, selected in order to be similar in terms of age and body mass index (BMI). Half of the subjects had obesity defined by a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2. Subjects maintained the same diet unrestricted in carbohydrates for 3 days before sampling and maintained their lifestyle and exercise patterns prior and during the study. Plasma samples were submitted to proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolomics profiling. Results: Obesity associated a metabolomics profile mainly characterized by increased branched chain and aromatic aminoacids. Regardless of obesity, this unfavorable profile also characterized men as compared with control women, and was shared by women with PCOS. Notably, the negative impact of obesity on metabolomics profile was restricted to women, with obese men showing no further deterioration when compared with their non-obese counterparts. Conclusions: Serum metabolomics profiling by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals sexual dimorphism, and masculinization of intermediate metabolism in women with PCOS, further suggesting a role for sex and sex hormones in the regulation of intermediate metabolism.

Published
2023

2. Preventing White Adipocyte Browning during Differentiation In Vitro: The Effect of Differentiation Protocols on Metabolic and Mitochondrial Phenotypes

Author

Elena Herbers, Mimmi Patrikoski, Anita Wagner, Riikka Jokinen, Antti Hassinen, Sini Heinonen, Susanna Miettinen, Hilkka Peltoniemi, Eija Pirinen, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen, CAMM - Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Research Programs Unit, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Eija Pirinen / Principal Investigator, HUS Abdominal Center, Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Tampere University, BioMediTech, and Tays Research Services

Subjects
DYNAMICS, FATTY-ACID OXIDATION, Article Subject, ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-GAMMA, BIOGENESIS, THYROID-HORMONE, Cell Biology, DYSFUNCTION, MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS, INDOMETHACIN, 1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology, 3111 Biomedicine, SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE-TISSUE, Molecular Biology, GENE-EXPRESSION
Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction in white adipose tissue is strongly associated with obesity and its metabolic complications, which are important health challenges worldwide. Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hASCs) are a promising tool to investigate the underlying mechanisms of such mitochondrial dysfunction and to subsequently provide knowledge for the development of treatments for obesity-related pathologies. A substantial obstacle in using hASCs is that the key compounds for adipogenic differentiation in vitro increase mitochondrial uncoupling, biogenesis, and activity, which are the signature features of brown adipocytes, thus altering the white adipocyte phenotype towards brown-like cells. Additionally, commonly used protocols for hASC adipogenic differentiation exhibit high variation in their composition of media, and a systematic comparison of their effect on mitochondria is missing. Here, we compared the five widely used adipogenic differentiation protocols for their effect on metabolic and mitochondrial phenotypes to identify a protocol that enables in vitro differentiation of white adipocytes and can more faithfully recapitulate the white adipocyte phenotype observed in human adipose tissue. We developed a workflow that included functional assays and morphological analysis of mitochondria and lipid droplets. We observed that triiodothyronine- or indomethacin-containing media and commercially available adipogenic media induced browning during in vitro differentiation of white adipocytes. However, the differentiation protocol containing 1 μM of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist rosiglitazone prevented the browning effect and would be proposed for adipogenic differentiation protocol for hASCs to induce a white adipocyte phenotype. Preserving the white adipocyte phenotype in vitro is a crucial step for the study of obesity and associated metabolic diseases, adipose tissue pathologies, such as lipodystrophies, possible therapeutic compounds, and basic adipose tissue physiology. publishedVersion

Published
2022
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