Search

In 1998–2002, field studies of the Karshi-Bair necropolis, located near the village of Verkhne-Sadovoye, were conducted. The burial structures are represented by vaults, undercut and underground graves, dug in dense soil. Many materials have been published (so far only in a preliminary plan) and entered the arsenal of historiography. A variety of inventory – red lacquer and hand-made pottery, glassware, beads, metal fibulas, buckles, mirrors, pendants, toilet set, etc. It was possible to determine these artefacts, belonging to the Alans, and to establish the chronological framework of burials within the V – beginning of the VII centuries. Its consideration makes it possible to correct the ethnopolitical situation in the Southwestern Crimea. The population that left it, during the era of the Hunnic campaigns, did not moved deep into the peninsula, but remained in the foothill part, experiencing a strong influence Chersonese – Kherson as the most important center of late Antique culture. Part of the inventory is related to the era of the First Turkic Khaganate. It is planned to publish all the materials of the excavations and discuss them in a broad context antiquities of the western part of Eurasia. As a result, the Karshi-Bair necropolis should take its original place among the sites of the Migration period.

Статья посвящена типологическому и хронологическому анализу предметов, обнаруженных в 1999 г. в пещере в северной части седловины горы Развалки (район Кавказских Минеральных Вод). Всего обнаружено около 20 предметов, в числе которых: фрагменты железного меча, включая ромбическое перекрестие; фрагменты железного кинжала; серебряная Г-образная скоба от устья ножен меча; железный топор с узким, слегка выгнутым лезвием и невыделенным обухом (втулка выступает ниже края лезвия); несколько пряжек, в т.ч. серебряные с треугольным щитком, с округлым щитком и со щитком в форме трилистника, украшенным накладкой из тонкого золотого листа с кабошонами из граната (альмандина?); серебряное блюдо на поддоне, украшенное чеканным растительным орнаментом; бронзовая полусферическая чаша; медный клёпанный котел; фрагменты железной очажной цепи из восьмёрковидных звеньев с крюками; фрагменты крюка для вытаскивания мяса и черпака. Большинство предметов дают широкие даты комплекса в пределах IV—VI вв. Ряд предметов имеет достаточно узкие датировки: топор (IV — первая половина V в.), детали поясной гарнитуры (пряжки с треугольным и округлым щитками — вторая половина IV — вторая половина V в., пряжка с выступающим язычком, с альмандинами на щитке в форме трилистника — первая половина — середина V в.). Они являются маркёрами принадлежности комплекса к первой половине —середине V в. Престижный характер большинства изделий —полный набор вооружения (меч, кинжал, топор и наконечник копья с уплощенным пером, обилие предметов из драгоценных металлов (скоба от ножен, пряжки, блюдо), в т.ч. декорированных кабошонами, уникальность чаши, а также разнообразие изделий, связанных, скорее всего, с культом домашнего очага (котёл, очажная цепь и др.) позволяют относить данный комплекс к захоронению представителя княжеского рода.

Copyright of Plural: History, Culture, Society is the property of Faculty of History & Geography, 'Ion Creanga' State Pedagogical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article summarizes the results of a comprehensive landscape-archaeological study of the dynamics of human-environmental interaction in the Middle Sura region during the first millennium AD. The data resulted from the study of the River Sura floodplain at the former confluence of the Sura and the Malaya Sarka. The analysis of the sediments and buried soils indicates that the period between the first millennium BC and the first millennium AD saw a series of climatic cycles changing each other, with the floodplain periodically being available for various types of economic development. The Early Iron Age (first millennium BC – 2nd–3rd centuries AD) saw the formation of grey forest soils in the part of the floodplain under study. During this period, the area remained uninhabited, while the population was involved in the development of the elevated terraces and riverbanks. In contrast, in the second quarter of the first millennium AD the floodplain covered at the time by broadleaf forest had the most favorable conditions for settlement; the area was developed by the population that belonged to the Middle Volga variant of the Kiev culture. Their economic activity resulted in the gradual deforestation of the floodplain, with meadow landscapes arising instead of the forest. The second half of the 5th century saw drastic intensification of the floods and an increased runoff. The sites assigned to this period represent the developed stage of the Imen´kovo culture; these were located on the elevated terraces. The new stage of low flooding dates to the medieval period (8th–13th centuries), the soils bearing traces of steppe formation and subsequent development of the floodplain. Later, in the late Middle Age and the early Modern period, tillage shifted to watersheds and intensified, while the accumulation of layered alluvial deposits on the floodplain started again, with frequent and intense floods taking place. The study of the dynamics of the moistening of the Sura floodplain is asynchronous with the data of other studied regions of the Russian Plain, which raises the question of a relationship between the availability of floodplains for economic development and migration processes.