1. Transcranial Photobiomodulation with Near-Infrared Light from Childhood to Elderliness: Simulation of Dosimetry
- Author
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Paolo Cassano, Matthew Pias, Yaoshen Yuan, and Qianqian Fang
- Subjects
Paper ,transcranial photobiomodulation ,optical dosimetry ,Neuroscience (miscellaneous) ,Ventromedial prefrontal cortex ,Electroencephalography ,Light delivery ,01 natural sciences ,010309 optics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Age groups ,mental disorders ,0103 physical sciences ,medicine ,Dosimetry ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Prefrontal cortex ,Near infrared light ,major depressive disorder ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Monte Carlo methods ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,medicine.disease ,Research Papers ,Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Major depressive disorder ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
SignificanceMajor depressive disorder (MDD) affects over 40 million US adults in their lifetimes. Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) has been shown to be effective in treating MDD, but the current treatment dosage does not account for anatomical head and brain changes due to aging.AimWe study effective t-PBM dosage and its variations across age groups using state-of-the-art Monte Caxrlo (MC) simulations and age-dependent brain atlases ranging between 5 to 85 years of age.ApproachAge-dependent brain models are derived from 18 MRI brain atlases. Two extracranial source positions, F3-F4 and Fp1-Fpz-Fp2 in the EEG 10-20 system, are simulated at five selected wavelengths and energy depositions at two MDD-relevant cortical regions – dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) – are quantified.ResultsAn overall decrease of energy deposition was found with increasing age. A strong negative correlation between the thickness of extra-cerebral tissues (ECT) and energy deposition, suggesting that increasing ECT thickness over age is primarily responsible for reduced energy delivery. The F3-F4 position appears to be more efficient in reaching dlPFC compared to treating vmPFC via the Fp1-Fpz-Fp2 position.ConclusionQuantitative simulations revealed age-dependent light delivery across the lifespan of human brains, suggesting the needs for personalized and age-adaptive t-PBM treatment planning.
- Published
- 2020