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Interfacial interaction of water with guanidinium chloride (GdmCl) is crucial to understanding protein solubility and denaturing mechanism. However, molecularly resolved parameters such as polar and dispersive surface energy components of water-GdmCl mixtures remain unknown. Here, we developed a method to determine water-GdmCl mixture surface tension and its components using four different substrates including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), silicone, polyethylene, and polystyrene. Results show all six combinations, PDMS-silicone, PDMS-polystyrene, PDMS-polyethylene, silicone-polyethylene, silicone-polystyrene, and polyethylene-polystyrene can estimate similar trend of total surface tension, polar and dispersive components with respect to salt concentration changes. Silicone-polyethylene pairs yield the most accurate surface tension compared to others because silicone and polyethylene have large distinctive surface energy differences. Results show that polar components increase from 51 mJ / m 2 to 64 mJ / m 2 when salt concentration increases; dispersive components decrease from 21 mJ / m 2 to 15 mJ / m 2 when salt concentration increases. Total surface tension increases from 72.8 mJ / m 2 to 78.1 mJ / m 2 when GdmCl increases from 0% to 40 wt%. The results of this study can elucidate molecular interaction between water and GdmCl. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interfacial interaction of water with guanidinium chloride (GdmCl) is crucial to understanding protein solubility and denaturing mechanism. However, molecularly resolved parameters such as polar and dispersive surface energy components of water-GdmCl mixtures remain unknown. Here, we developed a method to determine water-GdmCl mixture surface tension and its components using four different substrates including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), silicone, polyethylene, and polystyrene. Results show all six combinations, PDMS-silicone, PDMS-polystyrene, PDMS-polyethylene, silicone-polyethylene, silicone-polystyrene, and polyethylene-polystyrene can estimate similar trend of total surface tension, polar and dispersive components with respect to salt concentration changes. Silicone-polyethylene pairs yield the most accurate surface tension compared to others because silicone and polyethylene have large distinctive surface energy differences. Results show that polar components increase from 51 mJ / m 2 to 64 mJ / m 2 when salt concentration increases; dispersive components decrease from 21 mJ / m 2 to 15 mJ / m 2 when salt concentration increases. Total surface tension increases from 72.8 mJ / m 2 to 78.1 mJ / m 2 when GdmCl increases from 0% to 40 wt%. The results of this study can elucidate molecular interaction between water and GdmCl. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the exposed shortcomings of steel structures containing collapse at high temperature, severe corrosion phenomenon and susceptibility to pollution have gradually restricted their widespread applications in the significant fields of national economy. Aimed at overcoming these crucial problems, this paper was inspired by the superhydrophobic phenomenon on the surface of lotus leaves that the environmental and multifunction-integrated coatings with concave-convex scale-like micro-nanostructures were fabricated via one-step spraying method. Among the chemical composition of coatings, epoxy resin (EP) and silicone resin (SR) can act as the composite binders with good adhesion and hydrophobicity for attaching the fillers to the substrates. And the fillers composed of cyclodextrin-based flame retardant (MCDPM) and expandable graphite (EG) will exert the bidirectional action in fabricating the rough surface microstructure and enhancing the fire resistance of coatings. The results have revealed that as-prepared coatings exhibit low-adhesion super-hydrophobicity with the water contact angle (WCA) of 153.9° and the water sliding angle (WSA) of 8° that will induce a series of excellent performance in self-cleaning and corrosion resistance. In addition, good chemical stability and environmental durability have been simultaneously achieved for superhydrophobic coatings. Most of all, the exceptional fire protection ability of the designed coatings has been verified. Accompanied by the advanced formation of dense, continuous and high-yield char layers, the backside temperature of coated steel plate has been reduced to 269 °C during 1 h fire burning tests, which is far less than the critical collapse temperature of bare steel structure. Accordingly, compared to EP/SR coatings, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release rate (THR) of the EP/SR-3 coatings are decreased by 68.8% and 96.6%, interpreting the intensified fire safety of coated steel structure. And the potential condensed flame-retardant mechanism has been further inferred and illustrated by systematically analyzing the combustion residue. Consequently, this paper has explored a straightforward route to address the issues of multiple defects for steel structures that extend the in-depth application in real-world fields. [Display omitted] • Superhydrophobic coatings were fabricated via spraying method. • As-prepared coatings possess good self-cleaning, anti-fouling and anti-corrosion properties. • Good durability of as-prepared coatings are achieved. • Backside temperature of coated steel is lowered to 269 °C, manifesting the excellent fire protection ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aimed at getting rid of the complicated preparation procedure, multi-functional superhydrophobic coatings inspired by natural plants have been successfully constructed on different matrix via a facile and effective spraying technology in this paper. The innovation of this paper lies in directly employing the unmodified fillers to establish the superhydrophobic coatings system with high performance. The results have revealed that the water contact angle (WCA) and water sliding angle (WSA) of as-prepared coatings can reach 155.4° and 8°, confirming the superhydrophobicity with low surface adhesion is achieved. And the potential superhydrophobic mechanism can be ascribed to the enrichment of low surface energy components on the homogeneous and rough grain structure of as-prepared coatings. Simultaneously, as-prepared coatings have exhibited the good self-cleaning property, anti-fouling property, and anti-icing property. Surprisingly, the mechanical stability of superhydrophobic coatings can be maintained after 50 cycles during the friction experiments. And the oil-water separation ability for the coated metal meshes was also obtained with high separation efficiency of 95%. Moreover, the anti-corrosion ability was also systematically investigated and its potential anti-corrosion mechanism of superhydrophobic coatings is primarily deduced. Therefore, the multifunctional and robust superhydrophobic coatings with biomimetic structure were established via a simple strategy, which is expected to be applied in field of metal corrosion and protection and multi-functional surface material in the future. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]