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Existing studies have shown that environmental tax reform (ETR) in China has a significant effect on green innovation (GI), but there is no in-depth study on the heterogeneous effects of different types of green innovation. Using the data of listed companies in China's high-pollution manufacturing industry from 2012 to 2020, this paper adopts the difference in differences (DID) method to study the differentiation effect of ETR's signal effect and resource crowding-out effect on different green innovation. The empirical results indicate that ETR may significantly improve green product innovation through signaling effect, while reducing green process innovation through resource crowding-out effect. Further moderating effect studies show that enterprises with high institutional corporation social responsibility (ICSR) strengthens the positive effect of ETR on green product innovation. However, enterprises with high technical corporation social responsibility (TCSR) enhances the negative impact of ETR on green process innovation. This paper offers valuable implications for government green governance and enterprises' green transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researches on the Porter hypothesis have paid more attention to the effect of the external constraint force of environmental regulation on green total factor productivity (GTFP), while ignoring the effect of internal force of market competition on GTFP. Using the panel data of Chinese manufacturing industries, this paper measures China's GTFP with the global frontier MML index which is based on the EBM model. The paper then studies the effect of environmental regulation and market competition on GTFP. The combined effect of environmental regulation and market competition on enhancing GTFP is further investigated. The results are as follows: 1) The GTFP of the manufacturing industry has progressed during the study period and the progress of green technology plays a crucial role in promoting GTFP improvement. 2) The environmental regulation and market competition both have an obvious nonlinear effect of U-type on GTFP. Relying solely on the external constraint force of environmental regulation or the internal force of market competition does not promote the improvement of GTFP quickly. 3) As for the combined effect, improving market competition is beneficial to the positive effect of environmental regulation on GTFP. Market competition and environmental regulation show a significant combined positive effect, accelerating the arrival of environmental regulation inflection point. Thus the rapid improvement of GTFP requires the combined effect to be effectively exerted. However, only when the level of environmental regulation is strong or the level of market competition is high can a combined positive effect appear. The conclusion provides China with a meaningful reference for better implementing the policy of environmental regulation and market-oriented reforms to promote green economic transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the framework of the "double carbon" strategy in China, green finance has emerged as a crucial factor in restructuring the economic landscape. This paper explores the impact of green finance on labor allocation between polluting and green industries and reveals that enterprises for which green credit is available tend to employ a greater number of workers, particularly those with higher skill levels. Mechanism analysis suggests this phenomenon can be attributed to an increase in new capital and capital-skill complementarity. Heterogeneity analysis further demonstrates that green credit plays a more pronounced role in optimizing the composition of skilled personnel in green private enterprises. The findings of this paper shed light on the relationship between capital and labor at the enterprise level and provide a foundation for formulating monetary policies that guide the low-carbon transformation of polluting enterprises, in order to reach the objective of "stabilizing enterprises and ensuring employment". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green technology innovation plays an important role in achieving high-quality economic development in China. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the effect of the Energy-consuming Right Trading Policy (ERTP) on green technology innovation. Based on the panel data of 279 cities in China from 2006 to 2020, this paper analyzes the effect of the ERTR on urban green technology innovation capacity (GTIC) by using the difference-in-differences (DID) model. The study shows that the ERTR can significantly improve urban GTIC and validates the “Weak Porter Hypothesis”. After a series of robustness tests, this conclusion still holds. Furthermore, the mechanism analysis shows that the ERTP can promote urban GTIC through industrial structure upgrading. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis indicates that the ERTR can significantly improve the GTIC of eastern cities and non-resource cities. This paper fills the gap of related studies and provides an important reference for improving the ERTP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the global environmental crisis evolves, China’s traditional industries have serious problems of high energy consumption, high emission and low energy efficiency. Developing green industries has become an important direction of China’s industrial transformation and upgrading. This paper selects scientific innovation industry as a typical representative of green industry and studies its financing environment assessment. In order to solve the financing dilemma faced by the science and technology innovation industry, this paper puts forward the evaluation method of the financing environment of science and technology innovation industry based on Bayesian network from the Angle of industry particularity. In this paper, Netica software is used to construct a Bayesian network model of the financing environment of the science and technology innovation industry, and the financing environment of the science and technology innovation industry in 2016-2020 is inferred according to the annual probability distribution. Then, the sensitivity analysis is carried out, and the hierarchical policy simulation is used to simulate the conditional probability of the initial node and the intermediate node respectively, so as to determine the impact of each node on the financing environment, and finally obtain the optimization path. The research results can be of great value for improving the financing environment of scientific innovation industry and promoting the development of green industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government, enterprises, and consumers play an important role in the realization of the “dual carbon” goal. However, the relationship between consumer behavior and this goal has not received sufficient attention. Based on theories related to green consumption, this paper analyzes the internal psychological factors of consumers and external influencing factors and constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, enterprises, and consumers. The findings are as follows: (1) If the consumer’s price sensitivity coefficient is either too high or too low, it does not favor the evolution of consumer behavior towards green consumption, nor does it encourage enterprises to adopt green production practices. In such scenarios, government regulation and the provision of green subsidies to consumers and enterprises might be more effective. (2) The larger the green preference coefficient of consumers, the more likely they are to opt for green consumption, which in turn accelerates the shift of enterprises towards green production. In this situation, a robust supply and demand market for green products can effectively alleviate the pressure of environmental regulation. (3) The government’s “dual carbon” policy publicity prompts consumers to choose green consumption and enterprises to choose green production. (4) Government subsidies to enterprises and to consumers both encourage enterprises to choose green production and consumers to choose green consumption. The results of this study provide enlightenment on the development of the green product market and the achievement of the “dual carbon” goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rise of China’s economy and the expansion of China’s foreign trade scale, the carbon emissions generated by China’s trade are attracting extensive attention from political and academic circles. In the context of global ‘decarbonization’, this paper focuses on the new trade model of digital trade and uses China's provincial panel data from 2013 to 2021 to deeply explore the effect of digital trade development on carbon emissions and its transmission mechanism. We find that digital trade development can reduce regional carbon emissions through structural and technological effects; specifically, industrial structure upgrading, consumption upgrading, and green technology innovation play a crucial intermediary role in this process. Subsequent investigation reveals a nonlinear, diminishing trend in the marginal impact of digital trade on emission reduction. Furthermore, once digital trade surpasses the threshold of environmental regulation its marginal effect on emission reduction becomes more pronounced. Additionally, employing a spatial econometric model has revealed that the advancement of digital trade can also contribute to reducing carbon emissions in neighboring regions. Heterogeneity analysis results demonstrate that the eastern region exhibits the most significant emission reduction effect in relation to digital trade, followed by the western and central regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increasingly serious problems of environmental pollution and resource waste, promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of education has become a new trend. Online foreign language education is a new mode of green transformation development relying on digital technology. Based on the new background of green technology, this paper focuses on the evaluation of online foreign language teaching satisfaction and the key influencing factors. The entropy weight method was used to construct the evaluation index of online foreign language teaching satisfaction, the multiple linear regression model and confirmatory factor analysis model were used to systematically analyze the main factors affecting the satisfaction, and the questionnaire was used to investigate the data of online foreign language courses such as American Literature, American Culture, College English, Comprehensive English, and History of Foreign Literature. The results show that: (1) college students have a high degree of satisfaction with online foreign language teaching, and the satisfaction index based on entropy weight method is above level 2. (2) Through the multiple linear regression model, the four dimensions of teaching involvement, teaching communication, teaching skills and teaching effect all have a significant impact on the satisfaction of online foreign language teaching. (3) Based on the confirmatory factor model, online foreign language teaching satisfaction is affected by multiple latent and explicit variables, and the effect direction is generally positive. Finally, the paper puts forward specific strategies to improve the effect of green and low-carbon digital technology on foreign language education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of green control technologies in agriculture is an important approach to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, address agricultural pollution from its source, and promote increased productivity and income in agriculture, thereby driving high-quality agricultural development. This paper is based on production and operation data from 2,155 tea farmers in 16 major tea-producing provinces in China. Using an endogenous transformation model from the perspective of the value chain, it empirically analyzes the impact of adopting green control technologies on tea farmers' income and draws three conclusions. First, the adoption of green control technologies significantly promotes income growth for tea farmers. Second, the awareness of tea farmers regarding pesticide residue limits and the exchange of pest control techniques among tea farmers significantly enhance the adoption of green control technologies. Third, the income effects of adopting green control technologies differ across different stages of the value chain, with the income growth in the cultivation stage being lower than that in the processing and marketing stages. Finally, based on the analysis and relevant research by scholars, four targeted suggestions are proposed: (1) Increase efforts to promote the adoption of green control technologies and enhance farmers' willingness to adopt them. (2) Promote education and training on green control technologies for tea farmers. (3) Ensure fair distribution of benefits along the agricultural value chain. (4) Strengthen the promotion of green control technologies at the market and consumer end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informal environmental regulation, represented by public participation, has an increasingly significant role in environmental governance. This paper utilizes panel data of 285 cities in China from 2003 to 2017. It examines the difference-in-differences (DID) and instrumental variable method (IV) to investigate the causal effect of public participation represented by Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations(ENGOs) on regional carbon emissions. The empirical results show that public participation reduces regional carbon emissions, which still holds after a series of endogeneity and robustness tests. This paper proves an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship between the intensity of public participation and regional carbon emissions. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates that regional green technology innovation and strengthening formal environmental regulations are the primary mechanisms for public involvement in promoting regional carbon emission reduction. Finally, this paper discusses the heterogeneity governance effect among cities and finds that the governance effect of the sample is more pronounced in eastern cities, non-resource-based cities, large cities, and provincial capitals. The results reveal the importance of public participation in regional carbon emission reduction and provide an empirical basis for promoting informal environmental regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is currently at a critical stage in transitioning from a large petrochemical country to a powerful one. To clarify the relationship between the development of the petrochemical industry and local ecological economy and explore the scientific development path for the industry, this paper analyzes the influence of petrochemical industry agglomeration on local ecological efficiency. By using panel data from 30 provincial units between 2012 and 2021, the study also investigates the mediating effect of green technology innovation on this relationship. Results show that the agglomeration of China's petrochemical industry positively affects local ecological efficiency. However, given some issues such as separation of production and innovation activities within the industry, a negative correlation exists between the agglomeration level of the petrochemical industry in China and the level of green technology innovation. Consequently, the agglomeration of China's petrochemical industry cannot enhance ecological efficiency through the mediating effect of green technology innovation level. The substantial resource consumption by green technology innovation has not translated into effective ecological economic benefits, which has increased the burden on ecological functions and resulted in a negative effect on ecological efficiency. The research conclusions and proposed measures hold significant implications for the scientific planning of the development of China's petrochemical industry, as well as for promoting regional economic growth and ecological construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green innovation ecosystem value realization is crucial to building an environmentally friendly society and achieving the "dual-carbon" goal, and trust transfer provides a new perspective. This paper divides the participating subjects in the green innovation ecosystem into technology R&D platform, promotion and service group, consumption, and application group. It constructs a game model of the trust transfer mechanism's evolution to examine each key factor's impact on the value realization decision. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The initial willingness of the three groups does not affect the stabilization strategy of ecological value realization, and the higher the degree of green technology innovation and application, the more perfect the trust transfer network, the higher the benefits generated by value realization of innovative subjects. (2) Subsidized incentives for technology R&D platform by promotion and service group can facilitate the ecosystem value realization process. At the same time, excessive monitoring can discourage technology R&D platform from conducting green technology R&D. (3) The consumer application group is an essential "navigator," providing a particular direction guidance for green technology R&D, in which the consumer application group chooses to accept the green product strategy will promote the improvement of the trust transmission network and the value realization process, and on the contrary, it will have an inhibitory effect. The study's conclusions provide a vital decision-making basis for green innovation ecosystems' high-quality and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reasonable environmental regulation is beneficial to promote green innovation and sustainable development, but the current lack of research of environmental regulation and collaborative innovation intention. Based on this, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of green collaborative innovation between enterprises and financial institutions from the perspective of enterprise information disclosure and financing constraints, and explores the specific effects of different types of environmental regulation through case analysis and numerical simulation. Case studies show that the cooperation between enterprises and financial institutions is conducive to the realization of green innovation, but there is still no effective restraint mechanism. The numerical simulation results show that the combination of market-incentive and command-controlled environmental regulation can better stimulate the willingness of collaborative innovation, but the former has more significant incentive effect. Further, for enterprises, the government's cost subsidy or revenue incentive coefficient positively affects the cooperative innovation willingness of both parties. Similarly, the improvement of the cost subsidy or income incentive or even punishment coefficient by the government to financial institutions also has the same effect; increasing the cost subsidy coefficient is more significant, and enterprises are more sensitive to this. This paper provides reference for Chinese government to make reasonable environmental policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an innovative regulation of environmental governance, the role of environmental protection inspection in green innovation has received limited attention. This paper adopted DID (difference-in-difference) model to address the effect of central environmental protection inspection (CEPI) and explored why and how the CEPI affects corporate green innovation. We further investigated the moderating roles of firm size and firm age as organisation-level factors. With a sample of China's listed companies from 2014 to 2019, the empirical results show that the CEPI is significantly and positively associated with green innovation and that both firm size and firm age strengthen the positive effect of the CEPI on green innovation. We conducted PSM (propensity score matching) model to mitigate the endogenous problem and found our results are robust. This paper contributes to the literature about the CEPI and green innovation, and sheds light on environment policy enactment for the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to environmental pollution, energy consumption, climate change and other reasons, the Chinese government proposed the “double carbon” goal to encourage the wide application of green technology. The green technology represented by CiteSpace has brought new ideas to the traditional study of American literature, which is conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction and the sustainable progress of scientific research. With the help of CiteSpace tool, this paper traces the hot spots and frontiers in the field of American literature research. Through the visualization research of knowledge map of green technology, we get valuable conclusions: first, the domestic research of American literature has gradually evolved from scattered stage to mature stage. Famous scholars such as Yukuo Wang, Ruoxi Pu, Li Jin, Jincai Yang and Ying Liu have emerged. And they have made landmark achievements in feminist criticism, historical context, new slave narrative, racial discrimination, spatial turn and so on. Second, the research object is diverse and rich, and the mainstream and tributaries blend. It includes ethnic groups such as Chinese and African Americans. It focuses on writers such as Maxine Hong Kingston, Faulkner, Melville, Whitman and Hemingway, including “intertextuality”, “tea culture”, “ecocriticism” and “Orientalism”. Third, although the current research on American literature is fruitful, the discrete and multivariate distribution of specific topics is significant. The use of green technology has brought new impetus to the study of traditional literature, greatly improved the efficiency of scientific research and reduced resource consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) to empirically investigate the effect of financial development on environmental quality via carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for 148 countries from 1990 to 2019. The advantage of FGLS is overcoming the heteroskedasticity and serial and crosssectional correlations and giving more efficient results than the Ordinary least squares estimate. Research innovations include the development of general regression models that establish the links among financial liberalization, renewable energy use, and economic development, which has been largely neglected in previous research. Initial findings indicate that the total effect of financial development on CO2 emissions depends on economic growth and consumption of renewable energy. Notably, while the use of renewable energy may reduce the emissions-increasing effect of economic growth, economic growth may exacerbate the problem of environmental degradation caused by economic growth. The magnitude of the effect varies by income group. The role of renewable energy consumption holds true in countries with high and middle incomes but not in countries with low incomes. Regarding the effect of economic growth, research finds that economic growth may worsen (improve) the impact of financial development on environmental quality among high- and middle-income groups (low-income groups). The findings are robust across financial development dimensions (including the financial institution and the financial market). Thus, the implications are that governments in high- and middle-income countries should promote green credit policies and focus on technology related to environmentally friendly technological innovations to improve environmental quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As global problems such as the lack of resources and environmental degradation continue to intensify, the international community is increasingly aware of the importance of green development. At the same time, as a crucial guideline for China's ecological civilization construction, "Beautiful China" development, and global economic transition and restructure, green development will surely become the important engine for the green transformation and development of the Jing-Jin-Ji region and the whole country. Based on a thorough review of the concept of green development, this paper estimates the green development efficiency of 13 cities in Jing-Jin-Ji region of China in 2003-2017 by using the super efficiency SBM model. Then, by employing the coefficient of variation and the Global Moran's I, this paper further explores the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of the green development efficiency. Finally, the spatial panel model is used to explore the influencing factors of the green development efficiency. The results show the following: (1) The overall green development efficiency in Jing-Jin-Ji region of China declined steadily by 2% from 0.965 in 2003 to 0.948 in 2017. (2) The green development efficiency basically presents the spatial differentiation characteristics of the higher in the northern cities and the lower in the southern cities. (3) The green development efficiency has significant regional differences, and increased by 22% from 0.240 in 2003 to 0.295 in 2017. (4) Economic development level influence on the green development efficiency presents a "U" shaped curve that suppresses and then promotes. Industrial structure and the degree of openness have a positive influence, and urbanization have a negative influence on green development efficiency. Whereas, technological innovation has non-significant influence. Based on these findings, this paper proposes some targeted policy suggestions for promoting the green development efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green innovation efficiency takes environmental and energy factors into consideration. Enhancing green innovation efficiency is a fundamental requirement for China's innovation-driven development. This paper uses the data of industrial enterprises from 30 provinces (cities, districts) in China from 2007 to 2019 and the data envelopment analysis-slack-based measure (DEA-SBM) method to establish a new model for measuring the efficiency of green innovation in industrial enterprises, and compares that efficiency in three major regions of China. In short, the paper examines the relationship between environmental regulations and the green innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises. The research results show that there are significant regional differences in the efficiency of green innovation in Chinese industrial enterprises, and the relevant regions can basically take into account innovation incentives and environmental protection. Industrial enterprises in the eastern region have higher levels of green innovation efficiency, while the central and western regions have lower levels. There is a significant U-shaped relationship between environmental regulations and green innovation efficiency in the whole country and the eastern region; that is, regional green innovation efficiency decreases first and then increases. The environmental regulations in the central and western regions have no significant impact on green innovation efficiency. Relevant research conclusions have important policy implications for setting reasonable forms of environmental regulations to promote the improvement of green innovation efficiency, and then to build a green economic support belt in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental technology is the core power for environmental protection enterprise. Top management team (TMT) has an important impact on developing direction of environmental technology. In this paper, environmental protection enterprises in China are selected as samples to examine that how does cognitive diversity of TMT affect the directions of environmental technology. Environmental technology is divided into acquisition of environmental patent and independent environmental innovation. It finds that cognitive diversity has positive impacts on acquisition of environmental patent and independent environmental innovation. It also shows that environmental protection enterprise develops new environmental technology through acquisition of environmental patent. We further explore the role of ability of information identification on environmental technology. The results demonstrate that there is a promotional effect of cognitive diversity on acquisition of environmental patent and independent environmental innovation by promoting ability of information identification. Finally, the results of heterogeneity analysis show that cognitive diversity in those environmental protection enterprises with high-level technology has a significant effect on independent environmental innovation. However, for those enterprises who has no high-level technology, cognitive diversity of TMT plays a positive role on acquisition of environmental patent through ability of information identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading have become two strategic initiatives to realize a green economic development in the new development model of China. Exploring the relationship between green economic efficiency and the coupling degree of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading is essential to achieve the visionary goal of green economic development and socialist modernization. This paper measures the coupling degree of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading, classifies the coupling types based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2012-2019, and measures the green economic efficiency of 30 provinces in China using the super-efficient model (SBM), based on a spatial econometric model to study the relationship between green economic efficiency and the coupling degree of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading. The research results show that there is a significant positive effect on green economic efficiency among regions; the coupling degree of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading has a significant direct effect and a spatial spillover effect on green economic efficiency, the spatial spillover effect plays a major role. The heterogeneity analysis reveals that in the regions with higher development and coordination degrees of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading, the coupling degree of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading has a significant effect on the green economic efficiency of the region, and in the regions with lower development and coordination degrees of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading, the coupling degree of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading has a significant positive effect on the green economic efficiency of the region and neighboring areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rich ecological resources in underdeveloped resource-rich areas are difficult to transform into economic advantages under the system of low-cost resources, a priceless environment and highpriced industrial products, resulting in a backward economic development level, serious relative poverty and a possible return to poverty at any time. Correctly evaluating the effect of green poverty reduction in underdeveloped resource-rich areas holds great significance for reducing relative poverty and ending the phenomenon of returning to poverty. Taking Jiangxi Province as an example, this paper uses the entropy weight method and the coefficient of variation to calculate the green poverty reduction index and each subdimension index of 80 counties (cities/districts) in Jiangxi Province, and analyzes the characteristics of the province's spatial and temporal evolution. It is found that the green poverty reduction index of Jiangxi Province rises overall, but the regional differences are obvious, and the increase in each subdimension index leads to an increase in the green poverty reduction index. The increase in the economic poverty reduction index is the main reason. The regional differences will persist, and balanced development will not be achieved in the short term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept and theory of ecological compensation (EC) have been widely studied in the past 20 years, but its practical effects have not yet been agreed upon. Based on a panel data from 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2018, this paper examines the impact of air ecological compensation (AEC) policy on air pollutant emissions and its mechanism with time-varying DID model. The study found that AEC will reduce the emissions of sulfur dioxide, PM2.5, industrial smoke and dust, which remained significant after a series of robustness test. Mechanism analysis concluded that AEC can reduce air pollutant emissions mainly by promoting green technology innovation, strengthening pollution treatment intensity and improving energy efficiency. The effect of AEC varied with city characteristics, in cities with high proportion of Industrial, low environmental regulation intensity and high fiscal pressure, AEC have significant or better policy effects, while, AEC does not have significant policy effects in cities with high environmental regulations intensity and low financial pressure. China should consider further promoting the pilot scope of AEC, but it also needs to improve the compensation standard and compensation mechanism to achieve better policy effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green development is an inherent requirement for effectively responding to severe resource and environmental problems and adapting to major economic and social problems. Based on the panel data of 272 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper takes the next-generation Internet model city policy as a quasi-natural experiment for the first time, and uses the DID model to empirically test the impact and mechanism of the next-generation Internet model city construction on green total factor productivity (GTFP). The results show that the next-generation Internet demonstration city has a significant role in promoting GTFP, and after being rated as a next-generation Internet demonstration city, its GTFP has increased by about 6.3%. This conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests, From the mechanism analysis, it is concluded that the next-generation Internet demonstration cities mainly promote GTFP through industrial structure optimization and technological innovation. A further test of heterogeneity shows that the construction of next-generation Internet demonstration cities is more significant in promoting GTFP in large-scale cities and resource-based cities. The research in this article provides a wealth of empirical evidence for the implementation of my country's next-generation Internet model city policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Priority needs to be given to the green technology of saving resources, saving energy and reducing pollution by enterprises in the new era where green development needs promotion because humans and nature are the community of life. In essence, green technology is the innovation-driven development of enterprises under the background of green development. In order to sort out the research trend of Chinese scholars on green technology, 206 articles published during the period of 1994 to 2017 and their citations mainly from the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index database were studied by means of bibliometrics and mapping knowledge domains, which reveals the trend of a number of Chinese green technology research papers published, the evolution path of the hot research topics, the research frontier and the knowledge base, drawing inspiration from them. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) The number of Chinese scholars' research on green technology shows an N-type upward trend and will continue to rise in the future. 2) Green technology, technological innovation and environmental protection have long been research hotspots of China's green technology research. 3) The frontiers of green technology research in China can be divided into three stages for germination (1994 to 2010), rapid growth (2010 to 2014)and depth advancement (2015 to present. 4) The knowledge base of green technology research in China is mainly composed of efficiency, the relationship between the environment and economics, green technological innovation, environmental regulation and intellectual property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With regards to the interchanging features of agricultural pollution and its negative impacts on China's eco-environment such as environmental degradation, this paper, by fully taking into consideration the gap in environmental technology, incorporated the extended SBM directional distance function and Metaconstraints efficiency function to estimate China's agricultural environmental efficiency (roughly three regions: eastern, central, and western China), and employed the panel model to study the environmental Kuznets curve's (EKC) characteristics and the causes of regional differences in agricultural environmental efficiency under levels of different environmental technology. The study showed that, due to the significant differences in agricultural environmental production technology among the three different regions, agricultural environmental efficiency presented a pattern of progressive decline, for instance; eastern China > western China > central China. Although the agricultural environmental technology of eastern China can reach 96.92% of the potential meta-constraint technology level, agricultural environmental technology of central and western China only reach 83.71% and 79.37% of the potential meta-technology constraint, respectively. The EKC curve of agricultural environmental efficiency was proved to be supportive of the circumstances in China; however, as a result of the gap in environmental technology, the EKC curves of different regions presented different turning points and stages. In addition to agricultural economic growth, openness of trade, proportion of agriculture, agricultural technological level, income gap, and fi scal support to agriculture have a significant effect on agricultural environmental efficiency, but both the impact direction and the impact extent of these factors on agricultural environmental efficiency are different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]