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Parental rights concerning childcare are reflected in the area of labor law in the form of maternity leave, paternity leave and parental leave and from the point of view of social security law, the employee is entitled to income compensation in the form of a benefit or allowance after fulfilling certain legal conditions. In the article, the author distinguishes between individual types of leave for biological parents with the status of the employee, points out the degree of their use and the way of taking leave in individual EU countries, and also deals with the financial security of persons during the use of these types of leave. In processing the topic, the author analyzes and compares the legislation of EU countries and uses current data from the Mutual Information System on Social Protection. The aim of the paper is to point out the diversity of legal regulations and to assess the current state of employees' rights in EU countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a theatrical technique called Forum Theatre and its Use in The Teaching Process. Forum Theatre is a name for an interactive stage technique often used in the educational process. The world-renowned method, based on the dramatic techniques of August Boal, is characterised by the fact that the audience become actors and are thus confronted with the reality that takes place on the stage. This staging method is commonly used in modern teaching concepts all around the world and is one of the key methods of creative drama. It enables people to experience, analyse and subsequently understand dramatized situations in everyday life and thus improve not only the educational process, but especially mutual communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employer brand management has become a growing necessity. For most companies, it does not mean the random short-term campaigns, but the crucial factor in successfully building the employer brand being the employees themselves. The aim of the paper is to present the findings from a questionnaire survey of selected factors that affect the employer brand image as a strategic tool for human resource management from the perspective of HR staff in the Czech Republic. The research was carried out from May 2019 to January 2020, 112 respondents (HR managers) taking part in it. The results show that systematic employer brand creation is conditional upon the company’s personnel strategy. Appropriate use of the brand helps retain the existing employees. Satisfied staff are more likely to become ambassadors for the company brand, engaging in its communication towards the external labour market. Being a matter for the competence of the personnel department, employer branding must be integrated into HR managerial strategies. The results of the survey also support the assumption that the requirements and expectations of both current and prospective employees are to be complied with, the company’s competitive advantage in the labour market thus being secured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relations between the frequency of reflexive method implementation by teachers and their self-efficacy. To find out the frequency of reflexive method implementation by teachers our own scale questionnaire was used. Its internal structure was analysed using exploratory factor analysis which showed the existence of two dimensions (traditional and nontraditional reflective methods). Reliability of dimensions was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and the result varied between 0.71 and 0.73. To map self-efficacy of teachers, OSTES (The Ohio State Teacher Efficacy Scale) was used; and it was adapted to Slovak conditions by Gavora (2012). In this case, exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that it is appropriate to consider two dimensions (teacher efficacy in using teaching strategies and manage class). Their reliability varied between 0.84 and 0.86. 345 lower secondary school teachers – ISCED 2 participated in the research. The average length of work experience of male and female respondents (n=45) was 12.80 years (SD=10.70) and (n=300) 16.20 years (SD=9.88) respectively. Statistically significant moderate positive relation was identified between the implementation frequency of traditional reflective methods and self-efficacy of teachers in using teaching strategies. Similar relation was proved between the implementation frequency of non-traditional reflective methods and the mentioned component of self-efficacy of teachers. A weak direct dependence proved to exist between implementation frequency of both reflective method groups and self-efficacy of teachers in class management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and trends of the 21st century have significantly influenced marketing and marketing communications of companies. Both marketing and marketing communications are undergoing significant changes, especially depending on the overall development of the economy, market and consumer and the changing strategic goals of companies. Successful companies must adapt to the market, clearly formulate their goals and visions for the future, approach brand building through innovation, imaginative and effective communication, find a way to differentiate them from the competition, ie seek the uniqueness of the offer. These approaches are called "Radical Marketing" or "Reengineering". As a result of the above changes and shifts, we are encountering new trends in 21st century marketing communications, which are also changing consumer behavior and vice versa. Consumer behavior and decision-making is greatly influenced by modern forms of marketing communications. In 2020 came COVID-19 and the global pandemic. The global economy, businesses, the market and the consumer have found themselves in a whole new reality. The reality that has come is and will be. The following months and years will show how reversible or irreversible the current situation is. The aim of the paper is a comprehensive view of current strategies of companies and consumer behavior, the definition of their key changes caused by COVID-19 and outlines the current form of marketing communications and its tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents linguistic landscape (LL) research into the Banská Bystrica intra-urban space focused specifically on multimodality of the researched objects. The presented partial qualitative synchronous and diachronous analysis of the samples collected at Horná Street and the Námestie SNP Square in the city is a part of the larger project entitled APVV-18-0115 Language in the City – Documenting the Multimodal Semiosphere of Linguistic Landscapes in Slovakia and in a Comparative Perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An important subtle skill is the individual's mental mobility. The issue of identifying and developing this mental mobility opens up new opportunities to penetrate the core competencies of an individual. The objective of the paper is create factors, explaining individual elements of leadership in security environment. We have generated partial factors related to the professional leadership (mental mobility on the manager and relationship continuum) using a factor analysis statistical processing of data from the selected items of GPOP questionnaire which is based on the MyersBriggs Type Indicator (MBTI). The sample consisted of 208 respondents from the security environment. Results of factor analysis include seven factors, which explain 73.799% of variances of all variables. It resulted in the identification of 3 factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we collected best practices and tools for the development of spatial imagination. We divided tools into 3 groups: planar aids, spatial aids, and board games. In the case of planar aids, we present the Tangram puzzle, the Geoboard, the Indian mosaic and the Poliomino. As for spatial aids, we analysed the Polydron, the Geomag, Pop-up projects, the Zometoll, the 4D Frame, and the Jomili as suitable development tools. It is difficult to find a suitable development game among board games, because they are explored insufficiently. We recommend four games, the Ubongo, the Q- bitz, the Rumis and the Blokus. In this study we would like to eliminate the shortcomings in the teaching of mathematics, because these best practices, which develop spatial imagination, are not sufficiently known in Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modernization of the educational content in the field of Computer science, or IT subjects, in the conditions of Czech primary schools is a relatively widely discussed topic today, as the educational content as well as the teaching methods of IT subjects at primary schools often remain more or less unchanged for many years. However, a completely different situation can be observed abroad, where, for many years, prominent experts have been making proposals to change the concept of teaching so that pupils are not only educated to become active technology users, but are also encouraged to try to devise their own procedures, propose tools for solving specific problems and develop the so-called computational thinking. So, what does the specific educational content of IT subjects at the 1st and 2nd stage of Czech primary schools look like? Which IT topics are actually taught? Are there any topics in teaching that are not embedded or accentuated in the curriculum documents? We will try to answer these questions in the submitted paper, which presents some partial outputs of the conducted research focused primarily on the issue of the acceptance of educational content of IT subjects taught at primary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the area of personnel marketing, which is being formed as an independent scientific discipline, bringing marketing approach into human resources management. Globalisation of the labour market, digitization and technology interference, growth of competition in individual sectors bring along numerous innovations in personnel marketing, which found their place in personnel corporate communication. The aim of the submitted study is to examine application of new trends in personnel communication mix by personnel officers who represent entrepreneurial subjects on the Slovak and Czech labour markets, mainly in the context of addressing professions of short supply. The object of investigation is the way of work with the professional social network LinkedIn and attitudes of human resources officers related to this tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigates parents' feelings of guilt as a psychological basis for the formation of English-speaking innovative concepts in the field of paternity by different metacognitive models. The authors offer a model of formation of English language innovative concepts as a cognitive reflection of experience of moral traumatization of guilt through the parents' awareness of moral harm and moral suffering. The achievements of the work related to the verbal representation of the English-speaking concepts of the PARENTING sphere, formed by the models of conceptual and metaconceptual derivation, are a contribution to the current state of development of psycholinguistic and lingvo-cognitive theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, the authors consider the fundamental issues affecting the identification and seizure of criminal property in the context of financial forensics and investigation in practice. One of the considered issues is the identification and seizure of financial assets and their proceeds which are infiltrated into the financial sector by means including the use of financial intermediaries and advisors. The authors identify areas, where it is important that legislation continues to evolve to allow adequate measures to be taken for combating organised crime. There needs to be established a specialised unit for the identification and seizure of property, financial investigations and comprehensive property profiling. A solution for a fast implementation of seizure is the creation of a central register of accounts providing information not only on the current status of accounts but also on their transaction histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses self-harming behaviour and the prevalence of eating disorders in females in adolescence and young adulthood. It aims to identify the difference between the total score and the score of the individual symptoms of eating disorders in young women with and without self-harming behaviour. The study sample consists of 60 women (ED) aged 15 – 26 (mean age = 18.4 years) who suffer from an eating disorder, of which N = 30 (50%) exhibit self-harming behaviour. The participants were tested using a modified SHI (Self-Harm Inventory) questionnaire to identify SH, and the EDI-2 (Eating Disorders Inventory) to establish the total score and individual symptoms of ED. SH participants with ED scored statistically significantly higher in six subscales and the total EDI-2 score than non-SH participants with ED (sig. ≤ 0.000). The results of the data analysis of the study sample clearly demonstrate that those participants who SH have more pronounced symptomology of ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical evidence and theoretical background on the importance of the organizational theory for a cleary structured and consistent market-oriented innovation management for the new demands in reference to the usage, planning and design of urban places which require the use of new profiling systems for a competitive and sustainable urban structured regional development concept in order to provide a secure economic and social environment for their citizens to live and work in. This future profile oriented development, create a challenging situation for the diverse districts. With the help of systematic, dynamic development processes the goal can be achieved. Firstly you have to figure out, how you can connect and implement innovation in to this field. Therefore you have to clear the question, is leadership important to innovation? The answer is: Yes, it is! Leadership skills are significantly correlated with innovation. The question is: How? In this paper this question will be approached from a leadership perspective, an environmental perspective. as well as from the perspective of the creative process. In this context, we must also bear in mind that today innovation, diversity and networked thinking, are significant. Therefore the leader/organizations serves as a role model for her/his team members/citizens. This model has to be consistent across all levels of management. However, the leadership style needs to be adapted to the teams/citizens needs at every step. Tribal leadership provides a model for such adaptations by focusing on culture, which provides the soil for innovative ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The submitted paper discusses motivation towards foreign language learning, specifically motivation of university students towards learning English for specific purposes at the Technical University in Zvolen. In addition, it presents results of questionnaire survey on the mentioned topic. We can conclude that the students perceive the necessity of learning the English language and are aware of its importance in their future career. Furthermore, they believe that the number of lessons of English for specific purposes provided currently in their study is not satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays doctoral students at technical universities in Slovakia need to master the language skill of reading comprehension in order to be able to read professional texts in foreign languages, especially in English. Consequently they can receive the latest information concerning their study and research from foreign experts and specialists. The submitted paper deals with reading comprehension as the key skill for the doctoral students and it brings results of the pilot questionnaire survey, carried out on the sample of 30 doctoral students from the Technical University in Zvolen, Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our research is focused on examining the human resources management systems in relation to the specificities of organizations operating in the European Economic Area. The object of our research are differences in Human Resources Management (HRM) practices of organizations in the field of Strategic Human Resources Management in Slovakia. The main goal of the study is to analyze an association between the existence of Human Resource department and each of following strategies/statements - Company strategy, Ethical Codex, Human Resource Management strategy and Corporate social responsibility statement. The methods used in data gathering were the standardized questionnaire predominantly gathered through an online and email survey, combined with an in-person visit, paper survey, and telephone call to support return rate. The Chi-Square Test of Independence and the coefficients for determining the association of the individual variables for the nominal data were Cramer's V, and the Phi coefficient. The data were analyzed in PSPP statistical software. Hypotheses were tested at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. The results confirm statistically significant dependence between the researched variables - the existence of Human resource department and each of tested strategies - Company strategy, Human Resource Management strategy, Corporate social responsibility statement and Ethical codex. We confirmed moderate association between the existence of Human resource department and Human Resource Management strategy and the existence of the Human resource department and Ethical codex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the problem of visual literacy of university students - the future Fine arts teachers, in relation to their critical thinking systematically developing during their pregradual preparation within the disciplines focused on theory and history of Fine arts at the Department of Creative Arts and Art Education at the Faculty of Education at Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra. The paper looks into students' competencies of given area via questionnaire, focusing on interpretation of visual inputs based on triadic semiotics of Charles Sanders Peirce known as an icon (Likeness, etc.) - index (Sign) - symbol (General sign). The author explores the problem in relation to project goals supported by Slovak Research and Development Agency, according to Act No. APVV-15 - 0368 in context of present requirements of teacher training program in the area of critical thinking and creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helping workers are at increased risk of the impact of stress, burnout and other negative consequences arising from helping. The aim of the paper is to present the percentage of addressed population of helping workers (N = 738, random selection of the research) that has symptoms of increased stress, emotional exhaustion, burnout and the risk of secondary trauma. Authors present psychosocial characteristics such as profession, length of practice, hours of real work with the client, or age of identified risk groups. Results show that up to 86% of helping workers perceive increased stress from helping. 23% show symptoms of emotional exhaustion such as a first level of burnout, which has not yet developed into depersonalization or cynicism. Moreover, 15% are at risk of secondary trauma from helping others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contribution deals with the impact of Internet communication on contemporary thinking and education and has the character of a theoretical study. The paper reflects the primer technological bases and the current state of the presented problem and concrete expressions of the transformation of thinking in the context of the use of digital media, using several author´s approaches and opinions. The main objective of the paper is to define and in theory formulate changes of thinking and education related to the use and influence of the Internet and digital media. The author emphasizes the importance of maintaining a linear type of thinking to retain and stabilize education and knowledge, especially in the context of the young generation, which is the most affected and potentially threatened by digital media and information and communication technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Central Bank relays new insights received from the research groups which operate on its ground. These innovative findings represent output of the research activities conducted by particular teams. The areas of the investigation cover various complicated and sensitive tasks. The paper deals with economic research of the European Central Bank, especially with key issues. Inflation as one of the current research priorities is analyzed in more detail. Inflation rate movements are discussed for selected period as well as present situation in this field. Moreover, expectations considering next few years are stated. The examination involves the European Union as well as the euro area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses relationship between the risk of a legislative change and expected profitability of subsidized projects. Introduction in risks is given in terms of their internal and external origin with focus on legislative risk within projects subsidized from public resources. This risk is covered by some specialized ratings. The aim is to measure the legislative risk of subsidized projects. To do it, we lean on data of the rating agency Euromoney Country Risk for the selected EU countries. The input ratings are processed to capture certainty degree of legislation stability. The certainty degree induces the possible threat of subsidy cuts of the purchase price for subsidized production here expressed as indicator of market risk. Based on this, we build and apply a statistical model for estimating expected profitability of an average subsidized project of a biofuel plant measured by E[NPV]. The E[NPV] results reflect differences depending on the certainty degree according to the country the subsidized production is realized. Possible reasons for neglecting legislative risk within cash flow budgeting and profitability calculation in subsidized projects is discussed. Here performed approach to express and incorporate legislative stability by means of certainty degree and market risk is an original contribution of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wood as a raw material and material in the construction of wooden buildings has an irreplaceable position in terms of the complex of mechanical, thermal-technical, aesthetic, utility, technological properties and the impact on the environment. In many countries of our region, it is a strategic, yet renewable raw material, which brings considerable profits to national economies, especially where it is comprehensively processed in products with high added value. Today's wood-based construction methods are very diverse and can be individually adapted and combined. Current wooden buildings intended for housing can in principle be divided according to the character and nature of vertical load-bearing structures into massive, skeletal and elementally constructed elements composed of individual elements. From the point of view of the efficiency of the construction process, an effective solution is especially construction systems that use elements of automation and prefabrication of structural elements of the construction site. The production process of prefabricated components is diverse depending on the specific manufacturer of the individual components. Preprepared structural elements and parts of structures more or less finalized are then transported to the construction site where they are assembled into the final form. In connection with prefabricated construction systems for the construction of wood-based structures, it is necessary to analyze their production process where it is possible to identify significant reserves and propose improvements to streamline the production process. From this point of view, in this paper we focused on the analysis of the production processes of a prefabricated wood-based construction system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The state of processes and their improvement progress could be measured by many parameters or indicators. When the overall state of the process is needed several indicators must be determined. In case that there are two states of the process, or two processes to compare, it could be confusing to determine which state, or process, is better. A solution for that can be a concept of Ideality from TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving). The concept of Ideality is based on the improvement of the Technical System in a way of Ideality or Ideal Final Result. The use of Ideality brings better improvements of the system in a way of technical evolution. The basic Ideality equation from TRIZ is unfortunately hard for practical use. That is why a more specific solution is needed. This paper aims to present a new way for the definition of the Ideality equation for production processes. This equation contains parameters as production time, costs, quality but also process aspects as safety, ergonomics, and ecology of the process. This way of determination of the process state can help with the comparison of process states, but it also pushes us to focus our improvement efforts in a way of Ideal process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents results of the quantitative research on the level of reading strategies of fifteen years old pupils from Kyiv and Chernihiv region and their comparison with the results of Czech pupils of the same age (Vicherková, 2018). The research sample consisted of 121 subjects. The research data were obtained through the structured questionnaire. The main conclusion of the research is that Ukrainian pupils consider themselves reading literate. However, the fact contradicts the actual level of their reading strategies. The questionnaire items categorisation delimited the main factors influencing the fifteen years old Ukrainian pupils' level of reading strategies as well as the reading strategies level of the fifteen years old Czech pupils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The onset of a COVID 19 pandemic has created a general need for appropriate crisis management. The aim of our paper is to compare the degree of crisis management competencies in three different types of organizations - businesses, health care organizations and self-government organizations. Degree of crisis management competencies was determined by the following factors - quality of crisis communication, the leadership style, the quality of decision-making in times of crisis, team performance and teamwork and the information sharing. The highest level of crisis management competencies was achieved by crisis management in business, which we proved on a sample of 122 companies. The leadership is weakest link of crisis management in all the organizations surveyed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES. The authors examine the current state of adolescent university students’ awareness of restorative justice in Slovakia, while focusing on the attitudes towards persons serving an alternative sentence (other than a custodial sentence). BACKGROUND. Presented research has background in theoretical concept of forensic social work which. Forensic social work generally focuses on the dimension of problem behavior, which in Slovak conditions falls within the competence of the Department of Social and Legal Protection of Children and Social Guardianship. Also this area of social work concentrates on the behavior of the social work clients in the context of delinquency to criminal activities. The present paper attempts to explicate the factors, including changeable and risky ones, affecting the attitudes of adolescent university students (from the fields of humanities and technical sciences) towards a shift from retributive to restorative justice by means of alternative non-custodial sentencing. METHODS. In present research, original questionnaire (consisting of 26 questions) was used in order to explore the stu′sd eantttitudes to restorative justice and persons serving an alternative sentence. RESULTS. The findings of the study have revealed that social work students are more sensitive to restorative justice and alternative sentence. Furthermore, the present research has shown that attitudes can be changed trought the level of knowledge and awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the effect of transaction taxes in the French financial market and the selected economic indicators. We would like to point out the importance of transaction taxes on the economy in the EU and to analyse the influence of this tax on the single European capital market. We assume that financial transaction tax (FTT) has a positive effect on economic growth and that the correlation between FTT and the hedging assets is statistically significant. We used a regression model where we analyse FTT, economic growth, market volume, price of index CAC40, total financial assets, financial derivatives, and debt instruments. Our results have shown the negative impact on market volume as well as on economic growth shortly after the adopting FTT in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we examined in how far sleep deprivation leads to autism-like symptoms with regard to social cognition. The negative effects of sleep deprivation on physical and mental functioning are well documented and it is therefore surprising that relatively little research has been done into the effects of sleep deprivation on social behaviour and the ability to judge social interactions and emotional expressions appropriately. Our experiment, conducted amongst 25 male students at the Czech military academy in Brno, Czech Republic, showed no significant differences in performance on a standard autism test between pre- and post- sleep deprivation conditions. The purpose of the paper is describe impacts of sleep deprivation on men with high physical stress, what negatively influence relevant cognitions and emotions. Sleep deprivation strongly influence cognitive abilities, leading to military leadership development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes research findings that focused on the occurrence of latent aggression in special classes in primary schools and in classes where pupils with health handicaps are educated. The research evaluators were teachers who educated pupils at a health disadvantage in schools. The indicators show the occurrence of latent aggression in classrooms, where pupils with health handicaps are educated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research paper shows primary education teachers' opinions on the content of elementary realia subjects, more specifically of the subject Elementary Realia for the 1st and 2nd grade of primary schools, which emphasizes topics related to forest environment and environmental protection. Theoretical outcomes of the study are rooted in attempts of anchoring the content of the syllabus for this subject in standardized documents, hence in the Syllabus in the National Education Program, while highlighting the ever-changing content and formal instability of this subject. Due to these reasons, we were observing how primary education teachers perceive the content of this subject. We were evaluating what subjective characteristics teachers assign to natural science topics, that are related to forest environment and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In education, the development of critical thinking is a long-term process that needs to begin in early school age. This period is important for the development of critical thinking, because a child starts school and is significantly affected by the teacher’s way of work. A pupil is required to be able to think critically when starting secondary education. The main prerequisite of pupils’ development of critical thinking is teacher’s creative personality using a creative approach in education. This paper deals with the analysis of activational methods and the application of Philosophy for Children program as a tool for development of critical thinking in educational process of pupils at secondary education level. Within the Philosophy for Children programme, we have implemented activational methods in the education process. The research design was quantitative, and the data was acquired based on the experimental method. The research results confirm the benefits of the Philosophy for Children program in educational process with emphasis on its potential to develop pupils’ critical thinking owing to its principles and characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the thriving enterprise, logistics ensures continuous flow and speed of all processes, from the moment of obtaining materials, through their processing up till the product delivery for acceptable price to the customer. The fulfillment of these requirements is not easy and requires a sophisticated logistics system involving the use of innovations that help improve and streamline processes such as transport, transfer, handling, storage, management of packaging. The main objective of the paper is based on the study of theoretical knowledge and the implementation of a questionnaire survey, to determine and analyse the utilisation of selected technologies and innovations in logistics of automotive enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Music is an essential condition for both general development and educational work. It evokes emotions, has a therapeutic effect and affects both the individual’s intellect and physical-mental-emotional world. As a result, in the last few years or decades, the impact of music and musical activities have become a central topic of more and more research. The requirements of modern education are also met by creative activities that have a broad transfer effect, spread their impact over several areas, a multitude of skills and have a positive effect on the development of the whole personality as well. In the present paper, we demonstrate the results of such study. In our music-pedagogical study, focusing on the elements of production and reproduction, perception and reception, we summarize the ability-developing and personality-developing effects of the use of creative – instrumental and vocalinstrumental – musical activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the potential for the identification of self-harming individuals in the adolescent population through three different systems - the SHI questionnaire (Self-Harm Inventory), the definitions of intentional self-harm from ICD-10 and the diagnostic criteria listed for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in DSM-5. It is followed by an evaluation of their effectiveness based on the extent of the undetected cases of self-harm. The study was conducted on a sample of 2,210 Slovak adolescents aged from 11 to 19 (mean age = 15.3; st. dev. = 1.67 years). The DSM-5 system proved to be the least effective, with a statistically significant (sig. = 0.000) drop-out of cases. For the purpose of diagnosing self-harm in the adolescent population, we propose a checklist of the forms of self-harm, which would, in addition to direct forms of physical self-harm, also include indirect physical and mental forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University campuses significantly influence functioning and development of urban landscapes and their quality also affects the quality of surrounding environment. This paper presents not only the issues and dimensions of university campuses, analyses of various approaches to their understanding, but also the methodology of their further study – the methodology of multi-criteria evaluation of the quality of university campuses and their potential, with respect to their future development. The study also focuses on the interpretation of the results from measurements of specific university campuses across Austria as representatives of different perspectives on the overall form of university complexes. The results reveal a comparison between the chosen Austrian campuses and the selected campus within the Slovak Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the theme of collective memory and its formation in Hispanic American literature. After the introduction to the topic, it is presented by specific literary works of Hispanic American authors, mainly the Chilean writer Isabel Allende and Argentine novelist Elsa Osorio. Both of the authors deal with the theme of memory which we try to illustrate with concrete examples from their literary works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the affordability, huge usability and ubiquitous connectivity, information and communication technology (ICT) tools spread among population across the planet and became omnipresent. Smart phones allow unexploited possibilities and new innovative activities to enhance educational process practiced by academic institutions. This paper proposes a simple interactive concept model using ICT that provides benefits to soft skills development of participating users. It focuses on a greater participation of students in assessment of their peers and decision-making in a chosen lecture course during their academic study and exemplifies the use of it in a model situation in a course class. The proposed concept can be used analogically in decision-making during team discussions and negotiations in a business company too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to point out to the stress and burden that arise from pedagogical work. The paper defines the possibilities of school social work it is specifically dedicated to pedagogical staff members as a possible target group of school social workers. Attention is also given to the negative phenomenon of work - stress and burnout. Their relationship with pedagogical staff is verified in a research study. At the end of the paper, the self-care possibilities for pedagogues are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open data represent a significant potential for a business development through strategic planning and innovation management. They can also serve as a tool for increasing transparency and reducing corruption. Yet, open data are still neglected and they are not given enough importance. This might be caused by insufficient information support of open data. The paper aims to analyze the current level of application of open data by a primary questionnaire survey on a sample of private sector companies and public sector organizations in the Czech Republic. The results of this paper represent a comprehensive overview of current open data applications by companies and organizations in the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education represents an ongoing and never ending process aiming to prepare learners for processing and execution of future tasks. Employee training in business organizations equips workers with know-how that is essential for their work. Diverse educational methods are utilized in various fields of industry with different efficiency. Traditional educational methods consisting of static texts and pictures are perceived as protractive, boring and time consuming. These aspects of established learning processes hamper further self-development and lack demonstrativeness. This paper analyses actual situation of currently utilized educational methods in selected industry sectors with focus on application of innovative methods using ICT and describes implementation of virtual reality into employee training in automotive industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Having a child with an incurable disease is a very difficult situation for the family and it interferes with their whole lives. Palliative care is provided by a specially educated multidisciplinary team that works closely with the members so that they can solve all kinds of problems together. In addition to healthcare professionals, social workers are often a part of the multidisciplinary team as well. The paper shows the specifics of paediatric palliative care, its current trends, development and further characteristics of work of social workers. Through ongoing research the authors are mapping the current state of providing palliative care in Slovakia. The paper presents partial results focused on roles of social workers in selected organizations providing specialized paediatric palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is a holistic review of the issues associated with optimal capital structure. In the first part of the paper, there is the description and comparison of the analyses sample, i.e. enterprises operating in construction businesses. Then, the paper analyses the impact of factors determining capital structure and empirical verification of validity of theories related to optimal capital structure in conditions specific for the Slovak Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the incidence of client violence in the Slovak Republic. The author presents a definition of client violence. It offers an overview of research on the issue of client violence in the helping professions with an emphasis on research undertaken in the field of social work in different countries. The author presents a retrospective view of client violence research - comparison of results obtained in 2007 and 2013. The findings confirm the increased incidence of all forms of client violence. It also offers a comparison of client violence with researches from different countries. At the end of this paper the author is checking the relationship between client violence and supervision and preventive measures for victims of workplace violence, which she verified by the correlation analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to identify the level of subjective well-being of students attending the Special vocational school for children with physical disabilities with consideration of their gender. The next aim is to determine the relationship between the dimensions of subjective well-being male and female students. The research group consists of 130 students attending the Special vocational school for children with Physical disabilities (19.03±2.57 years). Students were divided into groups based on the gender differences (87 male students. 43 female students). We used the standardized Berne questionnaire of subjective well-being (BSW-Y) to determine the level of positive and negative dimensions. We recorded gender differences in the sample of our students. Our findings indicate that there are some differences between the genders in consideration of their state of the subjective wellbeing. The data were statistically tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test used to test the normality of distribution. The Mann Whitney-U test was used to determine differences between samples. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the strength of the relationship between selected variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every individual need social contact with other people in his or her life, to feel belonging, solidarity. If these needs are not fulfilled, he/she is threatened by loneliness, which significantly affects the quality of life of a person. It is particularly difficult to experience loneliness during adolescence. This alone is challenging for effective coping. Moreover, if the adolescent comes from a socially dependent environment, which is often not very stimulating, experiencing loneliness can lead to many negative phenomena, such as risk behaviour of a young person. The paper offers theoretical background and results of empirical research on the issue of experiencing loneliness in adolescents, while specifically focusing on young people from socially disadvantaged background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the consumption on the goods and services market in the cybernetic model of the EU-15 (the older member states of the European Union). The theoretical basis is given by the consumption function in the short-term, the macroeconomic multiplier of the two-sector economy and the cybernetic model with the goods and services market. All the above-mentioned theory is applied to the real conditions of the 15 selected countries, which are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and United Kingdom. A case study is shown on the example of Austria, whose consumption parameters are most similar to the median. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AI provides the concept of machine learning that helps to automate the decision-making process by analyzing data inputs. This paper is focused on the usage of AI mechanisms in the Czech Republic across business segments. The data from the Czech statistical office provided from 6 794 companies on the usage of mechanism as text mining, speech recognition and generation, image recognition, and machine learning robotic process automatization. The most used mechanism is image recognition, which used all of the sectors and the least are speech generation and machine learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of artificial intelligence methods in medicine requires large volumes of input data available. The source of this data is electronic health records. Extraction of data from health records is accompanied by a number of difficulties, mainly associated with their being filled out in any form and doctors using various abbreviations when putting down the information. The paper describes a method of processing electronic health records which allows extracting the necessary information from them - the one needed for building work algorithms of artificial intelligence software complexes and their learning. The method was developed and tested out on electronic health records filled out in Russian. For working with medical documents filled out in other languages, it needs no special adaptation. For this, it is sufficient to change teaching data and perform complete learning of all models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, R&D works urge researchers to create their own laboratory equipment. The paper describes an approach to creating a laboratory-scale plant which allows tests germinating ability of seeds by two methods and monitoring the plants growth progress further while modeling various ambient conditions. Based on patent information retrieval conducted, analysis of scientific and technical literature, and systemization of the selected material, the technical design assignment was worded. As a result of the comparative analysis performed using the method of function, structure, and technology analysis and synthesis of technical solutions, the laboratoryscale plant design has been developed which is up to all the set requirements. This laboratory unit design is distinguished by its versatility, low cost, simple structure, accessibility of materials employed, and it does not need any utility connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]