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In this study, a new structure is proposed based on the body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice structure by adding a cubic truss in the center of the BCC structure and denoting it TLC (truss–lattice–cube). The different dimensions of the central cube can notably affect the mechanical properties of the lattice structure. With a fixed length (15 mm) of a unit cell, the optimal size for the central cube is determined to be 5 mm. Quasi-static compressive tests are performed on specimens made of polylactic acid (PLA) using additive manufacturing technology. The deformation characteristics of the new structure are analyzed in detail by experiments and numerical simulations. Compared to the BCC structure, the mechanical properties of the TLC structure were significantly improved. The initial flow stress of the TLC increased by 122% at a strain of 0.1; the specific strength enhanced by 293% at a strain of 0.5; and the specific energy absorption improved by 312% at a strain of 0.6. Printing defects in the lattice structure may remarkably damage its mechanical properties. In this work, incorporation of microcracks into the finite element model allows the simulation to capture the influence of printing defects and significantly improve the predictive accuracy of the simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]