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A novel, facile and universal N2 plasma approach to form single atom metal sites (Pt, Pd, Ag, Cu, and Co) is proposed. Fast nucleation and slow growth of metal ions under low temperature plasma are the premise to form single atoms. These isolated metal atoms are subsequently trapped by in situ doped nitrogen. We provide a new route to expand the toolbox of single-atoms preparation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co, N co-doped carbon (CoN@C) with properly engineered heteropores was facilely synthesized using metal carbonate hydroxides as metal precursor and multistage porogen. CoN@C therefore exhibits superior ORR catalytic activity with a half-wave potential of 0.876 V vs. RHE, and the CoN@C-based zinc-air battery can be stably cycled for 100 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile boron doping strategy to improve the nitrogen retention in carbon-based catalysts is developed toward efficient oxygen reduction reaction via offsetting the electron migration. By considering the hetero-porous structure at the same time, this B, N co-doped catalyst outperforms commercial Pt/C in terms of both activity and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]