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Hot stamping of high-strength steel plays an increasingly important role as the demand for automotive lightweighting increases. However, the existing hot stamping process faces challenges such as a lack of digital monitoring, limited monitoring scope, unintuitive production data, and untimely analysis of production events. This paper proposes a framework for a hot stamping production monitoring system based on digital twin technology. By exploring key technologies, including finite state machine (FSM) modeling of the production process, collection, and storage of multi-source data, a digital twin monitoring system for the hot stamping line was developed by combining the data with virtual 3D equipment for multi-dimensional information integration. The system can visualize production information from multiple dimensions and reproduce the production process to analyze production events. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the digital twin system were verified through real-world scenarios, providing valuable insights for hot stamping production process monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high-residual and bioaccumulation property of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) creates enormous risks towards the ecological environment and human health, promoting the research for smart adsorbents and detection methods. Herein, 2D hemin-bridged MOF nanozyme (2D-ZHM) was fabricated and applied to the efficient removal and ultrasensitive dual-mode aptasensing of OPs. On the one hand, the prepared 2D-ZHM contained Zr-OH groups with high affinity for phosphate groups, endowing it with selective recognition and high adsorption capacity for OPs (285.7 mg g−1 for glyphosate). On the other hand, the enhanced peroxidase-mimicking biocatalytic property of 2D-ZHM allowed rapid H2O2-directed transformation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine to oxidic product, producing detectable colorimetric or photothermal signals. Using aptamers of specific recognition capacity, the rapid quantification of two typical OPs, glyphosate and omethoate, was realized with remarkable sensitivity and selectivity. The limit of detections (LODs) of glyphosate were 0.004 nM and 0.02 nM for colorimetric and photothermal methods, respectively, and the LODs of omethoate were 0.005 nM and 0.04 nM for colorimetric and photothermal methods, respectively. The constructed dual-mode aptasensing platform exhibited outstanding performance for monitoring OPs in water and fruit samples. This work provides a novel pathway to develop MOF-based artificial peroxidase and integrated platform for pollutant removal and multi-mode aptasensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that the Invariant Subspace Problem for Hilbert spaces is equivalent to the statement that all minimal non-trivial invariant subspaces for a universal operator are one dimensional. In this paper, we characterize all linear fractional composition operators and their adjoints that have universal translates on the space S 2 (D) . Moreover, we characterize all adjoints of linear fractional composition operators that have universal translates on the Hardy space H 2 (D) . In addition, we consider the minimal invariant subspaces of the composition operator C φ a on S 2 (D) , where ϕa(z) = az + 1 − a, a ∈ (0, 1). Finally, some relationships between complex symmetry and universality for bounded linear operators and commuting pairs of operators on a complex separable, infinite dimensional Hilbert space are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrocellulose is a typical nitro-energetic material that has been widely used in civil and military fields; however, its high flammability and explosibility have made it the main hazard factor in many industrial accidents. Understanding the thermal characteristics of this material is the basis for effective hazard control. Therefore, we investigated the thermal stability parameters of nitrocellulose by using multiple calorimetric techniques (thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and adiabatic accelerating calorimetry). The Friedman, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, Starink, and Vyazovkin thermokinetic methods were used to analyze the activation energy of nitrocellulose under different oxygen contents (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 21%). In addition, the mechanisms of thermal decomposition, adiabatic temperature rise, time to conversion limit, and self-accelerating decomposition temperature were determined. The results reveal that the thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose in a nitrogen atmosphere was a one-step autocatalytic reaction. The activation energy under different oxygen contents showed an "increase–stabilize–decrease" trend during thermal decomposition. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for the suitable production, storage, transportation, and usage of nitrocellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In nature, orchid seed germination and seedling development depend on compatible mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal generalist and specificity affect the orchid distribution and rarity. Here, we investigated the specificity toward fungi in the rare D. huoshanense by mycorrhizal fungal isolation and symbiotic germination in vitro. Twenty mycorrhizal fungal strains were isolated from the roots of adult Dendrobium spp. (six and 12 strains from rare D. huoshanense and widespread D. officinale, respectively, and two strains from D. nobile and D. moniliforme, respectively) and 13 strains belong to Tulasnellaceae and seven strains belong to Serendipitaceae. Germination trials in vitro revealed that all 20 tested fungal strains can stimulate seed germination of D. huoshanense, but only nine strains (~ 50%) can support it up to the seedling stage. This finding indicates that generalistic fungi are important for early germination, but only a few can maintain a symbiosis with host in seedling stage. Thus, a shift of the microbial community from seedling to mature stage probably narrows the D. huoshanense distribution range. In addition, to further understand the relationship between the fungal capability to promote seed germination and fungal enzyme activity, we screened the laccase and pectase activity. The results showed that the two enzymes activities of fungi cannot be directly correlated with their germination-promoting activities. Understanding the host specificity degree toward fungi can help to better interpret the limited geographic distribution of D. huoshanense and provides opportunities for in situ and ex situ conservation and reintroduction programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to propose two modified forward-backward splitting algorithms for zeros of the sum of a maximal monotone operator and a Bregman inverse strongly monotone operator in reflexive Banach spaces. We prove weak and strong convergence theorems of the generated sequences by the proposed methods under some suitable conditions. We apply our results to study the variational inequality problem and the equilibrium problem. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed methods. The results presented in this paper improve and generalize many known results in recent literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DExD/H-box helicases play critical roles in multiple cellular processes, including transcription, cellular RNA metabolism, translation, and infections. Several seminal studies over the past decades have delineated the distinct functions of DExD/H-box helicases in regulating antiviral innate immune signaling pathways, including Toll-like receptors, retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-the stimulator of interferon gene, and NOD-like receptors signaling pathways. Besides the prominent regulatory roles, there is increasing attention on their functions as nucleic acid sensors involved in antiviral innate immunity. Here we summarize the complex regulatory roles of DExD/H-box helicases in antiviral innate immunity. A better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of DExD/H-box helicases' regulatory roles is vital for developing new therapeutics targeting DExD/H-box helicases and their mediated signaling transduction in viral infectious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Viral infections pose a severe threat to humans by causing many infectious, even fatal, diseases, such as the current pandemic disease (COVID-19) since 2019, and understanding how the host innate immune system recognizes viruses has become more important. Endosomal and cytosolic sensors can detect viral nucleic acids to induce type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokines, subsequently inducing interferon-stimulated genes for restricting viral infection. Although viral RNA and DNA sensing generally rely on diverse receptors and adaptors, the crosstalk between DNA and RNA sensing is gradually appreciated. This minireview highlights the overlap between the RNA- and DNA-sensing mechanisms in antiviral innate immunity, which significantly amplifies the antiviral innate responses to restrict viral infection and might be a potential novel target for preventing and treating viral diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wireless communication plays an important role in modern higher education. This paper first analyzes the storage mechanism and data structure of the hierarchical network model, then fits the time series of user behavior attribute data, and uses the information-filtering algorithm to filter the interference information and redundant information in the social network. The feature extraction of association rules applies fuzzy data clustering to the mining and clustering of relational data in hierarchical networks. The simulation results show that the algorithm model has high accuracy and reliability and improves the ability of deep mining in English teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to show that for one-sided symbolic systems, there exists an uncountable distributionally scrambled set contained in the set of proper positive upper Banach density recurrent points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study a special instance of the split inverse problem (SIP), which is the split variational inclusion problem (SVIP). Three simple iterative methods for solving it are introduced and weak and strong convergence theorems are established under mild and standard assumptions. As an application, the problem of minimizing two proper, convex, and lower semi-continuous functions is considered. We compare and illustrate the efficiency and applicability of our schemes for several numerical experiments as well as an example in the field of compressed sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gynecological cancers are a leading cause of mortality for women, including ovarian cancer (OC), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC), and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). Nevertheless, these gynecological cancer types have not elucidated the role of cuproptosis and the correlated tumor microenvironment (TME) infiltration features. CRGs had important potential molecular functions and prognostic significance in gynecological cancers, especially in UCEC. Hub CRG, FDX1, was correlated with the CD8+ T cell immune infiltration in UCEC and CESC. FDX1 OE could significantly repress the proliferation ability in UCEC cells by MTT, EdU, and clone formation. High levels of FDX1 could repress ATP and lactic acid but enhance ROS and glucose levels by metabolism assay. The xenograft tumor model indicated that FDX1 OE significantly inhibited the growth of UCEC and attenuated the PCNA, HK2, PKM2, and Ki-67 expression. These CRGs are significant roles that could be potential markers and treatment targets to optimize the TME immune cell infiltration features for gynecological cancer types. FDX1 is a hub CRGs in UCEC to promote immune infiltration and attenuate proliferation and metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let E be a nonempty closed uniformly convex and 2-uniformly smooth Banach space with dual E∗ and A : E∗ → E be Lipschitz continuous monotone mapping with A− 1(0) ≠ ∅. A new semi-implicit midpoint rule (SIMR) with the general contraction for monotone mappings in Banach spaces is established and proved to converge strongly to x∗ ∈ E, where Jx∗ ∈ A− 1(0). Moreover, applications to convex minimization problems, solution of Hammerstein integral equations, and semi-fixed point of a cluster of semi-pseudo mappings are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, there is a growing concern regarding the safety of assisted reproductive technology (ART) due to increased risk of spontaneous abortion (SA) and imprinting disorders in ART-conceived offspring. Early investigations suggested that aberrant genetic imprinting may be related to pregnancy loss; however, few studies have used human tissue specimens. Here the DNA methylation patterns of 3 imprinted genes, including maternally inherited GRB10 and the paternally inherited IGF2 and PEG3 genes, were evaluated in human chorionic villus samples by pyrosequencing and bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction. The samples were divided into 4 groups: (1) SA of natural conception (NC; n = 84), (2) induced abortion of NC (n = 94), (3) SA after ART (n = 73), and (4) fetal reduction after ART (n = 86). The methylation levels and the percentages of abnormal methylation of the IGF2, GRB10, and PEG3 genes between the ART group and the NC group showed no significant difference. Both IGF2 and GRB10 genes showed higher methylation levels in the SA group compared to the non-SA group. Additionally, determining the single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 4 loci, including IGF2 rs3741205, rs3741206, rs3741211, and GRB10 rs2237457, showed that the TC+CC genotype of IGF2 rs3741211 had a 1.91-fold increased risk of SA after ART. However, there was no association between the mutant genotype of IGF2 rs3741211 and the methylation levels of IGF2 and H19, and ART might not affect the distribution of the abovementioned genotypes. It provides support for the opinion that genetic imprinting defects may be associated with SA, which might not be due to ART treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a swine herpesvirus that causes significant morbidity and mortality in swine populations and has caused huge economic losses in the worldwide swine industry. Currently, there is no effective antiviral drug in clinical use for PRV infection; it is also difficult to eliminate PRV from infected swine. In our study, we set out to combat these swine herpesvirus infections by exploiting the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We designed 75 single guide RNAs (sgRNA) by targeting both essential and non-essential genes across the genome of PRV. We applied a firefly luciferase-tagged reporter PRV virus for high-throughput sgRNA screening and found that most of the sgRNAs significantly inhibited PRV replication. More importantly, using a transfection assay, we demonstrated that simultaneous targeting of PRV with multiple sgRNAs completely abolished the production of infectious viruses in cells. These data suggest that CRISPR/Cas9 could be a novel therapeutic agent against PRV in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we report the results of an investigation into the sintering temperature dependence of magnetic and transport properties for GdBaCo O synthesized through a sol-gel method. The lowering of sintering temperature leads to the increase of oxygen content and the reduction of grain size. The increase of oxygen content results in the enhancement of magnetic interactions and the weakening of Coulomb repulsion effect, while the reduction of grain size improves the magnetoresistance effect. Metal-insulator transition accompanied with spin-state transition is observed in all samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing evidences have demonstrated that inflammation is involved in the mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). As an important and easy-to-measure inflammatory marker, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) shows a high association with mortality in patients with stroke in recent studies. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic role of NLR in patients with AIS. One hundred forty-three patients with AIS were enrolled. Clinical data were collected and the NLR was calculated from the admission blood work. The patients were followed up for 3 months after stroke onset. The occurrence of death and the major disability at 3 months after onset were end points in this study. Modified Rankin Scale score ≥3 was considered as poor outcome. In this study, 75 patients (52%) had poor outcome. We used binary logistic regression model to evaluate risk factor for poor outcome of AIS and found that the NLR was independently associated with the poor outcome of 3 months ( P < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value for NLR as a predictor for 3-month outcome was 2.995. Therefore, in our study, high NLRs inversely predicted 3-month outcome in patients with AIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is a member of the genus Lentivirus of the family Retroviridae. Horses are the most susceptible equids to EIAV infection and are therefore the primary hosts of this virus. In contrast, infected donkeys do not develop clinically active equine infectious anemia (EIA). This phenomenon is similar to what has been observed with HIV-1, which fails to induce AIDS in non-human primates. Interestingly, Shen et al. developed a donkey-tropic pathogenic virus strain (EIAV, DV117) by serially passaging a horse-tropic pathogenic strain, EIAV (LN40), in donkeys. LN40, which was generated by passaging a field isolate in horses, displayed enhanced virulence in horses but caused no clinical symptoms in donkeys. Infection with DV117 induced acute EIA in nearly 100 % of donkeys. Genomic analysis of DV117 revealed a significantly higher frequency of A-to-G substitutions when compared to LN40. Furthermore, detailed analysis of dinucleotide editing showed that A-to-G mutations had a preference for 5'TpA and 5'ApA. These results strongly implicated the activity of the adenosine deaminase, ADAR1, in this type of mutation. Further investigation demonstrated that overexpression of donkey ADAR1 increased A-to-G mutations within the genome of EIAV. Together with our previous finding that multiple mutations in multiple genes are generated in DV117 during its adaptation from horses to donkeys, the present study suggests that ADAR1-induced A-to-G mutations occur during virus adaption to related new hosts contributing to the alteration of EIAV host tropism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diallyl phthalate (DAP), a crucial raw material in producing resin materials, has been studied widely in terms of its polymerization process and application in material modification. However, less attention has been paid to its safety. In this study, the influence of initiators on the thermal hazard of DAP was examined from various viewpoints by conducting thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry experiments and by performing thermokinetic analysis with multiple models. Moreover, the reaction mechanism of DAP was studied. The three-step autocatalysis reaction simulations agreed well with the experimental findings obtained for DAP. The simulated conversion limit time and time to the maximum rate under adiabatic conditions indicate that the thermal hazard of DAP can serve as a reference for controlling its production and storage temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hazardous chemicals often have the characteristics of high-energy and high-risk, and environmental factors have a significant impact on them. Trinitrophloroglucinol, as an essential energetic intermediate, is widely used in the modern military, aerospace, and energy fields. It is the representative substance of aromatic nitro compounds. Due to the unique properties of nitro, it has both an electron absorption conjugation effect and an electron absorption induction effect. These two effects lead to nitro becoming an electron absorption group, giving it high energy. For such dangerous substances containing nitro, it is of far-reaching significance to study the impact of environmental changes on their safety status. To determine the thermal safety performance of these substances in different external environments, different calorimetric devices, including thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and accelerating rate calorimeter, are used to simulate different storage environments. Combined with calorimetric data, thermokinetic models suitable for trinitrophloroglucinol were established for thermal safety analysis. The results provide some quantitative guidance for the use and storage of aromatic nitro compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toluene sulfonation is a typical synthetic process in the modern chemical industry. However, there are unexpected thermal hazards in this process, resulting in thermal runaway accidents. Aiming at the toluene sulfonation process's thermal safety and its product p-toluenesulfonic acid's thermal stability, this study adopted the reaction calorimeter and differential scanning calorimetry to test its thermal behaviour. A variety of nonisothermal methods were used to calculate the kinetic parameters. Through the autocatalytic model and n-order model simulations, the reaction mechanism was speculated. The comparison showed that the apparent activation energy values calculated by iso-conversional methods were more reliable. The findings of the study can provide helpful data and suggestions for the toluene sulfonation reaction and product safety to reduce the potential risks in the industrial process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which deals with pharmacokinetics of linezolid in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with cerebral hemorrhage post-surgical intervention. Topics discussed include calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters by the pharmacokinetic software; positive impact of standard dosage and administration of linezolid; and taking duration of intravenous infusion into consideration for proper therapeutic effect.

An approach is proposed for producing compressed sensing (CS) matrices via multidimensional pseudo-random sequences. The columns of these matrices are binary Gold code vectors where zeros are replaced by −1. This technique is mainly applied to restore sub-Nyquist-sampled sparse signals, especially image reconstruction using block CS. First, for the specific requirements of message length and compression ratio, a set Λ which includes all preferred pairs of m-sequences is obtained by a searching algorithm. Then a sensing matrix A is produced by using structured hardware circuits. In order to better characterize the correlation between any two columns of A, the average coherence is defined and the restricted isometry property (RIP) condition is described accordingly. This RIP condition has strong adaptability to different sparse signals. The experimental results show that with constant values of N and M, the sparsity bound of A is higher than that of a random matrix. Also, the recovery probability may have a maximum increase of 20 % in a noisy environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using XRD measurements of illite crystallinity, b values of K-rich white micas and chemical compositions of chlorites combined with homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in calcite, the metamorphic P- T conditions of very low-grade metapelites from different depths in the 7 km Hongcan Well 1 in the Zoigê Depression, Sichuan, China, have been obtained in this paper. Knowledge of the tectonic evolution of the studied basin allows us to derive geothermal curves for Middle and Late Triassic time (the geothermal peak) and the present day (from thermal logging of the borehole). The retrograde P- T tracks from clockwise P- T- t loops have been revealed by the plotting of individual samples on each geotherm, which can be interpreted by the lithospheric thickening due to sedimentation and folding followed by continuous uplift and erosion. A stratigraphic log indicates that the Well penetrates the steep limb of a fold which perturbed the peak geotherm and caused some P- T paths to cross. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flake-like LiV(PO)/C has been successfully synthesized by rheological phase method using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as template; the LiV(PO)/C without PVA assistance has been prepared for comparison. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the two samples are well crystallized, and no impurity phases are detected. The scanning electron microscopy results reveal that there is a significant difference in morphologies between PVA-assisted sample and sample without PVA; the former shows a flake-like morphology, while the latter presents regular granular shape with some agglomeration. Transmission electron microscopy images reveal that LiV(PO) particles are coated with a uniform surface carbon layer. The lattice fringes with a spacing of 0.428 nm can be clearly seen from the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image. The PVA-assisted sample shows a discharge capacity of 120, 110, and 96 mAh g at 1 C, 20 C, and 50 C, respectively; however, the sample without PVA exhibits a lower discharge capacity. Based on the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the lithium ion diffusion coefficients of LiV(PO)/C and PVA-assisted LiV(PO)/C are 4.19 × 10 and 4.99 × 10 cm s, respectively. In summary, it is demonstrated that using PVA as a template can obtain flake-like morphology and significantly improve the comprehensive electrochemical performances of LiV(PO)/C cathode material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In general, it is difficult to evaluate host resource utilization of parasitoids by examining the biomass of concealed wood borers at parasitism, because the larval tissues of parasitized hosts observed in field surveys are often almost completely consumed. This work explored a precise and convenient method for evaluating the biomass of concealed wood-boring insect pests after they are parasitized. Allometric scaling laws were used to determine mathematical relationships between larval weight and other size variables in two host insects: the emerald ash borer [EAB], Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, and the oak long-horned beetle [OLB], Massicus raddei (Blessig). These insects are hosts of the parasitoid Sclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Our results showed that body weight among different instars was significantly different for both host species, with greater overlap between neighboring instars. Mean larval weight had a highly significant exponential relationship with instar number. EAB larval weight showed a highly significant power relationship to body length and width, width of the prothoracic plate, peristoma width, urogomphus length, and anteriormost width of the urogomphus. Significant power relationships were also observed between OLB larval weight and body size parameters (including body length, length of the mesothoracic spiracle, width of the prothoracic plate, distance between the main ocelli, and mandible length). These findings indicated that host biomass could be easily calculated if any one size variable could be measured at the time of parasitism. Allometric methods provide a precise means of evaluating time-specific biomass of concealed wood borers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Survival and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are highly dependent on rapid and accurate diagnosis of myocardial damage. Troponin T is the primary diagnostic biomarker and is widely used in clinical practice. Amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay (AlphaLISA) may provide a solution to rapidly detect a small amount of analyte through molecular interactions between special luminescent donor beads and acceptor bead. Here, a double-antibody sandwich assay was introduced into AlphaLISA for rapid detection for early diagnosis of AMI and disease staging evaluation. The performance of the assay was evaluated. The study found that the cTnT assay has a linear range of 48.66 to 20,000 ng/L with a limit of detection of 48.66 ng/L. In addition, the assay showed no cross-reactivity with other classic biomarkers of myocardial infarction and was highly reproducible with intra- and inter-batch coefficients of variation of less than 10%, notably, only 3 min was taken, which is particularly suitable for clinical diagnosis. These results suggest that our method can be conveniently applied in the clinic to determine the severity of the patient’s condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The do-it-yourself (DIY) culture has been continuously articulated since mid-1920s. The DIY spirit gets gradually spread because people realize that DIY activities are a way to confirm their personal creativities, outsource results, and expand their social contacts. We are motivated to design and implement a computing environment to support users to DIY their personalized Internet-of-things (IoT) applications. Before a person starts his DIY processes, it is important for him to find proper components that meet his needs. This article records our recent results concerning how to automatically discover and recommend existing components to users. The controlled fully automated ontology-assisted matching strategy (C-FOAM) is a matching strategy that contains algorithms at three different levels-string, lexical, and conceptual (or graphical). In this paper, we extend C-FOAM and embed it in a component discovery and recommendation module, which is called do-it-yourself component discoverer and recommender (DIY-CDR). DIY-CDR also uses semantic decision tables (SDT) to gather user specific decision rules and set up parameters for C-FOAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elemental and Li-Sr-Nd isotopic data of minerals in spinel peridotites hosted by Cenozoic basalts allow us to refine the existing models for Li isotopic fractionation in mantle peridotites and constrain the melt/fluid-peridotite interaction in the lithospheric mantle beneath the North China Craton. Highly elevated Li concentrations in cpx (up to 24 ppm) relative to coexisting opx and olivine (<4 ppm) indicate that the peridotites experienced metasomatism by mafic silicate melts and/or fluids. The mineral δLi vary greatly, with olivine (+0.7 to +5.4‰) being isotopically heavier than coexisting opx (−4.4 to −25.9‰) and cpx (−3.3 to −21.4‰) in most samples. The δLi in pyroxenes are considerably lower than the normal mantle values and show negative correlation with their Li abundances, likely due to recent Li ingress attended by diffusive fractionation of Li isotopes. Two exceptional samples have olivine δLi of −3.0 and −7.9‰, indicating the existence of low δLi domains in the mantle, which could be transient and generated by meter-scale diffusion of Li during melt/fluid-peridotite interaction. The Nd/Nd (0.5123-0.5139) and Sr/Sr (0.7018-0.7062) in the pyroxenes also show a large variation, in which the cpx are apparently lower in Sr/Sr and slightly higher in Nd/Nd than coexisting opx, implying an intermineral Sr-Nd isotopic disequilibrium. This is observed more apparently in peridotites having low Sr/Sr and high Nd/Nd ratios than in those with high Sr/Sr and low Nd/Nd, suggesting that a relatively recent interaction existed between an ancient metasomatized lithospheric mantle and asthenospheric melt, which transformed the refractory peridotites with highly radiogenic Sr and unradiogenic Nd isotopic compositions to the fertile lherzolites with unradiogenic Sr and radiogenic Nd isotopic compositions. Therefore, we argue that the lithospheric mantle represented by the peridotites has been heterogeneously refertilized by multistage melt/fluid-peridotite interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several severe fires and explosions have happened in the past couple of decades. The major cause is addressed to the process reaction initiator. The cumulative heat effect can occur during processing, storage, and transportation. Acetic anhydride, one of the most crucial polymerization initiators, has been investigated in the present paper regarding its high thermal hazard risk. To analyze the thermal stability of acetic anhydride, a reaction calorimeter was used to determine the thermal parameters for stability assessment. We examined acetic anhydride samples under isothermal conditions of 40, 50, and 60 °C and considered factors such as stirring rate, feed rate, and temperature. The findings imply that the optimum operating environment for hydrolysis of acetic anhydride is 50 °C. The Arrhenius equation was used to determine the apparent activation energy of acetic anhydride hydrolysis as 57.77 kJ mol–1. A multiple nonlinear regression model was established to further confirm that the acetic anhydride reaction system was autocatalytic, along with an n-order reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jurkevich method is a useful method to explore periodicity in the unevenly sampled observational data. In this work, we adopted the method to the light curve of Cyg X-1 from 1996 to 2012, and found that there is an interesting period of 370 days, which appears in both low/hard and high/soft states. That period may be correlated with black hole physics and accretion disk geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Surgical site infection (SSI) frequently occurs in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) after tumor resection and can lead to death in severe cases. Moreover, there is no definitive conclusion about the risk factors of SSI. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to study the factors affecting the SSI. Methods: The HNC patients included in this study were all from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (CSU), and these patients received surgical treatment in the department from January 2018 to December 2019. The cross tabulation with chi-squared testing and multivariate regression analysis were applied to determine the risk factors of SSI. To identify the key risk factors of SSI, the caret package was used to construct three different machine learning models to investigate important features involving 26 SSI-related risk factors. Results: Participants were 632 HNC patients who underwent surgery in our department from January 2018 to December 2019. During the postoperative period, 82 patients suffered from SSI, and surgical site infection rate (SSIR) was about 12.97%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that diabetes mellitus, primary tumor site (floor of mouth), preoperative radiotherapy, flap failure, and neck dissection (bilateral) are risk factors for SSI of HNC. Machine learning indicated that diabetes mellitus, primary tumor site (floor of mouth), and flap failure were consistently ranked the top three in the 26 SSI-related risk factors. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus, primary tumor site (floor of mouth), flap failure, preoperative radiotherapy, and neck dissection (bilateral) are risk factors for SSI of HNC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: 2,4,6,8,10, 12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10, 12-hexazepane (CL-20) is a new energetic material with high performance and low sensitivity. In-depth study of the thermal decomposition mechanism of CL-20 is a necessary condition to improve its performance, ensure its safety, and optimize its application. On the basis of a large number of empirical force fields used in molecular dynamics simulation in the past, the machine learning augmented first-principles molecular dynamics method was used for the first time to simulate the thermal decomposition reaction of CL-20 at 2200 K, 2500 K, 2800 K, and 3000 K isothermal temperature. The main stable resulting compounds are N2, CO2, CO, H2O, andH2, where CO2 and H2O continue to decompose at higher temperatures. The initial decomposition pathways are denitration by N–N fracture, ring-opening by C–N bond fracture, and redox reaction involving NO2 and CL-20. After ring opening, two main compounds, fused tricyclic pyrazine and azadicyclic, were formed, which were decomposed continuously to form monocyclic pyrazine and pyrazole ring structures. The most common fragments formed during decomposition are those containing two, three, four, and six carbons. The formation rule and quantity of main small molecule intermediates and resulting stable products under different simulated temperatures were analyzed. Methods: Based on ab initio Bayesian active learning algorithm, efficient and accurate prediction of CL-20 is made using the dynamic machine learning function of Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package (VASP), which constructs the energy potential surface by learning a large number of data based on AIMD calculations. The result is a machine learning force field (MLFF). Then the molecular dynamics of CL-20 was simulated using the trained MLFF model. PAW pseudopotentials and generalized gradient approximation (GGA), namely, Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional, are used in the calculation. The plane wave truncation energy (ENCUT) is set to 550 eV, and using the Gaussian broadening, the thermal broadening size of the single-electron orbital is 0.05 eV. A van der Waals revision of the system with Grimme Version 3. The energy convergence accuracy (EDIFF) of electron self-consistent iteration is set to 1E-5 eV and 1E-6 eV, respectively. The two-step structure optimization is carried out using 1′1′1 k point grid and conjugate gradient method. The ENCUT was changed to 500 eV and EDIFF to 1E-5 eV, and NVT integration (ISIF = 2) of Langevin thermostat was used for machine learning force field training and AIMD simulation of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sampling and reconstruction of signals in a shift-invariant space are generally studied under the requirement that the generator is in a stronger Wiener amalgam space, and the error estimates are usually given in the sense of L p , 1 / ω -norm. Since we often need to reflect the local characteristics of reconstructing error, the asymptotic pointwise error estimates for nonuniform and average sampling in a non-decaying shift-invariant space are discussed under the assumption that the generator is in a hybrid-norm space. Based on Lemma 2.1–Lemma 2.6, we first rewrite the iterative reconstruction algorithms for two kinds of average sampling functionals and prove their convergence. Then, the asymptotic pointwise error estimates are presented for two algorithms under the case that the average samples are corrupted by noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer (BC) is a severe danger to women's lives and health globally. S100A11 is aberrantly expressed in many carcinomas and serves a crucial function in cancer development. However, the role of S100A11 in BC is unclear. In this study, we utilized multiple databases and online tools, including the TCGA database, cBioPortal, and STRING, to evaluate the significance of S100A11 in BC prognosis and immune infiltration. We found that S100A11 was considerably more abundant in BC tissues. Survival analysis indicated that individuals with S100A11 high expression of BC had shorter overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high S100A11 expression independently influenced the poor outcome of patients with BC (HR = 1.738, 95%CI 1.197–2.524). Our nomogram incorporating five factors, including S100A11, age, clinical stage, N, and M, was developed to anticipate the survival probability in BC prognosis. The model demonstrated good consistency and accuracy. Furthermore, the mutation rete of S100A11 was 14%. Survival analysis suggested that breast cancer patients with S100A11 mutation had a worse prognosis. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that S100A11 may be mainly involved in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Finally, we discovered a correlation between S100A11 expression and immune cell infiltration on BC. S100A11 expression was positively associated with 17 immune checkpoint-related genes. In conclusion, this study indicates that S100A11 may contribute to a worse prognosis for BC and potentially has a significant impact through its influence on immune cell infiltration and the IL-17 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroimaging-based brain age prediction using deep learning is gaining popularity. However, few studies have attempted to leverage diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to predict brain age. In this study, we proposed a 3D convolutional neural network model (3DCNN) and trained it on fractional anisotropy (FA) data from six publicly available datasets (n = 2406, age = 17–60) to estimate brain age. Implementing a two-loop nested cross-validation scheme with a tenfold cross-validation procedure, we achieved a robust prediction performance of a mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.785 and a correlation coefficient of 0.932. We also employed Grad-Cam++ to visualize the salient features of the proposed model. We identified a few highly salient fiber tracts, including the genu of corpus callosum and the left cerebellar peduncle, among others that play a pivotal role in our model. In sum, our model reliably predicted brain age and provided novel insight into age-related changes in brains' axonal structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspired by the works of Alvarez and Attouch (Set-Valued Anal. 9:3-11, 2001), López et al. (Inverse Probl. 28:ID085004, 2012), Takahashi (Arch. Math. (Basel) 104(4):357-365, 2015) and Suantai et al. (Appl. Gen. Topol. 18(2):345-360, 2017), as well as Promluang and Kuman (J. Inform. Math. Sci. 9(1):27-44, 2017), we propose a new inertial algorithm for solving split common null point problem without the prior knowledge of the operator norms in Banach spaces. Under mild and standard conditions, the weak and strong convergence theorems of the proposed algorithms are obtained. Also the split minimization problem is considered as the application of our results. Finally, the performances and computational examples are presented, and a comparison with related algorithms is provided to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of our new algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspired by the work of Zegeye (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 343:663-671, 2008) and the recent papers of Chidume et al. (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2016:97, 2016; Br. J. Math. Comput. Sci. 18:1-14, 2016), we devise a viscosity iterative algorithm without involving the resolvent operator for approximating the zero of a monotone mapping in the setting of uniformly convex Banach spaces. Under concise parameter conditions we establish strong convergence of the proposed algorithm. Moreover, applications to constrained convex minimization problems and solution of Hammerstein integral equations are included. Finally, the performances and computational examples and a comparison with related algorithms are presented to illustrate the efficiency and applicability of our new algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) currently has a poor prognosis with a 6.9-year median survival time; to relieve this malignant cancer, we proposed to establish CRC xenografts that can be used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of adoptive chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and accelerate the clinical translation of CAR-T cells for use against CRC. We first verified that CD318 had a higher expression level in primary human CRC tissues than in normal tissues based on hundreds of clinical samples. Then, we redirected CAR-T cells containing anti-CD318 single-chain variable fragment (anti-CD318 scFv), CD3ζ, CD28, and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) domains. Next, we evaluated the function of these CAR-T cells in vitro in terms of surface phenotype changes, cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion when they encountered CD318+ CRC cells. Finally, we established two different xenograft mouse models to assess in vivo antitumor activity. The results showed that CAR318 T cells were significantly activated and exhibited strong cytotoxicity and cytokine-secreting abilities against CRC cells in vitro. Furthermore, CAR318 T cells induced CRC regression in different xenograft mouse models and suppressed tumors compared with CAR19 T cells. In summary, our work demonstrates that CAR318 T cells possess strong antitumor capabilities and represent a promising therapeutic approach for CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, two new Cu(II)-based coordination polymers {[Cu2(pdc)2](DMF)2}n (1, H2pdc = pyridine-3,5-bis(phenyl-4-carboxylic) acid) and {[Cu2(ndc)2(bpee)2]2.5H2O}n (2, H2ndc = 1,2-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, bpee = trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene) have been successfully prepared under different solvothermal conditions. In addition, the anti-proliferation activity of compounds 1 and 2 was detected against the human non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H1650 with MTT assay. The cell viability curves and compounds IC50 values indicated that both of these two new synthesized compounds have anti-proliferation activity on NCI-H1650 cells, and compound 1 showed stronger inhibitory effect than compound 2. And then, the LDH detection and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay was used to explore the manner of NCI-H1650 cell death. The intracellular ATP and ROS level was measured to confirm whether the apoptotic cell death was caused in a mitochondrial-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxytocin (OT), a peptide hormone and neuromodulator, is involved in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system and the periphery. However, the regulation and functional sequences of spatial OT release in the brain remain poorly understood. We describe a genetically encoded G-protein-coupled receptor activation-based (GRAB) OT sensor called GRABOT1.0. In contrast to previous methods, GRABOT1.0 enables imaging of OT release ex vivo and in vivo with suitable sensitivity, specificity and spatiotemporal resolution. Using this sensor, we visualize stimulation-induced OT release from specific neuronal compartments in mouse brain slices and discover that N-type calcium channels predominantly mediate axonal OT release, whereas L-type calcium channels mediate somatodendritic OT release. We identify differences in the fusion machinery of OT release for axon terminals versus somata and dendrites. Finally, we measure OT dynamics in various brain regions in mice during male courtship behavior. Thus, GRABOT1.0 provides insights into the role of compartmental OT release in physiological and behavioral functions. A sensor for oxytocin reveals mechanisms of oxytocin action with high spatiotemporal precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula (RIF), with A4S4 as a major ingredient, is an oral arsenic used in China to treat pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The efficacy of RIF is similar to that of arsenic trioxide (ATO). However, the effects of these two arsenicals on differentiation syndrome (DS) and coagulation disorders, the two main life-threatening events in children with APL, remain unclear. We retrospectively analyzed 68 consecutive children with APL from South China Children Leukemia Group-APL (SCCLG-APL) study. Patients received all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on day 1 of induction therapy. ATO 0.16 mg/kg day or RIF 135 mg/kg·day was administrated on day 5, while mitoxantrone was administered on day 3 (non-high-risk) or days 2–4 (high-risk). The incidences of DS were 3.0% and 5.7% in ATO (n = 33) and RIF (n = 35) arms (p = 0.590), and 10.3% and 0% in patients with and without differentiation-related hyperleukocytosis (p = 0.04), respectively. Moreover, in patients with differentiation-related hyperleukocytosis, the incidence of DS was not significantly different between ATO and RIF arms. The dynamic changes of leukocyte count between arms were not statistically different. However, patients with leukocyte count > 2.61 × 109/L or percentage of promyelocytes in peripheral blood > 26.5% tended to develop hyperleukocytosis. The improvement of coagulation indexes in ATO and RIF arms was similar, with fibrinogen and prothrombin time having the quickest recovery rate. This study showed that the incidence of DS and recovery of coagulopathy are similar when treating pediatric APL with RIF or ATO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fireworks are composed of flammable and explosive materials, and during manufacture, transportation, and related processes, these materials are susceptible to static electricity, impact, friction, and explosion degradation, causing fire- and explosion-related accidents. Sorbitan monooleate (SPAN-80) is a widely used emulsifier in emulsion explosives. This study used differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis to characterise the propellant reaction kinetics in fireworks to explore the safety effects of emulsifiers on propellants. Additionally, the intensity of the thermal decomposition reaction of the propellant after the addition of the emulsifier was compared. Simulation models were used to simulate the thermal hazards of propellants and emulsified propellants. The results reveal that the emulsifier affected the decomposition process of the propellant, and the presence of the emulsifier reduced the sensitivity of the propellant. This paper also outlines the thermal hazard parameters of fireworks by using a thermokinetic model, which can serve as a reference for related research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The relation between the human body movements and cognition has been a research hotspot in physical education and health promotion in recent years. This study applied the embodied cognition theory to examine the effects of the Movement Integrity with Intelligent Play (MIIP) program on preschoolers' math performance. Objective: This study explores whether the Movement Integrity with Intelligent Play is connected with math performance, physical activity (PA) levels, and enjoyment of kindergarten students. Method: A quasi-experimental trial was delivered to evaluate the effects of the MIIP program that integrated bodily movements into math cognitive tasks related to pattern cognitive skills. A total of 54 (N = 54, 30 girls, Mage = 75.69 ± 3.36) children from two preschool classrooms served as participants and were assigned to one of the following two conditions: the integrated condition group (ICG, n = 28), and the conventional condition group (CCG, n = 26). During a 2-week intervention period, the ICG received a task-relevant PA (3×30 min/wk) in addition to their regular in-school math lessons (2×30 min/wk). Finally, math performance, PA levels, and enjoyment were assessed. Results: Following the intervention, significant differences (p < 0.05) in math performance, PA levels, and enjoyment were found in the ICG. The results demonstrated that preschool children in ICG outperformed children in the CCG. Children in the CCG showed no significant differences in math performance and PA levels. In addition, children in the ICG scored higher scores (M = 9.25 ± 2.71) on perceived enjoyment of the instructional method than children in the CCG (M = 7.07 ± 3.91). Conclusions: The integrated intervention has beneficial effects not only on math performance, PA levels but also on enjoyment. Transforming the focus of instruction to an integrated PA enhanced both math performance, PA levels, and increased enjoyment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Notch signaling are important for the growth and invasion of pancreatic cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. miR-34a has been shown to play pivotal roles in the progression of several types of cancer. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of miR-34a in pancreatic cancer processes. The aim of this study was to determine whether miR-34a has negative effects on pancreatic cancer and whether these effects are related to EMT and Notch signaling. In vitro, we demonstrated that miR-34a inhibited, while miR-34a inhibitors enhanced, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC-1 and SW-1990).These effects were reversed by Snail1 overexpression or Snail1 shRNA. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic effects of the miR-34a inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells were abrogated by Notch1 shRNA. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that the Snail1 and Notch1 genes were direct targets of miR-34a. In vivo, we also demonstrated that miR-34a inhibited pancreatic cancer growth by decreasing Snail1 and Notch1 expression. Therefore, our results indicate that miR-34a inhibits pancreatic cancer progression by post-transcriptionally regulating Snail1 and Notch1 expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural gas-fired electricity (NGFE) is expected to play a more important role in the future due to its characteristics of low pollution, high efficiency and flexibility. However, its development in China is impeded by its high regulation price compared with coal power. Market reform is therefore of vital importance to promote the penetration of NGFE. The objective of this study is to analyze the impacts of market reform and the renewable electricity (RE) subsidy policy on the promotion of NGFE and RE. A dynamic game-theoretic model is developed to analyze the interaction among the NG supplier, the power sector and the power grid. Three scenarios are proposed with different policies, including a fixed regulation price of NG and electricity, real-time pricing (RTP) of NG and electricity, and subsidy targeted at RE. The results show that: (1) market reform can sharply decrease the NG price and consequently promote the development of NGFE and RE; (2) subsidy targeted at RE not only promotes the penetration of NGFE and RE, but also increases the utilization ratio of renewables significantly; (3) market reform and the subsidy also enhance consumers' welfare by reducing their power consumption expenditure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Al80Mg5Li5Zn5Cu5 light-weight high-entropy alloy with globular microstructure was fabricated by isothermal heat treatment. The effects of isothermal temperatures and holding times on the semi-solid microstructure evolution were investigated. The results indicate that, with increase of the isothermal temperature, the average grain size increases and the spheroidization time shortens. With prolongation of holding time, the shape factor increases firstly and then decreases, and the average grain size decreases at first and then increases when the isothermal temperature is below 520 °C, however it increases gradually at 540 °C. The optimal semi-solid microstructure is obtained at 520 °C for 30 min, whose shape factor and average grain size are 0.90 and 56.4 µm, respectively. Compared with as-cast Al80Mg5Li5Zn5Cu5 light-weight high-entropy alloy, the compressive strength and plasticity of semi-solid Al80Mg5Li5Zn5Cu5 light-weight high-entropy alloy are increased by 36% and 108%, respectively. The formation of semi-solid microstructures includes three stages: melting separation, spheroidization, and coarsening growth. The sluggish diffusion effect of Al80Mg5Li5Zn5Cu5 light-weight high-entropy alloy leads to a low coarsening rate, resulting in slow grain growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]