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To treat the impact of trauma, most current evidence supports the use of trauma-focused psychotherapy as the first line approach. However, millions of individuals exposed to trauma worldwide seek Complementary and Integrative Health (CIH) therapies in hopes of achieving wellness above and beyond reducing symptoms. But what is the evidence for CIH interventions? What are potential pitfalls? Given the growing popularity of and strong interest in CIH, EJPT is featuring research on these approaches in this special issue. The papers range from common interventions such as mindfulness to the use of service dogs and scuba diving to alleviate trauma related symptoms. A featured editorial highlights the importance of defining when, where, and how placebo responses work. Nonspecific elements of treatment such as positive expectations, therapeutic rituals, healing symbols, and social interactions are identified as factors influencing treatment response and scientists looking to add to the CIH evidence base are encouraged to consider the impact and methodological challenges these elements present. CIH interventions more specifically recognize and harness some of these factors in addition to intervention-specific factors such as attention or emotion regulation along with focus on overall wellbeing. The body of work in this special issue supports the emerging evidence for meditative and relaxation-based interventions and illustrates a creative but nascent state of the field. Cross-intervention mechanisms that may play a role in achieving wellness, such as arousal reduction, emotion regulation, posttraumatic growth, and positive affect are highlighted. The trauma field would benefit from accumulation of evidence for promising CIH interventions, evaluation of potential mechanisms, and examination of health and wellbeing outcomes. With the paucity of high-quality trials, it would be premature to recommend CIH interventions as first-line treatments. However, the emerging literature on CIH continues to advance our understanding of what works and how these interventions exert their effects. Complementary and Integrative Health (CIH) interventions for trauma that target holistic wellness above and beyond symptom reduction are increasingly used in the real world, though the evidence base lags. Papers in this issue support the emerging evidence for efficacy of mindfulness or other meditative or relaxation-based interventions. This special issue illustrates creative approaches but also the need for continued research establishing efficacy, evaluating more inclusive outcomes (e.g. a sense of wellbeing or ability to pursue valued life goals), and identifying potential mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) are often comorbid and difficult to treat. The availability of evidence-based treatment guidelines is very limited and there is significant uncertainty about what best practice looks like. Objective: This paper describes the methodology used to develop expert recommendations for the assessment and psychological treatment of PTSD and comorbid SUD and presents the final recommendations. Methodology: A small committee of experts in the field of PTSD and SUD was formed on behalf of the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS) Board. The committee developed recommendations based on a two-stage process. In the first stage a systematic review of randomised controlled trials of psychological interventions aimed at treating PTSD-SUD comorbidity was completed, and other recent relevant reviews systematic were also considered. To complement the recommendations based on systematic review, the second stage involved the review and collation of existing guidance, good practice and consensus recommendations made in methodologically rigorous clinical practice guidelines. Results: The two-stage process resulted in 9 recommendations related to assessment and 21 recommendations related to treatment planning and delivery. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to provide expert recommendations based on a systematic review of the literature and through collation of guidance provided in other authoritative and reliable sources. These expert recommendations will provide helpful guidance to clinicians and service providers in both addiction and mental health settings about appropriate clinical care for those with PTSD SUD comorbidity. This project aimed to develop expert recommendations for the assessment and psychological treatment of PTSD and comorbid substance use disorder. Trauma-focused psychological intervention combined with treatment for SUD is the most effective treatment for PTSD symptoms and for alcohol use disorder treatment benefits appear to be strongest when combined with alcohol targeted pharmacotherapy. The presence of co-occurring SUD should not prevent or exclude individuals from receiving established evidence-based treatments for PTSD and readiness to engage in evidence-based treatment should be evaluated on an individual basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Traumatic events can cause social tension, anxiety, panic and other psychological crises, and can even cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicide. Physical activity has a good role in promoting mental health, and has a great application prospect in individual psychological intervention after traumatic events. However, no systematic review of the relationship between physical activity and individual mental health after traumatic events affecting many people has been published so far, which makes it impossible for people to understand the research status in this field from a holistic perspective. Objective: This review explores the relationship between physical activity and individual psychology, physiology, subjective quality of life and well-being after traumatic events, so as to provide some valuable clues or enlightenment for individual psychological intervention after traumatic events. Method: Relevant literature was searched in five databases, summarised, sorted and studied. Results: Thirty-three study papers were included in this review, the main study findings include: (1) Physical activity is positively correlated with individual mental resilience and subjective well-being after traumatic events, and negatively correlated with anxiety, depression, tension and PTSD. (2) Individuals with higher levels of physical activity have better mental health status after traumatic events than those who do not regularly engage in physical activity. (3) Physical activity can promote sleep quality, self-efficacy, subjective quality of life and various physiological functions of those experiencing traumatic events. (4) Physical activity (including exercise) is regarded as one of the preferred nursing measures to buffer against mental stress and maintain physical and mental health for those experiencing traumatic events. Conclusion: The level of physical activity is positively correlated with individual physical and mental health before and after traumatic events. Physical activity can be used as one of the effective measures to improve individual mental health after traumatic events. Physical activity can be used as one of the important measures to improve mental health of those experiencing traumatic events. Regular physical activity can reduce the impact of traumatic events on mental health, both before and after the events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Risky alcohol use is a major public health problem globally and in Sri Lanka. While a reduction in alcohol consumption can result in physical, mental, and social benefits, behaviour change is difficult to achieve. Effective, context-adapted interventions are required to minimise alcohol-related harm at a community level. THEATRE is a complex, community-based intervention evaluating whether a promising Sri Lankan pilot study that utilised arts-based research to moderate alcohol use can be scaled up. While the scaled-up pilot study protocol is presented elsewhere, the aim of this protocol paper is to describe the intervention programme theory and evaluation design, and modifications made to the study resulting from COVID-19 and the financial crisis. Drawing on the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and Theoretical Domains Framework, behaviour change theories are presented with potential pathways to guide implementation and evaluation. Alcohol consumption patterns and context of drinking is detailed. The multifaceted intervention targets individuals and communities using arts-based interventions. Four of nine BCW functions are employed in the design of the intervention: education, persuasion, modelling and enablement, and training. Modifications made to the study due to COVID-19 and the financial crisis are described. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka (ERC/2018/21—July 2018 and Feb 2022) and the University of Sydney (2019/006). Findings will be disseminated locally to community members and key stakeholders and via international peer-reviewed publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Approximately 280 million people around the world suffer from depression, and the rates are higher among women than men. For women living in informal settlements in lower – and middle-income countries (LMICs) the prevalence and associated burden of depressive symptoms may be particularly high. The purpose of this paper was to explore factors associated with possible major depressive disorder (MDD) in a probability sample of women living in Mathare informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya and to identify potential points for intervention and/or support. Quantitative surveys were conducted with 552 women aged 18–75. Possible MDD was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire and regressed on individual, household/familial-, and community/interpersonal-level factors. Findings highlight the potential importance of factors such as physical health, economic stress, access to water and sanitation, household and family dynamics, and neighbourhood/village differences in possible MDD among women living in informal settlements. We identify potential points for research, intervention and policy including: providing appropriate tangible assistance or interventions to reduce economic stress/strain; expanding access to water and sanitation and, in doing so, reducing potential burdens to physical health; providing and expanding healthcare to include mental healthcare; and investigating family dynamics and bolstering support for families, particularly for those experiencing conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gambling behavior is a prevalent problem requiring the development of effective behavioral interventions targeting reductions in the behavior. Many theories of social cognition can be adopted to identify the specific psychological mechanisms interventions should target and how interventions can be designed to manipulate them. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate how the Reasoned Action Approach can be used to achieve these aims. The paper outlines the steps involved in identifying relevant psychological determinants for intervention when adopting the theory. Behavior change is then discussed and the importance of translating intentions and maintaining change is emphasized. It is hoped that the paper encourages the development of a greater number of theory-based interventions targeting reductions in gambling behavior. Doing so may lead to a reduction in the number of people participating in the behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empathy is one of the most consistent outcome predictors in contemporary psychotherapy research. The function of empathy is particularly important for the development of a positive therapeutic relationship: patients report positive therapeutic experiences when they feel understood, safe, and able to disclose personal information to their therapists. Despite its clear significance in the consulting room and psychotherapy research, there is no single, consensual definition of empathy. This can be accounted by the complex and multi-faceted nature of empathy, as well as the ambiguous and conflicting literature surrounding it. This paper provides a historical exploration of empathy and its impact on the therapeutic relationship across the most influential psychoanalytic psychotherapies: classic psychoanalysis, person-centered therapy and self-psychology. By comparing the three clinical schools of thought, the paper identifies significant differences in the function of transference and therapist's role. Then, drawing on the different clinical uses of empathy, the paper argues that the earlier uses of empathy (most notably through Jaspers' and Freud's writings) are limited to its epistemological (intellectual or cognitive) features, whilst person-centered and self-psychology therapies capitalise on its affective qualities. Finally, the paper provides a rationale for further study of the overarching features of empathy in contemporary psychotherapy research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The psychological treatment of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) is clinically challenging, and outcomes are often poor. This paper describes a systematic review and meta-analysis which sought to establish the current efficacy for a number of established psychological approaches for adults and adolescents, in comparison to interventions for SUD alone, or other active approaches, following a pre-registered protocol. This review followed PRISMA and Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Data extraction and risk of bias judgements using Cochrane criteria were undertaken by all authors. Primary outcomes were PTSD severity and substance use post-treatment. The quality of findings was assessed using GRADE. Following a comprehensive search, conducted to 13 September 2021, 27 studies were included. We found a relatively high level of dropout across studies. In our main comparisons, we found no benefits for present-focused treatment approaches aimed at improving coping skills beyond those for SUD-only interventions. We found modest benefits for trauma-focused intervention plus SUD intervention post-treatment for PTSD (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.64, −0.08), and at 6–13 months for PTSD (SMD = −0.48, 95% CI −0.81, −0.15) and alcohol use (SMD = −0.23, 95% CI −0.44, −0.02). There were no benefits for cognitive restructuring interventions as a group, but we found a modest effect for integrated cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) for PTSD post-treatment (SMD = −0.33, 95% CI −0.62, −0.04). There was evidence of some benefit for trauma-focused intervention over present-focused intervention for PTSD from a single study and for reduction in dropout for incentivized attendance for trauma-focused intervention from another single study. Most findings were of very low quality. There is evidence that trauma-focused therapy and ICBT can improve PTSD for some individuals, but many patients do not fully engage with treatment and average treatment effects are modest. For PTSD, evidence was strongest for trauma-focused CBT-based approaches, but effects were modest. There was little evidence of any added benefit on substance use, beyond that of standard addiction treatments, for any included intervention. Dropout from treatment was high [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frontline healthcare workers, recovered COVID+ patients who had severe illness, and close others of COVID+ patients who have recovered or died are at risk for clinical levels of mental health symptoms in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESTORE (Recovering from Extreme Stressors Through Online Resources and E-health) was specifically designed for this context. RESTORE is a transdiagnostic guided online intervention adapted from evidence-based cognitive-behavioural therapies. RESTORE was designed to address depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms associated with exposure to COVID-19-related traumatic and extreme stressors, and to overcome multiple barriers to accessing psychotherapies. This paper describes the intervention components and platform, as well as the principles used to develop RESTORE. Current research and future directions in developing and testing RESTORE are outlined. Preliminary data from an initial uncontrolled trial evaluating RESTORE in frontline healthcare workers is highly promising. We believe RESTORE has great potential to provide accessible, evidence-based psychological intervention to those in great need. RESTORE is a transdiagnostic online intervention adapted from evidence-based cognitive-behavioural therapies designed to address mental health symptoms related to exposure to COVID-19-related traumatic and extreme stressors, and to overcome barriers to accessing psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Couple HOPES (Helping Overcome PTSD and Enhance Satisfaction) was created to help overcome a range of barriers to accessing psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and commonly associated intimate relationship problems. Objective: Couple HOPES is a guided, online self-help intervention adapted from Cognitive-Behavioural Conjoint Therapy for PTSD that aims to improve PTSD and enhance relationship satisfaction. Method/Results: This paper describes the processes and principles used to develop the Couple HOPES intervention platform as well as the coaching model and manual used to promote engagement and adherence to the intervention. Conclusions: Current research and future directions in testing Couple HOPES are outlined. Couple HOPES is a guided, online self-help intervention adapted from Cognitive-Behavioural Conjoint Therapy for PTSD. It was created to overcome the many barriers to established in-person evidence-based psychotherapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Experiencing a potentially traumatic event can put individuals at risk for both short-term and long-term mental health problems. While many psychological interventions exist for those who have experienced potentially traumatic events, there remains controversy about the best ways to support them. Objective: This review explores the effect of brief psychoeducational interventions after potentially traumatic experiences on adult recipients' mental health, attitudes towards mental health, and trauma-related knowledge, as well as the perceived acceptability of psychoeducation. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched for relevant published literature. Results: Ten papers were included in the review. There was no evidence that psychoeducation was any more effective in terms of reducing mental health symptoms than other interventions or no intervention at all. There was some evidence that psychoeducation improved attitudes towards and knowledge of mental health immediately post-intervention; one study examined whether these improvements were sustained over the long term and found that they were not. However, psychoeducation was generally highly regarded by participants. Conclusions: This review did not find sufficient evidence to support routine use of brief psychoeducation as a stand-alone intervention. Brief single-session psychoeducation interventions delivered within a month of experiencing a potentially traumatic event do not appear to have a significant impact on mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Psychosis is a public health concern. There is increasing evidence suggesting trauma can play a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of psychosis. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an effective treatment for trauma and could be a vital addition to the treatment of psychosis. Objective: To explore the evidence for EMDR as a treatment for psychosis, focussing on the safety, effectiveness and acceptability of this intervention for this population. Methods: Four databases (Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE PsychINFO), and the Francine Shapiro Library were systematically searched, along with grey literature and reference lists of relevant papers. No date limits were applied as this is an area of emerging evidence. Studies were screened for eligibility based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included studies were quality assessed and data was extracted from the individual studies, and synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria (1 RCT, 2 Pilot studies, 2 Case series and 1 Case report). Across the studies EMDR was associated with reductions in delusional and negative symptoms, mental health service and medication use. Evidence for reductions in auditory hallucinations and paranoid thinking was mixed. No adverse events were reported, although initial increases in psychotic symptoms were observed in two studies. Average dropout rates across the studies were comparable to other trauma-focused treatments for PTSD. The acceptability of EMDR was not adequately measured or reported. Conclusion: EMDR appears a safe and feasible intervention for people with psychosis. The evidence is currently insufficient to determine the effectiveness and acceptability of the intervention for this population. Larger confirmative trials are required to form more robust conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates which factors inherent to the various forms of psychotherapy are conducive to success and which are not. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of communication between the therapist and the patient, with specific regard to the outcome of treatment. The habitual practices and main problems facing healthcare professionals with regard to information and consent to psychotherapy are analysed in the context of the results of some recent studies of outcomes and processes which support the notion that the factors most frequently associated with successful psychotherapy are cooperation, proper information and a shared commitment to achieving the objectives of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper focuses on a single scene from the film Cabaret, a scene that dramatically portrays numerous schisms. This scene and the schisms it portrays dramatically reinforce Emmanuel Levinas's basic tenant that we only become fully human by behaving responsibly to the other. The implications of these schisms for psychotherapy are explored by contrasting the healing stance of Apollo with the healing energy of his more related and eros-orientated half-brothers Dionysus and Hermes--the original psychopomp. The author suggests that integration of most of these schisms is best expressed by Erich Neumann's concept of "wisdom of the heart." The paper concludes with personal material suggesting the shadow and inauthentic stances may emerge in all collective groups and ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past three decades, research and clinical practice related to the field of traumatic stress have developed tremendously. In parallel with the steady accumulation of basic knowledge, therapeutic approaches have been developed to treat people suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related psychological problems. Today, a number of evidence-based treatments are available. They differ in various ways; however, they also have a number of commonalities. Given this situation, clinicians may wonder which treatment program to use, or more specifically, which treatment components are critical for a successful therapy. In this article, seven pioneers who have developed empirically supported psychotherapies for trauma-related disorders were asked to compose an essay of three parts: first, to provide a brief summary of the treatment they have developed; second, to identify three key interventions that are common and critical in treating PTSD; and third, to suggest important topics and future directions for research. The paper ends with a summary highlighting the identified commonalities (psychoeducation; emotion regulation and coping skills; imaginal exposure; cognitive processing, restructuring, and/or meaning making; emotions; and memory processes), pointing to future directions such as trying to better understand the underlying mechanisms of action, and developing treatments that are tailored to the needs of different patient groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Syrian refugees face multiple hardships and adversities which put them at risk for the development of mental health problems. However, access to adequate mental health care in host countries is limited. The WHO has developed Problem Management Plus (PM+), a brief, scalable psychological intervention, delivered by non-specialist helpers, that addresses common mental disorders in people affected by adversity. This study is part of the STRENGTHS project, that aims to evaluate peer-refugee delivered psychological interventions for Syrian refugees in Europe and the Middle East. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the peer-refugee delivered PM+ intervention among Syrian refugees with elevated levels of psychological distress in the Netherlands. Methods: PM+ will be tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) among Arabic-speaking Syrian refugees in the Netherlands aged 18 years and above with self-reported psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale; K10 >15) and impaired daily functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule; WHODAS 2.0 >16). Participants (N = 380) will be randomized into care as usual with PM+ (CAU/PM+, n = 190) or CAU only (CAU, n = 190). Baseline, 1-week post-intervention, and 3-month and 12-month follow-up assessments will be conducted. Primary outcomes are symptoms of depression and anxiety. Secondary outcomes are functional impairment, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, self-identified problems, anger, health and productivity costs, and hair cortisol concentrations. A process evaluation will be carried out to evaluate treatment dose, protocol fidelity and stakeholder views on barriers and facilitators to implementing PM+. Results and Conclusions: PM+ has proved effectiveness in other populations and settings. After positive evaluation, the adapted manual and training materials for individual PM+ will be made available through the WHO to encourage further replication and scaling up. Trial registration: Trial registration Dutch Trial Registry, NL7552, registered prospectively on March 1, 2019. Medical Ethics Review Committee VU Medical Center Protocol ID 2017.320, 7 September 2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental disorders affect a great number of people worldwide. Four out of the 10 leading causes of disability in the world are mental disorders. Because of the scarcity of specialists around the world and especially in developing countries, it is important for primary care physicians to provide services to patients with mental disorders. The most widely researched and used psychological approach in primary care is cognitive behavioral therapy. Due to its brief nature and the practical skills it teaches, it is convenient for use in primary care settings. The following paper reviews the literature on psychotherapy in primary care and provides some practical tips for primary care physicians to use when they are faced with patients having mental disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is increasing attention for embedding research in mental healthcare. This involves a linkage between scientific research and routine practice, where research is fed by questions from practice and scientific insights are implemented better and faster in clinical practice. This paper illustrates bridging the gap, by focusing on eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), and provides arguments why it is relevant to connect research and practice. It also discusses why experimental psychopathology may have a substantial contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition process in Russia and Eastern Europe was dominated in the literature and in policy making by the shock therapy process. However, shock therapy was short-lived. Governments that implemented shock therapy were not able to sustain the reform program since they lost power after the first term as a result of unfavourable electoral results. The new governments implemented gradualism. While after the first term shock therapy governments were substituted by gradualists, a government in favour of shock therapy never substitute any gradualist governments. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that shock therapy was inconsistent with a democratic process of decision-making. Actually shock therapy was only consistent with a pluralistic political structure in the tradition of Hayek, Buchanan and Friedman. Foreign aid was inadequate to ensure the continuation of the shock therapy reforms within a democratic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the emerging problem in social work education of MSW students engaged in private psychotherapy practice concurrent with their graduate education. This problem was brought into sharp focus for the authors when a first-year MSW student submitted an assignment for a direct practice course that was being taught. The student's work consisted of a written paper analyzing a client interview, accompanied by a video-taped excerpt. The client was identified as an individual being seen in the student's own private drug and alcohol counseling practice. Rather than addressing the current crisis, the student instead focused on exploring the client's early childhood traumas, using questionable techniques such as affective arousal, emotional flooding, and uncovering of painful unconscious material. The interview clearly was overwhelming to the client. Because of the student's deficits in professional judgment and inappropriate conduct with this client, a performance review was held to determine whether the student should remain in the program.

The field of treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been a pacesetter for the changing face of psychotherapy, as is illustrated in the introduction of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy. This paper outlines a novel approach that builds on a cognitive-motor interaction in a virtual interactive environment. It is based on the theory of memory reconsolidation and the embodiment of cognition. The framework we envision allows the patient to 'step into the past' by using forward motion as an essential ingredient to augment the impact of exposure to traumatic events. The behavioural response of approaching that is the exact opposite from the avoidance usually applied by patients and the enhancement of divergent thinking are the most prominent hypothesized mechanisms of action. This can contribute to strengthening of personal efficacy and self-reflection that is generated by high emotional engagement, as well as a sense of accomplishment and enhanced recovery as illustrated by a clinical case example. We argue that innovations with personalized virtual reality and motion need to be further investigated and implemented in current therapy settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ADHD is increasingly seen as associated with cerebral dysfunction and caused by it. This development is concomitant with an emphasis on medication, behavioural treatments, and parent training programmes. In contrast, psychoanalytic therapy has receded into the background and is often viewed as inefficient or even noxious. This paper argues that such views are based on a misunderstanding of the scope of psychotherapy. Though much more systematic research is needed to establish its efficacy, it can inform on the ADHD child’s emotional experiences. It can shed light on the connections between his/her inner world and symptoms, such as attention deficits, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. On the other hand, it cannot establish causality in the individual or general case. If we recall that the diagnosis is based on a list of symptoms, not of etiology, we realize that this limitation applies to any scientific perspective on ADHD. Psychoanalytic treatment is one of several approaches to understanding ADHD and helping the child cope with it. This is achieved by the psychoanalytic method, a hermeneutic approach with which the analyst interprets the child’s behaviours and communications as they emerge in the session. The implications of such an approach are discussed.​​​​ [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background: Treatment research for dissociative identity disorder (DID) and closely related severe dissociative disorders (DD) is rare, and has been made more difficult by the lack of a reliable, valid measure for assessing treatment progress in these populations. Objective: This paper presents psychometric data for therapist and patient report measures developed to evaluate therapeutic progress and outcomes for individuals with DID and other DD: the Progress in Treatment Questionnaire – Therapist (PITQ-t; a therapist report measure) and the Progress in Treatment Questionnaire – Patient (PITQ-p; a patient self-report measure). Method: We examined the data of 177 patient–therapist pairs (totalN = 354) participating in the TOP DD Network Study, an online psychoeducation programme aimed at helping patients with DD establish safety, regulate emotions, and manage dissociative and posttraumatic symptoms. Results: The PITQ-t and PITQ-p demonstrated good internal consistency and evidence of moderate convergent validity in relation to established measures of emotional dysregulation, dissociation, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological quality of life, which are characteristic difficulties for DD patients. The measures also demonstrated significant relationships in the hypothesized directions with positive emotions, social relations, and self-harm and dangerous behaviours. The patient-completed PITQ-p, which may be used as an ongoing assessment measure to guide treatment planning, demonstrated evidence of stronger relationships with established symptom measures than the PITQ-t. Conclusions: The PITQ-t and PITQ-p merit use, additional research, and refinement in relation to the assessment of therapeutic progress with patients with DD. Planteamiento: La investigación del tratamiento para el trastorno de identidad disociativo (TID) y los trastornos disociativos (TD) graves que están estrechamente relacionados es poco frecuente y se ha dificultado por la falta de una medida fiable y válida para evaluar el progreso del tratamiento en estas poblaciones. Objetivo: Este artículo presenta los datos psicométricos de las medidas de informes de terapeutas y pacientes desarrolladas para evaluar el progreso terapéutico y los resultados en personas con TID y otros TD: El Cuestionario del progreso del tratamiento - terapeuta (PITQ-t, siglas en inglés de Progress in Treatment Questionnaire - Therapist; una medición mediante informe del terapeuta) y el Cuestionario del progreso del tratamiento - paciente (PITQ-p, siglas en inglés de Progress in Treatment Questionnaire - Patient; una medición mediante autoinforme del paciente). Método: Se examinaron los datos de 177 pares de pacientes-terapeutas (N total = 354) que participaron en el TOP DD Network Study, un programa de psicoeducación online destinado a ayudar a los pacientes con TD a establecer seguridad, regular emociones y manejar síntomas disociativos y postraumáticos. Resultados: El PITQ-t y PITQ-p demostraron buena consistencia interna y evidencia de una validez convergente moderada en relación a las medidas establecidas de desregulación emocional, disociación, trastorno por estrés postraumático y calidad de vida psicológica - dificultades características en pacientes con TD. Las medidas también demostraron relaciones significativas en el sentido establecido por la hipótesis en cuanto a emociones positivas, relaciones sociales, y conductas autolesivas y peligrosas. El PITQ-p completado por el paciente, que puede usarse como una medida de evaluación continua para guiar la planificación del tratamiento, evidenció relaciones más fuertes con las medidas establecidas de los síntomas que el PITQ-t. Conclusiones: El PITQ-t y PITQ-p justifican su uso, investigación adicional y refinamiento en relación con la evaluación del progreso terapéutico con pacientes con TD. 背景:对分离身份障碍（DID）和与其紧密相关的分离障碍（DD）的治疗研究较少，缺少可靠有效的测量使评估这个群体的治疗进展更加困难。 目标：本文呈现了治疗师报告和病人自我报告的心理测量数据用于评估DID和DD病人的治疗进展和结果：治疗进展问卷-医师版（PITO-t，治疗师报告）和治疗进展问卷-患者版（PITO-p，病人自我报告）。 方法：我们分析了177对病人-医生组合参与TOP DD网络研究（一个帮助DD病人建立安全感、调控情绪和管理分离和创伤症状的网上心理教育项目）的数据（总体n=354）。 结果：PITQ-t 和 PITQ-p显示了良好的内部一致性，与情绪失调、分离、创伤后应激障碍和心理生活质量-DD病人的特征性困难表现出中等的聚合效度。和假设一致，这个测量也表现出积极情绪、社会关系、自我伤害和危险行为的显著相关。病人完成的PITQ-p，可以用作持续的评估测量来指导治疗计划，与已成熟的测量工具之间比PITQ-t表现出更强的关联。 结论：PITQ-t 和 PITQ-p和DD病人的治疗进展评估的关系说明它们是值得使用、可以用于研究中和进行改进的的工具。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]