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Paper has been extensively accepted as an ideal platform for fabricating low‐cost, flexible, and environmentally friendly electronics. However, current paper‐based pressure sensors have not fully demonstrated the unique merits of paper, such as cost efficiency, disposability, cuttability, and foldability, mainly because of the limitation of the applied metal electrodes and device configuration. Here, an all‐organic, all‐paper, cuttable, and foldable pressure sensor is demonstrated for the first time, with the high‐conductivity polypyrrole (PPy) printing paper as electrode and the low‐conductivity PPy tissue paper as active layer. Hollow and 3D all‐paper sensors are realized through fabricating the kirigami or origami structure since the device can be freely cut and folded, presenting a universal strategy promising for flexible device design. The cuttability and foldability of device create a unique 3D perception capability. The devices show high sensitivity (4.8 kPa−1 at < 5.5 kPa, 1.7 kPa−1 at 5.5–40 kPa) and wide detection range (up to 40 kPa), providing a capability for full‐range detection of human physiological and motion signals. These results open a feasible route to realize hollow and 3D sensors and fully demonstrate the potential of paper sensors for diverse applications to new‐generation green electronics and portable electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photonic and electronic devices currently face challenges in terms of improved efficiency of energy harvesting and light emission, renewable energy and materials, and the development of eco‐friendly materials. Owing to the emergence of world‐wide concerns about environmental degradation and the ensuing regulations, demand for environmentally friendly technology has been increasing in recent years. As the current technology of creating electronics and photonics devices based on semiconductors heavily relies on processes that produce a series of hazardous chemicals, development of renewable and eco‐friendly materials has become immensely important. Two of the most promising materials in this respect are silk and paper, and this progress report will investigate their unique properties for both photonic and electronic applications. These two natural materials have been intensively studied in the last decades and have shown promising aspects for use in future green technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formaldehyde‐free resin impregnated paper is expected to be applied to interior decoration materials and furniture. This is not only conducive to the development of indoor environment toward green and environmental protection, but also beneficial to people's health. In this work, the formaldehyde‐free resin (waterborne polyurethane and waterborne acrylic acid) mixed with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) were separately coated on a raw decorative paper by a dipping method to obtain formaldehyde‐free impregnated paper with outstanding surface bound strength and abrasion resistance. The surface bound strength and abrasion resistance were tested by means of universal ability test machine and abrasion tester. The results showed that waterborne polyurethane and waterborne acrylic acid enhanced by CNC had excellent dispersion, and the bonding properties of formaldehyde‐free impregnated paper were improved by 41.3 and 33.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, the abrasion resistance of formaldehyde‐free impregnated paper was improved by the crystal effect of CNC. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48931. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world in the 21st century is confronted with multifaceted challenges against rapid climate change and continuous ecological disturbances caused by revolutionary socio‐economic developments, accelerated expansion of disposable electronic gadgets, and growing dependence on unrecyclable raw materials, among others. The ever‐increasing consumer demand for electronic devices is significantly contributing to the world's fastest‐growing waste stream, known as electronic waste (e‐waste), which is becoming an environmental threat at an alarming rate due to its toxic legacy. The ever‐shortening lifespan of smart technologies has created a "tsunami of e‐waste," as the United Nations has characterized it, with 50 million tons accumulated each year, of which only 20% undergo formal e‐recycling. Therefore, the challenge of optimizing the current resources management models with an aim of improving the manufacturing processes and lifecycles of electronic devices, as well as building a circular economy, has become significantly prominent. Paper/cellulose, which covers a wide range of essential needs in everyday scenarios (from packaging to writing utilities), constitutes promising candidates for the effective achievement of a circular economy. Particularly, cellulose is revealed as an advantageous material for electronic applications because of its abundant availability, which contributes to its cost‐effectiveness, straightforward fabrication process, and high recyclability and reproducibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines community, environmental, and human rights activists’ influence on adoption of environmentally-friendly technologies in Indonesia’s pulp and paper industry. The story begins with conflict over the development of an export pulp mill in North Sumatra in the 1980s and continues with the adoption of environmental technologies in Indonesia’s pulp and paper industry in the 1990s. Organising around a number of specific events associated with pulp industry development, activists drew attention to the industry which led to a strengthening of government environmental regulation and enforcement, and hastened the adoption of cleaner production technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the latest development of monolithic microLED display for Augmented Reality (AR) applications is reported, with the focus on R/G/B monochrome display panels and polychrome projectors from Jade Bird Display Limited (JBD). State‐of‐the‐art Red, Green, and Blue microLED display panel performances are presented. Integration of R/G/B monochrome panels through x‐cube led to the world's smallest full‐color display projector with only 0.4cc in volume, ready to be combined with optical combiner towards smart glasses and AR glasses applications. The implementation of MIPI interface and uniformity correction further enhanced flexibility, functionality, and image quality for faster adoption of this new microLED display technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on the progress of microLED microdisplay development at JBD. Mass production of 4.0 µm pixel pitch Red, Green and Blue monochrome panels have commenced, and engineering samples of 2.5 µm pitch panels are now available. The characteristics of the Red panels will be discussed and preliminary results for a 5.0 µm pitch single panel native color monolithic RGB technology shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates the treatment efficiency of a horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland (HSSF-CW) for the removal of chloro-organic compounds from pulp and paper mill wastewater. The surface area of the HSSF-CW unit was 5.25 m² and was planted with Colocasia esculenta. The wastewater was characterized for different chloro-organic compounds, that is, adsorbable organic halides (AOX), chlorophenolics, and chlorinated resin and fatty acids (cRFAs). Under a hydraulic retention time of 5.9 days, the average AOX, chlorophenolics, and cRFA removal from wastewater was 87, 87, and 93%, respectively. Some of the chlorophenolics were found to accumulate in the plant biomass and soil material. The mass balance studies show that a significant fraction of chlorophenolics and cRFA was degraded in the constructed wetland system. Modeling studies were carried out to estimate the first-order area-based removal rate constants (k) for chemical oxygen demand removal. The HSSF-CW was found to be an effective treatment technology for the remediation of pulp and paper mill wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovations may have positive societal effects such as improved environmental performance, and they are often portrayed as solutions to environmental problems. However, the mechanisms through which innovations develop and the ways in which public incentives support improved environmental performance of innovations are complex. This paper uses empirical cases to examine how environmental policies, market factors and technological push affect process and product innovations in the Nordic pulp, paper and packaging industries. The results show that environmental improvements in technologies and products are simultaneously driven by all three of these factors. Environmental innovations are often developed in anticipation of future policy or as side-effects of existing policies. However, while environmental policy directly influences process innovations, its connection to product innovations is less clear. The study points towards the importance of gradually tightening and predictable environmental policies that are flexible enough to allow the exploration of new technological developments. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The applications of enzymes have reached an increasing prominence in the scenario of biocatalysis, stimulated mainly by advances in biotechnological processes to obtain products of high added value. The justification for this is the relevant growth of industrial activities that promote the production of various organic contaminants. Thus, enzymes offer the potential to improve industrial processes used in the food, pharmaceutical, textile, pulp and paper sectors. Specifically, the lignin‐modifying enzymes (LMEs) produced by white rot fungi are versatile biocatalysts. Due to their high specificity, a higher yield of biotechnological processes can be achieved, allowing one to obtain biodegradable products and reducing the amount of waste generated. Thus, evaluating the ligninolytic capacity of these enzymes can be a practical approach from the point of view of bioremediation to develop sustainable procedures in the treatment of recalcitrant organic compounds. In this context, this review provides an overview of the use of LMEs in industrial applicability, as well as their potential in contaminant degradation. Besides, this approach emerges to elucidate further the mechanisms of action and properties of LMEs, which have been gaining relevance in the context of lignocellulosic biorefinery. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historically, outdoor Direct View LED (dvLED) displays have had very wide pixel pitches (up to 40mm). Recent advances allowed outdoor dvLED to go below 1.0mm and compete directly with LCD and OLED. However, these advancements require new approaches electrically and physically for the outdoor markets. We will discuss these challenges and present conclusions to overcome these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we disclose a method to fabricate the three-dimensional (3D) image on an optically rewritable (ORW) electronic paper (e-paper) by deploying the lenticular lenses array on the top of the ORW e-paper. Unlike other autostereoscopic 3D liquid crystal displays, our autostereoscopic 3D ORW e-paper is actually a green technology, which is without electrode and voltage. No electricity is needed to maintain the 3D image on the ORW e-paper. We can easily change a 3D image by erasing and rewriting with photoalignment technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed a novel, deep red phosphorescent emitter (DRD‐II), with a photoluminescence (PL) spectrum as narrow as 30 nm at full‐width‐half‐maximum (FWHM). A top‐emission red organic light emitting device (OLED) built with DRD‐II achieved a current efficiency (CE) of 59 cd/A, operating voltage of 3.2 V and lifetime to 95% of initial brightness (LT95) over 20,000 h at a drive current of 10 mA/cm2 with CIE (x, y) = (0.707, 0.293). We also developed a green phosphorescent organic emitter (GD) whose PL spectrum shows FWHM of 30 nm and peak wavelength (λmax) of 523 nm. A top‐emission green OLED was built with this GD and reached CE of 171 cd/A, voltage of 3.3 V and LT95 > 1,300 h at 10 mA/cm2 with CIE (x, y) = (0.169, 0.777). This is, to our knowledge, the best efficiency and lifetime combination ever reported for a green OLED at this CIE y. Combining these red and green emitters with a commercial blue OLED at CIE (0.131, 0.046), we are able to cover 97% of the BT.2020 color gamut. Through optical simulation, we also provide guidance to further improve red and green emitters. It is found that a red emitter with smaller FWHM not only maintains saturated color at a shorter peak wavelength but also gains luminance efficiency owing to the elimination of longer wavelengths. On the other hand, the simulation demonstrates that it is indeed challenging for phosphorescent green emitters to satisfy BT.2020. Nevertheless, it is possible to reach CIE y = 0.785 with a narrow line shape and minimal shoulder peak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Energy efficiency" and "Green Technology" are currently buzzwords in the display industry. Upcoming mandatory energy regulations are further driving this development, challenging the display industry. Within this context, we would like to demonstrate the advantage of UBplus LC technology for application in TVs. UBplus technology using LC mixtures with negative dielectric anisotropy offers a unique solution to this challenge due to a high transmittance level, whilst retaining the classic FFS cell layout. This paper summarizes the recent developments of liquid crystal mixtures for UBplus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we report on our progress on developing heavy metal free (or Cd‐free) QD‐LEDs for all three colors. With improvement in synthesis we have developed high quantum yield heavy metal free QDs (>95% for Red and Green; >80% for Blue) with peak wavelengths suitable for BT.2020. Building upon these high performance QDs and through novel device structure design and optimization we have demonstrated high efficiency heavy metal free QD‐LEDs with EQE=16.9%, 13%, 9% for Red, Green, Blue, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green information technologies (GITs) constitute a field of research, whose objective is to reduce the environmental pollution caused by masses of people using and producing technology. This paper describes the search for literature related to GIT and technology sustainability in Scopus database. No restriction was imposed on the time period when carrying out the search. The data gathered revealed that the journal with the highest number of publications is Computer, and the most prolific author is Tomoya Enokido, with 45 publications. A total of 53.12% of the documents found in Scopus were Conference Paper. Although no statistically significant differences were detected, countries in the group with less CO2 kton emissions per inhabitant and less income per capita have a higher percentage of publications. The reduction of power consumption in the cloud data centers is a hot topic for future work, because the word cloud appeared in 9 out of the 10 most frequently cited papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this talk, we will present a new platform for a virtual/augmented reality system based on a metalens and a fiber scanning display. The metalens was designed for achromatic focusing of blue, green, and red light. The fiber scanning display features combined desired merits of high resolution, high brightness, high dynamic range and wide color gamut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

VCSELs have recently received increasing attention from engineers and scientists. The progress of the research on GaN‐based VCSELs that allowed blue and green emissions are often one of the main topics discussed in this field. Combining these lasers with existing red VCSELs realized a full‐color light source with superior characteristics of VCSELs, such as small power consumption, circular beam profiles, and arraying ability. These features should be suitable for displays, for example, AR displays. In this report, a brief review of the recent progress regarding these VCSELs and their future applications is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental strategy is currently in transition from a reductionist view of individual technologies in isolation to a holistic and interdisciplinary view of the relationship between society, technology, and environmental impact. As a contribution to this larger effort, this paper uses a systems analytic approach to develop a ‘sector-stream matrix’ of functions and objectives that have an impact on the environment. In particular, the overall ‘built-and-natural-environment system’ is divided into two subsystems, labeled the ‘people’ and ‘product’ streams; analysis of the two streams can be used both qualitatively and quantitatively in order to gain insight into the causes of environmental impact. As an example of the latter, an application of the sector-stream matrix to the breakdown of energy use in the UK is presented. Advantages of the matrix approach over the traditional division into sectors (industrial/transport/other) and other applications and side issues are discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing researches lack systematic design of the operation mechanism and overall implementation process of park oriented multi‐state energy system; The existing researches on multi‐state energy systems ignored the dynamic response characteristics of load and the coupling effect of units considering the impact of carbon emissions, and did not go deep into the collaborative management of multiple multi state energy system parks. To this end, this paper first proposes a two‐stage multi‐energy system operation architecture for low carbon parks, and establishes a mathematical model considering carbon emissions, operating costs and other objectives. The response space of load is optimized by considering the dynamic interaction characteristics of load response and the coupling characteristics of unit operation. Then, considering the problems of data security and training efficiency, F‐DDPG technology is used to conduct collaborative training for multiple campus systems. Finally, an example is given to prove the effectiveness of the method, which is not only conducive to reducing the operating cost of the system and the carbon emissions on the supply side, but also improves the convergence of model training. In the case of collaborative training in multiple parks, the method in this paper converges faster and has better economic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the environmental performance is below the aspiration, will firms make substantive changes? In order to answer this question, based on the behavioral theory of the firm, this paper examines the impact of negative environmental performance feedback on substantive green innovation (GI) and its influencing mechanism. It is found that the negative environmental performance feedback induces substantive GI, which is positively moderated by external regulations (i.e., government environmental regulation and public environmental concern) and internal incentive (i.e., executive equity incentive). Media pressure and risk preference act as mediators in the above promotion effect. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the above promotion effect as well as the moderating effects of external regulations are more pronounced in private firms, while the moderating effect of internal incentive is more pronounced in state‐owned firms. Furthermore, the above promotion and moderating effects are more pronounced after the ESG rating event of SynTao Green Finance Agency. This paper offers new sights into understanding the motives of substantive GI and policy suggestion for promoting firms to achieve sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization and sustainability have been the core drivers of transformation of the financial industry in recent years. In this context, green fintech plays a major role, which, however, is still an unexplored field in business, information systems and finance research. This paper conducts a systematic literature analysis and develops a research agenda based on a framework, which is derived from clustering 74 academic research papers. The framework consists of the four clusters strategy, organization, technology, and potentials along nine dimensions. The research agenda reveals that green fintech is still a very premature field of research. The analysis shows that areas like customer‐ and government‐related services, insurance‐oriented approaches and SDGs which focus on life on land and life below water are still rare and that most of the approaches focus on blockchain technology, while other financial technologies like artificial intelligence are still underrepresented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential of the low carbon city pilot (LCCP) to foster enterprise green technology innovation (EGTI) is contingent upon enhancing the quality of urban development, improving the ecological environment, and ultimately achieving the objective of "double carbon" reduction. Due to this, this article uses data from Chinese A‐share listed businesses in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2009 to 2021 to investigate the effect of LCCP on EGTI. It is found that LCCP significantly contributes to EGTI, and a number of robustness tests later, this finding remains valid. The mechanism analysis confirms that LCCP promotes EGTI by weakening economic policy uncertainty and increasing firms' R&D investment. Through the heterogeneity analysis, this paper explores that optimizing corporate staff structure, increasing media attention, and increasing government subsidies are effective paths to promote EGTI development with LCCP. The moderating effect confirms that executives' environmental cognition plays a positive moderating role between LCCP and EGTI. This paper enriches the related research on the evaluation of the effect of low‐carbon pilots and provides important policy insights for promoting the development of corporate green transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green credit policy, as an environmental regulation instrument in the financial sector, is gradually having an impact on corporate performance in environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG). Based on the implementation of the Green Credit Guidelines policy, this paper investigates the impact of green credit policies on corporate ESG performance from 2011 to 2019 using the double‐difference propensity score matching method (PSM‐DID) and the Heckman two‐stage method, using a sample of A‐share listed companies. It was found that the implementation of the Green Credit Guidelines effectively improved the ESG performance of firms in green credit‐restricted industries relative to non‐green credit‐restricted industries. It is further found that this is mainly due to the increased green focus of corporate executives, while the incremental effect of green credit policies on corporate ESG performance is further strengthened by the increased quality and quantity of corporate green technology innovation. Finally, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the boosting effect of green credit policy on ESG performance of enterprises in green credit‐restricted industries is more prominent in the sample of enterprises with more analyst attention, less financially developed regions and private ones. How to leverage the green credit policy dividend to enhance the ESG performance of enterprises, further refine, and improve the green credit policy to help enterprises' sustainable development are the most direct policy implications of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the effect of state‐society relations (SSR) in the industrial sector on the sustainable economic growth of post‐Revolution Tunisia. The empirical part of the paper depends mainly on qualitative data collected from fieldwork interviews with the most important actors and publications of civil society organizations. The paper suggests the presence of state capture as the defining characteristic of SSR in post‐Revolution Tunisia. The combination of having powerful tycoons, weaker state, and ineffectively organized social actors produced conditions that harmed sustainability. These settings allowed tycoons to violate environmental regulations and prevented Green innovation through the adoption of Green technologies. Yet, factors such as low value‐added creation, increased labor‐intensity, and low environmental awareness or prioritization all interact with state capture to lower sustainability. In those sectors where tycoons are active and dominant, competing social actors are incapable of effectively exploiting the presence of a freer political system, ultimately failing to successfully organize resisting coalitions, as evident in the textile sector. While higher resistance is witnessed where tycoons are not dominant as was the case in the phosphate sector, tycoons could still use the situation to their advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guangdong Juhua has fabricated the world's first 31 inch, 4K, H‐QLED TV, by using ink‐jet printing technology. The Red and Green pixel of H‐QLED TV is made from electrical luminescence quantum dot (QD for short) materials, and Blue pixel is made from soluble blue OLED material. It is a self‐emitting and top emission display with excellent performance brought by quantum dot materials, which provide large colour gamut, wider view angle, high luminance and high resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are gaining high interest in supplying electric energy for remote communities. Energy storage systems (ESS) are utilized by green autonomous HRESs to accommodate the variability of renewable resources such as wind and solar energy systems. The lack of any traditional energy source is adding a great reliability challenge which should be compensated using expensive ESS. This challenge can be avoided by using a pumped hydro energy storage system (PHES) in harmony with batteries. The PHES is an excellent option to be used in NEOM city due to the perfect topographical characteristic of this site. The minimum cost of energy and the highest reliability is used as an objective for sizing the proposed entire green HRES. Using smart grid principles (SGP) and demand‐side management (DSM) in the design and operation stages will minimize system size and cost, which can result in a significant reduction in consumer bills. As a result, this paper introduces an innovative DSM based on a dynamic tariff. The suggested DSM technique was developed utilizing a unique fuzzy logic that takes into account the present and day‐ahead ESS situations to intelligently determine the ideal tariff for the lowest cost and maximum reliability of the HRES. This paper introduces a modified grey wolf optimization (MGWO) technique to shorten convergence time while preserving the best accuracy. The suggested MGWO is assessed against 10 swarm optimization techniques. The payback period of the project is 7 years. The findings acquired from this unique program demonstrated its superiority, with conversion times reduced by 22% to 80% when compared to previous optimization procedures. Furthermore, as compared to the flat rate pricing tariff, the usage of the dynamic tariff lowered the LCOE by 53%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green hub‐and‐spoke airline network (GHSAN) is emerging as a dominant feature due to its excellent economic and environmental‐friendly capabilities. However, environmental GHSAN designs still have some concerns, including single pollutant‐domain oversimplification and lack of comprehensive network‐level operation impacts. This paper proposes a multi‐emission‐driven efficient network design approach for GHSAN, utilizing a system, green, and user threefold optimization methodology. The approach includes a multi‐objective optimization model and a two‐layer solving method. The multi‐objective optimization aims at minimizing multiple emissions, including carbon dioxide, carbonic oxide hydrocarbon, and nitric oxide, while also considering transportation system costs and journey user costs. A two‐layer optimization algorithm is adopted to address different scales of optimization. Real‐world results demonstrate that the proposed method mitigates environmental impact and user costs and increases overall airline density in airline networks. The proposed method can have a 16.29% reduction in green‐fold (10 nodes) and a 12.06% decrease in user costs for the user‐fold (10 nodes). As the number of nodes (15, 25, 50 nodes) and hubs (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 hubs) increase, the genetic algorithm (GA) proves to be more efficient and suitable in large‐scale GHSAN. This work is further significant for the long‐term and sustainable development of the future air transport industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The steel industry is a major source of CO2 emissions, and thus, the mitigation of carbon emissions is the most pressing challenge in this sector. In this paper, international environmental governance in the steel industry is reviewed, and the current state of development of low‐carbon technologies is discussed. Additionally, low‐carbon pathways for the steel industry at the current time are proposed, emphasizing prevention and treatment strategies. Furthermore, the prospects of low‐carbon technologies are explored from the perspective of transitioning the energy structure to a "carbon–electricity–hydrogen" relationship. Overall, steel enterprises should adopt hydrogen‐rich metallurgical technologies that are compatible with current needs and process flows in the short term, based on the carbon substitution with hydrogen (prevention) and the CCU (CO2 capture and utilization) concepts (treatment). Additionally, the capture and utilization of CO2 for steelmaking, which can assist in achieving short‐term emission reduction targets but is not a long‐term solution, is discussed. In conclusion, in the long term, the carbon metallurgical process should be gradually supplanted by a hydrogen–electric synergistic approach, thus transforming the energy structure of existing steelmaking processes and attaining near‐zero carbon emission steelmaking technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agglomeration of financial resources is generally considered to encourage business practices that promote green innovation. In addition, green innovation is also subject to firms' location and may exhibit significant spatial effects. However, most studies failed to consider the complex association between financial resources and green innovation from the lens of geographical proximity. This paper scrutinizes the influence of geographical proximity of financial resources on green innovation with the case of Chinese listed firms. It critically examines the role of trade‐offs between competitive and substitution effects triggered by geographical proximity in this complex relationship. The findings demonstrate that the geographical proximity of financial resources affects firms' trade‐offs between competitive and substitution effects, changing their green innovation activities. In addition, green innovation and distance to financial centers have an inverted U‐shaped association, suggesting an optimal location between the firm and financial centers conducive to green innovation. Finally, internal ownership reinforces the effect of geographical proximity of financial resources on green innovation, while external environmental regulation weakens this effect. Therefore, this paper extends the existing green innovation theory from the lens of geographic proximity. This can help us better understand the influence of geographic proximity of financial resources on green innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the sustainable development of the green technology innovation system (GTIS), more and more people have begun to pay attention to the behavior evolution and strategic choice of participants. This paper develops a four‐participant evolutionary game model to study the interaction and behavior evolution of government, financial institutions, enterprises, and the public on green technology innovation (GTI), determines the payoff matrix of GTIS, derives replicator dynamic equations, calculates evolutionary stability strategies (ESSs) of participants, and identifies evolution paths of ESSs through numerical simulations. The findings show that in most cases, the government prefers to adopt "weak supervision" strategies to regulate the market, and the public prefers to adopt "supervision" strategies to supervise enterprises. Encouraging enterprises to implement GTI through subsidies and funding support is a vital means in the initial stage of sustainable development. It is imperative to establish a multi‐participant collaborative governance mechanism to promote the sustained and sound GTIS development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the conduction of decentralized environmental governance, environmental punishment has become a pivotal complementary tool for local government environment management and an intuitive reflection of governance efficiency. However, the literature concerning the effect of local government environmental punishment towards the green technology innovation of enterprises is void. To bridge this gap, this paper adopts the fixed‐effect model to investigate the impact of government environmental punishment on green technology innovation based on the data of China's A‐share listed enterprises from 2010 to 2020. The study finds that the punishment can significantly promote enterprises' green technology innovation. The distinction between the type of innovation reveals that environmental punishment promotes substantive green technology innovation of enterprises, while the effect on strategic green technology innovation is not significant. As far as the influence path is concerned, external pressure and internal incentive are both important mechanisms for environmental punishment to facilitate the green technology innovation of enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the positive effect of punishment on green technology innovation is more prominent in non‐state‐owned enterprises, heavily polluting industries and regions with strong public awareness of environmental protection. Further discussion reveals that the facilitative effect of punishment on green technology innovation also significantly improves the environmental performance of enterprises. This paper not only confirms the positive role of government intervention in environmental protection, but also provides practical reference for how to improve enterprises' competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the number of green patents granted of listed companies and the number of fintech companies in prefecture‐level cities in China from 2011 to 2018 to investigate the impact of fintech development on corporate green technology innovation and its mechanisms. We find that fintech can significantly promote corporate green technology innovation. Specifically, the promotion effect of fintech works through three channels: alleviating financing constraints, gathering scientific and technological talents, and optimizing environmental regulations. Heterogeneity tests find that its promotion effect is more significant for the eastern region, invention patents, state‐owned enterprises, and low environmental uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green transition requires a reduction in the consumption of fossil fuels, and new innovations suggest that refined biomass can replace fossils within many different industries. In recent years, policy‐makers have therefore framed the bioeconomy as a stepping‐stone for realizing social, economic and environmental objectives in the green transition. However, the policy coherence literature faces a key challenge for analyzing whether these policy goals are indeed compatible: few methods offer a systematic approach for detecting interdependencies and interactions among three (or more) policy goals. The present paper addresses this methodological challenge by proposing a novel set‐theoretic approach, the Alternating Necessity Test, for identifying whether policies are incoherent, weakly coherent, or strongly coherent. The present paper applies this approach to the Nordic bioeconomy context, findings the Nordic bioeconomy strategy to be weakly coherent. This suggests that the Nordic countries can replace fossil fuels with refined biomass without encountering trade‐offs among social, economic and environmental policy goals, but also without experiencing any synergies. Demonstrating how policy coherence and goal compatibility can be conceptualized in set‐theoretic terms, this paper offers a novel tool for identifying those situations in which policy‐makers should focus not only on overcoming incoherence, but on progressing from weak to strong policy coherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the path to achieve carbon neutrality in the construction field, which is divided into five parts: (1) China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and consensus on the development of the construction industry; (2) The sustainable green building development trend and relevant policies in China; (3) The green building evaluation system and common software in China; (4) Building carbon emission evaluation model and the decarbonizing tools for the whole life cycle of construction projects; (5) Carbon emission reduction technology evaluation framework of autoclaved aerated concrete production in China. Through the discussion of this paper, we will jointly provide intellectual and technical support for the exploration and implementation of building carbon neutralization path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green Information Technology (Green IT) emerged as a critical research agenda for reducing organizations' carbon footprints to achieve environmental sustainability. This paper aims to understand the factors that affect the adoption of Green Information Technology in the context of a developing country. Studies that have focused on both individual and organizational level factors (multi‐level approach) remain limited. The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and Technology‐Organization‐Environment (TOE) framework was used as a theoretical lens to address the gap in the literature. The theoretical background and participatory case study (qualitative) as the methodology was used to investigate the factors at multiple levels that could affect Green IT implementation in the developing country context (Indian business school). The findings reveal that three key dimensions affect the implementation of Green IT‐ Need, Scope, and the Inclination to adopt Green IT. Each dimension includes a mix of factors at the individual and organizational levels. This paper contributes to the theory by proposing a framework for multi‐level Green IT adoption. It also provides guidelines to the practitioners for considering the intervention factors at the individual and organizational levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation initiatives are seeking to apply technology to connect people through technology. Sustainable use of technology as part of digital transformation is almost an afterthought. Furthermore, a literature search suggests a gap in applying an overarching system engineering process (SEP) to achieving sustainable digital transformations. This paper contributes a definition of Sustainable Systems Engineering Leadership (SustSEL) to influenced green digital transformation derived from a systems thinking model (STM) that uses cultural considerations and environmental challenges to feed team learning. Because leadership pathways are being codified into system models that are accessible by cross‐functional teams, there is an opportunity for systems engineering leaders to use information technology to improve communications and collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming to diversify the energy matrix, mainly regarding the transport sector, electric vehicles have been used as an option to reduce emissions. Despite many advantages of this technology, such as zero operational GHG emission, better energy efficiency compared to conventional vehicles, and low maintenance costs, the purchase cost is still high in several countries, compromising their adoption by many customers. In this context, this paper aims to evaluate the factors that impact electric vehicles (EV) adoption. A systematic review was conducted considering peer‐reviewed papers published in English from 2016 to 2020, and results were separated into clusters to enable the assessment. The main factors found in the literature that most impacted EV market diffusion negatively were the purchase price and the risks related to the market infancy, while subjective norm, perceived behavior, prior knowledge and experience with EV and government incentives influenced EV adoption positively. This article is categorized under: Human and Social Dimensions > Behavioral ScienceCities and Transportation > Electric MobilityEnergy and Power Systems > Electrification [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The annual global building demolition is burdensome due to the rapid development of cities. The pollution associated with building demolition severely endangers the urban environment. Soundless chemical demolition agents (SCDAs) can effectively avoid environmental hazards in the demolition of concrete buildings. However, related literature on optimal hole layout design is still vacant. The demolition of reinforced concrete slabs was therefore explored in this paper. In total, 18 slab specimens were tested. Results showed that the slab specimens were demolished into several blocks due to sufficient development of cracks. Following this, a set of complete evaluation system was proposed. First, the volumetric expansion ratio of SCDAs was provided as a new evaluation index. Based on this evaluation index, the influences of critical parameters and the influence mechanism of reinforcements were investigated. Second, a novel multi‐parameter hole layout computational model was established. With this model, an optimal hole layout scheme could be obtained. Finally, the application prospect of SCDAs was discussed. This work can open up a new vision for the demolition industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental regulation is an important tool for local governments to intervene in environmental governance. Based on 2008–2017 panel data on 289 cities in China, this paper analyzes the impact of environmental regulation on the supply efficiency of environmental public services and explores whether environmental decentralization changes the effect of environmental regulation. The results show that environmental regulation can significantly improve the supply efficiency of environmental public services, and this finding still holds after a series of robustness tests. The main reason is the improvement in green technology innovation capabilities caused by environmental regulation. Environmental regulation has a more significant positive effect on the supply efficiency of environmental public services in regions with a higher local government governance capacity, lower levels of fiscal decentralization, and a higher pollutant emission intensity. A moderate level of environmental decentralization helps to better promote the supply efficiency of environmental public services through environmental regulation. When the level of environmental decentralization lies between 0.362 and 1.353, environmental regulation effectively improves the supply efficiency of environmental public services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mutual fund plays an important role in corporate governance and corporate social responsibility. From the perspective of the social network, using data from A‐listed companies in China from 2009 to 2016, this paper empirically tests the influence of mutual fund networks on corporate social responsibility behaviours. To solve the sample selection bias in this study, we utilize propensity score matching to find the different social responsibility behaviours between firms with or without highly concentrated mutual funds. Our results suggest that mutual fund investors positively impact a firm's corporate social responsibility performance, as predicted. The fund network centrality and pressure mechanism have a positive impact on corporate social responsibility performance because they provide more peer pressure and network information to firms in which they are heavily invested. This paper provides new evidence on how mutual fund investors affect corporate social responsibility performance, which is meaningful to examine in corporate green governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the development path, assets, and challenges of an initiative for a bioeconomy innovation ecosystem located in a sparsely populated rural area. The case studied is the Bioeconomy Campus in northern Central Finland. Central Finland was one of the European bioregions whose bioeconomy was analyzed from the clustering point of view by the FP7 project BERST - BioEconomy Regional Strategy Toolkit (2013-2015). In this paper, the role of the Bioeconomy Campus in the Finnish research, development, and innovation (RDI) system is described and the development path of the campus is studied in the context of the BERST results from Central Finland. The cluster analyses in BERST were based on information about bioeconomy clusters located mostly in densely populated central European areas with big industries. The potential of the Bioeconomy Campus to further develop and to promote smart growth in the surrounding rural environment is discussed by comparing the fi ndings of this case study with the BERST results and with some results presented in literature on clusters and innovation ecosystems. The main aim of the comparison is to get indication of the relevance and usefulness of this type of down-scaling for further exploitation of BERST results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop a theoretical model to examine the implication of a monopolist's environmental consciousness, which induces it to adopt cleaner technology or to internalize negative environmental externalities of production or both, for the environment. Results show that greater environmental concern of the monopolist may damage the environment more, despite leading to lower emission intensity. This is true regardless of whether consumers value green production or not. This paper also draws implications of technology standard and emission tax as instruments for environmental regulation. This paper provides a theoretical underpinning of the rebound effect in production by showing that the voluntary pro‐environmental compliance behavior may not always mitigate the rebound effect. This suggests that a regulator should be cautious while designing regulatory mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although both the carbon emission trading market (CETM) and government regulatory actions promote companies' green technology innovation (GTI), little research has considered whether such innovation is substantial. In this paper, we categorize companies' GTI strategies into substantial innovation and strategic innovation. Considering market powers, the heterogeneity of companies, and the mutual influence of governments and companies, we construct a tripartite evolutionary game model that involves large and small companies and the government and conduct a simulation utilizing data on China's CETM. Our findings reveal that carbon trading prices, innovation subsidies, and the government's verification mechanism are the main factors that affect companies' choices regarding substantial innovation. However, the current carbon trading prices in China are relatively low, and companies are still likely to choose strategic innovation. Moreover, we find that when the substantial innovation of large companies exerts a greater impact on the product revenues of small companies, small companies are more inclined to choose substantial innovation. Therefore, in an effort to induce companies to choose substantial innovation, the CETM should play the leading role in this situation, and the government should implement different innovation subsidies and improve the verification mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid industrialization and modernization have drastically impaired ecological sustainability and increased ecological footprint (EFP). Despite the vital relevance of renewable energy (REC) and green technological innovation (GTI), in many facets of life, the part played by these factors and their spatial spillover effects in exploring ecological sustainability in EU countries has yet to be well studied. Thus, using a spatial panel econometric technique, this research investigates the direct and spillover effects of GTI and REC on ecological sustainability in 20 selected EU nations between 1995 and 2018. First, the empirical results affirm a positive spatial connection of EFP across nations, implying that employing spatial models can provide more trustworthy results than traditional econometric approaches. Second, both GTI and REC tend to significantly promote domestic ecological sustainability. Third, the environmental quality of EU countries benefit from the high GTI, REC, and human capital of their neighboring nations. Fourth, economic growth and financial globalization (FG) have a negative and significant effect on environmental quality. Other empirical analyses indicated that the indirect effect of FG on EFP is positive and significant. With a focus on the EU countries, this paper assists policymakers in developing a comprehensive strategy for enhancing ecological responsibility via renewable energy and green technology innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of state ownership on a firm's environmental strategy is still unclear due to the varied relationships across different international institutional contexts in the firm's home and host country. Applying mixed effect regression models to a sample of 2997 observations of 298 firms from the MSCI World Index for the period 2007–2018, this paper analyzes the different effects of key institutional factors on this relationship. While a state‐owned firm from a state with a high home country environmental profile will have a more positive effect on a firm's environmental proactivity, internationalization will weaken it, since the firm will encounter higher complexity when translating its green actions into a more global institutional context. In addition, when internationalization involves a very different host country environmental profile, the greater institutional distance seems to modify the influence of state ownership on environmental proactivity. Our results provide key theoretical and practical implications for managers in relation to state‐owned firms' global environmental strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a mixed oligopoly model to explore the optimal licensing strategy of green technology. In our model, either private firm or public firm could be the patentee. We show that when the private firm is the patentee, all the two types of licensing contracts (i.e., fixed fee and royalty) are optimal. However, when the public firm is the patentee, the fixed fee licensing is the optimal licensing contract. We examine the welfare consequence of a privatization policy under the optimal licensing contract and show that the privatization policy hinder the improvement of social welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many cities in China have issued various policies aimed at strengthening the investment and construction of urban parks to promote ecological development. An urban park is often considered by scholars and policy makers only in terms of its ecological and social values. However, its economic externalities have not been studied fully. This paper adopts Points of Interest data to identify and measure the impact of urban park opening on surrounding consumer amenities, based on a difference-in-differences model. The empirical results show that the newly built parks in Guiyang, also known as the "Thousand-park City," promote the surrounding consumer amenities, especially dining and daily-life services. Besides, parks in different locations and with different characteristics show heterogeneity in this spill-over effect. This study enriches the understanding of the economic roles of urban parks, provides references for the planning of urban green space, and supports the urban synchronous economic and ecological development mode to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: With the rapid development of China's economy, the extensive mode of growth supported by coal has caused great damage to resources and the environment. Problems such as gas drainage, coal gangue dumping, water resources destruction, and surface subsidence during the coal mining process have directly led to severe damage to the environment in the mining area to ensure the survival and development of the coal industry, and to achieve sustainable development, we must actively promote the "optimized layout, intensive development, green mining, safe production, and clean use." This paper proposes the multimedia communications model and green low‐carbon development mechanism in coal industry with cloud Internet of Things (IoT) to deal with this challenge. In a distributed computing scenario, the communication bandwidth between different nodes is very limited and heterogeneous, and some different computing nodes support a wide range of computing capabilities. Decentralized computing connects devices with computing power to the network, and the nodes communicate directly or indirectly will deal with this challenge effectively. The multimedia transmission is also applied to guarantee the visualized model. The experiment compared with the other state‐of‐the‐art methodologies has proven that the proposed model has the higher transmission efficiency and robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under a difference‐in‐difference model, this paper takes China's signing of the Paris Agreement in 2016 as a quasi‐natural experimental event to identify the impact of carbon emission risks on a firm's employment creation and its mechanism. The results show that after this event, the employment creation level of high carbon emission risk firms has significantly increased by about 2.19% compared with that of low carbon emission firms. Moreover, increasing green technology innovation and attracting analysts' attention are two underlying channels. Furthermore, the carbon emission risk significantly improves firms' performance through the employment creation channel and makes the managers more optimistic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]