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Implantable biomedical patch used in treating abdominal wall defects requires antibacterial, anti‐adhesion, and pro‐healing activities to ensure surgical success and prevent postsurgical complications. However, it often encounters challenges in fulfilling these three critical properties simultaneously, as these processes can always be contradictory during treatment. Herein, to break the barriers between bactericidal activity and cytocompatibility, cell adhesion and anti‐adhesion, a bio‐inspired patch with an asymmetric Janus structure is developed. This bio‐inspired Janus patch features cicada wing‐inspired nanostructures on its top surface, enabling both mechano–bactericidal effects and promotion of fibroblast adhesion and proliferation, which stems from its inherent “selective biocidal activity” toward bacteria and mammalian cells. Subsequently, a poly‐zwitterion layer with robust nonfouling properties is grafted on the bottom surface, realizing cell adhesion and anti‐adhesion on two sides of the same patch. Compared to the commercially available polypropylene (PP) meshes, the top surface of the Janus patch, which faces the abdominal wall, demonstrates superior capabilities in preventing postoperative infection and promoting tissue repair. Simultaneously, the other side facing the viscera efficiently prevents any visceral tissue adhesion. With these prominent performances, the bio‐inspired Janus patch presents a pioneering strategy for designing next‐generation patches to treat abdominal wall defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a non‐standard finite difference scheme is developed to solve the space fractional advection–diffusion equation. By using Fourier–Von Neumann method, we prove that non‐standard finite difference scheme is unconditionally stable. We further discuss the convergence of numerical method and give the order of convergence. The numerical examples show that the non‐standard finite difference method can effectively reduce the maximum error and improve the accuracy of numerical solution in contrast to classical numerical methods. Moreover, we find that our numerical scheme is very flexible, when we optimize the denominator function of time and space simultaneously, the performance is the best. These studies show that the non‐standard finite difference scheme is feasible and efficient for solving fractional partial differential equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) promotes platelet activation and constitutes a novel antithrombotic target. In this study, we reported that a PDI‐binding plant polyphenol, tannic acid (TA), inhibits PDI activity, platelet activation and thrombus formation. Molecular docking using plant polyphenols from dietary sources with cardiovascular benefits revealed TA as the most potent binding molecule with PDI active centre. Surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that TA bound PDI with high affinity. Using Di‐eosin‐glutathione disulphide fluorescence assay and PDI assay kit, we showed that TA inhibited PDI activity. In isolated platelets, TA inhibited platelet aggregation stimulated by either GPVI or ITAM pathway agonists. Flow cytometry showed that TA inhibited thrombin‐ or CRP‐stimulated platelet activation, as reflected by reduced granule secretion and integrin activation. TA also reduced platelet spreading on immobilized fibrinogen and platelet adhesion under flow conditions. In a laser‐induced vascular injury mouse model, intraperitoneal injection of TA significantly decreased the size of cremaster arteriole thrombi. No prolongation of mouse jugular vein and tail‐bleeding time was observed after TA administration. Therefore, we identified TA from natural polyphenols as a novel inhibitor of PDI function. TA inhibits platelet activation and thrombus formation, suggesting it as a potential antithrombotic agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing highly active nonprecious electrocatalysts with superior durability for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial to improve the efficiency of overall water splitting but remains challenging. Here, a novel superhydrophilic Co4N‐CeO2 hybrid nanosheet array is synthesized on a graphite plate (Co4N‐CeO2/GP) by an anion intercalation enhanced electrodeposition method, followed by high‐temperature nitridation. Doping CeO2 into Co4N can favor dissociation of H2O and adsorption of hydrogen, reduce the energy barrier of intermediate reactions of OER, and improve the compositional stability, thereby dramatically boosting the HER performance while simultaneously inducing enhanced OER activity. Furthermore, the superhydrophilic self‐supported electrode with Co4N‐CeO2 in situ grown on the conductive substrate expedites electron conduction between substrate and catalyst, promotes the bubble release from electrode timely and impedes catalyst shedding, ensuring a high efficiency and stable working state. Consequently, the Co4N‐CeO2/GP electrode shows exceptionally low overpotentials of 24 and 239 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for HER and OER, respectively. An alkaline electrolyzer by using Co4N‐CeO2/GP as both the cathode and anode requires a cell voltage of 1.507 V to drive 10 mA cm−2, outperforming the Pt/C||RuO2 electrolyzer (1.540 V@10 mA cm−2). More significantly, the electrolyzer has extraordinary long‐term durability at a large current density of 500 mA cm−2 for 50 h, revealing its potential in large‐scale applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prediction of carbon price is exceedingly essential for the regulators, investors, and participants of the carbon trading market. It is the basis for formulating market policies and improving risk management capabilities. China's carbon price series are nonlinear and nonstationary, so it is difficult to predict accurately with traditional models. This paper proposes a multiscale ensemble prediction model based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD‐ADD) to improve the prediction accuracy of carbon price. Firstly, EEMD is used to decompose the carbon price sequence into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and these IMFs are divided into high‐frequency component, low‐frequency component and the trend component. Then, LSSVM, PSO‐LSSVM, and BA‐LSSVM are used to predict the three components respectively after comparative analysis. Finally, the results are combined to obtain the final prediction value. In the empirical analysis of the Hubei Emissions Exchange, the proposed model outperforms other comparative models. The RMSE, MAE, and MAPE values of the EEMD‐ADD model are 0.6180, 0.4726, and 1.6342, and the DS, CP, and CD values are 94.36, 92.16, and 96.48. In addition, the model performed best in other time periods. The results suggest that the proposed model is effective and could predict carbon prices more accurately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The differences in plaque histology between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients have been widely accepted. Whether there is a heterogeneity of cells between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques remains largely unclear. To reveal the potential heterogeneity within different plaques, which may contribute to different stroke incidences, we obtained the scRNA-seq data from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients and identified eight cell types present in plaques. Further analysis of endothelial cells (ECs) revealed three distinct EC subpopulations appeared to be endowed with specific biological functions such as antigen processing and presentation, cell adhesion, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Of note, the differentially expressed genes of the EC 2 subpopulation showed that the genes involved in cell adhesion were up-regulated in asymptomatic plaques compared to symptomatic plaques. Integrating the data of intraplaque haemorrhage and plaque stability, the 5th top-enriched biological process was cell adhesion in the stable or non-haemorrhaged plaques compared to unstable plaques or haemorrhaged plaques. Among these cell adhesion-related genes, the intersection gene AOC3 may play a vital role in plaque haemorrhage and plaque stability. Targeting cell adhesion and the specialized genes may provide potential new therapeutic directions to prevent asymptomatic patients from stroke., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)