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Objectives: Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often suffer memory and cognitive impairments, and oxiracetam‐like drugs are considered to have a positive impact on these symptoms potentially. However, the efficacy and safety of L‐oxiracetam and oxiracetam in TBI patients have not been sufficiently investigated. Methods: The study adopts a multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, phase 3 clinical trial design in 74 centers across 51 hospitals in China. A total of 590 TBI patients meeting criteria will be randomly allocated into three groups in a 2:2:1 ratio: L‐oxiracetam group, oxiracetam group, and placebo group. The treatment period is 14 days, with a follow‐up period of 90 days. The primary outcome measure is the change in the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment score at 90 days after treatment. Secondary outcomes include changes in other cognitive assessments, neurological function, activities of daily living, and safety assessments. Discussion: There is no robust evidence to suggest that L‐oxiracetam and oxiracetam can enhance memory and cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate TBI. This study has the potential to answer this crucial clinical question. Trial registration: chinadrugtrials.org.cn, identifier CTR20192539; ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04205565. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aim to identify the specific CD4+ T‐cell subtype influenced by brain‐to‐CLN signaling and explore their role during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method: Cervical lymphadenectomy or cervical afferent lymphatic ligation was performed before TBI. Cytokine array and western blot were used to detect cytokines, while the motor function was assessed using mNss and rotarod test. CD4+ T‐cell subtypes in blood, brain, and CLNs were analyzed with Cytometry by time‐of‐flight analysis (CyTOF) or fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS). Brain edema and volume changes were measured by 9.4T MRI. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results: Cervical lymphadenectomy and ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels resulted in a decreased infiltration of CD4+ T cells, specifically CD11b‐positive CD4+ T cells, within the affected region. The population of CD4+CD11b+ T cells increased in ligated CLNs, accompanied by a decrease in the average fluorescence intensity of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐1 (S1PR1) on these cells. Administration of CD4+CD11b+ T cells sorted from CLNs into the lateral ventricle reversed the attenuated neurologic deficits, brain edema, and lesion volume following cervical lymphadenectomy. Conclusion: The infiltration of CD4+CD11b+ T cells exacerbates secondary brain damage in TBI, and this process is modulated by brain‐to‐CLN signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the difficulties in designing sensor arrays with a wide detection range, high sensitivity, and the sensing ability to convert tangential force into normal force on the same substrate, the integration of shape and texture recognitions in one electronic skin (e‐skin) has not been realized so far. Herein, an e‐skin tactile‐sensing system is presented, based on resistive pressure‐sensing units (serving as Meissner corpuscles) unevenly distributed on a bionic hand‐shaped polyimide substrate, which can realize shape and texture recognitions concurrently. A multilayer microporous structure with different pores is designed and introduced into the sensor, which enables each sensing unit ultrahigh sensitivity and a wide detection range. Meanwhile, a customized micro‐pyramid array is developed and assembled to the sensor array, which realizes the transformation from tangential force to normal force. With the help of artificial intelligence technology, the recognition accuracy reaches 100% for 8 different shapes, and 99.7% for 10 different textures, respectively. The proposed design strategy enables compatible fabrication, simple signal processing, and convenient extension of bionic free‐shaped e‐skin, which paves a promising way for the popularization of e‐skin in large‐scale intelligent wearable fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wearable recognition systems based on flexible electronics present immense potential for applications in human–machine interfaces, medical care, soft robots, etc. However, they experience challenges in terms of the nonideal consistency and stability of flexible sensors, which are responsible for detecting physical signals from human motions. These challenges hinder the improvement of recognition precision and capability in the wearable systems. Furthermore, the computational consumption for the recognition increases as more sensors are used to extensively gather information for distinguishing between complex motions. Herein, a wearable recognition system based on deep‐learning‐enhanced strain sensors for distinguishing between the complex motions of the human body is presented. A strain sensor based on peak–valley microstructures is fabricated and packaged to improve consistency and stability. Moreover, a lightweight hybrid convolutional neural network long short‐term memory model is designed to lower the computational costs of the deep learning process. In particular, by designing Butterworth filtering and Z‐score normalization algorithms, the error in feature extraction caused by sensor signal fluctuation is reduced, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of the proposed wearable system to 95.72% for seven gait motions and 100% for four different continuous series of Tai Chi forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work studies the use of Cu/Co‐MOFs for the removal of doxycycline hydrochloride (DOC) in wastewater. Cu/Co‐MOFs were prepared using a solvothermal method and characterized by XRD, SEM, and TG. According to the experimental results, the maximum DOC adsorption capacity of Cu/Co‐MOFs within 5 h was 268.5 mg/g. The pseudo‐second‐order (PSO) kinetic model shows that the R2 are all greater than 0.99, which proves that the theory DOC adsorption by Cu/Co‐MOFs is consistent with practice. According to the Freundlich isotherm model, the adsorption of DOC by Cu/Co‐MOFs is a multilayer adsorption. Thus, the results show that Cu/Co‐MOFs have practical application value in removing DOC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the complicated relationship between wearable electronics performance and various parameters, months even years are needed to obtain a desired sensor by random and time‐consuming trial‐and‐error methods. Herein, a general analytic model based on the micro‐element division and equivalent circuit is presented to guide a rapid optimizing strategy for wearable resistive pressure sensors, which is like the method always used in the traditional design of the metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor for integrated circuits. The quantitative relationship between the sensitivity and related parameters is declared in the presented model, and the optimized parameters are achieved to design a sensor. The demanded ultra‐highly sensitive pressure sensor is successfully designed and optimized in minutes based on the built model, and the fabricated sensor is applied in a voice real‐time recognition system to obtain 100% recognition accuracy. The on‐demand and agile development strategy paves a promising way to greatly accelerate the transition from random and time‐consuming to the controllable design of wearable electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of wearable electronics, a resistive sensor with high performance and multifunctional monitoring abilities turns out to be a great challenge for industrial application fields. Herein, a wearable 3D porous polyurethane (PU) sponge sensor coated with MXene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composites is self‐assembled through a simple ultrasonic dip‐coating process. The alternate assembly and the synergistic effect of MXene and CNTs contribute to a tough and complete 1D/2D conductive network, which significantly extends the measurement ability of the proposed MXene/CNTs@PU sensor from a wide‐compressive strain range (−80%) to a wide‐stretching strain range (60%). Moreover, benefit from this unique tough multidimensional MXene/CNTs structure, the presented sensor is endowed with excellent electrical response and stability during the long‐term reproducibility test over 5000 cycles. This study also demonstrates the versatile applications (stretching and compression) of the MXene/CNTs@PU sensor, such as detecting subtle expressions, vocal vibrations, body actions of human motions, and lighting light emitting diode lamps. Thus, this advanced sensor indicates great potential for emerging applications in human–machine interaction, healthcare, and wearable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For rechargeable batteries, ionic transport within the electrode materials is a critical process that controls the rate capability and energy efficiency of the battery. Despite substantial studies, the atomistic observation of the interfacial ionic transport and electrochemical reactions occurring between the solid‐state electrodes is lacking. Here, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used to deliberately design an unusual sample configuration, enabling dynamic observation of the sodium ionic transport within a single‐crystal nanostructure and between different few‐layer phosphorene nanosheets. An unhindered and reversible ionic shuttling between few‐layer phosphorene is directly observed in real time. In addition, it is found that sodium transport kinetics are closely related to the interface orientation and the intimate contact between solid electrodes plays a significant role in inhibiting dendrite growth. Furthermore, by fast TEM imaging with ≈40 ms resolution a unique stripe‐like sodium transport behavior is observed in phosphorene, and the multiple sodium ionic transport pathways at the interfaces with atomic spatial resolution are revealed. This work may supply enlightening insights into understanding the solid–solid interfacial electrochemistry between electrode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aim to identify the specific CD4 + T-cell subtype influenced by brain-to-CLN signaling and explore their role during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI)., Method: Cervical lymphadenectomy or cervical afferent lymphatic ligation was performed before TBI. Cytokine array and western blot were used to detect cytokines, while the motor function was assessed using mNss and rotarod test. CD4 + T-cell subtypes in blood, brain, and CLNs were analyzed with Cytometry by time-of-flight analysis (CyTOF) or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Brain edema and volume changes were measured by 9.4T MRI. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining., Results: Cervical lymphadenectomy and ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels resulted in a decreased infiltration of CD4 + T cells, specifically CD11b-positive CD4 + T cells, within the affected region. The population of CD4 + CD11b + T cells increased in ligated CLNs, accompanied by a decrease in the average fluorescence intensity of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1) on these cells. Administration of CD4 + CD11b + T cells sorted from CLNs into the lateral ventricle reversed the attenuated neurologic deficits, brain edema, and lesion volume following cervical lymphadenectomy., Conclusion: The infiltration of CD4 + CD11b + T cells exacerbates secondary brain damage in TBI, and this process is modulated by brain-to-CLN signaling., (© 2024 The Authors. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)