Search

In this paper, we calculate the weak deflection angle by Casimir wormhole and its shadow. To do so, we derive the Gaussian optical curvature and use the Gauss–Bonnet theorem (GBT). Then we find the deflection angle by Casimir wormhole in weak field limits. Moreover, we obtain the weak deflection angle in the presence of plasma medium and see the effect of the plasma medium on the weak deflection angle. Moreover, we study a shadow of Casimir wormhole and we plot and discuss them. We show the shadow of Casimir wormhole's behavior when changing the value of a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A free-molecular flow past two parallel circular flat plates is analyzed by the test particle Monte Carlo (TPMC) method. Flow shadowing and multiple reflections have a vital influence on aerodynamic coefficients of the two plates. At the pitch angle of 0, lift coefficients of each plate do not equal to zero. Flow shadowing has a significant effect on the front side of the shaded plate while multiple reflections play a dominant role on the back side of the shading one. The area ratio of the two plates has an evident effect on flow shadowing and multiple reflections, and different area ratios lead to different pressure distributions on the front side of the shaded plate and the back side of the shading one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper firstly proves that every dynamical system defined on a Hausdorff uniform space with topologically ergodic shadowing is topologically mixing, thus topologically chain mixing. Then, the following is proved: (1) every weakly mixing dynamical system defined on a second countable Baire-Hausdorff uniform space is chaotic in the sense of both Li-Yorke and Auslander-Yorke; (2) every point transitive dynamical system defined on a Hausdorff uniform space is either almost equicontinuous or sensitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shadow effects at collisions of hadrons with light nuclei at high energies were subject of scientific interest of V.N. Gribov, first, we mean his study of the hadron-deuteron scattering, see Sov. Phys. JETP 29, 483 (1969) [ Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 56, 892 (1969)] and discovery of the reinforcement of shadowing due to inelastic diffractive rescatterings. It turns out that the similar effect exists on hadron level though at ultrahigh energies. Diffractive production is considered in the ultrahigh energy region where pomeron exchange amplitudes are transformed into black disk ones due to rescattering corrections. The corresponding corrections in hadron reactions with small momenta transferred (, ) are calculated in terms of the -matrix technique modified for ultrahigh energies. Small values of the momenta transferred are crucial for introducing equations for amplitudes. The three-body equation for hadron diffractive production reaction is written and solved precisely in the eikonal approach. In the black disk regime final state scattering processes do not change the shapes of amplitudes principally but dump amplitudes by a factor ; initial state rescatterings result in additional factor . In the resonant disk regime initial and final state scatterings damp strongly the production amplitude that corresponds to at in this mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dipole phenomenology, which has been quite successfully applied to various hard reactions, especially on nuclear targets, is applied for calculation of Gribov inelastic shadowing. This approach does not include ad hoc procedures, which are unavoidable in calculations done in hadronic representation. Several examples of Gribov corrections evaluated within the dipole description are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is proved that a nontrivial compact dynamical system with asymptotic average shadowing property (AASP) displays uniformly distributional chaos or distributional chaos in a sequence. Moreover, distributional chaos in a system with AASP can be uniform and dense in the measure center, that is, there is an uncountable uniformly distributionally scrambled set consisting of such points that the orbit closure of every point contains the measure center. As a corollary, the similar results hold for the system with almost specification property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One problem that appears in theories with compact extra dimensions is the shadowing phenomenon, which makes it difficult to identify the topology and the geometry of the extra-dimensional manifold, if it exists. In this paper, we address this problem from the perspective of Newton's law modifications caused by compact extra dimensions. After providing the modifications cause by some of the most phenomenologically interesting compact manifolds, we qualitatively study and compare the modifications that these manifolds cause to Newton's law. As we demonstrate, the shadowing phenomenon persists in this approach too, and it seems that the shadowing phenomenon is grouped in 'shadowing zones'. At these points, it is impossible to distinguish which compact space causes the modification of Newton's law. However, away from the shadowing zones, the effects of the different compact manifolds are distinguishable. It is possible that these effects can be observed in the next generation of Newton's law experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the following: (1) if a volume-preserving diffeomorphism has C1-robustly various limit shadowing property, then it is Anosov; (2) C1-generically, if a volume-preserving diffeomorphism has various limit shadowing property, then it is Anosov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EMC and Cronin effects are explained by a unitarized evolution equation, in which the shadowing and antishadowing corrections are dynamically produced due to gluon fusions. For this sake, an alternative form of the GLR-MQ-ZRS equation is derived. The resulting gluon distributions, integrated and unintegrated, in protons and nuclei are used for analysis of the contributions of the initial parton distributions to the nuclear suppression factor in heavy-ion collisions. A simulation of the fractional energy loss is extracted from the data of RHIC and LHC, where the contributions of both nuclear shadowing and nuclear antishadowing effects are considered. We find a rapid crossover from weak energy loss to strong energy loss with the gluon jet at a universal critical energy, Ec ~ 10 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, some kinds of random shadowing properties are introduced. It is shown that, for some natural analogs of the deterministic case, a random hyperbolic set satisfies the shadowing properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space-time diagrams of a one-dimensional cellular automaton can be visualized as half-plane arrays of symbols. The set of rectangular blocks extracted from such arrays forms a two-dimensional (picture) language. We initiate a study of cellular automata through the associated two dimensional languages by investigating cellular automata whose two-dimensional languages are factorial-local. We show that these cellular automata have the same characterization as one-sided cellular automata with SFT traces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we construct odd unimodular lattices in dimensions n = 36,37 having minimum norm 3 and 4s = n - 16, where s is the minimum norm of the shadow. We also construct odd unimodular lattices in dimensions n = 41,43,44 having minimum norm 4 and 4s = n - 24. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In ad hoc networks, the analysis of connectivity performance is crucial. The waiting time to deliver message M from source S to destination D is a measure of connectivity that reflects the effects of mobility, and some approximate methods have been proposed to theoretically analyze the mean waiting time in one-dimensional ad hoc networks that consist of mobile nodes moving along a street. In this paper, we extend these approximate methods to analyze the mean waiting time in two-dimensional networks with a lattice structure with various flows of mobile nodes. We discuss how the mean waiting times behave in such complicated street networks and how to approximate two kinds of mean waiting times. We show that our approximate methods can successfully compute the mean waiting times for even traffic patterns and roughly estimate them for uneven traffic patterns in two-dimensional lattice networks. In these analyses, we consider two shadowing models to investigate how shadowing affects the waiting time. We also discuss the effect of different positions of S on the mean waiting time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By means of a Glauber Monte Carlo framework, the J/ψ production at RHIC energies is studied with the EKS98, EPS09 and HKN07 shadowing parameters. With a χ2 analysis of the experimental data given by PHENIX, a significant dependence of the absorption cross-section, σabs, on the J/ψ-nucleon center-of-mass energy, $\sqrt{s_{J/\psi-N}}$, is revealed with the HKN07 shadowing, but an unconspicuous dependence is shown with the EKS98 and EPS09 shadowing. In this paper, the nuclear modification factor Rd Au vs y, pT and Ncoll are also calculated and the theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We discuss a system with a discontinuity moments generator to obtain the solutions. It is proven that the system is chaotic and has shadowing property [Anosov, 1967; Bowen, 1975; Hammel et al., 1987; Robinson, 1995] if the generator possesses these characteristics. Illustrative examples are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide an overview of the background and recent developments in the study of the morphology evolution of thin film growth. In particular, complex non-local growth effects, including the shadowing effect and the re-emission effect, have been recently shown to significantly alter an evolving growth front. The physical principles behind these non-local effects are discussed, along with techniques used by researchers in the field to model such growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we estimate the influence of the shadowing effect and initial state parton energy loss in the quarkonium production at HERA-B. We analyze the xF behavior of the effective exponent α(xF) and present a comparison with the preliminary HERA-B data for J/Ψ production. Moreover, we estimate the magnitude of these effects in the J/Ψ production at RHIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A generalized shadowing lemma is used to study the generation of Benford sequences under non-autonomous iteration of power-like maps Tj : x ↦ αjxβj (1 - fj(x)), with αj, βj > 0 and fj ∈ C1, fj(0) = 0, near the fixed point at x = 0. Under mild regularity conditions almost all orbits close to the fixed point asymptotically exhibit Benford's logarithmic mantissa distribution with respect to all bases, provided that the family (Tj) is contracting on average, i.e. $\lim_{n\to \infty} n^{-1}\sum_{j=1}^{n} \log \beta_j>0$. The technique presented here also applies if the maps are chosen at random, in which case the contraction condition reads 피 log β > 0. These results complement, unify and widely extend previous work. Also, they supplement recent empirical observations in experiments with and simulations of deterministic as well as stochastic dynamical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relation between diffraction in lepton-proton collisions and shadowing of nuclear structure functions which arises from Gribov inelastic shadowing, is described. A model realizing such relation, which produces a parameter-free description of experimental data on nuclear structure functions at small x, is presented. The application to the description of multiplicities in nuclear collisions is discussed and related to other approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shadowing of a dynamical system is often used to justify the validity of computer simulations of the system, and in numerical calculations an inverse form of the shadowing concept is also of some interest. In this paper we characterize the notion of shadowing in terms of stability, and express the notion of hyperbolicity using the concept of inverse shadowing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]