7,497 results
Search Results
2. Facile and Ultrasensitive Food Allergen Quantification Using Microzone Paper-Based Mass Spectrometric Immunoassay.
- Author
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Lu C, Xu S, Wang S, Wang T, Wang WL, Yang C, and Zhang Y
- Subjects
- Immunoassay methods, Mass Spectrometry, Arachis chemistry, Allergens analysis, Food Hypersensitivity
- Abstract
Highly sensitive and rapid measurement of food allergens is essential to avoid unanticipated food allergies and to determine whether cross-contamination occurs in the food industry. Commercial immunoassay kits offer high specificity and convenience for allergen detection but still suffer limited quantitative sensitivity, accuracy, and stability based on the optical readout. In this work, a paper-based mass spectrometric immunoassay platform was constructed to achieve facile and highly sensitive quantification of peanut allergen, which combined the advantages of good specificity and accurate quantification from mass spectrometry and simplicity from a paper-based immunoassay. In this platform, a novel quaternary ammonium-based mass tag and a paper chip with a microzone were designed and developed, contributing to a large signal enhancement. This method was able to detect Ara h1 with a linear range of 0.1-100 ng mL
-1 and a detection limit of 0.08 ng mL-1 in milk matrices. It has also been successfully applied to the accurate quantification of Ara h1 in six milk-related beverages, two biscuits, and two candy bars with complicated matrices and presented a low-concentration quantitation capability. This method gives a new type of mass spectrometric immunoassay for rapid and ultrasensitive allergen regulation in the food industry and for individual allergen differentiation research.- Published
- 2024
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3. Standardization of clinical outcomes used in allergen immunotherapy in allergic asthma: An EAACI position paper.
- Author
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Kappen J, Diamant Z, Agache I, Bonini M, Bousquet J, Canonica GW, Durham SR, Guibas GV, Hamelmann E, Jutel M, Papadopoulos NG, Roberts G, Shamji MH, Zieglmayer P, Gerth van Wijk R, and Pfaar O
- Subjects
- Humans, Desensitization, Immunologic, Biomarkers, Reference Standards, Allergens, Asthma diagnosis
- Abstract
Introduction: In allergic asthma patients, one of the more common phenotypes might benefit from allergen immunotherapy (AIT) as add-on intervention to pharmacological treatment. AIT is a treatment with disease-modifying modalities, the evidence for efficacy is based on controlled clinical trials following standardized endpoint measures. However, so far there is a lack of a consensus for asthma endpoints in AIT trials. The aim of a task force (TF) of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is evaluating several outcome measures for AIT in allergic asthma., Methods: The following domains of outcome measures in asthmatic patients have been evaluated for this position paper (PP): (i) exacerbation rate, (ii) lung function, (iii) ICS withdrawal, (iv) symptoms and rescue medication use, (v) questionnaires (PROMS), (vi) bronchial/nasal provocation, (vii) allergen exposure chambers (AEC) and (viii) biomarkers., Results: Exacerbation rate can be used as a reliable objective primary outcome; however, there is limited evidence due to different definitions of exacerbation. The time after ICS withdrawal to first exacerbation is considered a primary outcome measure. Besides, the advantages and disadvantages and clinical implications of further domains of asthma endpoints in AIT trials are elaborated in this PP., Conclusion: This EAACI-PP aims to highlight important aspects of current asthma measures by critically evaluating their applicability for controlled trials of AIT., (© 2023 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
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4. Paper-based microfluidic device for selective detection of peanut allergen Ara h1 applying black phosphorus-Au nanocomposites for signal amplification.
- Author
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Pan M, Han X, Chen S, Yang J, Wang Y, Li H, and Wang S
- Subjects
- Plant Proteins analysis, Antigens, Plant, Arachis, Allergens analysis, Nanocomposites
- Abstract
This paper developed a portable microfluidic paper-based analysis device (μ-PAD) combined with the electrochemical technique for efficient and sensitive detection of peanut allergen Ara h1. The proposed μ-PAD works based on the variation of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) response current induced by peanut allergen Ara h1. Black phosphorus (BP)-Au nanocomposites were introduced both to improve the electron transfer rate at the electrode interface for signal amplification, and to immobilize the specific Ara h1 aptamers through Au-S bonding to recognize the target in food matrices. This μ-PAD had good specificity and detection stability for Ara h1 allergen and could complete the entire analysis process within 20 min, achieving a wide linear response range (25-800 ng mL
-1 ) and a low detection limit (LOD, 11.8 ng mL-1 ). In the Ara h1 allergen detection applied to real peanut products (cookies, milk, and bread), the constructed μ-PAD obtained acceptable recoveries (93.50%-101.86%) with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.36-2.97% (n = 3), with a good correlation with the ELISA results (R2 = 0.9956). Therefore, the portable μ-PAD based on BP-Au nanocomposites was demonstrated to provide an effective strategy for rapid analysis and screening of Ara h1 allergen in food, which has broad application prospects., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Paper-based microfluidics and tailored gold nanoparticles for visual colorimetric detection of multiplex allergens.
- Author
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Yang Y, Zeng X, Fu C, Tan L, Yang N, Liu Y, Shen Q, Wei J, Yu C, and Lu C
- Subjects
- Humans, Gold, Colorimetry, Microfluidics, Immunoglobulin E, Allergens analysis, Metal Nanoparticles
- Abstract
The highly efficient and accurate recognition of targeted allergens is an essential element in the diagnosis of allergic diseases and follow-up desensitization treatment in clinic. The current clinical methods widely used to detect sIgE are high cost, time-consuming procedures, and bulky equipment. Herein, a multiplex microfluidic paper-based device (multi-μPAD) was developed that combined with tailored gold nanoparticles for simultaneously visual, colorimetric detection of different allergens in serum. This device could be used as quantitative detection of sIgE with LOD as low as 0.246 KUA/L in colorimetric method. In vitro results also showed that this device possessed good repeatability, high accuracy and incredible stability in different pH (6.0-7.4) and temperature (24-37 °C), as well as long-term storage within 90-day. Finally, this method was successfully utilized for assessing clinical multi-sample screening in 35 allergic patients. After the addition of the samples from allergic patients, the agreement rate of clinical results with commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit reached more than 97%, which further indicated that this device had the advantages of efficient, accurate and sensitive to screen various allergens in real clinical serum samples. Therefore, by simply altering antigens and antibodies, this device can also be used for high-throughput detection of other allergens, making it considerable potential for clinical diagnosis of allergic diseases., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest to this work., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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6. A paper-based chemiluminescence immunoassay device for rapid and high-throughput detection of allergen-specific IgE.
- Author
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Han X, Cao M, Wu M, Wang YJ, Yu C, Zhang C, Yu H, Wei JF, Li L, and Huang W
- Subjects
- Allergens genetics, Allergens isolation & purification, Animals, Armoracia enzymology, Cattle, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay instrumentation, Escherichia coli genetics, Horseradish Peroxidase chemistry, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Immunoglobulin E immunology, Luminescence, Luminol chemistry, Oxidation-Reduction, Reproducibility of Results, Serum Albumin, Bovine chemistry, Temperature, Allergens immunology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Hypersensitivity immunology, Immunoglobulin E blood, Luminescent Measurements methods, Paper
- Abstract
The fast and precise detection of potential allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) is imperative for the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of allergic diseases. In this study, we have successfully fabricated a novel paper-based immunoassay device for the detection of sIgE in allergic diseases. We used Can f 1, one of the main dog allergens, as a model allergen to detect sIgE in human sera. To achieve excellent performance, the experimental parameters were optimized. Further, we extended this device for potential applications in the clinical diagnosis of allergic diseases: worthwhile clinical performance in the detection of allergens was achieved as compared to that achieved by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Therefore, it was proven that this strategy has the advantages of high-throughput, rapid, sensitive, and highly accurate detection of trace amounts of sIgEs. Furthermore, by simply changing the antigen and antibody, this device could be used for the high-throughput detection of other allergens, so as to achieve multiallergen detection and appropriate desensitization therapy, thereby making it promising in the determination of allergic diseases in clinics.
- Published
- 2019
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7. Determination of IgE and IgG reactivity to more than 170 allergen molecules in paper-dried blood spots.
- Author
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Garib V, Rigler E, Gastager F, Campana R, Dorofeeva Y, Gattinger P, Zhernov Y, Khaitov M, and Valenta R
- Subjects
- Allergens immunology, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity immunology, Immunoglobulin E immunology, Immunoglobulin G immunology, Male, Allergens chemistry, Dried Blood Spot Testing methods, Hypersensitivity blood, Immunoglobulin E blood, Immunoglobulin G blood, Paper
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. An origami paper-based analytical device for rapid detection of testosterone in healthcare food.
- Author
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Li X, Su Y, Li X, and Liu M
- Subjects
- Delivery of Health Care, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Allergens, Testosterone
- Abstract
An integrated origami paper-based analytical device (oPAD) based on competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for testosterone (TES) detection. In this design, a positive correlation between the signals and analytes was observed due to the connection of the reaction zone and signal readout zone by a "detachable bridge". The device displayed rapid (35 min), sensitive (LOD: 1 μg L
-1 ) and highly selective characteristics for TES detection. In addition, complex matrices in healthcare food such as oral solutions and tablets showed a negligible effect on the accuracy of this assay (recovery: 95.4-109.1% and RSD < 6%), demonstrating its potential for hazardous chemical testing in real samples.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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9. Characterization of New Allergens from the Venom of the European Paper Wasp Polistes dominula .
- Author
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Grosch J, Eberlein B, Waldherr S, Pascal M, San Bartolomé C, De La Roca Pinzón F, Dittmar M, Hilger C, Ollert M, Biedermann T, Darsow U, Bilò MB, Schmidt-Weber CB, and Blank S
- Subjects
- Animals, Basophils immunology, Humans, Immunoglobulin E blood, Phospholipases A2 genetics, Phospholipases A2 immunology, Recombinant Proteins immunology, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C genetics, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C immunology, Wasps, Allergens genetics, Allergens immunology, Arthropod Venoms chemistry, Arthropod Venoms immunology, Hypersensitivity blood, Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Hypersensitivity immunology, Insect Proteins genetics, Insect Proteins immunology
- Abstract
Discriminating Polistes dominula and Vespula spp. venom allergy is of growing importance worldwide, as systemic reactions to either species' sting can lead to severe outcomes. Administering the correct allergen-specific immunotherapy is therefore a prerequisite to ensure the safety and health of venom-allergic patients. Component-resolved diagnostics of Hymenoptera venom allergy might be improved by adding additional allergens to the diagnostic allergen panel. Therefore, three potential new allergens from P. dominula venom-immune responsive protein 30 (IRP30), vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF C) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-were cloned, recombinantly produced and biochemically characterized. Sera sIgE titers of Hymenoptera venom-allergic patients were measured in vitro to assess the allergenicity and potential cross-reactivity of the venom proteins. IRP30 and VEGF C were classified as minor allergens, as sensitization rates lay around 20-40%. About 50% of P. dominula venom-allergic patients had measurable sIgE titers directed against PLA2 from P. dominula venom. Interestingly, PLA2 was unable to activate basophils of allergic patients, questioning its role in the context of clinically relevant sensitization. Although the obtained results hint to a questionable benefit of the characterized P. dominula venom proteins for improved diagnosis of venom-allergic patients, they can contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Hymenoptera venoms and to the identification of factors that determine the allergenic potential of proteins.
- Published
- 2021
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10. A graphene oxide-based paper chip integrated with the hybridization chain reaction for peanut and soybean allergen gene detection.
- Author
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Yuan D, Kong J, Fang X, and Chen Q
- Subjects
- Antigens, Plant genetics, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, Paper, Allergens genetics, Arachis genetics, DNA Probes chemistry, DNA, Plant analysis, Graphite chemistry, Oxides chemistry, Glycine max genetics
- Abstract
Allergen genes of the peanut and soybean were selected as model targets. Four hairpin DNA probes, H1, H2, H3, H4 were designed. Cy3-labeled H1 and H2 were used to detect peanut DNA, while FAM-labeled H3 and H4 were used to detect soybean DNA. Graphene oxide (GO) was used as the adsorption material for capturing the hairpin probes, and as a selective fluorescence quencher to reduce the background signal. To develop an allergen gene detection system with a GO-based paper chip format, we integrated the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in our design. The results showed that in the absence of peanut DNA (T
P ) and soybean DNA (TS ), the detection probes attached to the GO surface, which quenched their fluorescence. In the presence of TP or TS , however, complementary probe binding to the targets initiated HCR, producing long double-stranded DNA products that could not be absorbed onto the GO surface. Hence, a strong red or green fluorescent signal was generated. The detection limit for both peanut and soybean DNA was 1 nM using this method, indicating the high sensitivity of our approach. This method also exhibited good specificity and a single chip could be used to simultaneously detect two different targets., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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11. A novel method for precise detection of allergen-specific IgE via immobilizing His-tagged allergens to paper-based device.
- Author
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Cao M, Han X, Lu C, Wang Y, Xu Z, Wang S, Zhou B, Zhang C, Yu C, Li L, and Wei JF
- Subjects
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, Allergens, Immunoglobulin E
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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12. In-vivo diagnostic test allergens in Europe: A call to action and proposal for recovery plan-An EAACI position paper.
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Klimek L, Hoffmann HJ, Kalpaklioglu AF, Demoly P, Agache I, Popov TA, Muraro A, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Bonini S, Bonertz A, Mahler V, Vieths S, Pfaar O, Zuberbier T, Jutel M, Schmidt-Weber C, Hellings PW, Dreborg S, Bonini M, Brough HA, Bousquet J, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Palomares O, Ollert M, Shamji MH, and Cardona V
- Subjects
- Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Europe, Humans, Skin Tests, Allergens, Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Hypersensitivity epidemiology
- Abstract
Diagnostic allergens are defined as medicinal products in the EU. Marketing authorization by national authorities is necessary; however, diagnostic allergens are not homogeneously regulated in different EU member states. Allergen manufacturers argue with increasing costs forcing them to continuously reduce the diagnostic allergen portfolios offered to allergists. In contrast, EAACI and national European Allergy Societies see the need for the availability of a wide range of high-quality diagnostic allergens for in vivo diagnosis of IgE-mediated allergies not only covering predominant but also less frequent allergen sources. In a recent EAACI task force survey, the current practice of allergy diagnosis was shown to rely on skin tests as first option in almost 2/3 of all types of allergic diseases and in 90% regarding respiratory allergies. With the need to ensure the availability of high-quality diagnostic allergens in the EU, an action plan has been set up by EAACI to analyse the current regulatory demands in EU member states and to define possible solutions stated in this document: (a) simplification of authorization for diagnostic allergens; (b) specific regulation of special types of diagnostic allergens; (c) new models beyond the current model of homologous groups; (d) simplification of pharmacovigilance reporting; (e) reduction of regulation fees for diagnostic allergens; (f) reimbursement for diagnostic allergens. Joining forces of allergists, manufacturers and authorities are of high importance to ensure remaining relevant allergens in the EU markets to facilitate a sustainable and comprehensive service for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases., (© 2020 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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13. A case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by Olanedine solution-A diagnostic patch-testing method involving dried filter paper.
- Author
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Iijima S and Matsunaga K
- Subjects
- Administration, Topical, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Patch Tests methods, Allergens adverse effects, Biguanides adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact diagnosis, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Glucuronates adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Olanedine solution is a new antiseptic, and several cases of allergic contact dermatitis caused by the agent were reported in 2018; however, these cases were diagnosed based on positive results in 2-day closed patch testing of Olanedine solution "as is.", Objectives: To present another case of Olanedine-induced allergic contact dermatitis and to analyze the optimal patch-testing method for this condition., Methods: A 34-year-old Japanese female patient and 25 healthy control subjects were patch tested using wet filter paper, which had been treated with 15 μL Olanedine solution, and dried filter paper, which had been treated with 15 μL Olanedine solution and then dried., Results: The patient and all of the control subjects exhibited false-positive reactions due to irritation in the 2-day closed patch tests with wet filter paper containing Olanedine solution "as is." The tests with dried filter paper produced a positive reaction on day 7 in the patient, and negative reactions in all control subjects., Conclusions: It is preferable to perform 2-day closed patch tests using filter paper with the test solution "as is," which had been dried before application in order to correctly diagnose antiseptic-induced allergic contact dermatitis., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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14. Shedding Light on the Venom Proteomes of the Allergy-Relevant Hymenoptera Polistes dominula (European Paper Wasp) and Vespula spp. (Yellow Jacket).
- Author
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Grosch J, Hilger C, Bilò MB, Kler S, Schiener M, Dittmar G, Bernardin F, Lesur A, Ollert M, Schmidt-Weber CB, and Blank S
- Subjects
- Allergens immunology, Animals, Arthropod Venoms immunology, Chromatography, Liquid, Hymenoptera classification, Hymenoptera immunology, Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Hypersensitivity immunology, Hypersensitivity therapy, Insect Bites and Stings diagnosis, Insect Bites and Stings immunology, Insect Bites and Stings therapy, Insect Proteins immunology, Proteomics, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Allergens analysis, Arthropod Venoms chemistry, Hymenoptera metabolism, Insect Proteins analysis, Proteome
- Abstract
Allergic reactions to stings of Hymenoptera species can have serious or even fatal consequences. If the identification of the culprit insect is possible, venom-specific immunotherapy effectively cures Hymenoptera venom allergies. Although component-resolved diagnostics has strongly evolved in recent years, the differentiation between allergies to closely related species such as Polistes dominula and Vespula spp. is still challenging. In order to generate the basis for new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, this study aims at resolving the venom proteomes (venomes) of these species. The venoms of P. dominula and Vespula spp. ( V. germanica , V. vulgaris ) were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Resulting proteins were characterized regarding their function, localization and biochemical properties. The analyses yielded 157 proteins in Vespula spp. and 100 in P. dominula venom; 48 proteins, including annotated allergens, were found in both samples. In addition to a variety of venom trace molecules, new allergen candidates such as icarapin-like protein and phospholipase A2 were identified. This study elucidates the venomes of closely related allergy-eliciting Hymenoptera species. The data indicates that relying on marker allergens to differentiate between P. dominula and Vespula spp. venom allergy is probably insufficient and that strategies using cross-reactive major allergens could be more promising.
- Published
- 2020
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15. EAACI position paper: Comparing insect hypersensitivity induced by bite, sting, inhalation or ingestion in human beings and animals.
- Author
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Pali-Schöll I, Blank S, Verhoeckx K, Mueller RS, Janda J, Marti E, Seida AA, Rhyner C, DeBoer DJ, and Jensen-Jarolim E
- Subjects
- Animals, Disease Management, Disease Susceptibility, Humans, Hypersensitivity epidemiology, Hypersensitivity therapy, Phenotype, Public Health Surveillance, Skin pathology, Symptom Assessment, Allergens immunology, Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Hypersensitivity etiology, Insect Bites and Stings immunology, Insecta immunology
- Abstract
Adverse reactions to insects occur in both human and veterinary patients. Systematic comparison may lead to improved recommendations for prevention and treatment in all species. In this position paper, we summarize the current knowledge on insect allergy induced via stings, bites, inhalation or ingestion, and compare reactions in companion animals to those in people. With few exceptions, the situation in human insect allergy is better documented than in animals. We focus on a review of recent literature and give overviews of the epidemiology and clinical signs. We discuss allergen sources and allergenic molecules to the extent described, and aspects of diagnosis, prophylaxis, management and therapy., (© 2019 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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16. Response to the comments of Natsch and Landsiedel on my paper "Is a combination of assays really needed for non-animal prediction of skin sensitization potential? Performance of the GARD (genomic allergen rapid detection) assay in comparison with OECD guideline assays alone and in combination."
- Author
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Roberts DW
- Subjects
- Biological Assay, Genomics, Humans, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, Skin, Allergens, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. EAACI/ENDA Position Paper: Diagnosis and management of hypersensitivity reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in children and adolescents.
- Author
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Kidon M, Blanca-Lopez N, Gomes E, Terreehorst I, Tanno L, Ponvert C, Chin CW, Caubet JC, Soyer O, Mori F, Blanca M, and Atanaskovic-Markovic M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Allergens therapeutic use, Anaphylaxis etiology, Anaphylaxis therapy, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross Reactions, Drug Hypersensitivity therapy, Expert Testimony, Female, Humans, Male, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Risk Factors, Skin Tests, Allergens immunology, Anaphylaxis diagnosis, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal immunology, Desensitization, Immunologic methods, Drug Hypersensitivity diagnosis
- Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in the pediatric population as antipyretics/analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications. Hypersensitivity (HS) reactions to NSAID in this age group, while similar to adults, have unique diagnostic and management issues. Although slowly accumulating, published data in this age group are still relatively rare and lacking a unifying consensus. This work is a summary of current knowledge and consensus recommendations utilizing both published data and expert opinion from the European Network of Drug Allergy (ENDA) and the Drug Hypersensitivity interest group in the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI). This position paper summarizes diagnostic and management guidelines for children and adolescents with NSAIDs hypersensitivity., (© 2018 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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18. Moist toilet papers as possible sensitizers: review of the literature and evaluation of commercial products in Italy.
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Zoli V, Tosti A, Silvani S, and Vincenzi C
- Subjects
- Anal Canal pathology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact pathology, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Allergens adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact epidemiology, Paper, Perfume adverse effects, Preservatives, Pharmaceutical adverse effects, Skin Care
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
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19. EAACI Position paper on the standardization of nasal allergen challenges.
- Author
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Augé J, Vent J, Agache I, Airaksinen L, Campo Mozo P, Chaker A, Cingi C, Durham S, Fokkens W, Gevaert P, Giotakis A, Hellings P, Herknerova M, Hox V, Klimek L, La Melia C, Mullol J, Muluk NB, Muraro A, Naito K, Pfaar O, Riechelmann H, Rondon C, Rudenko M, Samolinski B, Tasca I, Tomazic P, Vogt K, Wagenmann M, Yeryomenko G, Zhang L, and Mösges R
- Subjects
- Administration, Intranasal, Aftercare, Anaphylaxis, Germany, Humans, Immunoglobulin E blood, Nasal Mucosa immunology, Nasal Obstruction immunology, Nasal Provocation Tests methods, Nasal Sprays, Pruritus immunology, Skin Tests, Sneezing immunology, Advisory Committees, Allergens administration & dosage, Nasal Provocation Tests standards, Nasal Provocation Tests trends, Rhinitis, Allergic diagnosis
- Abstract
Nasal allergen challenge (NAC) is an important tool to diagnose allergic rhinitis. In daily clinical routine, experimentally, or when measuring therapeutic success clinically, nasal allergen challenge is fundamental. It is further one of the key diagnostic tools when initiating specific allergen immunotherapy. So far, national recommendations offered guidance on its execution; however, international divergence left many questions unanswered. These differences in the literature caused EAACI to initiate a task force to answer unmet needs and find a consensus in executing nasal allergen challenge. On the basis of a systematic review containing nasal allergen challenges of the past years, task force members reviewed evidence, discussed open issues, and studied variations of several subjective and objective assessment parameters to propose a standardized way of a nasal allergen challenge procedure in clinical practice. Besides an update on indications, contraindications, and preparations for the test procedure, main recommendations are a bilaterally challenge with standardized allergens, with a spray device offering 0.1 mL per nostril. A systematic catalogue for positivity criteria is given for the variety of established subjective and objective assessment methods as well as a schedule for the challenge procedure. The task force recommends a unified protocol for NAC for daily clinical practice, aiming at eliminating the previous difficulty of comparing NAC results due to unmet needs., (© 2018 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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20. Glycidyl methacrylate and ethoxyethyl acrylate: new allergens in emulsions used to impregnate paper and textile materials.
- Author
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Matura M, Poesen N, de Moor A, Kerre S, and Dooms-Goossens A
- Subjects
- Adult, Dermatitis, Occupational physiopathology, Female, Hand Dermatoses physiopathology, Humans, Patch Tests, Acrylates adverse effects, Allergens, Dermatitis, Occupational etiology, Epoxy Compounds adverse effects, Hand Dermatoses chemically induced, Methacrylates adverse effects, Paper, Textiles
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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21. Tolerance to different toilet paper preparations: toxicological and allergological aspects.
- Author
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Blecher P and Korting HC
- Subjects
- Adult, Cellulose adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Dermatitis, Irritant etiology, Female, Friction, Humans, Male, Nitriles adverse effects, Patch Tests, Preservatives, Pharmaceutical, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Thiazoles adverse effects, Toxicology, Allergens adverse effects, Anus Diseases etiology, Eczema etiology, Paper, Skin Care
- Abstract
Background and Design: A controlled open trial was performed in 40 individuals suffering from chronic perianal eczema. Various toilet paper preparations representing the conventional type made of pure cellulose, the recycled and the moist type were investigated using the patch test as were allergens possibly related to toilet paper. In addition, a chronic use test and a repeated rubbing test were performed with a conventional and a recycled toilet paper preparation., Results: A total of 20 patients could be evaluated in full. A variety of reactions were seen in the patch test, most of which were of the allergic type. Allergens included many different chemical entities, e.g. preservatives used in moist toilet paper such as Kathon CG and Euxyl K 400. In a volunteer allergic to Euxyl K 400, allergy to the moist toilet paper regularly used by him was established. After discontinuation of its application, perianal dermatitis disappeared. In the repeated rubbing test at the forearm, 10 volunteers showed a reaction with the recycled paper preparation while no such reaction was seen upon the application of the conventional type of toilet paper. The validity of these findings was corroborated by corresponding results in the use test., Conclusion: There is clearly a potential for allergic reactions to components of moist toilet paper and reactions to recycled toilet paper presumably irritant by nature. These irritant reactions are probably caused by the rough texture of current paper types and do not reflect the presence of potentially toxic ingredients such as metal salts.
- Published
- 1995
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22. Allergen exposure chambers: harmonizing current concepts and projecting the needs for the future - an EAACI Position Paper.
- Author
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Pfaar O, Calderon MA, Andrews CP, Angjeli E, Bergmann KC, Bønløkke JH, de Blay F, Devillier P, Ellis AK, Gerth van Wijk R, Hohlfeld JM, Horak F, Jacobs RL, Jacobsen L, Jutel M, Kaul S, Larché M, Larenas-Linnemann D, Mösges R, Nolte H, Patel P, Peoples L, Rabin RL, Rather C, Salapatek AM, Sigsgaard T, Thaarup S, Yang J, Zieglmayer P, Zuberbier T, and Demoly P
- Subjects
- Desensitization, Immunologic standards, Desensitization, Immunologic trends, Health Policy, Humans, Hypersensitivity immunology, Hypersensitivity therapy, Reproducibility of Results, Allergens immunology, Desensitization, Immunologic methods, Environment, Controlled, Inhalation Exposure adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Allergen exposure chambers (AECs) are clinical facilities allowing for controlled exposure of subjects to allergens in an enclosed environment. AECs have contributed towards characterizing the pathophysiology of respiratory allergic diseases and the pharmacological properties of new therapies. In addition, they are complementary to and offer some advantages over traditional multicentre field trials for evaluation of novel therapeutics. To date, AEC studies conducted have been monocentric and have followed protocols unique to each centre. Because there are technical differences among AECs, it may be necessary to define parameters to standardize the AECs so that studies may be extrapolated for driving basic immunological research and for marketing authorization purposes by regulatory authorities., Methods: For this task force initiative of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), experts from academia and regulatory agencies met with chamber operators to list technical, clinical and regulatory unmet needs as well as the prerequisites for clinical validation., Results: The latter covered the validation process, standardization of challenges and outcomes, intra- and interchamber variability and reproducibility, in addition to comparability with field trials and specifics of paediatric trials and regulatory issues., Conclusion: This EAACI Position Paper aims to harmonize current concepts in AECs and to project unmet needs with the intent to enhance progress towards use of these facilities in determining safety and efficacy of new therapeutics in the future., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
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23. [Viable allergenic fungi in a documentary deposit of the National Archive of Cuba].
- Author
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Molina-Veloso A and Borrego-Alonso SF
- Subjects
- Cuba, Fungi immunology, Fungi pathogenicity, Humans, Humidity, Occupational Diseases etiology, Respiratory Hypersensitivity etiology, Spores, Fungal, Temperature, Virulence, Air Microbiology, Air Pollution, Indoor, Allergens analysis, Archives, Disease Reservoirs, Fungi isolation & purification, Paper
- Abstract
Background: Intense and persistent exposure to indoor-air biological agents has been associated with the appearance of allergic diseases. Archives and libraries Indoor environments in tropical countries are an important reservoir of fungal propagules., Objective: To evaluate the degree of air pollution with allergenic fungi in a repository of frequently-manipulated documents., Methods: Air sampling was performed by two methods: active (biocollector) and passive (sedimentation plate). Fungi were taxonomically identified, and spores were measured to determine their penetrability in the human respiratory tract, and its impact on episodes of allergy., Results: In terms of concentration and diversity, the local environment behaved as a fungal propagule reservoir, which showed that there is significant health risk for the staff that manipulates the documents. Some spores were shown to be able to reach the lower respiratory tract when inhaled, which increases their allergenic and pathogenic potential. Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium and Alternaria, which are referred to as highly allergenic fungi, were prevalent., Conclusion: Aerobiological studies are a valuable tool for the treatment of patients with allergy to fungi and other disorders they produce.
- Published
- 2017
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24. Food-Pollen Cross-Reactivity and its Molecular Diagnosis in China.
- Author
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Zhao L, Ma T, Wang X, Wang H, Liu Y, Wu S, Fu L, Gilissen L, van Ree R, Wang X, and Gao Z
- Subjects
- Humans, China, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal immunology, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal diagnosis, Antigens, Plant immunology, Artemisia immunology, Plant Proteins immunology, Cross Reactions immunology, Food Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Food Hypersensitivity immunology, Allergens immunology, Pollen immunology
- Abstract
Purpose of Review: Plant-derived foods are one of the most common causative sources of food allergy in China, with a significant relationship to pollinosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of this food-pollen allergy syndrome and its molecular allergen diagnosis to better understand the cross-reactive basis., Recent Findings: Food-pollen cross-reactivity has been mainly reported in Northern China, Artemisia pollen is the major related inhalant source, followed by tree pollen (Betula), while grass pollen plays a minor role. Pollen allergy is relatively low in Southern China, with allergies to grass pollen being more important than weed and tree pollens. Rosaceae fruits and legume seeds stand out as major related allergenic foods. Non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP) has been found to be the most clinically relevant cross-reacting allergenic component, able to induce severe reactions. PR-10, profilin, defensin, chitinase, and gibberellin-regulated proteins are other important cross-reactive allergen molecules. Artemisia pollen can induce allergenic cross-reactions with a wide range of plant-derived foods in China, and spring tree pollens (Betula) are also important. nsLTP found in both pollen and plant-derived food is considered the most significant allergen in food pollen cross-reactivity. Component-resolved diagnosis with potential allergenic proteins is recommended to improve diagnostic accuracy and predict the potential risk of causing allergic symptoms., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
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25. Polysensitisation is associated with more severe symptoms: The reality of patients with allergy.
- Author
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Cacheiro-Llaguno C, Mösges R, Calzada D, González-de la Fuente S, Quintero E, and Carnés J
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Germany epidemiology, Adolescent, Young Adult, Aged, Skin Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Immunization, Pollen immunology, Prevalence, Immunoglobulin E immunology, Immunoglobulin E blood, Allergens immunology, Hypersensitivity immunology, Hypersensitivity epidemiology, Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Hypersensitivity therapy
- Abstract
Background: Studying the sensitisation profiles of patients with allergies allows for a deeper understanding of the disease which may facilitate the selection of the best-personalised allergen immunotherapy. This observational, cross-sectional, multicentre study aimed to demonstrate the heterogeneity of the German population with allergies by analysing specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) patterns towards aeroallergens and exploring the relationship between sensitisation and clinical symptoms., Methods: In total, 500 patients with allergies from different regions of Germany were recruited based on their case histories, clinical allergic symptoms and skin prick test data for aeroallergens. Serum samples were analysed using ImmunoCAP assays to determine sIgE levels for 33 allergenic sources and 43 molecular allergens., Results: Most patients (81%) were polysensitised. Betula verrucosa pollen was the most common cause of sensitisation (59%), followed by Phleum pratense (58%) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (44%). The highest prevalence rates of molecular allergens were observed for Bet v 1 (84%) from birch pollen, Phl p 1 from grass pollen (82%), Der p 2 (69%) from mites and Fel d 1 (69%) from cat. Polysensitisation was significantly associated with the presence of asthma and the severity of rhinitis symptoms., Conclusions: Our findings show a high rate of polysensitisation and emphasise the importance of molecular diagnosis for more precise and comprehensive insights into sensitisation patterns and their association with clinical symptoms. These data may help improve personalised diagnosis and immunotherapy adapted to the needs of individual patients in the region., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
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26. Preventive allergen immunotherapy with inhalant allergens in children.
- Author
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Dwivedi V, Kopanja S, Schmidthaler K, Sieber J, Bannert C, and Szépfalusi Z
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Hypersensitivity therapy, Hypersensitivity immunology, Hypersensitivity prevention & control, Treatment Outcome, Desensitization, Immunologic methods, Desensitization, Immunologic adverse effects, Allergens immunology, Allergens administration & dosage
- Abstract
The efficacy and safety of preventive allergen immunotherapy (pAIT) in children are currently under investigation. Here, we provide an overview of pAIT with respiratory allergens concerning the prevention of new sensitizations, allergic disease onset and progression as well as further immunomodulatory effects. Three databases were searched for clinical pAIT studies in children. Selected publications were reviewed for preventive outcomes according to prevention level (primary, secondary, and tertiary), allergen type, administration route, dose, and treatment duration. The primary prevention approach appears safe but showed no allergen-specific effect on new sensitizations. Secondary prevention seems feasible and may induce regulatory T cell-mediated immunotolerance. The number of studies at these prevention levels is limited. Tertiary prevention with grass and/or tree pollen-based pAIT has shown efficacy in preventing disease progression from allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis to asthma. Data on tertiary pAIT with house dust mites and other allergen types are inconclusive. Subcutaneous and sublingual routes appear similarly effective, but head-to-head comparative paediatric studies are scarce. Additionally, there are fewer placebo-controlled studies. Nevertheless, immunomodulatory outcomes of pAIT are encouraging. Currently, limited but favourably suggestive evidence is available for preventing respiratory allergic diseases in children by pAIT. Primary and secondary prevention have potential and warrant further investigation through well-designed studies., (© 2024 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
27. Chemical Identification and Confirmation of Contact Allergens.
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Siegel PD, Law BF, and Warshaw EM
- Subjects
- Allergens adverse effects, Allergens chemistry, Chemistry Techniques, Analytical economics, Chemistry Techniques, Analytical instrumentation, Chromatography, Gas, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chromatography, Paper, Chromatography, Thin Layer, Decision Trees, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact diagnosis, Electrophoresis, Paper, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry, Silica Gel, Allergens analysis, Chemistry Techniques, Analytical methods, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology
- Abstract
Identification of the etiological chemical agent(s) associated with a case(s) of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is important for both patient management and public health surveillance. Traditional patch testing can identify chemical allergens to which the patient is allergic. Confirmation of allergen presence in the causative ACD-associated material is presently dependent on labeling information, which may not list the allergenic chemical on the product label or safety data sheet. Dermatologists have expressed concern over the lack of laboratory support for chemical allergen identification and possibly quantification from patients' ACD-associated products. The aim of this review was to provide the clinician a primer to better understand the analytical chemistry of contact allergen confirmation and unknown identification, including types of analyses, required instrumentation, identification levels of confidence decision tree, limitations, and costs.
- Published
- 2020
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28. Acute, short-lasting rhinitis due to camomile-scented toilet paper in patients allergic to compositae.
- Author
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Scala G
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Adult, Female, Humans, Paper, Perfume adverse effects, Plant Extracts immunology, Radioallergosorbent Test, Respiratory Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Rhinitis diagnosis, Skin Tests, Allergens, Chamomile immunology, Plant Extracts adverse effects, Respiratory Hypersensitivity etiology, Rhinitis etiology
- Abstract
A 20-year-old woman with a proven allergy to camomile suffered from short-lasting rhinitis when using a camomile-scented toilet paper. The prick-by-prick test performed with the toilet paper was positive. Diagnosis was confirmed by a challenge test that also resulted positive. This is the first reported case of toilet-paper-induced acute rhinitis. The removal of the toilet paper from the bathroom was sufficient to obtain the disappearance of symptoms. Patients allergic to camomile should avoid a camomile-scented toilet paper., (Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2006
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29. Allergic contact dermatitis from a paper mill slimicide containing 2-bromo-4'-hydroxyacetophenone.
- Author
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Jensen CD and Andersen KE
- Subjects
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Dermatitis, Occupational etiology, Diagnosis, Differential, Facial Dermatoses etiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Paper, Patch Tests, Acetophenones adverse effects, Allergens adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact diagnosis, Dermatitis, Occupational diagnosis, Facial Dermatoses diagnosis, Preservatives, Pharmaceutical adverse effects
- Abstract
Slimicides are biocidal products used in paper mills to inhibit the proliferation of slime-forming microorganisms that would otherwise spoil the paper products. A laboratory technician working at a paper mill had recurring dermatitis related to contact with the slimicide Busan 1130. We report the first case of allergic contact dermatitis from the slimicide Busan 1130. Diagnostic patch testing was performed with solutions of Busan 1130 and its active ingredient, 2-bromo-4'-hydroxyacetophenone (BHAP). Twenty-five controls were also tested. The patient showed a ++ reaction to 0.1% Busan 1130 aqueous solution and 0.01% BHAP in ethanol. All controls were negative. The patient had recurrent allergic contact dermatitis from exposure to BHAP contained in the slimicide Busan 1130.
- Published
- 2003
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30. Development of allergen-coated paper discs for allergy diagnosis by ELISA.
- Author
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Singh BP, Sridhara S, Malhotra M, Tulsani NB, and Gangal SV
- Subjects
- Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans, Paper, Pollen immunology, Skin Tests, Allergens, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods, Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic standards
- Abstract
In vitro testing is useful for detecting pollen and fungal-allergen sensitivities in nasobronchial-allergy patients. However, allergen-coated discs or solid-phases supplied in kits do not contain all the relevant extracts. The present study was aimed to develop a safe and credible procedure of allergen coating on paper discs for allergy diagnosis by ELISA. Paper discs were coated with indigenous allergens using poly(vinyl alcohol) and glutaraldehyde. ELISAs were carried out to standardize the allergen-coated discs using skin-test-positive-patients' sera. The cut-off value (A) for ELISA was worked out by analysing normal human sera (NHS) and is based on the mean+/-2 S.D. for the NHS value. The allergen-coated discs, i.e. Centre for Biochemical Technology (CBT) discs, demonstrated excellent comparison with plate-binding method and Pharmacia discs [Prosopis juliflora (mesquite), critical value 0.879 at 5% probability+/-0.599, n=11, is significant]. Inter- and Intra-assay coefficients of variations ranged from 2.5-14.05% to 4. 8-11.5% with different allergens. Results of skin tests and ELISA with CBT discs showed 60-70% correlation.
- Published
- 2000
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31. Position paper of the EAACI: food allergy due to immunological cross-reactions with common inhalant allergens.
- Author
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Werfel T, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber BK, Beyer K, Enrique E, Knulst AC, Mari A, Muraro A, Ollert M, Poulsen LK, Vieths S, Worm M, and Hoffmann-Sommergruber K
- Subjects
- Animals, Food Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Food Hypersensitivity therapy, Humans, Inhalation, Research trends, Skin Tests, Allergens immunology, Cross Reactions immunology, Food Hypersensitivity immunology
- Abstract
In older children, adolescents, and adults, a substantial part of all IgE-mediated food allergies is caused by cross-reacting allergenic structures shared by inhalants and foods. IgE stimulated by a cross-reactive inhalant allergen can result in diverse patterns of allergic reactions to various foods. Local, mild, or severe systemic reactions may occur already after the first consumption of a food containing a cross-reactive allergen. In clinical practice, clinically relevant sensitizations are elucidated by skin prick testing or by the determination of specific IgE in vitro. Component-resolved diagnosis may help to reach a diagnosis and may predict the risk of a systemic reaction. Allergy needs to be confirmed in cases of unclear history by oral challenge tests. The therapeutic potential of allergen immunotherapy with inhalant allergens in pollen-related food allergy is not clear, and more placebo-controlled studies are needed. As we are facing an increasing incidence of pollen allergies, a shift in sensitization patterns and changes in nutritional habits, and the occurrence of new, so far unknown allergies due to cross-reactions are expected., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
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- View/download PDF
32. Clinical contraindications to allergen immunotherapy: an EAACI position paper.
- Author
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Pitsios C, Demoly P, Bilò MB, Gerth van Wijk R, Pfaar O, Sturm GJ, Rodriguez del Rio P, Tsoumani M, Gawlik R, Paraskevopoulos G, Ruëff F, Valovirta E, Papadopoulos NG, and Calderón MA
- Subjects
- Administration, Sublingual, Allergens drug effects, Anti-Allergic Agents therapeutic use, Autoimmune Diseases drug therapy, Autoimmune Diseases immunology, Consensus, Evidence-Based Medicine, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity immunology, Injections, Subcutaneous, Male, Patient Safety, Risk Assessment, Treatment Outcome, Allergens immunology, Desensitization, Immunologic adverse effects, Desensitization, Immunologic methods, Hypersensitivity drug therapy
- Abstract
Clinical indications for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in respiratory and Hymenoptera venom allergy are well established; however, clinical contraindications to AIT are not always well documented. There are some discrepancies when classifying clinical contraindications for different forms of AIT as 'absolute' or 'relative'. EAACI Task Force on 'Contraindications to AIT' was created to evaluate and review current literature on clinical contraindications, and to update recommendations for both sublingual and subcutaneous AIT for respiratory and venom immunotherapy. An extensive review of the literature was performed on the use of AIT in asthma, autoimmune disorders, malignant neoplasias, cardiovascular diseases, acquired immunodeficiencies and other chronic diseases (including mental disorders), in patients treated with β-blockers, ACE inhibitors or monoamine oxidase inhibitors, in children under 5 years of age, during pregnancy and in patients with poor compliance. Each topic was addressed by the following three questions: (1) Are there any negative effects of AIT on this concomitant condition/disease? (2) Are more frequent or more severe AIT-related side-effects expected? and (3) Is AIT expected to be less efficacious? The evidence, for the evaluation of these clinical conditions as contraindications, was limited, and most of the conclusions were based on case reports. Based on an extended literature research, recommendations for each medical condition assessed are provided. The final decision on the administration of AIT should be based on individual evaluation of any medical condition and a risk/benefit assessment for each patient., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
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33. Ambient pollen exposure and pollen allergy symptom severity in the EPOCHAL study.
- Author
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Luyten A, Bürgler A, Glick S, Kwiatkowski M, Gehrig R, Beigi M, Hartmann K, and Eeftens M
- Subjects
- Humans, Adult, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Aged, Seasons, Adolescent, Symptom Assessment, Pollen immunology, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal immunology, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal diagnosis, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal etiology, Allergens immunology, Severity of Illness Index, Environmental Exposure adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Ambient pollen exposure causes nasal, ocular, and pulmonary symptoms in allergic individuals, but the shape of the exposure-response association is not well characterized. We evaluated this association and determined (1) whether symptom severity differs between subpopulations; (2) how the association changes over the course of the pollen season; and (3) which pollen exposure time lags affect symptoms., Methods: Adult study participants (n = 396) repeatedly scored severity of nasal, ocular, and pulmonary allergic symptoms, resulting in three composite symptom scores. We calculated hourly individually relevant pollen exposure to seven allergenic plants (alder, ash, birch, hazel, grasses, mugwort, and ragweed) considering personal sensitization and exposure time lags of up to 96 h. We fitted generalized additive mixed models, with a random personal intercept, adjusting for weather and air pollution as potential time-varying confounders., Results: We identified a clear nonlinear positive association between pollen exposure and ocular and nasal symptom severity in the pollen allergy group: Symptom severity increased steeply with increasing exposure initially, but attenuated beyond approximately 80 pollen/m
3 . We found no evidence of an exposure threshold, below which no symptoms occur. While recent pollen exposure in the last approximately 5 h affected symptoms most, associations lingered for up to 60 h. Grass pollen exposure (compared to tree pollen) and younger age (18-30 years, as opposed to 30-65 years) were both associated with higher nasal and ocular symptom severity., Conclusions: The lack of a threshold and attenuated dose-response curve may have implications for pollen warning systems, which may be revised to include multiday pollen concentrations in the future., (© 2024 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
34. Clinical validation of grass pollen exposure chamber in patients with allergic rhinitis triggered by timothy grass.
- Author
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Kosowska A, Zemelka-Wiącek M, Smolińska S, Wyrodek E, Adamczak B, and Jutel M
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Rhinitis, Allergic diagnosis, Rhinitis, Allergic therapy, Rhinitis, Allergic immunology, Middle Aged, Atmosphere Exposure Chambers, Young Adult, Reproducibility of Results, Nasal Provocation Tests, Respiratory Function Tests, Phleum immunology, Pollen immunology, Allergens immunology, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal diagnosis, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal immunology, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal therapy, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: The fluctuation in concentrations of airborne allergens frequently presents a challenge to assessing the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in 'field' studies. Allergen exposure chambers (AECs) are specialized medical installations developed to expose individuals to allergens at defined and consistent concentrations under a controlled environment. The aim of the study was to validate the provocation test with timothy grass pollen as well as to assess its safety in the AEC in patients with allergic rhinitis., Methods: In the ALLEC® AEC, varying concentrations of timothy grass pollen were dispersed. Allergic symptoms were measured by total nasal symptom score (TNSS), acoustic rhinometry, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) and nasal discharge volume. Lung function, assessed through peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV
1 ), was used to evaluate safety., Results: The consistency of the test was proved by the stability of environmental conditions, including temperature, humidity and CO2 levels, as well as constant concentrations of grass pollen at predetermined levels ranging from 1000 to 10,000 particles per cubic meter (p/m3 ). Allergic individuals developed symptoms at concentrations of 3000 p/m3 and above, across all measured endpoints. Lung function was not affected throughout all the challenges. The reproducibility of symptoms was confirmed throughout the tests. The concentration of 8000 p/m3 together with a challenge duration of 120 min was found to be optimal., Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the ALLEC® grass pollen exposure chamber provides a reliable and safe method for inducing repeatable symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis. This approach can be effectively applied for allergy diagnostics and clinical endpoint determination during AIT., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2024
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35. Challenge-verified thresholds for allergens mandatory for labeling: How little is too much for the most sensitive patient?
- Author
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Mortz CG, Eller E, Garvik OS, Kjaer HF, Zuberbier T, and Bindslev-Jensen C
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Child, Child, Preschool, Adult, Adolescent, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Infant, Aged, Denmark, Allergens immunology, Food Hypersensitivity diagnosis, Food Hypersensitivity immunology, Food Labeling
- Abstract
Background: It is mandatory to label food products with the 14 main allergens in the EU. Reasonable allergen labeling requires knowledge of population-based thresholds derived from food challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the threshold-distribution in clinically verified food allergic patients for allergens mandatory for labeling., Methods: All positive open oral food challenges and double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) performed at the Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Denmark (2000-2022) were included. For each included challenge, the cumulative threshold (LOAEL) was obtained and NOAEL estimated. Data were modelled as an interval censored log-normal distribution., Results: Overall, 38 of all 2612 challenges (1.5%) in 1229 patients (717 male, 986 children) reacted to <5 mg protein. The majority of the most sensitive patients reacted with a Sampson severity score of 2-3. Using interval censored log-normal models only five groups (hens´ egg, fish, peanut, milk, tree-nuts) elicited reactions after ingestion of 0.5 mg protein and in low frequencies of the population. Hen's egg was the most potent allergen, with reactivity to <0.5 mg protein in 0.24% [0.13-0.44%] of egg allergic patients while the estimated fraction of allergic patients reacting to a eliciting dose on 0.5 mg protein for most other allergens were below 0.04%., Conclusion: Our data demonstrates that the majority of food allergic patients as expected tolerating traces of allergenic foods without developing severe allergic symptoms and signs. Hen's egg appears to be the food most likely to elicit reactions in the most sensitive individuals at very low doses., (© 2023 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
36. Monitoring of occupational and environmental aeroallergens-- EAACI Position Paper. Concerted action of the EAACI IG Occupational Allergy and Aerobiology & Air Pollution.
- Author
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Raulf M, Buters J, Chapman M, Cecchi L, de Blay F, Doekes G, Eduard W, Heederik D, Jeebhay MF, Kespohl S, Krop E, Moscato G, Pala G, Quirce S, Sander I, Schlünssen V, Sigsgaard T, Walusiak-Skorupa J, Wiszniewska M, Wouters IM, and Annesi-Maesano I
- Subjects
- Humans, Occupational Exposure, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollutants, Occupational analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Allergens analysis, Environmental Monitoring methods
- Abstract
Exposure to high molecular weight sensitizers of biological origin is an important risk factor for the development of asthma and rhinitis. Most of the causal allergens have been defined based on their reactivity with IgE antibodies, and in many cases, the molecular structure and function of the allergens have been established. Significant information on allergen levels that cause sensitization and allergic symptoms for several major environmental and occupational allergens has been reported. Monitoring of high molecular weight allergens and allergen carrier particles is an important part of the management of allergic respiratory diseases and requires standardized allergen assessment methods for occupational and environmental (indoor and outdoor) allergen exposure. The aim of this EAACI task force was to review the essential points for monitoring environmental and occupational allergen exposure including sampling strategies and methods, processing of dust samples, allergen analysis, and quantification. The paper includes a summary of different methods for sampling and allergen quantification, as well as their pros and cons for various exposure settings. Recommendations are being made for different exposure scenarios., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2014
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37. Recommendations for the standardization of clinical outcomes used in allergen immunotherapy trials for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: an EAACI Position Paper.
- Author
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Pfaar O, Demoly P, Gerth van Wijk R, Bonini S, Bousquet J, Canonica GW, Durham SR, Jacobsen L, Malling HJ, Mösges R, Papadopoulos NG, Rak S, Rodriguez del Rio P, Valovirta E, Wahn U, and Calderon MA
- Subjects
- Humans, Allergens immunology, Conjunctivitis, Allergic prevention & control, Desensitization, Immunologic standards, Rhinitis, Allergic prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been thoroughly documented in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). It is the only immune-modifying and causal treatment available for patients suffering from IgE-mediated diseases such as allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic asthma and insect sting allergy. However, there is a high degree of clinical and methodological heterogeneity among the endpoints in clinical studies on AIT, for both subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy (SCIT and SLIT). At present, there are no commonly accepted standards for defining the optimal outcome parameters to be used for both primary and secondary endpoints., Methods: As elaborated by a Task Force (TF) of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Immunotherapy Interest Group, this Position Paper evaluates the currently used outcome parameters in different RCTs and also aims to provide recommendations for the optimal endpoints in future AIT trials for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis., Results: Based on a thorough literature review, the TF members have outlined recommendations for nine domains of clinical outcome measures. As the primary outcome, the TF recommends a homogeneous combined symptom and medication score (CSMS) as a simple and standardized method that balances both symptoms and the need for antiallergic medication in an equally weighted manner. All outcomes, grouped into nine domains, are reviewed., Conclusion: A standardized and globally harmonized method for analysing the clinical efficacy of AIT products in RCTs is required. The EAACI TF highlights the CSMS as the primary endpoint for future RCTs in AIT for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis., (© 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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38. Identification of the allergenic sensitizing potential of bisphenol A substitutes used in the industry.
- Author
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Mourot-Bousquenaud M, Langonné I, Buchheit M, Muller S, Coiscaud A, Mathiot J, Jacquenet S, and Battais F
- Subjects
- Animals, Mice, Sulfones analysis, Sulfones pharmacology, Phenols toxicity, Benzhydryl Compounds toxicity, Allergens adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology
- Abstract
Background: Bisphenol (BP-)A is a chemical used in Europe to produce polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resin or as colour developer in thermal paper. Due to its toxicity, BPA presence was restricted by European regulations. Therefore, substitute chemicals are replacing BPA., Objective: To assess the allergenic sensitizing potential of 27 substitutes to BPA used in the industry., Methods: The expression of two costimulatory molecules and six cytokines were analysed by flow cytometry in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) exposed to the chemicals., Results: All substances except one induced overexpression of at least one receptor and were thus identified as having allergenic sensitizing potential. Based on the BMDC model, they were classified as extreme (1 out of 27), strong (20 out of 27) and moderate (5 out of 27) sensitizers. BPA was classified as a moderate sensitizer and BPF was the only substitute classified as a non-sensitizer. The more potent substitutes induced more than 2-fold secretion of CCL3, CCL4 and/or CCL5 by dendritic cells., Conclusion: Most of the BPA substitutes tested in this study have an allergenic sensitizing potential; 24 of them being more potent than BPA itself. Only BPE, BPF and 2,4-BPS appeared to be weaker sensitizers than BPA., (© 2023 The Authors. Contact Dermatitis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Determination of Fragrance Allergens in Paper Personal Care Products by Headspace (HS) Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Optimization.
- Author
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Jing Chen, Zonghui Yi, Jiangwei Yin, Simin Dong, Lian Wang, and Yongxin Li
- Subjects
- *
GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) , *HYGIENE products , *RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics) , *LIQUID-liquid extraction , *ALLERGENS , *CHEMICAL preconcentration , *BENZYL alcohol - Abstract
Fragrance allergens (FAs) have been widely used in wet wipes, diapers, sanitary napkins, and other paper personal care products. There are more than 1000 fragrance allergens that may be present in these products. However, their negative effects on human health and environment cannot be ignored. This work presented a headspace (HS) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the determination of fragrance allergens in paper personal care products. The factors affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimal conditions, the method provided good linearity (R-0.995) from 2.5x10-4 to 1.28x10-1mg with low limits of detection (LODs) between 1.9x10-2 and 6.0 mg/kg. Twenty paper personal care products were analyzed and 12 fragrance allergens were detected. The detection rate of benzyl alcohol was the highest (80%) with contents from 0.009 to 5.73mg/kg, followed by linalool (over 75%) with a content of 12.30mg/kg in makeup removing wipes. Additionally, a comparison for the determination of fragrance allergens by solid-liquid extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (SLE-DLLME) and HS-SPME was reported. HS-SPME has been demonstrated to be a sensitive screening method for fragrance allergens in paper personal care products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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40. Current approaches and challenges of sample preparation procedures for the safety assessment of paper and cardboard food contact materials: A comprehensive review
- Author
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Misha Vrolijk, Athanasios Kourkopoulos, and Dick Sijm
- Subjects
OF-THE-ART ,Food Safety ,sample preparation ,MIGRATION ,BOARD ,Food Contamination ,food contact chemicals ,SUBSTANCES ,Allergens ,food contact materials ,MINERAL-OIL HYDROCARBONS ,DRY FOODS ,CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS ,paper and cardboard ,CONTAMINANTS ,European Union ,PACKAGING MATERIALS ,Plastics ,food packaging ,Food Science ,RECYCLED PAPERBOARD - Abstract
In the European Union (EU), Regulation (EC) 1935/2004 provides a harmonized legal EU framework and sets out the general principles for safety and inertness for all Food Contact Materials (FCMs) and Food Contact Articles. From a food safety point of view, however, specific EU legislation for paper and cardboard FCMs is lacking, while at Member State level, national legislation differs among countries. More than 11,000 chemicals have been identified in all types of FCMs, most of them without any information on toxicity or migration potential from FCM to food. The present review shows a wide variability of protocols, approaches, and conditions used in scientific studies, which are difficult to compare. In this regard, procedures and conditions laid down in EU legislation for plastics and European Standards (EN protocols) may serve as a good basis for the future sample preparation procedures in the framework of paper and cardboard FCMs safety assessment. Challenges on sample preparation procedures are presented involving the interlinked steps of sample preparation, conditions used and their impact in chemical analysis and in vitro bioassay testing. Currently, there is no general consensus on the criteria for structuring, evaluating, and tuning sample preparation procedures for paper and cardboard FCMs. For this purpose, a set of modified criteria and a decision tree are proposed based on the literature. Along this, mass transfer processes occurring in paper and cardboard FCMs and parameters affecting chemical migration need to be accounted for prior to reaching general consensus on criteria for sample preparation procedures.
- Published
- 2022
41. Sub-lingual immunotherapy: World Allergy Organization Position Paper 2009.
- Author
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Canonica GW, Bousquet J, Casale T, Lockey RF, Baena-Cagnani CE, Pawankar R, Potter PC, Bousquet PJ, Cox LS, Durham SR, Nelson HS, Passalacqua G, Ryan DP, Brozek JL, Compalati E, Dahl R, Delgado L, van Wijk RG, Gower RG, Ledford DK, Filho NR, Valovirta EJ, Yusuf OM, Zuberbier T, Akhanda W, Almarales RC, Ansotegui I, Bonifazi F, Ceuppens J, Chivato T, Dimova D, Dumitrascu D, Fontana L, Katelaris CH, Kaulsay R, Kuna P, Larenas-Linnemann D, Manoussakis M, Nekam K, Nunes C, O'Hehir R, Olaguibel JM, Onder NB, Park JW, Priftanji A, Puy R, Sarmiento L, Scadding G, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Seberova E, Sepiashvili R, Solé D, Togias A, Tomino C, Toskala E, Van Beever H, and Vieths S
- Subjects
- Administration, Sublingual, Asthma immunology, Asthma therapy, Child, Clinical Trials as Topic, Food Hypersensitivity immunology, Food Hypersensitivity therapy, Humans, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Rhinitis immunology, Rhinitis therapy, Allergens administration & dosage, Immunotherapy adverse effects, Immunotherapy methods, Immunotherapy standards, Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The CONSORT statement checklist in allergen-specific immunotherapy: a GA2LEN paper.
- Author
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Bousquet PJ, Brozek J, Bachert C, Bieber T, Bonini S, Burney P, Calderon M, Canonica GW, Compalati E, Daures JP, Delgado L, Demoly P, Dahl R, Durham SR, Kowalski ML, Malling HJ, Merk H, Papadopoulos N, Passalacqua G, Simon HU, Worms M, Wahn U, Zuberbier T, Schünemann HJ, and Bousquet J
- Subjects
- Double-Blind Method, Humans, Immunotherapy standards, Patient Selection, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic methods, Reference Standards, Allergens immunology, Immunotherapy methods, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic standards
- Abstract
The methodology of randomized clinical trials is essential for the critical assessment and registration of therapeutic interventions. The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement was developed to alleviate the problems arising from the inadequate reporting of randomized controlled trials. The present article reflects on the items that we believe should be included in the CONSORT checklist in the context of conducting and reporting trials in allergen-specific immunotherapy. Only randomized, blinded (in particular blinding of patients, health care providers, and outcome assessors), placebo-controlled Phase III studies in this article. Our analysis focuses on the definition of patients' inclusion and exclusion criteria, allergen standardization, primary, secondary and exploratory outcomes, reporting of adverse events and analysis.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis to methyldibromoglutaronitrile in hand degreasing toilet paper.
- Author
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Marcano ME, Heras F, and Conde-Salazar L
- Subjects
- Automobiles, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact pathology, Dermatitis, Occupational etiology, Dermatitis, Occupational pathology, Diagnosis, Differential, Hand Dermatoses etiology, Hand Dermatoses pathology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patch Tests, Allergens adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact diagnosis, Dermatitis, Occupational diagnosis, Hand Dermatoses diagnosis, Nitriles adverse effects
- Abstract
We inform about a case of occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD) to methyldibromoglutaronitrile (MDBGN) in industrial hand degreasing moist toilet paper. To our knowledge, this is the first published case of OACD to MDBGN in industrial hand degreasing toilet papers. A cause-effect relationship seems to be clearly established. We believe that physicians must keep in mind that MDBGN is a strong allergen either mixed or as a single component of industrial moist toilet papers. MDBGN must be taken into account for OACD at an appropriate work environment.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. On the cover. Paper wasp.
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Weber RW
- Subjects
- Animals, Desensitization, Immunologic, Europe, Insect Bites and Stings immunology, United States, Allergens immunology, Wasp Venoms immunology, Wasps immunology
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. [Diagnostic, prophylactic and therapeutic guidelines in patients with atopic dermatitis. Position paper by the task force of the National Specialists on Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology].
- Author
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Gliński W, Kruszewski J, Silny W, Kurzawa R, Czarnecka-Operacz M, Baran E, and Szepietowski J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Allergens drug effects, Anti-Allergic Agents therapeutic use, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Anti-Infective Agents, Local therapeutic use, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal therapeutic use, Antifungal Agents therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Dermatitis, Atopic drug therapy, Dermatitis, Atopic etiology, Dermatitis, Atopic prevention & control, Dermatologic Agents therapeutic use, Disease Progression, Eczema diagnosis, Eczema therapy, Enzyme Inhibitors therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Poland, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Risk Factors, Allergens adverse effects, Dermatitis, Atopic diagnosis, Dermatitis, Atopic therapy
- Abstract
Treatment modalities of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are dependent on patient age, on the intensity of both skin symptoms and subjective signs of the disease i.e. itch and sleep disturbances, on the body surface involved with lesions, as well as on the type of sensitizing allergens. The characteristic of these allergens is crucial to start prophylaxis and to make decision about specific immunotherapy. In asymptomatic period of the disease the most important factor is to prevent dryness of the skin using emollients, which reconstruct integrity and continuity of stratum corneum. This procedure prevents penetration of air-borne allergens across damaged skin barrier into the skin. In mild AD cases, pimecrolimus (mainly in children) and corticosteroids of the lowest potency alternatively with their basis should be recommended. In moderate intensity AD either topical treatment with calcineurin inhibitors i.e. tacrolimus and pimecrolimus or topical corticosteroids from 4-5 group of American classification should be applied. In addition, PUVA/UVB phototherapy may be beneficial, as well as immunotherapy with specific airborne allergen/s. Coexisting bacterial skin infections should be treated with systemic antibiotics (macrolides, quinolones, and cephalosporins), viral herpes infection systemically using acyclovir for 5-7 days, and fungal infections applying ketoconazole orally, accompanied by topical treatment with miconazole or other antimycotics. Severe AD is an indication for the systemic use of cyclosporin A (rather than corticosteroids), and antibiotics as mentioned above. Prolonged 3-5 year specific immunotherapy is significant concern for selected cases. Sensitive skin areas such as face, orbicular skin, flexures should be treated with pimecrolimus and tacrolimus rather than with corticosteroids, however, topical corticosteroids are recommended on involved skin of the trunk and the extremities besides of flexures. While the improvement of severe AD is reached, the treatment modalities for benign and mild AD should be observed. In all AD patients with active skin lesions antihistaminic drugs of 2nd generation reactive with H1 receptor are a gold standard (or short treatment with these drugs of 1st generation to achieve a sedative effect, followed by the 2nd generation drug), as well as tranquilizers as the combined treatment. There is no reason for the use of anti-leukotriene drugs.
- Published
- 2004
46. Characterization of the major allergens purified from the venom of the paper wasp Polistes gallicus.
- Author
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Pantera B, Hoffman DR, Carresi L, Cappugi G, Turillazzi S, Manao G, Severino M, Spadolini I, Orsomando G, Moneti G, and Pazzagli L
- Subjects
- Allergens genetics, Allergens isolation & purification, Amino Acid Sequence, Anaphylaxis etiology, Animals, Cross Reactions, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Immediate diagnosis, Hypersensitivity, Immediate etiology, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Protein Conformation, Species Specificity, Wasp Venoms genetics, Wasp Venoms isolation & purification, Wasps genetics, Wasps immunology, Allergens chemistry, Wasp Venoms immunology
- Abstract
Allergic reactions to vespid stings are one of the major causes of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. Vespa and Vespula venoms are closely related; Polistes venom is more distantly related and its allergens are less well studied. There is limited cross-reactivity between Polistes and the other vespid venoms because of differences in the epitopes on the allergen molecules. In this study, the major allergens of Polistes gallicus are isolated and characterized. P. gallicus venom contains four major allergens: phospholipase, antigen 5 (Ag5), hyaluronidase and protease that were characterized by mass spectrometry and specific binding to IgE. The complete amino acid sequence of Ag5 and the sequence of the N-terminal region of phospholipase were also determined. The alignment of Ag5 from P. gallicus (European species) and Polistes annularis (American species) shows an 85% identity that increases to 98% within the same subgenus. This could suggest the presence of specific epitopes on Ag5 molecule being the variations on the superficial loops. The features of the P. gallicus allergens could explain the partial cross-reactivity found between the American and European Polistes venoms, and suggest that the use of European Polistes venoms would improve the diagnostic specificity and the therapy of European patients and of North American patients sensitized by European Polistes.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. [Anal and palmar contact dermatitis caused by iodopropynyl butylcarbamate in moist sanitary wipes].
- Author
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Schöllnast R, Kränke B, and Aberer W
- Subjects
- Anti-Allergic Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Allergic Agents therapeutic use, Anti-Inflammatory Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Anus Diseases drug therapy, Carbamates adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact diagnosis, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact drug therapy, Hand Dermatoses drug therapy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mometasone Furoate, Pregnadienediols administration & dosage, Pregnadienediols therapeutic use, Skin Tests, Time Factors, Allergens, Anus Diseases chemically induced, Carbamates immunology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Hand Dermatoses chemically induced, Household Products adverse effects, Paper, Preservatives, Pharmaceutical adverse effects
- Abstract
A 63-year old man developed severe perianal and palmar contact dermatitis caused by sensitization to iodopropynyl butylcarbamate in moist sanitary wipes. Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate is increasingly employed as preservative in common cosmetic formulations and moist sanitary wipes as substitute for the previously frequently used sensitizers isothiazolinones and methyldibromoglutaronitrile. The allergic potential of diverse preservatives is a serious problem for the cosmetic industry, since truly hypoallergenic preservatives are not available but products such as moist sanitary wipes in large packages definitely require some form of protection.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Recombinant allergens with reduced allergenicity but retaining immunogenicity of the natural allergens: hybrids of yellow jacket and paper wasp venom allergen antigen 5s.
- Author
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King TP, Jim SY, Monsalve RI, Kagey-Sobotka A, Lichtenstein LM, and Spangfort MD
- Subjects
- Allergens chemistry, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Circular Dichroism, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte genetics, Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte immunology, Female, Genetic Vectors immunology, Histamine Release genetics, Histamine Release immunology, Humans, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Molecular Sequence Data, Pichia genetics, Pichia immunology, Recombinant Fusion Proteins biosynthesis, Recombinant Fusion Proteins chemical synthesis, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Wasp Venoms chemical synthesis, Allergens genetics, Allergens immunology, Recombinant Fusion Proteins immunology, Wasp Venoms genetics, Wasp Venoms immunology
- Abstract
The homologous venom allergen Ag 5s from the yellow jacket (Vespula vulgaris) and paper wasp (Polistes annularis) have 59% sequence identity of their respective 204 and 205 amino acid residues, and they have low degrees of antigenic cross-reactivity in insect allergic patients and in animal models. Hybrids containing different segments of these two vespid Ag 5s were expressed in yeast. Circular dichroism spectroscopy suggests the hybrids to have the secondary structure of natural Ag 5. Inhibition ELISA with human and murine Abs suggests the hybrids to have the discontinuous B cell epitopes of the natural Ag 5 but with an altered epitope density. The hybrids were immunogenic in mice for B and T cell responses to both Ag 5s. The N-terminal region of Ag 5 was found to contain its dominant B cell epitope(s). Hybrids containing 10-49 residues of yellow jacket Ag 5 showed 100- to 3000-fold reduction in allergenicity when tested by histamine release assay with basophils of yellow jacket-sensitive patients. Our findings suggest that hybrids represent a useful approach to map the discontinuous B cell epitope-containing regions of proteins. They also suggest that Ag 5 hybrids may be useful immunotherapeutic reagents in man.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. WHO position paper on oral (sublingual) immunotherapy.
- Author
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Morris DL
- Subjects
- Administration, Sublingual, Humans, World Health Organization, Allergens administration & dosage, Desensitization, Immunologic, Respiratory Hypersensitivity therapy
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. [WHO position paper (summary)--allergen-immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases].
- Author
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Malling HJ
- Subjects
- Allergens administration & dosage, Allergens adverse effects, Anaphylaxis, Desensitization, Immunologic adverse effects, Humans, Injections, Subcutaneous, Vaccines administration & dosage, Vaccines adverse effects, Allergens therapeutic use, Desensitization, Immunologic methods, Hypersensitivity therapy, Vaccines standards
- Abstract
From January 27 to 29, 1997, experts on allergen immunotherapy from various geographic locations throughout the world met at the headquarter of the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, Switzerland to reach a consensus on international guidelines. Guidelines or indications for immunotherapy with inhalant allergens and venoms have been published before by the WHO, the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), the International Consensus Report on Asthma, the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, the International Consensus Report on Rhinitis, the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) and the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI). The committee wrote a position paper based on scientific articles reviewed for data before April 1, 1997. These guidelines should result in a better understanding of the science and rationale for using allergen immunotherapy as well as improve the safety of such therapy. The document also defines new techniques being developed which may result in better efficacy and less risk for allergen immunotherapy as well as recommends areas of additional and necessary research.
- Published
- 1999
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