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Reviews the life and work of the famous invertebrate zoologist Libbie Henrietta Hyman. Focuses on her work at the American Museum of History and her role as informal mentor and valued colleague and collaborator to zoologists all over the world. Contains 17 references. (DDR)

Presents a profile of the life and work of George Ancona, a Mexican-American writer-photographer of children's books. Notes three themes that figure prominently in his life and work: human diversity, family ties, and learning and growth. (SR)

Recounts why the author became interested in writing about Mina Shaughnessy, an outstanding teacher who was from a working class family. Describes briefly the life and works of Shaughnessy. (PA)

Gives a brief biography of Will Weaver, author of young adult fiction, and a detailed review of Weaver's "Striking Out" and its sequel "Farm Team." Explains that the two novels focus on a young adult's family life and his aspiration to excel as a baseball player on the middle school team. (TB)

Shows how one teacher answered student questions about how a particular piece of literature came to be regarded as worthy of in-depth examination. Proposes that students be taught about various critical approaches, including Jungian/archetypal criticism, formalism, reader-response criticism, socio-historical and biographical criticism, and philosophical criticism. (TB)

Contains the first chapter of a new biography of an influential writing teacher, Mina Shaughnessy, who was a founder of the "Journal of Basic Writing". (PA)

Using life-history interviews with three tenure track teacher educators, this article examines teacher socialization experiences, investigating how life histories can highlight the process of becoming faculty, noting change efforts that may lead to radical reforms, and discussing whether schools of education merely perpetuate traditional norms and values. (SM)

Examines the central place of pedagogy in teacher educators' lives, discussing resulting contradictions and coherence as they struggle with current institutional contexts. A life- history narrative of a tenure track teacher educator emphasizes the importance of pedagogy. Implications for teacher educators, institutional contexts, and the profession are examined. (SM)

Critically reviews modern writings about American Indians, focusing on Indian romance novels, children's stories, biographies, works by "urban mixed-bloods," and the "art for art's sake" stance. Views non-Native works as irrelevant and most Native writings as self-centered or escapist. Calls for Native intellectuals to contribute to the real life and future of Indian communities and nations. (SV)

This professional biography of Zena Sutherland contains her recollections of men and women in children's book publishing and assesses her impact on the field. Her work as professor, editor, reviewer, writer, and in professional associations is discussed, and establishment of the Zena Sutherland Lectures is described. (Author/LRW)

New research on teaching involves qualitative, or ethnographic, methods. It is highly descriptive and often relies on narrative inquiry, which is embedded with messages about power, justice, and inequality. The new research relies on language and dialogue, using metaphors, stories, biographies, autobiographies, conversations, exemplars, reflection, interviews, case studies, and teachers' voices. (SM)

Presents a review of stories about and historical portrayals of Pocahontas, the Native American who saved John Smith in Colonial America. Indicates that prescripted roles for women and Native Americans have been variously applied to her. Argues that for all the interpretations, there is a dearth of works by Native Americans on the subject. (10 citations) (MAB)

Suggests that by reading relevant literature, examining films, essays, and music lyrics, and listening closely to students themselves, both teachers and students can come to better understand violence. Reviews specific works of literature and subject areas covered in a lower-level college literature course and a high school English class. Includes annotations of 27 works of literature. (TB)

After conducting 10 interviews with outstanding educators for the "Educational Leadership" portrait series, the author realized his subjects had more in common than extraordinary achievement. They shared patterns constituting a leitmotif in their careers--characteristics such as vision, tenacity, recursiveness, time commitment, and dedication to career. (MLH)

Mayor Rudolph Giuliani is angry about the way education works in New York City and is determined to debureaucratize schools and make them safer. Memories of his own parochial school education inspire Giuliani to hold up the Catholic school system as a possible reform model. He favors school choice and differs with the chancellor over safety and accountability issues. (MLH)

This paper focuses on the dynamics that animate the situation of women inside academia and the social world of science. Based on a long-term ethnographic study we chose specific cases (scientists educated in Poland) to illustrate the complexity of the career-making process in the 21st century. In this country, in a social and professional environment that has belonged to the European Union for 12 years, we observed several particularities. In order to demonstrate the process of "reverse dynamic of equality construction" we adapted a "longue durée" perspective. Our article shows how so-called "democratization" dynamics (after the political changes of 1989) influenced the professional trajectories of women in Poland. The data suggest a progressive deterioration of the situation for Polish female scientists--a process that is ignored by the majority of Polish scholars.

Discusses how writing and analysis of life histories, identification and analysis of personal teaching metaphors, and action research can be powerful means for encouraging professional development in teachers. Recommends that teacher educators engage in self-study and life-history analysis to encourage students to do the same. (SM)

According to the late Ralph W. Tyler, the purpose of life is learning. The school's role is to help children (and adults) discover scholarly activity. Teaching is a complex process that requires continual learning. The goal is to become self-directed learners. Cooperative problem solving is best pursued independently of outside financial assistance. (MLH)

Describes Donald H. Eichorn's leadership, commitment, and scholarship, highlighting his role in establishing the nation's first (nongraded) middle school, in the early 1960s. He founded middle school practices and programs on learner characteristics, developmentally appropriate tasks, and advisory groups at a time when little information about young adolescents existed. Eichorn's psychosocial model exchanged "senior-high" activities for age-appropriate ones. (MLH)

Notes that Donald Super, who died in 1994, was member of National Career Development Association for 60 years. Structured around five stages in Super's life stage model and narrated in language of vocational development tasks that he identified and researched, tells story of Super's career development and extrapolates themes in his career as vocational psychologist and career counselor. (Author/NB)

Provides an annotated bibliography of the 39 best science and technology books from 1993 in the areas of animal life, astronomy, biography, chemistry, earth science, environmental sciences, evolution, mathematics, medical sciences, natural history, paleontology, philosophy of science, physics, psychology, general science, and technology. Ethical issues addressed by the publications are noted. (LRW)

Conrad F. Toepfer's experiences as a symphonic, jazz, and folk player influence his anxieties and concerns about education's moral obligations to further human development and freedom for all. Committed to learning as an active, interactive process, Toepfer has helped gather, organize, and motivate groups to design and implement middle-level education. The idea is to harmonize the world's dissonances. (MLH)

Known for his work with the Coalition of Essential Schools and the Atlas Project, Sizer is a modest but brilliant administrator who is knowledgeable about education and thoughtful about what works in schools under varying circumstances. The coalition counteracts high schools'"intellectual shabbiness" and curricular superficiality by encouraging participating schools to shun models and rethink their purpose. (MLH)

From his early work to establish teacher's union to involvement with civil rights issues, Al Shanker has earned reputation as education profession's moral conscience. Under Shanker's leadership, United Federation of Teachers has grown from 2,500 to 110,000 members. American Federation of Teachers has doubled membership to 796,000. Shanker advocates shared decision making, national testing standards, and serious school restructuring. (MLH)

Discusses the role of young adult literature written from an authentic black cultural perspective in helping black young adults achieve the skills and knowledge they require to succeed in this society. Examples of relevant titles are given in the genres of realistic fiction, biography, autobiography, and folklore. (Contains 35 references.) (LRW)

Presents an analysis of the portrayal of Christopher Columbus in writings about U.S. history. Suggests that most scholars would agree with Justin Winsor's 1892 portrayal of Columbus. Criticizes the controversy surrounding the explorer's first North American voyage. Concludes that current scholarship may give future generations a more accurate view of Columbus. (SG)

Reviews several children's biographies of Columbus and challenges the image of Columbus portrayed in these books. Calls upon educators to be more critical when having elementary school students read about Columbus. (MG)

First in a series of profiles to trace the intellectual roots of the modern middle-school movement through the thoughts and actions of five of its most influential revolutionaries. (seven references) (MLF)

As director of Association for Supervision and Curriculum for 19 years, Gordon Cawelti traveled over 2 million miles to improve curriculum and teaching and provide leadership. After upgrading conference and journal quality in early years, Cawelti concentrated on promoting team leadership and developing a global education model. On retirement, Cawelti hopes the association will remain the conscience of education. (MLH)

Hank Levin's educational vision is to accelerate learning of disadvantaged children and bring at-risk students into academic mainstream by end of their elementary school years. Levin believes that, if educators exposed all children to richest experiences and also connected with children's own experiences, their culture, and their community, mainstreaming them and involving parents would be no problem. (MLH)

This article, which accompanies Jane Martin's piece in this issue of "FORUM" (Volume 55 Number 2 2013, pp. 327-333), is a revised version of a lecture given at the History of education conference held in Winchester, December 1, 2012. [See the accompanying article "Caroline Decamp Benn and the Comprehensive Education Movement: The Biographer's Tale," by Jane Martin at EJ1018425.]

This paper presents web research strategies for teachers and students to use in building Dramatic Event, Historical Biography, and Influential Literature wiki pages for history/social studies learning. Dramatic Events refer to milestone or turning point moments in history. Historical Biographies and Influential Literature pages feature historically prominent people, both real and fictional. As teachers and students research these topics, they practice accessing and assessing online information while expanding web research and digital literacy skills. They discover how the interactive capacities of wiki technology present people, events and literature in multimodal ways that engage students in deepening history learning. The paper includes sample event, biography, and literature pages hyperlinked to "Resources for History Teachers", an award-winning open educational content wiki maintained by the History Teacher Education program at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. These model wiki pages incorporate primary and secondary materials, multimedia resources, and multicultural topics for teaching and learning. Students and teachers can use these model pages to construct their own wiki pages tailored to local and state history/social studies curriculum.

James P. Mitchell was Secretary of Labor in the Eisenhower administration, which was widely perceived to be probusiness. However, he attempted to promote peaceful labor relations, address the concerns of disadvantaged citizens, and seize the opportunities offered by new technology. (JOW)

During the early twentieth century, Eugene V. Debs supported abolition of child labor, equal pay for equal work for women, and pensions for both men and women. (Author/JOW)

Focuses on the philosophical leanings and humanist and spiritual qualities of five Black-American scientists--Banneker, Carver, Just, Latimer, and Julian--for whom there seemed no conflict between science and the humanities. Their writings are commended to contemporary readers for this reason. (DM)

Interviews Eleanor Duckworth, author of "The Having of Wonderful Ideas," concerning her thoughts on teaching and learning. A former student of Piaget, Duckworth taught in the Elementary Science Study and eventually became a teacher educator. She emphasizes the importance of starting from teachers' knowledge and understanding how children learn. (MLH)