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1. Evaluation of Concomitant Use of Anticancer Drugs and Herbal Products: From Interactions to Synergic Activity.

Author

Berretta, Massimiliano, Dal Lago, Lissandra, Tinazzi, Mattia, Ronchi, Andrea, La Rocca, Gaspare, Montella, Liliana, Di Francia, Raffaele, Facchini, Bianca Arianna, Bignucolo, Alessia, and Montopoli, Monica

Subjects
BIOTHERAPY, TUMOR prevention, THERAPEUTIC use of antineoplastic agents, HERBAL medicine, COMBINATION drug therapy, BIOLOGICAL products, CLINICAL trials, INTEGRATIVE medicine, SYSTEMATIC reviews, IMMUNE system, RISK assessment, DRUG interactions, QUALITY of life, DRUG synergism, ALTERNATIVE medicine, MEDICAL prescriptions
Abstract

Simple Summary: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies include a wide range of procedures and products that are often used by cancer patients to directly combat cancer and to protect normal cells from the toxic effects of conventional therapies. Most often, their use is self-prescribed based on a collection of scattered information from websites and advice from relatives or friends. In this paper, we examined the potential known benefits and harms associated with the most commonly used alternative treatments to provide a practical guide for caregivers and patients. CAM is used by about 40% of cancer patients in Western Countries, with peaks of 80% for breast cancer patients. Cancer patients use CAM to boost immune function, to control cancer symptoms and treatment-related side effects, and to improve health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and survival. Unfortunately, self-prescription of natural remedies in cancer patients can lead to unexpected toxicities and can reduce the effectiveness of cancer therapy. Although CAM usually refers to all the "natural or organic" products/methods that are generally considered less toxic, there are concerns about drug interactions, especially in patients participating in clinical trials with experimental agents. Despite the claims of the promising and potential benefits made by prescribers, many CAMs lack clear scientific evidence of their safety and efficacy. Given the widespread use of CAM—both clearly declared and overt—in this review, we focused on the most important known data on the risk of interactions between biologics and oncology drugs with the goal of opening up CAM in accordance with the meaning of integrative medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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2. Frontier progress of the combination of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Author

Wei, Lai, Wang, Zeyu, Jing, Niancai, Lu, Yi, Yang, Jili, Xiao, Hongyu, Guo, Huanyu, Sun, Shoukun, Li, Mingjing, Zhao, Daqing, Li, Xiangyan, Qi, Wenxiu, and Zhang, Yue

Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of antineoplastic agents, MEDICINE, ONLINE information services, ADJUVANT chemotherapy, HERBAL medicine, INTEGRATIVE medicine, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDICAL technology, APOPTOSIS, TREATMENT effectiveness, MEDLINE, CHINESE medicine, HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma, IMMUNOTHERAPY, DRUG resistance in cancer cells, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, accounting for 90% of primary liver cancer) was the sixth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer death in 2020. The number of new HCC patients in China accounted for nearly half of that in the world. HCC was of occult and complex onset, with poor prognosis. Clinically, at least 15% of patients with HCC had strong side effects of interventional therapy (IT) and have poor sensitivity to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a multi-target adjuvant therapy, had been shown to play an active anti-tumor role in many previous studies. This review systematically summarized the role of TCM combined with clinically commonly used drugs for the treatment of HCC (including mitomycin C, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, sorafenib, etc.) in the past basic research, and summarized the efficacy of TCM combined with surgery, IT and conventional therapy (CT) in clinical research. It was found that TCM, as an adjuvant treatment, played many roles in the treatment of HCC, including enhancing the tumor inhibition, reducing toxic and side effects, improving chemosensitivity and prolonging survival time of patients. This review summarized the advantages of integrated traditional Chinese and modern medicine in the treatment of HCC and provides a theoretical basis for clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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3. Hangeshashinto for preventing oral mucositis in patients receiving cancer treatment: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Yuting Wang, Hong Liu, Xi Fu, Chong Xiao, Yi-Feng Ren, and Fengming You

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pain, Subgroup analysis, Cochrane Library, chemotherapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Neoplasms, Mucositis, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, Protocol (science), Stomatitis, business.industry, radiation oncology, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Study heterogeneity, Systematic review, Reporting bias, Research Design, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Meta-analysis, herbal medicine, Complementary Medicine, business, Systematic Reviews as Topic
Abstract

IntroductionHangeshashinto has been employed for oral mucositis prevention in patients receiving cancer treatment, but the evidence has not been sufficiently robust to guide clinical decision-making. This study will therefore be undertaken to assess the effectiveness of Hangeshashinto for preventing oral mucositis in patients with cancer who are receiving treatment.Methods and analysisThe databases will include PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Chinese databases and Japanese databases. The literature will be searched from the databases’ inception until May 2021. Other sources, such as potential grey literature, reference lists from included studies and relevant systematic reviews and conference papers, will also be searched. The primary outcome is the incidence of mucositis of any severity, and the secondary outcomes are interruptions to cancer treatment, oral pain and nutritional status. The risk of bias of eligible studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s ‘risk of bias’ tool. Both the Q test and I2 statistic will be performed to assess statistical heterogeneity. If I2 >50%, sensitivity and subgroup analysis will be conducted. The quality of evidence will be rated according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Egger’s test will be used to assess reporting bias.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review will evaluate only published data; therefore, ethical approval is not required.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020216145.

Published
2021

4. Systematic review of natural and miscellaneous agents for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients and clinical practice guidelines—part 1:vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements

Author

Alessandra Majorana, Margherita Gobbo, Giulia Ottaviani, Eyal Zur, Vinisha Ranna, Anura Ariyawardana, Hanan Saca-Hazboun, Tanya Rouleau, Isoo, Monica Pentenero, Allan Hovan, Andrei Barasch, Karis Kin Fong Cheng, Paolo Bossi, Abhishek Kandwal, Rajesh V. Lalla, Narmin Mohammed Nasr, Siri Beier Jensen, Noam Yarom, Nathaniel S. Treister, Anusha Vaddi, Sharon Elad, Anna Skripnik Lucas, Yarom, N., Hovan, A., Bossi, P., Ariyawardana, A., Jensen, S. B., Gobbo, M., Saca-Hazboun, H., Kandwal, A., Majorana, A., Ottaviani, G., Pentenero, M., Nasr, N. M., Rouleau, T., Lucas, A. S., Treister, N. S., Zur, E., Ranna, V., Vaddi, A., Cheng, K. K. F., Barasch, A., Lalla, R. V., and Elad, S.

Subjects
Mucositis, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Glutamine, MEDLINE, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Guideline, Guidelines, Supersaturated calcium phosphate rinse, Oral mucositis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Neoplasms, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mineral, Dietary Supplement, Chemotherapy, Minerals, Stomatitis, business.industry, Herbal medicine, Natural, Zinc, Dietary Supplements, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Vitamins, Head and Neck Neoplasm, Cancer, medicine.disease, Mucositi, Stomatiti, Radiation therapy, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Concomitant, Neoplasm, business, Oral mucositi, Human
Abstract

Purpose: To update the clinical practice guidelines for the use of natural and miscellaneous agents for the prevention and/or treatment of oral mucositis (OM). Methods: A systematic review was conducted by the Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer / International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). The body of evidence for each intervention, in each cancer treatment setting, was assigned an evidence level. The findings were added to the database used to develop the 2014 MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines. Based on the evidence level, the following guidelines were determined: Recommendation, Suggestion, and No Guideline Possible. Results: A total of 78 papers were identified within the scope of this section, out of which 29 were included in this part, and were analyzed with 27 previously reviewed studies. A new Suggestion was made for oral glutamine for the prevention of OM in head and neck (H&N) cancer patients receiving radiotherapy with concomitant chemotherapy. The previous Recommendation against the use of parenteral glutamine for the prevention of OM in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients was re-established. A previous Suggestion for zinc to prevent OM in H&N cancer patients treated with radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy was reversed to No Guideline Possible. No guideline was possible for other interventions. Conclusions: Of the vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements studied for the management of OM, the evidence supports a Recommendation against parenteral glutamine in HSCT patients and a Suggestion in favor of oral glutamine in H&N cancer patients for the management of OM.

Published
2019

5. Recent Advances in Herbal Medicines for Digestive System Malignancies

Author

Wei Yang, Jiyao Sheng, Ranji Cui, Xiaohan Zou, Yang Lin, Yien Xiang, and Ziqian Cheng

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, side effect, medicine.medical_treatment, Tumor cells, Traditional Chinese medicine, Disease, Review, chemotherapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), digestive system malignancies, Pharmacology, Chemotherapy, Traditional medicine, business.industry, lcsh:RM1-950, comprehensive treatment, Cancer, medicine.disease, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, herbal medicine, business, Adjuvant
Abstract

Herbal medicines, as an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), have been used to treat digestive system malignancies (DSM) for many years, and have gradually gained recognition worldwide. The role of herbal medicines in the comprehensive treatment of DSM is being improved from adjuvant treatment of the autologous immune function in cancer patients, to the treatment of both the symptoms and disease, direct inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation, and induction of tumor cell autophagy and apoptosis. Their specific mechanisms in these treatments are also being explored. The paper reviews the current anti-tumor mechanisms of TCM, including single herbal medicines, Chinese herbal formulations, Chinese medicine preparations and TCM extract, and their application in the comprehensive treatment of digestive system tumors, providing a reference for clinical application of TCM.

Published
2018