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1. Peer Group Evaluation of Narrative Competence: A Navajo Example. Working Papers in Sociolinguistics, No. 47.

Author

Southwest Educational Development Lab., Austin, TX. and Brady, Margaret

Abstract

The narrative performances of Navajo children were examined to determine the ways in which the skills of competently structuring a narrative are informally learned within the peer group. Ten- and eleven-year-old Navajo children, living near Window Rock, Arizona, were evaluated in telling stories about the most traditional figures of Navajo belief, skinwalkers (the Navajo equivalents of werewolves). The stories were collected from the children as they gathered in self-selected groups within the classroom. The narratives were told in English, the first language of most of the children. For the Navajo child, a peer group is not merely a collection of friends, but of family members. Six elements in the structure of a well-formed narrative, suggested by William Labov (1972), provide an organizational framework for the analysis. These elements are: abstract, orientation, complicating action, evaluation, result or resolution, and coda. Examples of the story-telling of specific children are cited. It is concluded that competence in ordering and structuring a narrative remains intimately connected with the interactions of a narrator's peers, for it is through peer group interaction that a child learns what is acceptable, what is exciting and involving, and what is culturally meaningful. The narrative competence in structuring the story cannot be measured simply on a scale of cognitive abilities and age-graded achievements. (SW)

Published
1978

12. PAPIER TRWALSZY NIŻ KAMIEŃ - O NAGROBKU STANISŁAWA ŻÓŁKIEWSKIEGO NAPISANYM PRZEZ JAKUBA SOBIESKIEGO.

Author

BARŁOWSKA, MARIA

Subjects
SEPULCHRAL monuments, ATTRIBUTION of authorship, AUTHORSHIP, SPEECH, INSCRIPTIONS, LEGENDS, FUNERALS
Abstract

Copyright of Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
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14. Folk Literature in the Foreign Language Classroom.

Author

Bagg, Mary Beth

Abstract

The usefulness of various forms of folk literature as grammatical, literary, historical, and cultural sources in foreign language teaching is discussed and guidelines are suggested for classroom implementation. Although the focus is on folk or fairy tales, folk literature is defined to encompass myths, local legends, saints' legends, children's legends, folk songs, sagas, jokes, and anecdotes as well. Answers to basic questions are presented, including why fairy tales should be used to teach a foreign language, what types of grammar can be emphasized, and how writing and oral skills can be developed. Specific fairy tale elements that can be taught include traditional beginnings and endings, the use of numbers, stock characters, diminutives, comparatives and superlatives, gems, and precious metals. Ways to engage a class in story telling are described, based on one teacher's experience while teaching German. Five principles (one-dimensionality, superficiality, abstract style, isolation and a bond with nature's creatures, and sublimation and worldliness) are given that can be used as a basis for interpretation of fairy tales. A sample, unfinished German fairy tale is presented for audience or reader reaction. Contains 24 references. (LB)

Published
1991

15. The Paper Bag Principle: Of the Myth and the Motion of Colorism.

Author

Kerr, Audrey Elisa

Subjects
*HUMAN skin color, *AFRICAN American folklore, *AMERICAN folklore, *ORAL history, *LEGENDS
Abstract

This article, extracted from a larger study, is attentive to the national folk culture of African-American communities--especially rumor and legend--in a number of city centers. The study begins with Washington, D.C., as a representative model to examine the role of complexion-related lore in black neighborhoods, organizations, and institutions, and then extends outward to other urban areas. Complexion lore, the article argues, functioned as a sophisticated negotiation of racism, wherein black residents complicated American urban principles of inclusion and exclusion by integrating color notions into institutional oral history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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16. Lorna Dee Cervantes: A Writer in the Margins.

Author

Connelly, Colette

Abstract

Chicana literary authors are sometimes thought to occupy the edges of two "texts," their own culture and the Anglo-American hegemony, where they are oppressed and marginalized by sexism and racism. In these margins, however, Chicana authors can dismantle stereotypes and construct new and empowering images of self. As an example of this kind of recreation of self through the act of writing, the poems of Lorna Dee Cervantes can serve as powerful examples. Many archetypal female figures have shaped the stereotypes of Chicano literature, the most influential being the story of "La Malinche," who acquiesces to sexual violation. Cervantes' early poem, "You Cramp My Style, Baby," attacks and denounces such sexual exploitation. In a later poem, "Emplumada," Cervantes' attack on the misogynous representations of "La Malinche" culminates in a complete revision of the character. The treatment of various images in the poem shows how Cervantes discovers and invents new inscriptions for the future. Thus, the second poem rewrites the female-male relationship that governed the earlier poem while simultaneously revising the legend of "La Malinche." (Twenty-two references are attached.) (HB)

Published
1992

17. Five Approaches to Teaching Folklore in a College English Curriculum.

Author

Clements, William M.

Abstract

Folklore study, too often misunderstood and maligned in the academic world, is pursued by a relatively small number of scholars (fewer than 100 people in this country have a doctorate in folklore). However, at least 170 American colleges and universities offer popular folklore courses, 71 percent of which are part of the English department curriculum. These courses treat folklore study in several ways, as may be seen by examining a specific folklore sample from five different approaches: nostalgic, subliterary, descriptive, functional, and behavioral. Instructors wishing to disseminate applied knowledge can use the nostalgic approach, while those advocating pure knowledge may choose from the other four approaches. In any case, folklore can contribute to the understanding of literature and may also be perceived as vital expressive culture itself. (JM)

Published
1974

18. Indian Wisdom Stories.

Author

Blanche, Jerry D.

Abstract

Rather than simply recreating a real or imagined event or experience for entertainment purposes, the wisdom stories of the American Indians were sophisticated teaching devices that kept alive the history and traditions of the tribe at the same time that they instructed the young tribe members in the areas of history, geography, nature study, and ethics. Centuries old, these stories were passed by word of mouth from generation to generation and their telling was entrusted to persons who were highly respected within the tribe. Each story was constructed so as to stimulate inductive and deductive thinking by providing alternate viewpoints and by challenging the listener to formulate individual conclusions. Some of the concepts and principles that are found consistently in Indian wisdom literature include the following: an Indian is a human being capable of good and bad behavior, who lives according to the traditions of the fathers; the word "different" does not involve a value judgment; decision making is a human function and the only wrong decisions are choices never made; everything is alive and has a spirit, even rocks and trees; and power is the capacity to overcome human weakness without physical dominance, rather than the ability to rule others. (MAI)

Published
1975

19. The Devil's Marriage: Folk Horror and the Merveilleux Louisianais.

Author

Doherty, Ryan Atticus

Subjects
GOTHIC fiction (Literary genre), YELLOW fever, FAIRY tales, HORROR tales, INFLUENCE (Literary, artistic, etc.), HORROR, LEGENDS, SUPERNATURAL
Abstract

At the beginning of his Creole opus The Grandissimes, George Washington Cable refers to Louisiana as "A land hung in mourning, darkened by gigantic cypresses, submerged; a land of reptiles, silence, shadow, decay". This anti-pastoral view of Louisiana as an ecosystem of horrific nature and the very human melancholy it breeds is one that has persisted in popular American culture to the present day. However, the literature of Louisiana itself is marked by its creativity in blending elements of folktales, fairy tales, and local color. This paper proposes to examine the transhuman, or the transcendence of the natural by means of supernatural transformation, in folk horror tales of Louisiana. As the locus where the fairy tale meets the burgeoning Southern Gothic, these tales revolve around a reworking of what Vladimir Propp refers to as transfiguration, the physical and metaphysical alteration of the human into something beyond the human. The focus of this paper will be on three recurring figures in Louisiana folk horror: yellow fever, voodoo, and the Devil. Drawing upon works including Alcée Fortier's collection of Creole folktales Louisiana Folktales (1895), Dr. Alfred Mercier's "1878", and various newspaper tales of voodoo ceremonies from the ante- and post-bellum periods, this article brings together theorizations about the fairy tale from Vladimir Propp and Jack Zipes and historiological approaches to the Southern Gothic genre to demonstrate that Louisiana, in its multilingual literary traditions, serves as a nexus where both genres blend uncannily together to create tales that are both geographically specific and yet exist outside of the historical time of non-fantastic fiction. Each of these figures, yellow fever, voodoo, and the Devil, challenges the expectations of what limits the human. Thus, this paper seeks to examine what will be termed the "Louisiana gothic", a particular blend of fairy-tale timelessness, local color, and the transfiguration of the human. Ultimately, the Louisiana gothic, as expressed in French, English, and Creole, tends toward a view of society in decay, mobilizing these elements of horror and of fairy tales to comment on a society that, after the revolution in Saint-Domingue, the Louisiana Purchase, and the Civil War, was seen as falling into inevitable decline. This commentary on societal decay, expressed through elements of folk horror, sets apart Louisiana gothic as a distinct subgenre that challenges conventions about the structures and functions of the fairy tale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. A Choctaw Anthology.

Author

Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, Philadelphia. and Anderson, Jane

Abstract

The collection of six papers provides information on the history and culture of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians that has not been readily available before. The papers, written by college-bound Choctaw high school students, concern three legends of Nanih Waiya, the Mother Mound of Choctaws in Mississippi; the traditional Choctaw courtship and wedding ceremony; Apushmataha, Choctaw chief of the early nineteenth century; the negotiations for the 1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek; the equipment and rules for Choctaw stickball; and an overview of Choctaw self-determination. Each paper is illustrated with black and white photographs. (SB)

Published
1983

21. Navajo Wisdom and Traditions.

Author

Yazzie, Ethelou

Abstract

The oral literature of the Navajo people generally falls into two categories: the sacred stories and the folk tales, which often, but not always, point a moral. Sacred stories relate the Navajo's emergence history. These stories tell how the universe holds two kinds of people: the "Earth Surface People" (both living and dead) and the "Holy People" (powerful, mysterious beings that belong to the Sacred World). While the Holy People who travel on lightning, sunbeams, and rainbows are very powerful, they are not all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-good. They make mistakes and have human emotions. They can be invoked, supplicated, propitiated, and coerced to help the people of the tribe, or to cease doing damage. The Holy People also serve as ideals of behavior for the Navajo people to follow or emulate. Although the sacred stories differ from story teller to story teller and from time to time, the outstanding lesson remains the same. Basic lessons taught by these stories are: the universe is a very dangerous place; to survive you must maintain order in those areas of life that you can control; avoid quarreling, avoid excess, and stay in harmony with your community and with nature; be wary of non-relatives; when in a new and dangerous situation, do nothing; and if the situation is really dangerous, escape. (AUTHOR/NQ)

Published
1975

22. Folktales for Children: Literature or Lore?

Author

Crabbe, Katharyn F.

Abstract

In addition to the documentation, annotation, and provision of contextual information that the authentic translation of folklore materials demands, folk stories that are intended for children should reflect the basic mythic patterns of good literature in their translated structure. The aims in translating such stories for children are to recreate the original with a respect for its cultural context, provide background information that explains motivation and behavior, construct a dramatic context for the nonverbal communication on both sides of an issue, organize the tale so that it progresses naturally and with credibility and authority, and make the story vital without compromising its vision of how the world works. (MAI)

Published
1978

23. The Country School in Literature. Country School Legacy: Humanities on the Frontier.

Author

Mountain Plains Library Association, Silt, CO. Country School Legacy Project. and Grundy, Ernest

Abstract

A review of the country school in literature discusses Irving's "The Legend of Sleppy Hollow," Whittier's "Snowbound" and "In School Days," Eggleston's "The Hoosier School Master," and Stuart's "To Teach, To Love" and "The Thread That Runs So True." These literary works portray the country school teacher as being the brunt of larger or older boys' pranks, being poorly paid, and being housed with members of the local community. Neihardt's "All Is But A Beginning, Youth Remembered, 1881-1901" recounts the author's teaching experiences in Nebraska. Winther's "Take All Nebraska," Nielsen's "Life in An American Denmark," and Yost's "No Time on My Hands," describe the Americanization of immigrants. Other Nebraska literary works mentioned are: Aldrich's "A Lantern in My Hand"; Piper's"Barbed Wire and Other Wayfarers"; Sandoz'"Sand Hill Sundays"; Christy's "And Never Let Us Cry"; and Chrisman's "When You and I Were Young, Nebraska." A Poem, "Poet in Residence at a Country School," by Donovan Welch, concludes the review. (AH)

Published
1981

24. The Stoney Indian Language Project.

Author

Friesen, John W.

Abstract

Efforts by Canada Natives to put their languages into standard written formats and to use Native languages with their children are discussed in this review of the Stoney Indian Language Project. The Stoney community is centered at Morley, Alberta (Canada), and the population of the three bands--Bear's Paw, Chiniki, and Goodstoney--is nearly 2,700. The tribe is a member of the Assiniboine branch of the Siouan language family. In 1965, the Stoney Tribal Council entered into an agreement with the Summer Institute of Linguistics to develop a writing system for the Stoney language, and a standard alphabet was devised following the Roman orthography tradition. The first stage of the Stone Language Project resulted in the preparation of six books for both adults and children, as well as a videotape version of one of them for use with third graders. Each of the Stoney legends in the booklets was told by an Elder and the accompanying illustrations are by Stoney artists. These activities and additional work on legends are described. Contains 15 references. (LB)

Published
1989

25. A Choctaw Anthology III.

Author

Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, Philadelphia., Anderson, Jane, and Zachary, Nina C.

Abstract

Nine research papers, written by college-bound Choctaw high school students, discuss the history and culture of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians. In developing the papers students read current and historical texts, conducted interviews with tribal members and tribal employees, and developed survey questionnaires. Two reports discuss the lives of Choctaw chiefs Pushmataha, 1764-1824, and Greenwood LeFlore, 1800-1865. Other historical reports cover early village life, codes of behavior and punishments, marriage and courtship practices, and 19th century missionary efforts among the Choctaw. An overview of Choctaw language includes the results of a survey of 36 students concerning their knowledge of Choctaw language and their attitudes toward instruction in Choctaw. A report on legends and superstitions also contains results of a survey of 31 students who were fairly knowledgeable about old Choctaw legends and superstitions but had few personal supernatural experiences. The final article discusses recent Choctaw economic development and housing trends and includes interviews with four employees of the Choctaw Housing Authority and a Choctaw-owned construction firm. Each report includes footnotes, bibliography, and black and white photographs. (JHZ)

Published
1985

26. Indian Place Names in South Dakota.

Author

Gasque, Thomas J.

Abstract

A cursory examination of place names on a map of South Dakota does not reflect the important role that Indians have played in the state and their relation to the land framed by its borders. Only three towns with populations over 1,000 bear names that clearly come from Indian languages: Sioux Falls, Sisseton, and Yankton. The hostile relationship existing between white settlers and Indians in South Dakota from 1859-1890 when most of the names which have gained official status were assigned by whites may account, in part, for the lack of Indian names. However, a closer examination of the names of smaller towns reveals a fascinating variety of documentation and folklore tracing back to a rich heritage of Sioux Indian influence. Interesting details surround the towns of Huron, Iroquois, Seneca, Onida, Pukwana, Kodoka, Oacoma, Oglala, Wasta, and Wakonda. Place names that are translations of Indian words form a longer list, but it is difficult to ascertain which are actually translations and which are descriptive labels that would be natural in any language. Place names falling into this group include Black Hills, Badlands, Vermillion River, and Wounded Knee. (NEC)

Published
1986

27. The Making of a Myth: Rhetoric of Eye Witness Accounts of the Boston Massacre.

Author

Elmes, Jane M.

Abstract

The speed with which the Whigs and Tories recognized the mythical value of events of March 5, 1770, provides students of rhetoric with an example of how violent confrontation can be used for political purposes. Analysis of eye witness accounts of what history has named the Boston Massacre--including an original account of the event by the town of Boston and the transcript of the British soldiers' trial that was held from November 27 to December 5, 1770--shows a contrast between the motives of the alleged participants as portrayed in pretrial rhetorical discourse and the legal arguments for establishing cause at the trial. By studying additional rhetorical forms, including sermons, engravings, and strategies used to promote a particular interpretation of events for audiences in England, it is clear that when historical events are transformed by means of mythical orientations common to rhetoric, they become rhetorical myths. (DF)

Published
1986

28. The Mutilated Boy and the Press: A Rumor Study.

Author

Brown, Lee

Abstract

Responsible editors avoid printing falsehoods, but the public sometimes demands that rumors be covered in the press. One example of such rumors and the way editors deal with them is the "Mutilated Boy." The "Mutilated Boy" rumor has been circulating for decades and involves a brutal attack upon a small boy in a public rest room. The "crime" is almost always presented as racially motivated, making it even more sensational. A number of newspapers in areas where this rumor has surfaced printed editorials denouncing the story as false. Media critics tend to advocate simply ignoring such rumors, however, fearing that readers might notice only that an account of the story was published and not that it was being denounced. This presents a dilemma for newspaper editors, who are often accused of "covering up" if they ignore a rumor, but fear that acknowledging a rumor will only serve to fuel it. Experts seem unable to agree on the socially responsible course of action for editors faced with a persistent rumor, suggesting the need for further research. (A bibliography and 50 endnotes are included.) (AEW)

Published
1987

29. Cherokee Stories of the Supernatural.

Author

Scancarelli, Janine

Abstract

Stories of personal experience of supernatural events are a highly-valued form of verbal art for Cherokee speakers. Both the people who tell them and those who listen regard such stories as entertaining and instructional. These stories even reflect some of the tensions that exist between traditional Cherokee culture and modern American social life, and they provide linguists with valuable examples of "good" Cherokee language as it is used by speakers. Cherokee stories of the supernatural are distinguished from other Cherokee stories by their subject matter, style, and the circumstances surrounding their telling; good stories are told with a minimum of verbal response from the audience. Speakers dislike being interrupted, so they very skillfully exploit the resources of the language to avoid ambiguity and keep audience interest. Good stories of the supernatural provide examples of carefully-structured, rhetorically-sophisticated, and highly-regarded Cherokee speech, often with meanings related to contemporary life, morals, and values. Literary art in Cherokee is still being created today and reflects the modern life of the Cherokee using this more traditional means of cultural communication. (Contains 22 references.) (Author/NAV)

Published
1996

30. FINDING KING JANAMÉJAYA’S ECLIPSE.

Author

Kapoor, R. C.

Subjects
LUNAR eclipses, SOLAR eclipses, LAND grants, INSCRIPTIONS, COPPER plating, CHARITABLE giving, LEGENDS
Abstract

There are innumerable records on stone and metal found in India detailing grants of land and donations made by kings and chieftains to Brahman priests, many on the occasions of eclipses and on the cardinal days. In this paper we investigate one such grant, first written about by Henry Colebrooke in 1809. It is from Gauj, the modern Gowthamapura in Shivamogga district in Karnataka state. Spread over three copper plates, the inscription is in mixed Sanskrit and Kannada and records a charitable grant of several villages made to thirty-two thousand Brahmans on the occasion of a sarpa yagna (snake-sacrifice) and a solar eclipse by Janaméjaya, the Puranic monarch who reigned over Hastinapur at the commencement of Kaliyuga. The eclipse was in the lunar month of Chaitra, on a Sunday, in Asvini naksatra. The grant further specified the circumstances such as Vyatipata (pata – aspect), and that on the following day the naksatra was Bharani and the karana (the half-tithi) was Kimstughna. These specifications make it the rarest of the rare eclipses. However, there is no eclipse mentioned in Janaméjaya legends, so was the eclipse in the grant genuine or an invented one? There were attempts made in the 1860s to identify the eclipse and possibly date the grant, but the identifications are not valid. In this paper we examine all such eclipses that occurred between 601 and 1699 CE and were visible from India. There are six such eclipses, in 712, 739, 851, 1027, 1372 and 1548 CE. Of these, we find the eclipse of 1027 CE as historically the most suitable one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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31. The theme of the Old Woman and March in Greek folklore.

Author

Kaplanoglou, Marianthi and Katrinaki, Emmanouela

Subjects
LEGENDS, FOLKLORE, PROVERBS, SIXTEENTH century, RITUAL, WORLDVIEW, RITES & ceremonies
Abstract

Copyright of Studies in Oral Folk Literature / Estudis de Literatura Oral Popular is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
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32. Land Characterization System Software: Implementing Land Cover Ontology.

Author

Mosca, Nicola, Mushtaq, Fatima, Munene, Victor, Maleh, Peter, Mnyanda, Ndyebo, Jalal, Rashed, and Ghosh, Amit

Subjects
LAND cover, SYSTEMS software, ONTOLOGY, NATURAL resources management, REMOTE sensing, DATA harmonization, LEGENDS
Abstract

Land cover (LC) plays a crucial role in the monitoring and planning of the environment among various domains, such as climate change, the management of natural resources, and sustainable development. However, inconsistent LC legends hamper their usability, particularly as technologies, like remote sensing, rapidly improve data quality and quantity for extracting valuable information. Ontologies play a pivotal role in improving the standardization and harmonization of different LC taxonomies, enabling both a reduction in inconsistencies and a way to harness ever-increasing computing power to help scientists provide faster and better answers. However, using ontologies without suitable tools, especially when expressive power is matched with complexity, can prove a daunting task. This paper introduces the land characterization system (LCHS), an innovative tool built to support the ontology discussed in the ISO 19144-2 standard, known as Land Cover Meta Language (LCML). The LCHS can help streamline and speed up the creation and editing of LC legends using a data-driven design approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. "Lai thang": a product of the culmination of the Meitei religion, technology, and its environment.

Author

Singh, Naorem Arun, Bezbaruah, Dwipen, and Gourachandra, Mayanglambam

Subjects
IRON, RELIGIONS, ANCESTOR worship, FAITH, RELIGIOUS adherents, GODS, LEGENDS, MATERIAL culture
Abstract

Pakhangba consolidated seven clans during the establishment of the Ningthouja dynasty in 33 AD, resulting in the present Meitei. The deity Khamlangba is associated with the discovery of iron. The legend about his search for iron has meticulously been written down in the Puyas (a sacred text of Meitei written with archaic Meitei scripts using indigenous paper and ink). And the Meitei has been associated with iron smelting since time immemorial. The dating of iron-bearing slag indicates a date of around 400 AD. This paper discusses a special type of thang (dao, a long-bladed knife) called Lai thang. They are symbolic of ancient kings or deities or are used for ritualistic purposes. An Attempt has been made to understand the historical significance of these daos as well as the mode of acquisition and measurement. In the process, a variety of Lai thangs are documented and artifact-based interviews are conducted. The study concludes that the so-called Lai thangs are a product of deeply rooted people's faith and belief in Sanamahism, a traditional practice of worshipping ancestors and deities that adapted to its technology and surrounding environment. Therefore, material culture also reflects religious faith and belief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

35. Una aproximación a la ideología lingüística de Antoni M. Alcover.

Author

Perea, Maria Pilar

Subjects
MODERN languages, CATALAN language, STANDARD language, LANGUAGE & languages, CATALANS, ANTHROPOLOGICAL linguistics, LEGENDS
Abstract

Copyright of Estudios de Linguistica del Espanol is the property of University Library of Bern and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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36. The Baby on the Track: A Newspaper Legend with Roots in the 19th Century.

Author

Klintberg, Bengt Af

Subjects
LEGENDS, NINETEENTH century, TOILET training, NEWSPAPERS, ORAL tradition, INFANTS, RESTROOMS
Abstract

In a novel by a Chinese author, Yu Hua, the birth of the main character takes place in a train toilet. He falls down on the track and survives. During the last 30 years news stories with this content have been reported several times. The event is generally said to have taken place in China or India. From a folkloristic perspective the story can be defined as a newspaper legend. Like contemporary legends in oral tradition newspaper legends often are about accidents where babies are involved. As opposed to the orally transmitted legends they generally have a happy ending; they are published as a counterbalance to all the real accidents that daily papers have to report. The oldest version of "The Baby on the Track" was published in 1888 in a medical journal. The author, the famous physician William Osler, had a reputation for being a practical joker, and today it is difficult to judge if his story is based on a real case or if Osler invented it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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37. Two Theoretical Frameworks of Folklore Studies and Two Selected Tales from the Collection of the Assamese Folktales Entitled Burhi Aair Sadhu: A Discursive Analysis.

Author

Nath, Sikha Devi

Subjects
LEGENDS, TALE (Literary form), FOLK literature, HISTORICAL materialism, EGO (Psychology), SOCIAL conflict
Abstract

Within the broad spectrum of critical theories in Folklore studies, the critical tenets of Historical materialism and Psychoanalysis are of great significance. With the appropriation of Historical materialism propounded by Engels and Marx and the Freudian psychoanalytical perspectives, there emerged two novel trends in Folklore studies. Marxist folklorists argue that the folk- the creator of the folklore mostly constitutes the working class. Therefore, the body of folk literature is the symbolic representation of the class struggle itself. On the other hand, the adherents of Freudian Psychoanalysis explicate the folktales as the symbolic expression(s) of the id's repressed forbidden wishes and desires. The present paper intends to analyze two selected tales, namely Tejimola and Panesoi, from the collection of Assamese Folktales entitled Burhi Aair Sadhu, in the light of Historical materialism and Freudian psychoanalysis, respectively. The paper examines the theme and characters of two selected tales. Further, a close reading of both tales' symbols and metaphors would inform the conceptual underpinnings of Historical materialism and Freudian psychoanalysis. This study also analyzes the element of fantasy in the selected tales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. SOMUT OLMAYAN KÜLTÜREL MİRAS FARKINDALIĞININ BİLİNİRLİK VE DENEYİMLEME AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ.

Author

GÜNDÜZ ALPTÜRKER, Üyesi İmran, GÖK, Tolga, and ALPTÜRKER, Hakan

Subjects
*CULTURAL property, *MINIATURE art, *SPRING festivals, *PAPER arts, *CULTURAL transmission, *PROTECTION of cultural property, *LEGENDS
Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to determine the awareness level of the elements registered in the name of Turkey in the list created within the scope of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, in terms of "recognition" and "experience", and to present suggestions for the safeguarding, sustainability and transmission of cultural heritage to next generations based on the awareness level. In this respect, the online survey developed based on the literature was applied to the citizens of Republic of Turkey aged over 20 between January 24 - March 28, 2021. The survey questions only consist of the elements in the Representative List. A total of 1550 people from seven regions of Turkey responded to the survey. Descriptive statistics and Importance-Performance Analysis were used to analyze the data. As a priority, in the list created within the scope of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, the public awareness and experience levels of nineteen intangible cultural heritage elements registered in the name of Turkey have been determined and the awareness level of each intangible cultural heritage elements has been identified. As a result of the analysis of the data, the intangible cultural heritage elements are located in the Familiarity- Experience matrix. According to the findings obtained as a result of the positioning, 5 intangible cultural heritage elements with a high level of awareness were identified: "Turkish Coffee and Tradition", "Karagöz", "Nevruz", "Flatbread Making and Sharing Tradition: Lavash, Katırma, Jupka, Yufka" and "Spring Festival Hıdırellez". The "familiarity" and "experience" levels of these elements are high and it is important to carry out studies for their safeguarding and sustainability. It has been determined that five intangible cultural heritage elements with high "familiarity" levels and low "experience" levels have a partial awareness level. These elements are; "Kırkpınar Oil Wrestling Festival", "Marbling: Turkish Paper Decoration Art", "Dede Korkut-Korkut Ata Heritage: Culture, Legends and Music", "Mevlevi Sema Ceremonies" and "The Tradition of Minstrelsy". It is important to concentrate on these elements and make an effort to develop them. It has been determined that the remaining 9 intangible cultural heritage elements have very low levels of both "familiarity" and "experience". It is necessary to take serious measures to ensure that these elements are not forgotten and disappeared by the society. These elements with very low awareness in the society are as follows; "Mesir Macunu Festival", "Miniature Art", "Traditional Conversation Meetings (Yaren, Barana, Sira Nights etc.)", "Traditional Tile Art", "Traditional Turkish Archery", "Meddah Tradition", "Alevi-Bektashi Ritual Semah", "Traditional Ceremonial Keskek" and "Traditional Intelligence and Strategy Game: Togyzqumalaq, Toguz Korgool, Mangala/Göçürme". Based on these findings, in order to increase the awareness level of intangible cultural heritage elements and to keep them alive, it is thought that it is necessary to use the media effectively, to raise awareness of the society from childhood, and the state to encourage and support activities in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

39. HOW BLUE BLOOD BECAME RED.

Author

PERIĆ, ZDRAVKO and BUNTIĆ, MATE

Subjects
GENRE studies, LITERARY theory, POLITICAL development, CONTRACT theory, POLITICAL community, LEGENDS, ORAL tradition, RED
Abstract

Copyright of HUM: Journal of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Mostar is the property of University of Mostar, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2021
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40. Mythos to Myth to Mythopoeia: A Cyclical Process.

Author

JACOB, ASHNA MARY and MENON, NIRMALA

Subjects
MYTHOLOGY, LEGENDS, FOLKLORE, MANNERS & customs, RITES & ceremonies
Abstract

The paper predicates the prospects of mythopoeia in the mythical tradition. An authorial construction of mythopoeia, when internalized into the collective consciousness can evolve into mythos. This mythopoeia turned mythos in the course of time and space may regress into myth. The fragments of the myth may then result in the making of another mythopoeia. Mythopoeia to mythos to myth is a cyclical process in mythical tradition. The paper establishes this argument with J. R. R. Tolkien’s conception of mythopoeia. It explores similarities between mythopoeia and conlang. It contends that just as conlang can evolve as language, mythopoeia can also evolve into mythos. It further corroborates that if every mythos was mythopoeic in its conception, then every mythopoeia can advance into mythos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

41. Religious Heritage Complex and Authenticity: Past and Present Assemblages of One Cypriot Icon.

Author

Zaprzalska, Dorota

Subjects
LEGENDS, GROUP identity, PROCESSIONS, STATUS (Law), CYPRIOTS, OLD age, MONASTERIES
Abstract

Drawing on data from ethnographic fieldwork, this study focuses on an icon known as Panagia Amirou kept at the Amirou Monastery in Cyprus. Instead of analyzing its unusual form, consisting of two icons from different times inserted one into another, this paper uses the concept of "religious heritage complex" to understand the special status of the icon, the complexity of the assemblages it has joined over time, and the relationships between religion and heritage. The Panagia Amirou icon has become the symbol of the monastery and appears to be crucial for the creation of a shared identity by giving the community the feeling of a connection to the past and continuity of monastic tradition, for as they believe, the icon and the monastery are from the same time. Particular attention is paid to the process of authenticating the icon's special status. The legend recounts not only the icon's old age but also its miraculous appearance and the healing power inherent in it from the very beginning, so it authenticates, together with processions, not only the alleged connection of the icon with the beginning of the monastery but also the status of the icon as being miracle-working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Ethiopia--Problems of Religious and National Unity: The Legend of Solomon and Sheba [And] Will Ethiopia Survive? Mini-Module.

Author

African-American Inst., New York, NY. School Services Div.

Abstract

The survival of Ethiopia as a religious and national unit is investigated through inquiry. Intended as a learning experience for students of African history, the paper provides information on Ethiopia's past, its present status, and on the choice the nation faces between modernity and tradition. A calendar of religious and political events in Ethiopia and a summary of the legend of Solomon and Sheba are presented as background. Eight question-answer sequences involving the development of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, legends, military and political history, and religious conflicts are presented. An enrichment activity is described which asks students to make value judgments about recent developments in the Ethiopian Church. A bibliography is included. (Author/DB)

Published
1976

43. Art & Indian Children of the Dakotas: An Introduction to Art. Series Number 4.

Author

Bureau of Indian Affairs (Dept. of Interior), Aberdeen, SD. Aberdeen Area Office. and Amiotte, Arthur

Abstract

The fourth volume of a bicultural educational series designed and produced especially for use in Aberdeen area schools with predominantly western Sioux populations has educational import for children and teachers everywhere who have an interest in the art and culture of the western Sioux. The volume focuses on creativity and the changing and re-arranging of media into a work of art. It begins with the Lakota story of creation, illustrated with Lakota drawings. The next section contains photographs depicting the many uses of art on garments, eating utensils, blankets, pouches, tipis, and for personal adornment, pictures and drawings, and prayer aids. The next section describes and illustrates with photographs the different painting styles of Lakota men and women. The volume then describes with text and photographs the preparation of hides for painting and the natural materials used in painting. Next is a description of the type of drawing and painting done by the Lakotas after the advent of paper about 1870. The volume ends with a summary section on things to remember about art and its meaning for the Lakota people. (CM)

Published
1978

44. Literatura Oral Hispanica (Hispanic Oral Literature).

Author

Morningside Coll., Sioux City, IA. and McAlpine, Dave

Abstract

As part of a class in Hispanic Oral Literature, students collected pieces of folklore from various Hispanic residents in the region known as "Siouxland" in Iowa. Consisting of some of the folklore recorded from the residents, this paper includes 18 "cuentos y leyendas" (tales and legends), 48 "refranes" (proverbs), 17 "chistes" (jokes), 1 "trabalengua" (tongue twister), 6 "adivinanzas" (riddles), and 17 "canciones infantiles" (children's songs). Among the tales and legends are "La Llorona,""De Brujas,""La Virgen de Guadalupe,""Un Bulto,""Salio Con Su Domingo Siete," and "La Calavera." Various versions of some of the legends and tales are provided. The proverbs pertain to such subjects as being an understanding person, helping others, being in a hurry, acting wise, telling the truth, trying to do too much, and doing a good deed. The tongue twister is "Tres tristes tigres andaban tragando trigo en un trigal." The riddles pertain to such subjects as wine, avocado, switchblade, clouds, and a letter. The children's songs include "Un Elefante,""Tres Cochinitos," and "Un Juego." (NQA)

Published
1982

45. John Henry: Then and Now.

Author

Nikola-Lisa, W. and Nikola-Lisa, W.

Abstract

Compares three children's books retelling the legend of John Henry: "John Henry: An American Legend" by Ezra Jack Keats (1965), "John Henry" by Julius Lester (1994), and "The Legend of John Henry" by Terry Small (1994). Differences in imagery, language, symbolism, and themes are discussed. (MAK)

Published
1998

46. FASCINATION WITH THE MODERNIZATION OF JAPAN – REACTIONS OF THE WEST-EUROPEAN PART OF THE SILK ROAD TROUGH THE PRISM OF REVERSIBLE EXOTISME.

Author

Tasevska, Milica Golubović

Subjects
SILK Road, LEGENDS, JAPANESE art, INTERNATIONAL relations, PRISMS, MYTH
Abstract

Copyright of TEME: Casopis za Društvene Nauke is the property of TEME: Casopis za Drustvene Nauke and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2021
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47. Living History: Reflections on the Past.

Author

Reddish, Jennifer Gray and Reddish, Jennifer Gray

Abstract

Includes the following essays on American Indian history: "Imagining Indians in Selma," by Jennifer Gray Reddish; "A Journey Inwards and Backwards," by Lily Boyce; "The Chief's Journey into the Spiritland to Bring Back His Wife," a Winnebago myth retold by David Smith; and "Battle or Massacre?" by Harold Sorkness. (MAB)

Published
1995

48. Korean Potalaka: Legends about Naksan Temple Examined through Mountain and Sea Worship †.

Author

Vörös, Erika Erzsébet

Subjects
KOREAN language, WORSHIP, TEMPLES, LEGENDS, BUDDHIST philosophy, SHAMANISM, RITES & ceremonies, BUDDHISTS
Abstract

Several sites in East Asia have been identified as Potalaka, originally thought to be located near the southern seas of India. The basis of this phenomenon is built upon the nature of Avalokiteśvara as a mediator between sentient beings and buddhas, the nature of Potalaka as a boundary between their worlds, and Buddhist philosophy. The belief in the abode of Avalokiteśvara bodhisattva on Earth incorporates various places into a Buddhist world transcending borders. This paper examines Korean beliefs about Potalaka and Avalokiteśvara through legends about Naksan Temple, with special emphasis on their relationship with mountain and sea worship. At the same time, the study attempts to connect the beliefs with the philosophical background of Hwaŏm tradition, which is in close relation with this ritual site. The aim of this approach is to point out the unique and universal, as well as the local and translocal elements in Korean narratives about Potalaka. In other words, the paper searches for patterns that are to be found in the wider Buddhist world and characteristics that are created by the specific religious environment of Korean culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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50. Discover an underwater realm.

Subjects
IRISH people, GRANDPARENTS, FOLKLORE, MOTHERS, LEGENDS
Abstract

Siobhan McDermott, who grew up on Lantau Island in Hong Kong, has released her first book, Paper Dragons: The Fight for the Hidden Realm. Inspired by Chinese legends and Irish folklore from her parents' families, McDermott's book follows 12-year-old Zhi Ging as she embarks on an adventure to an underwater world and trains with immortals. McDermott's fascination with immortality, a theme present in both Chinese and Irish mythology, is reflected in her book. McDermott's love for Irish legends was sparked by reading Artemis Fowl by Eoin Colfer when she moved to Ireland, and she was excited to live in a country with such rich magic. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024