203,509 results
Search Results
102. Striving for a thorough understanding of the discipline: A commentary on the first four papers
- Author
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Noel Entwistle
- Subjects
Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
This commentary looks at the first four articles, those by Hazel Francis, David Hay, Max Scheja and Anna Bonnevier, and Lennart Svensson. Each of these four papers examines the processes by which students come to understand, or fail to understand, ideas within academic disciplines. It concentrates on those ideas introduced in the four papers that contribute most strongly to the main theme of this Special Issue in clarifying the nature of the learning processes through which students strive to reach a thorough understanding. Although the theoretical frameworks used in the analyses are quite different, the conclusions reached nevertheless seem to offer complementary views of how students come to understand. In this commentary, certain aspects from each of the articles are highlighted, leading to a more general discussion to consider how these papers extend the research on student understanding.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
103. A Brief Online and Offline (Paper-and-Pencil) Screening Tool for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The Final Phase in the Development and Validation of the Mental Health Screening Tool for Anxiety Disorders (MHS: A)
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Shin-Hyang Kim, Kiho Park, Seowon Yoon, Younyoung Choi, Seung-Hwan Lee, and Kee-Hong Choi
- Subjects
screening tests ,generalized anxiety disorder ,psychometrics ,item response theory ,diagnostic utility ,online assessment ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can cause significant socioeconomic burden and daily life dysfunction; hence, therapeutic intervention through early detection is important. This study was the final stage of a 3-year anxiety screening tool development project that evaluated the psychometric properties and diagnostic screening utility of the Mental Health Screening Tool for Anxiety Disorders (MHS: A), which measures GAD. A total of 527 Koreans completed online and offline (i.e., paper-and pencil) versions of the MHS: A, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). The participants had an average age of 38.6 years and included 340 (64.5%) females. Participants were also administered the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Internal consistency, convergent/criterion validity, item characteristics, and test information were assessed based on the item response theory (IRT), and a factor analysis and cut-off score analyses were conducted. The MHS: A had good internal consistency and good convergent validity with other anxiety scales. The two versions (online/offline) of the MHS: A were nearly identical (r = 0.908). It had a one-factor structure and showed better diagnostic accuracy (online/offline: sensitivity = 0.98/0.90, specificity = 0.80/0.83) for GAD detection than the GAD-7 and BAI. The IRT analysis indicated that the MHS: A was most informative as a screening tool for GAD. The MHS: A can serve as a clinically useful screening tool for GAD in Korea. Furthermore, it can be administered both online and offline and can be flexibly used as a brief mental health screener, especially with the current rise in telehealth.
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- 2021
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104. Music, Selves and Societies: Respondent Paper
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Craig Robertson
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Music ,M1-5000 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Researchers working within the field of music and society often comment that they wish to use their research for the betterment of society and individuals, wherever possible. In many cases, this process of betterment requires some sort of behavioral change—whether this is changing poor habits to promote healthy living and thinking or changing destructive behavior in order to lead more productive and connected lives. It can increasingly be seen in the world today that social behavior has a complex array of influences and motivations and rarely is empirical evidence one of them. No amount of thoroughly researched evidence or logically developed arguments influences this behavior. Brexit and the Trump administration are two examples of this phenomenon. What seems to influence this seemingly bizarre social behavior is a collective belief in a narrative. The narrative needs to speak to common emotions, senses of identities and memories, but it does not need to necessarily be supported by empirical evidence to be effective. There is a need to understand this power of narrative in the public discourse if we are to truly influence how public policy engages with music.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
105. Call for Papers: The Positive Psychology of Sustainable Enterprise
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Cooperrider, David and Fry, Ronald
- Published
- 2011
106. Adult colouring: the effect of app-based vs. pen-and-paper colouring on mindfulness and anxiety
- Author
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Michail Mantzios, Hafsah Hussain, Amirah Hussain, Helen Egan, and Paraic Scanlon
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anxiety ,mindfulness ,colouring/colouring books ,mandala ,colouring applications ,Medicine ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Published
- 2019
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107. From support for the autonomy: the paper of paraprofessional.
- Author
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Thaís Carolina Albach Carniel, Maria de Fátima Minetto, Nathalie Baril, and Isabel Louise De Souza Correia
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intensidade de apoio ,deficiência intelectual ,tutor ,autonomia ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The regular school and the special school, despite having diferents work proposals, have a common purpose, to educate and empower the autonomy and the adaptive capacity of the individuals. This study has a general objective to identify the perception of autonomy and support intensity for parents and teachers of children with intellectual disabilities. The research had a transversal approach with explanatory, descriptive and qualitative character. Five children were studied had ages between seven and ten years and a diagnosis of intellectual disability. Data collection was done with four teachers and four mothers related to the same child, so the research had the participation of 8 individuals. The results demonstrate perceptions of a greater intensity of support reported by those responsible for the children who are the target of the research when compared to the teachers, as well as the view they have about autonomy that is not in accordance with the literature (Silva, 2008) and the perception about the tutor’s duties are not in accordance with the Brazilian Inclusion Law. It is possible to understand the importance of teacher training for diversity so that they feel more secure in the face of the new paradigms of inclusive education. It seeks to understand the necessary supports for each child specifically, so that it is possible to draw strategies more effective than the paraprofessional
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- 2019
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108. White Paper: Recognizing Child Trafficking as a Critical Emerging Health Threat
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Dawn Lee Garzon Maaks, Stacia M. Hays, Mikki Meadows-Oliver, and Jessica L. Peck
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Health Personnel ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Vulnerability ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,Nursing ,030225 pediatrics ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Family ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,media_common ,Human rights ,business.industry ,Sex trafficking ,Public health ,Child Abuse, Sexual ,Health equity ,Human Trafficking ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Public Health ,business ,Psychology ,Criminal justice - Abstract
Human trafficking is a pandemic human rights violation with an emerging paradigm shift that reframes an issue traditionally seen through a criminal justice lens to that of a public health crisis, particularly for children. Children and adolescents who are trafficked or are at risk for trafficking should receive evidence-based, trauma-informed, and culturally responsive care from trained health care providers (HCPs). The purpose of this article was to engage and equip pediatric HCPs to respond effectively to human trafficking in the clinical setting, improving health outcomes for affected and at-risk children. Pediatric HCPs are ideally positioned to intervene and advocate for children with health disparities and vulnerability to trafficking in a broad spectrum of care settings and to optimize equitable health outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
109. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: A review of papers published since its inception
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Weiner, Michael W, Veitch, Dallas P, Aisen, Paul S, Beckett, Laurel A, Cairns, Nigel J, Green, Robert C, Harvey, Danielle, Jack, Clifford R, Jagust, William, Liu, Enchi, Morris, John C, Petersen, Ronald C, Saykin, Andrew J, Schmidt, Mark E, Shaw, Leslie, Shen, Li, Siuciak, Judith A, Soares, Holly, Toga, Arthur W, Trojanowski, John Q, and Initiative, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging
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Biological Psychology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Psychology ,Neurodegenerative ,Aging ,Brain Disorders ,Biomedical Imaging ,Prevention ,Dementia ,Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) ,Acquired Cognitive Impairment ,Clinical Research ,Alzheimer's Disease ,Neurosciences ,Detection ,screening and diagnosis ,4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies ,Neurological ,Alzheimer Disease ,Early Diagnosis ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Neuroimaging ,United States ,Clinical and Health Psychology ,Mental Health ,Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) ,Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) ,Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects ,Traumatic Head and Spine Injury ,Anxiety Disorders ,Injuries and accidents ,Good Health and Well Being ,Afghan Campaign 2001- ,Biomarkers ,Blast Injuries ,Brain Damage ,Chronic ,Brain Injuries ,Databases ,Factual ,Government Programs ,Iraq War ,2003-2011 ,Military Medicine ,Military Personnel ,National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (U.S.) ,Risk Factors ,Stress Disorders ,Post-Traumatic ,United States Department of Defense ,United States Department of Veterans Affairs ,Veterans Health ,Alzheimer's disease ,Risk factors ,Military medicine ,Traumatic brain injury ,Posttraumatie stress disorder ,Tau ,Beta-amyloid ,Apolipoprotein E e4 ,Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative ,Vietnam ,Veterans ,Chronic traumatic encephalopathy ,Blast injury ,Clinical Sciences ,Geriatrics ,Clinical sciences ,Biological psychology - Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are signature injuries of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and have been linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. A meeting hosted by the Alzheimer's Association and the Veterans' Health Research Institute (NCIRE) in May 2012 brought together experts from the U.S. military and academic medical centers around the world to discuss current evidence and hypotheses regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms linking TBI, PTSD, and AD. Studies underway in civilian and military populations were highlighted, along with new research initiatives such as a study to extend the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) to a population of veterans exposed to TBI and PTSD. Greater collaboration and data sharing among diverse research groups is needed to advance an understanding and appropriate interventions in this continuum of military injuries and neurodegenerative disease in the aging veteran.
- Published
- 2013
110. Impact of electronic versus paper-based recording before EHR implementation on healthcare professionals' perceptions of EHR use, data quality, data reuse
- Author
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Ameen Abu-Hanna, Martine C. de Bruijne, Erik Joukes, Ronald Cornet, Nicolette F. de Keizer, Public and occupational health, APH - Methodology, APH - Quality of Care, APH - Digital Health, Medical Informatics, APH - Aging & Later Life, and APH - Global Health
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Paper ,020205 medical informatics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Health Personnel ,MEDLINE ,Health Informatics ,02 engineering and technology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Health Information Management ,Electronic health record ,Perception ,Health care ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic Health Records ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,media_common ,Medical education ,business.industry ,Attitude to Computers ,Data reuse ,Paper based ,Middle Aged ,University hospital ,Computer Science Applications ,Data Accuracy ,Data quality ,Regression Analysis ,Female ,business ,Psychology - Abstract
Background The implementation of an electronic health record (EHR) with structured and standardized recording of patient data can improve data quality and reusability. Whether and how users perceive these advantages may depend on the preimplementation situation. Objective To determine whether the influence of implementing a structured and standardized EHR on perceived EHR use, data quality, and data reuse differed for users working with paper-based records versus a legacy EHR before implementation. Methods We used an electronic questionnaire to measure users' perception before implementation (2014), expected change, and perceived change after implementation (2016) on three themes. We included all health care professionals in two university hospitals in the Netherlands. Before jointly implementing the same structured and standardized EHR, one hospital used paper-based records and the other a legacy EHR. We compared perceptions before and after implementation for both centers. Additionally, we compared expected benefit with perceived benefit. Results We received 7,611 responses (4,537 before and 3,074 after implementation) of which 5,707 (75%) were from professionals reading and recording patient data. A total of 975 (13%) professionals responded to both before and after implementation questionnaires. In the formerly paper-based center staff perceived improvement in all themes after implementation. The legacy EHR center experienced deterioration of perceived EHR use and data reuse, and only one improvement in EHR use. In both centers, for half of the aspects at least 45% of responders experienced results worse than expected preimplementation. Conclusion Our results indicate that the preimplementation recording practice impacts the perceived effect of the implementation of a structured and standardized EHR. For almost half of the respondents the new EHR did not meet their expectations. Especially legacy EHR centers need to investigate the expectations as these might be different and less clear cut than those in paper-based centers. These expectations need to be addressed appropriately to achieve a successful implementation.
- Published
- 2019
111. Do Psychology Department Mission Statements Reflect the American Psychological Association Undergraduate Learning Goals?
- Author
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Warchal, Judith R., Ruiz, Ana I., and You, Di
- Abstract
This study focuses on the inclusion of the American Psychological Association's learning goals in the mission statements of undergraduate psychology programs across the US. We reviewed the mission statements available on websites for 1336 psychology programs listed in the Carnegie classification. Results of a content analysis revealed that of the 205 (15.34%) psychology departments with mission statements available online, 11% addressed all five American Psychological Association learning goals, 95% addressed at least one of the five learning goals, and almost 5% (4.87%) did not address any learning goals.
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- 2017
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112. 21st Scientific GTA Convention - Call for papers
- Subjects
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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113. Developing A Cutout Paper Doll Game Model To Improve the Talking Skills Of 5-6 Years Old Children
- Author
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Esty Susilowati
- Subjects
Group trial ,speaking skills ,Mathematics education ,Early childhood ,paper doll unloading game ,Psychology ,children aged 5-6 years ,lcsh:L ,Test (assessment) ,lcsh:Education - Abstract
This study aims to: (1) produce a cutout paper doll game model to improve the speaking skills of children aged 5-6 years at Dharma Siwi Kindergarten and Bhakti Siwi Kindergarten which qualify for early childhood play models; (2) to determine the effectiveness of the cutout paper doll game model used to improve the speaking skills of children aged 5-6 years in Dharma Siwi and Bhakti Siwi Kindergarten.This study uses a Research & Development approach. This research procedure uses ADDIE development steps including: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluations. The subject of the group trial involved 19 children aged 5-6 years and 1 teacher. The subject of the field trials involved 53 children and 4 teachers. The data analysis technique used the Wilcoxon test with the help of SPSS 19.The results of this study are (1) the cutout paper doll game model to improve speaking skills of children aged 5-6 years meets the eligibility criteria based on the responses of material experts, media experts and teachers' responses put it in the Good category; (2) the cutout paper doll game model based on the effectiveness test is proven effective at improving children's speaking skills. This can be seen from the calculation results of Aasymp.Sig. (2-tailed) that is 0.000 less than
- Published
- 2020
114. Norms and Validation of the Online and Paper-and-Pencil Versions of the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) For Polish Adolescents and Adults
- Author
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Krzysztof Cipora, Klaus Willmes, Adrianna Szwarc, and Hans-Christoph Nuerk
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math anxiety ,Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale ,online survey ,validation ,norms ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
The Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) is one of the most popular instruments measuring math anxiety (MA). It has been validated across several linguistic and cultural contexts. In this study, we investigated the extent of administration method invariance of the AMAS by comparing results (average scores, reliabilities, factorial structure) obtained online with those from paper-and-pencil. We administered the online version of the AMAS to Polish students. Results indicate that psychometric properties of the AMAS do not differ between online and paper-and-pencil administration. Additionally, average scores of the AMAS did not differ considerably between administration forms, contrary to previous results showing that computerized measurement of MA leads to higher scores. Therefore, our results provide evidence for the usefulness of the AMAS as a reliable and valid MA measurement tool for online research and online screening purposes across cultures and also large similarity between administration forms outside an American-English linguistic and cultural context. Finally, we provide percentile and standard norms for the AMAS for adolescents and adults (in the latter case for both online and paper-and-pencil administration) as well as critical differences for the comparison of both subscales in an individual participant for practical diagnostic purposes.
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- 2018
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115. Comparison of electric hand dryers and paper towels for hand hygiene: a critical review of the literature
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Kelly A. Reynolds, Jonathan D. Sexton, A. Norman, and D.J. McClelland
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Paper ,Infection risk ,media_common.quotation_subject ,electric dryer ,Review Article ,Multiple methods ,air dryer ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Scientific evidence ,paper towel ,03 medical and health sciences ,Human health ,Electricity ,Microbial risk ,Hygiene ,hand hygiene ,Humans ,Relevance (law) ,Statistical analysis ,Review Articles ,030304 developmental biology ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,Actuarial science ,030306 microbiology ,General Medicine ,Hand ,hand dryer ,Psychology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Summary Numerous studies are published on the benefits of electric hand dryers vs paper towels (PT) for drying hands after washing. Data are conflicting and lacking key variables needed to assess infection risks. We provide a rapid scoping review on hand‐drying methods relative to hygiene and health risks. Controlled vocabulary terms and keywords were used to search PubMed (1946–2018) and Embase (1947–2018). Multiple researchers independently screened abstracts for relevance using predetermined criteria and created a quality assessment scoring system for relative study comparisons. Of 293 papers, 23 were included in the final analysis. Five studies did not compare multiple methods; however, 2 generally favoured electric dryers (ED); 7 preferred PT; and 9 had mixed or statistically insignificant results (among these, 3 contained scenarios favourable to ED, 4 had results supporting PT, and the remaining studies had broadly conflicting results). Results were mixed among and within studies and many lacked consistent design or statistical analysis. The breadth of data does not favour one method as being more hygienic. However, some authors extended generalizable recommendations without sufficient scientific evidence. The use of tools in quantitative microbial risk assessment is suggested to evaluate health exposure potentials and risks relative to hand‐drying methods. We found no data to support any human health claims associated with hand‐drying methods. Inconclusive and conflicting results represent data gaps preventing the advancement of hand‐drying policy or practice recommendations.
- Published
- 2020
116. Investigating the Role of Formative Mobile Based Assessment in Vocabulary Learning of Pre-Intermediate EFL Learners in Comparison with Paper Based Assessment
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Mostafa Goodarzi, Nahid Yarahmadzehi, and Anadolu Üniversitesi
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Vocabulary ,Paper Based Aassessment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,formative assessment ,050801 communication & media studies ,pre-intermediate efl learners ,paper based assessment ,Education ,Formative assessment ,mobile based assessment ,Social ,0508 media and communications ,English second language ,Mathematics education ,Language proficiency ,Sosyal ,media_common ,vocabulary ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,05 social sciences ,Formative assessment,mobile based assessment,paper based assessment,attitude,vocabulary,pre-intermediate EFL learners ,050301 education ,Paper based ,Vocabulary learning ,Vocabulary development ,attitude ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Mobile device - Abstract
Throughout this study technology and especially mobile phones was utilized in EFL classrooms in order to see whether it can influence the process of vocabulary formative assessment and consequently improve vocabulary learning of Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners or not. Two groups of pre-intermediate EFL learners participated in this study. Regarding the first group (FMA) the vocabulary learning of learners was assessed formatively during ten sessions using Socrative mobile application. The vocabulary learning of the second group (FPA) was also assessed formatively but paper and pen were the instruments used by instructor and students to take the tests. After applying quasi-experimental research design including pretest, treatment and posttest and after running independent sample t tests to posttest scores, the results showed that those pre-intermediate EFL learners attending in the group where vocabulary gain was assessed formatively using mobile application named Socrative performed significantly better in posttest than group assessed formatively based on paper and pen (Sig=0.03
- Published
- 2020
117. Reliability and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of a Paper- Versus App-Administered Resilience Scale in Scottish Youths: Comparative Study
- Author
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Daniel P. A. Clark, Thomas Gallagher-Mitchell, Julienne Mcgeough, and Neil Harrison
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psychometrics ,Original Paper ,Adolescent ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,Reproducibility of Results ,Health Informatics ,cyberpsychology ,Mobile Applications ,Confirmatory factor analysis ,app administration ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Resilience scale ,Preprint ,Psychology ,Child ,Factor Analysis, Statistical ,resilience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Reliability (statistics) ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Background Adequately measuring resilience is important to support young people and children who may need to access resources through social work or educational settings. A widely accepted measure of youth resilience has been developed previously and has been shown to be suitable for vulnerable youth. While the measure is completed by the young person on paper, it has been designed to be worked through with a teacher or social worker in case further clarification is required. However, this method is time consuming and, when faced with large groups of pupils who need assessment, can be overwhelming for schools and practitioners. This study assesses app software with a built-in avatar that can guide young persons through the assessment and its interpretation. Objective Our primary objective is to compare the reliability and psychometric properties of a mobile software app to a paper version of the Child and Youth Resilience measure (CYRM-28). Second, this study assesses the use of the CYRM-28 in a Scottish youth population (aged 11-18 years). Methods Following focus groups and discussion with teachers, social workers, and young people, an avatar was developed by a software company and integrated into an android smartphone app designed to ask questions via the device’s inbuilt text-to-voice engine. In total, 714 students from 2 schools in North East Scotland completed either a paper version or app version of the CYRM-28. A cross-sectional design was used, and students completed their allocated version twice, with a 2-week period in between each testing. All participants could request clarification either from a guidance teacher (paper version) or from the in-built software glossary (app version). Results Test and retest correlations showed that the app version performed better than the paper version of the questionnaire (paper version: r303=0.81; P Conclusions ALEX, an avatar with an integrated voice guide, had higher reliability when measuring resilience than a paper version with teacher assistance. The CFA reports similar structure using the avatar when compared against the original validation.
- Published
- 2021
118. Survey on patients’ organisations’ knowledge and position paper on screening for inherited neuromuscular diseases in Europe
- Author
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F. Lamy, A. Ferlini, ERN EURO-NMD Patient Advisory Board, Teresinha Evangelista, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon), Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5, and Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE)
- Subjects
Newborn screening ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genetic counseling ,Patient organisations ,lcsh:Medicine ,Genetic Counseling ,Disease ,[SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,Pre-implantation diagnosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pre-conception carrier screening ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Asset (economics) ,Genetic Testing ,Genetics (clinical) ,Reimbursement ,Genetic testing ,0303 health sciences ,[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Research ,030305 genetics & heredity ,lcsh:R ,Infant, Newborn ,Prenatal screening ,General Medicine ,3. Good health ,Europe ,Neuromuscular diseases ,Family medicine ,Position paper ,Female ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Background The development of new genetic testing methods and the approval of the first treatments raises questions regarding when and how to perform screening for inherited neuromuscular conditions. Screening directives and access to the different techniques is not uniform across Europe. The patient advisory board of the European reference network for rare neuromuscular diseases (NMD) conducted a qualitative study to understand the state of play of screening for inherited NMD in Europe and patients’ needs. Results We collected answers from 30 patient organisations (POs) from 18 European countries. Fifteen acknowledge the existence of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis in their country. Regarding prenatal screening, we had 25 positive answers and 5 negative ones. Twenty-four POs mentioned that newborn screening was available in their country. We had some contradictory answers from POs from the same country and in some cases; diseases said to be part of the screening programmes were not hereditary disorders. Twenty-eight organisations were in favour of screening tests. The reasons for the two negative answers were lack of reimbursement and treatment, religious beliefs and eventual insurance constrains. Most POs (21) were in favour of systematic screening with the option to opt-out. Regarding the timing for screening, “at birth”, was the most consensual response. The main priority to perform screening for NMDs was early access to treatment, followed by shorter time to diagnostic, preventive care and genetic counselling. Conclusions This is the first study to assess knowledge and needs of POs concerning screening for NMDs. The knowledge of POs regarding screening techniques is quite uneven. This implies that, even in communities highly motivated and knowledgeable of the conditions they advocate for, there is a need for better information. Differences in the responses to the questions “how and when to screen” shows that the screening path depends on the disease and the presence of a disease modifying treatment. The unmet need for screening inherited NMDs should follow an adaptive pathway related to the fast moving medical landscape of NMDs. International coordination leading to a common policy would certainly be a precious asset tending to harmonize the situation amongst European countries.
- Published
- 2021
119. Deconstructing applied linguistics conference paper titles: A syntactic analysis
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Joseph Benjamin Archibald Afful and Christopher Ankomah
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applied linguistics,compound unit title,conference papers ,syntactic configuration ,title style ,050101 languages & linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Phrase structure rules ,Applied linguistics ,Syntax ,Punctuation ,Language and Linguistics ,Noun phrase ,Linguistics ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Social ,0302 clinical medicine ,030202 anesthesiology ,Noun ,Academic writing ,Rhetorical question ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,Sosyal ,media_common - Abstract
Following Swales’ (1990) influential study on research article (RA) introductions, some attention has increasingly been paid to other rhetorical units of both expert and learners’ writing, including titles. A key and effective discursive means through which titles are constructed and presented is the syntactic configuration. The present study, thus, investigates the syntactic structures employed by authors of conference paper titles (CPTs) in Applied Linguistics. A qualitative content analysis was employed to study a corpus of 592 CPTs from a popular conference for researchers, scholars, and practitioners of Applied Linguistics worldwide, supported by some descriptive statistics. The analysis of data study identified three main title styles: Single Unit Title, Compound Unit Title, and Complex Unit Title. The analysis showed that, out of these three title styles, Compound Unit Titles were preferred by researchers. Further, the colon was the dominantly used punctuation mark in separating the components of Compound Unit titles. The final point was that authors preferred prepositional phrases in the post modification of the noun phrase structure of CPTs. The findings of this study have implications for the scholarship on titlelogy, academic writing pedagogy as well as further research.
- Published
- 2020
120. Exploring the vividness of mental imagery and eidetic imagery in people with intellectual disability (ID) in comparison with typically developing (TD) individualsWhat this paper adds
- Author
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Akhtar Ali Syed, Shazia Neelofur, Aidan Moran, and Gary O'Reilly
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Psychology ,Clinical psychology ,Intellectual disability ,Vividness ,Mental imagery ,Eidetic imagery ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Background: Mental imagery (MI) has been described as the “ability to simulate in the mind information that is not currently being perceived by the sense organs” (Moran, 2012, p. 166). The vividness of mental imagery has been defined as the clarity, brightness, or intensity of an image as reported by the individual (Marks, 1973). There are many studies conducted on vividness in typically developing (TD) individuals, however, no attempt has been made either to assess the vividness of mental imagery in people with intellectual disability (ID) or compare it with that of typically developing (TD) adults. Metods: A vividness of imagery test (comprising a modified version of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire 2, (VVIQ-2; Marks, 1995), and two items of the Age Projection Test, (APT; Ahsen, 1988) were administered to participants with mild, moderate, and severe ID. Their performance on the vividness scale was compared with typically developing individuals. Measures for cognitive and adaptive functioning were administered to ascertain the ID level of participants. Results: The results of this study reveal a non-significant group difference between people with mild ID, moderate ID, and TD on the vividness of mental imagery and eidetic imagery. People with severe ID performed significantly lower than the other three groups. Conclusion: Despite their cognitive impairment, a non-significant difference between the performance of people with mild and moderate ID and typically developing individuals on imagery vividness scale is noteworthy.
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- 2020
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- View/download PDF
121. Duration judgments in children and adolescents with and without mild intellectual disabilityWhat this paper adds?
- Author
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Anne-Claire Rattat and Isabelle Collié
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Psychology ,Timing ,Time estimation ,Familiar duration ,Mild intellectual disability ,Development ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Background: While the ability to measure time correctly is crucial for adaptation to the external physical and social environment, to date, research on timing ability and its development in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) is unfortunately remarkably scarce. Aims: In the present study, we investigated the ability of individuals with mild ID to estimate durations and the development of this ability from 11 to 19 years, in comparison to typically developing (TD) individuals. Methods and procedures: Participants with mild ID and TD participants matched on chronological age completed two temporal tasks: (1) a temporal bisection of auditory stimuli, in which they had to decide whether arbitrary stimulus duration was more similar to the short (200 ms) or the long (800 ms) standard previously learned, and (2) a temporal categorization of familiar actions, in which short, medium or long target durations had to be paired with one of three comparison action durations. Outcomes and results: Temporal performance was systematically impaired in participants with mild ID. Moreover, the temporal impairment increased with age in the bisection task but not in the categorization task. Conclusions and implications: These findings suggest that the ability to estimate durations develops at a slower pace in individuals with mild ID compared to TD individuals.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
122. Investigating the potential clinical utility of therapeutic techniques based on eidetic imagery as adapted by the Eidetic Model of Growth (EMG) for people with intellectual disability (ID)What this paper adds
- Author
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Akhtar Ali Syed, Shazia Neelofur, Aidan Moran, and Gary O'Reilly
- Subjects
Psychology ,Clinical psychology ,Eidetic imagery ,Eidetic model of growth ,Psychotherapy ,Intellectual disability ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Eidetic model of growth (EMG) is a form of psychotherapy developed for people with intellectual disabilities (ID). EMG is based on the theoretical tenets of eidetic psychotherapy of Akhter Ahsen, which uses eidetic imagery as its major therapeutic tool. The literature review did not find any empirical study on eidetic imagery-based psychotherapy for people with ID except reviews and case histories. This study investigates the clinical utility of therapeutic techniques based on eidetic imagery as developed by Ahsen and Syed.In this study thirty participants with mild and moderate ID were recruited. Participants were recruited from the services for people with ID. These services were contacted to recruit participants who had experiential (i.e., abuse, trauma etc.), emotional (i.e., bereavement, attachment problems), psychiatric (i.e., anxiety, depression) and behavioural (i.e., anger, aggression) problems and to seek consent from the potential participants. The Anxiety Depression and Mood Scale (ADAMS) was administered to the participants before the therapy started, after every 5th session and once the therapy was terminated. The statistical analysis of the pre-therapy and post-therapy scores of participants on the ADAMS was carried out to measure the therapeutic outcome.Paired-sample t-test revealed a significant difference between the pre-therapy and post-therapy scores of participants on ADAMS, with a large effect size (d = 1.54). The result indicates existence of eidetic imagery in people with ID and its promising therapeutic utility.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
123. Job Demands, Job Decision Latitude, Job Support, and Social Network Factors as Predictors of Mortality in a Swedish Pulp and Paper Company
- Author
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Åstrand, N.-E., Hanson, B. S., and Isacsson, S.-O.
- Published
- 1989
124. Paper models of architectural surfaces: images for implicit and explicit geometries
- Author
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Cumino, Caterina, Pavignano, Martino, and Zich, Ursula
- Subjects
N1-9211 ,geometry ,architecture ,Geometry, Paper models, Architecture, Mathematics, Interdisciplinary knowledge sharing ,mathematics ,interdisciplinary knowledge sharing ,Psychology ,paper models ,Visual arts ,BF1-990 - Abstract
This contribution focuses on paper models of architectural surfaces, in particular on some roofing systems describable by developable ones. Drawing on an interdisciplinary approach, between Architecture and Mathematics, potentialities and criticalities of these models in explicitly conveying Geometry are investigated, in relation to educational and communicative tasks, both when they are used in a direct, tangible way, and when the use is mediated by images generated by them (thus indirect); we discuss on the possibility for models and images to communicate their explicit and implicit Geometries. The main issue discussed is that a material or analytical description unequivocally allows to grasp all the peculiarities of geometrical shapes, while other representations are subject to critical selection of data and are therefore affected by subjective interpretations; similarly, the translation of the physical model into images is the result of choices which emphasize certain object peculiarities over others and is thus less objective. Hence the importance of the physical model (as well as its digital counterparts) which, even if not used directly, can be complementary to a content that, alone, would be partial and/or misleading., img journal, No 2 (2020): Graphics
- Published
- 2020
125. Turkish Teachers’ Assessment Situations: A Study on Exam Papers
- Author
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Ahmet Karabulut, Muhammed Tunagür, and Ahmet Akçay
- Subjects
Grammar ,Turkish ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Thinking skills ,language.human_language ,Spelling ,Comprehension ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,assessment, exam papers, turkish language, turkish teachers ,Taxonomy (general) ,Reading (process) ,language ,Mathematics education ,Active listening ,Psychology ,lcsh:L ,media_common ,lcsh:Education - Abstract
This study aims to examine Turkish exam papers of the students, who study in the secondary school of 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th classes. The exam papers have been examined from various aspects, including the number and type of questions, the language expression and distribution of the questions, the cognitive level (according to the Bloom’s taxonomy), the type of texts used, and the visuals use. The samples of the study were selected using convenience sampling method from 17 secondary schools located in the center of Ağrı Province in Turkey and the exam papers prepared by 36 Turkish teachers who worked at these schools. The tests which were examined included 2633 questions in 161 exam papers. We also developed “the Exam Paper Examination Form” for collecting more data which we analyzed and interpreted by using the document analysis model. According to the results obtained, it has been found that the teachers mostly prefer to use the multiple-choice question type in the Turkish exam papers; the questions are mostly related to grammar and reading; the teachers do not prefer to ask questions on speaking and listening; and except for spelling errors no deficiency is detected in the language of the exam papers. In addition, according to Bloom’s taxonomy, the questions are mostly at the comprehension level whereas questions related to the analyzing, evaluating and creating levels that require high level thinking skills are rarely used. Based on the results, suggestions have been presented for Turkish teachers to prepare exams.
- Published
- 2020
126. Hard or Soft Sell? Understanding White Papers as Content Marketing
- Author
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Sean M. Campbell, Kim Sydow Campbell, and Jefrey S. Naidoo
- Subjects
TheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUS ,Value (ethics) ,Persuasion ,White (horse) ,Content marketing ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Advertising ,02 engineering and technology ,White paper ,020204 information systems ,Technical communication ,Industrial relations ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Descriptive research ,Psychology ,business ,Research question ,media_common - Abstract
Background: Although some have noted that combining technical and marketing content is precarious, technical communication professionals are increasingly involved in content marketing, which includes the creation of white papers. Literature review: The little existing literature on white papers provides conflicting guidance about managing the combination of technical and marketing content. Both soft-sell and hard-sell marketing approaches have been recommended. One source of such inconsistent guidance may be the lack of agreement about definitions. Research on print advertisements has described hard and soft selling as multidimensional rather than binary aspects of persuasive appeals. Research question: Which dimensions of hard- and soft-sell appeals are predominant in white papers? Research methodology: To complete our descriptive study, we collected a corpus of documents labeled as white papers in TechRepublic, and then selected and trained three raters to complete a series of judgments about dimensions of persuasive appeals in the corpus. We aggregated those ratings, calculating the mean and standard deviation for the dimensions to describe their distribution across the corpus. Results/discussion: Overall, hard-sell dimensions were more prevalent than soft-sell dimensions. However, the soft-sell category of “implicitness” was also dominant. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the value of treating hard and soft selling as multidimensional, complementary, and combinatory marketing appeals that allow, for example, a single white paper to be both “subjective” (soft sell), and “precise” (hard sell), or both “creative” (soft sell) and “informative” (hard sell).
- Published
- 2020
127. An EAPC white paper on multi-disciplinary education for spiritual care in palliative care
- Author
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Carlo Leget, Andrew Goodhead, Piret Paal, Megan Best, Care Ethics, A meaningful life in a just and caring society, and University of Humanistic Studies
- Subjects
Palliative care ,Holistic caregiving ,Health Personnel ,Best practice ,lcsh:Special situations and conditions ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,Nursing ,030502 gerontology ,Health care ,Humans ,Spirituality ,Curriculum ,Reference group ,Spiritual needs ,Existential needs ,Spiritual assessment ,business.industry ,lcsh:RC952-1245 ,Core competency ,General Medicine ,Spiritual care ,Health care professionals ,Religious needs ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Psychology ,Research Article - Abstract
BackgroundThe EAPC White Paper addresses the issue of spiritual care education for all palliative care professionals. It is to guide health care professionals involved in teaching or training of palliative care and spiritual care; stakeholders, leaders and decision makers responsible for training and education; as well as national and local curricula development groups.MethodsEarly in 2018, preliminary draft paper was written by members of the European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC) spiritual care reference group inviting comment on the four core elements of spiritual care education as outlined by Gamondi et al. (2013) in their paper on palliative care core competencies. The preliminary draft paper was circulated to experts from the EAPC spiritual care reference group for feedback. At the second stage feedback was incorporated into a second draft paper and experts and representatives of national palliative care organizations were invited to provide feedback and suggest revisions. The final version incorporated the subsequent criticism and as a result, the Gamondi framework was explored and critically revised leading to updated suggestions for spiritual care education in palliative care.ResultsThe EAPC white paper points out the importance of spiritual care as an integral part of palliative care and suggests incorporating it accordingly into educational activities and training models in palliative care. The revised spiritual care education competencies for all palliative care providers are accompanied by the best practice models and research evidence, at the same time being sensitive towards different development stages of the palliative care services across the European region.ConclusionsBetter education can help the healthcare practitioner to avoid being distracted by their own fears, prejudices, and restraints and attend to the patient and his/her family. This EAPC white paper encourages and facilitates high quality, multi-disciplinary, academically and financially accessible spiritual care education to all palliative care staff.
- Published
- 2020
128. How to Make Psychology a Genuine Science of Behavior: Comment on Dolinski’s Thoughtful Paper
- Author
-
Klaus Fiedler
- Subjects
Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Social Sciences - Abstract
In this comment to Doliński’s (2018, this issue) challenging paper, I express my agreement with his basic ideas and with his concerns about the alienation of social psychology. However, I also present some critical thoughts that amount to a slightly different diagnosis of the present situation. Rather than concluding that our discipline has ceased to study real behaviors, I provide positive counter-examples of substantial behavioral science and argue that the major problem is not to distinguish between measures of “real” and “non-real” behaviors. The problem core, rather, lies in the widespread tendency to mistake statistical and technical indices (latencies, model parameters, fMRI indices, etc.) for measures of meaningful behavior. When technical means become ends in themselves, Doliński’s metaphor applies that “the tail wags the dog”.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
129. Comparison of test performance on paper-based testing (PBT) and computer-based testing (CBT) by English-majored undergraduate students in China
- Author
-
Noriko Iwashita and Wenjing Yu
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Paper-based testing ,Test takers’ attitude ,Language and Literature ,Applied psychology ,Computer based ,English proficiency ,Paper based ,Impact test ,Language and Linguistics ,Test (assessment) ,Score equivalence ,Test performance ,Language education ,Computer familiarity ,Thematic analysis ,Psychology ,Computer-based testing - Abstract
Computer-based testing (CBT), which refers to delivering assessments with computers, has been widely used in large English proficiency tests worldwide. Despite an increasing CBT in China, limited research is available concerning whether CBT can be used for the Test for English Majors-Band 4 (TEM 4). The current study investigated whether testing mode impacted TEM 4 score and factors (i.e., computer familiarity level and attitude towards CBT) that might correlate with performance on CBT of TEM 4. Overall 92 Chinese undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of the groups, i.e., CBT or paper-based testing (PBT), and took the test. A mixed method was employed, including (1) quantitative and qualitative analysis of test performance in two modes, as well as CBT group participants’ computer familiarity and attitudes towards the mode; and (2) thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that (1) test scores in CBT and PBT were comparable; (2) two items in the computer familiarity questionnaire, i.e., comfort level of reading articles on the computer and forgetting time when using computers, positively correlated with CBT scores; and (3) participants’ attitude towards CBT did not impact test performance.
- Published
- 2021
130. Nature of the evidence base and frameworks underpinning dietary recommendations for prevention of non-communicable diseases: a position paper from the Academy of Nutrition Sciences
- Author
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Mary Hickson, Margaret Ashwell, Sara Stanner, Ann Prentice, and Christine M. Williams
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Flexibility (engineering) ,Medical education ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutritional epidemiology ,Nutritional Sciences ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Rigour ,Scientific evidence ,Diet ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Consistency (negotiation) ,Relevance (law) ,Position paper ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Psychology ,Noncommunicable Diseases ,Cohort study - Abstract
This Position Paper from the Academy of Nutrition Sciences is the first in a series which describe the nature of the scientific evidence and frameworks that underpin nutrition recommendations for health. This first paper focuses on evidence which underpins dietary recommendations for prevention of non-communicable diseases. It considers methodological advances made in nutritional epidemiology and frameworks used by expert groups to support objective, rigorous and transparent translation of the evidence into dietary recommendations. The flexibility of these processes allows updating of recommendations as new evidence becomes available. For CVD and some cancers, the paper has highlighted the long-term consistency of a number of recommendations. The innate challenges in this complex area of science include those relating to dietary assessment, misreporting and the confounding of dietary associations due to changes in exposures over time. A large body of experimental data is available that has the potential to support epidemiological findings, but many of the studies have not been designed to allow their extrapolation to dietary recommendations for humans. Systematic criteria that would allow objective selection of these data based on rigour and relevance to human nutrition would significantly add to the translational value of this area of nutrition science. The Academy makes three recommendations: (i) the development of methodologies and criteria for selection of relevant experimental data, (ii) further development of innovative approaches for measuring human dietary intake and reducing confounding in long-term cohort studies and (iii) retention of national nutrition surveillance programmes needed for extrapolating global research findings to UK populations.
- Published
- 2021
131. Peace Research and Science. A Discussion Paper
- Author
-
Høivik, Tord
- Published
- 1983
132. Can Closed-Ended Practice Tests Promote Understanding from Text?
- Author
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Hildenbrand, Lena and Wiley, Jennifer
- Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that testing students on to-be-learned materials can be an effective learning activity. However, past studies have also shown that some practice test formats are more effective than others. Open-ended recall or short answer practice tests may be effective because the questions prompt deeper processing as students must generate an answer. With closed-ended testing formats such as multiple-choice or true-false tests, there are concerns that they may prompt only superficial processing, and that any benefits will not extend to non-practiced information or over time. They also may not be effective for improving comprehension from text as measured by how-and-why questions. The present study explored the utility of practice tests with closed-ended questions to improve learning from text. Results showed closed-ended practice testing can lead to benefits even when the learning outcome was comprehension of text. [This paper was published in: "Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society," 2021, pp.327-333.]
- Published
- 2021
133. Taiwan's 'White Paper on Teacher Education': Vision and Strategies
- Author
-
Shen-Fei Chen, Yi-Huang Shih, and Yan-Hong Ye
- Subjects
White paper ,Pedagogy ,Psychology ,Teacher education ,Education - Published
- 2020
134. A Position Paper on the Implementation of Learning Technology Tools: Uncovering Faculty Perceptions
- Author
-
Zhanat Alma Elliston
- Subjects
Higher education ,business.industry ,Component (UML) ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Mathematics education ,Key (cryptography) ,Position paper ,Psychology ,business ,Style (sociolinguistics) ,media_common - Abstract
Effective integration of learning technology tools in classrooms is a key component of 21st century higher education classrooms. The goal of the position paper is to provide a discussion from the results of the research study and to uncover the faculty members’ views and perceptions about implementing learning technology tools. Insights from this study revealed that it is a teaching technique and style of the faculty members in the use of these learning technology tools that determined the nature of their perception of success rather than the learning tools themselves.
- Published
- 2020
135. Rubrics for EFL Oral Presentations A Position Paper
- Author
-
Magdy M. Aly
- Subjects
Formative assessment ,Medical education ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Foreign language ,Position paper ,English as a foreign language ,Rubric ,Context (language use) ,Student learning ,Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
The instructional value of rubrics for promoting student learning and aiding teacher feedback to student performance has been extensively reached in the educational literature. There is nonetheless a dearth of studies on students' rubric use in second/foreign language contexts. And fewer studies have investigated the factor affecting rubrics' effectiveness for promoting student learning. The paper Reports a classroom-based inquiry unto students' perceptions of rubric use in self-assessment in English as a foreign language context and the factors moderating its effectiveness. Eighty students at Chinese university participated in the study. The data collected included their reflective journals and six case study informants' retrospective interviews. Results showed that the rubric was perceived as useful for fostering the students' self-regulation by guiding them through the stages of goal-setting, planning, self- monitoring and self-reflection. Both within-rubric and rubric-user factors were identified as affecting the rubric's effectiveness in student self-assessment. The findings are discussed with reference to the design features of rubrics implications are drawn for formative rubric use in student self-assessment
- Published
- 2020
136. Teaching acronyms to the military: A paper-based DDL approach
- Author
-
Pascual Pérez-Paredes and Yolanda Noguera-Díaz
- Subjects
050101 languages & linguistics ,Concordance ,05 social sciences ,Rank (computer programming) ,050301 education ,Paper based ,Target population ,English for specific purposes ,Language acquisition ,Mathematics education ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Materials Science ,Psychology ,0503 education - Abstract
This research investigates the use of Data-driven learning (DDL) tasks in the teaching and learning of acronyms in a specialised corpus. Our target population is professional military staff (n=16). The researchers collected and analysed the Salvage and Rescue of Submarines Corpus (SAR) where the patterning of acronyms, neglected in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), plays a substantial role. Using a mixed-methods methodology, this research looked at the students’ interaction with DDL, as well as at the subsequent interviews with the students. Deductive and inductive paper-based DDL tasks with concordance lines of acronyms were used with two groups of students of different rank. Both groups found the tasks challenging and showed mixed reactions towards concordance lines. While there has been a much-needed emphasis on tools and corpus methods training in DDL, we suggest that conversations with adult, professional students about the nature of instructed language learning and language patterning are absolutely essential to promote a more active learner role in DDL approaches.
- Published
- 2020
137. Seeds that bloom on stony ground – Concept paper of the future perspectives of the unexploited capacities of positive clinical psychology in Hungary
- Subjects
Hungary ,mental disorder ,Mental Disorders ,positive psychology ,SDG 3 – Goede gezondheid en welzijn ,clinical positive psychology ,Clinical ,Mental Health ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Maintainable Positive Mental Health Theory ,Humans ,Psychology ,Positive ,positive psychological assessment measure - Abstract
Positive psychology has fully examined the flourishing among healthy people but neglected to understand how “optimal human functioning” can apply to the life experiences of a vulnerable person. Considering methodological issues, this article gives a brief overview on how the conceptualization of mental health and mental disorders affects the consideration of strengths along with the presence of dysfunction with the emergence of positive psychology. First, we summarize the shortcomings of the applicability of clinical positive psychology, focusing especially on Hungarian clinical practice. Second, we discuss the problems with the conceptualization of mental health in positive psychological framework. Third, we propose a model, the Maintainable Positive Mental Health Theory based on capacities and competences. Finally, we conclude with methodological questions and present a research protocol. The key finding of our review is that the opportunity exists for psychiatrists and psychologists to embrace disability as part of human experiences and to show how people with vulnerabilities can be supported to recover.
- Published
- 2022
138. El paper de la conversa en l’educació demòcrata
- Author
-
Anna Pagès
- Subjects
Filosofia de l’educació ,educació i democràcia ,educació a Catalunya ,sistema escolar ,currículum i oralitat. ,Education (General) ,L7-991 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
En aquest treball reflexionem sobre la importància de la conversa en una educació demòcrata. Aquest enfocament de l’educació no solament educa per a la democràcia, sinó que la inclou en la pràctica diària a l’escola. Prenent com a punt de partida la banalització de la paraula, de l’antropòleg Lluís Duch, i l’anàlisi de John Dewey a Democracy and Education (1916), proporcionem alguns arguments per a defensar la conversa com a experiència educativa i realitzar una valoració crítica de l’actual currículum de competències lingüístiques a Catalunya. Considerem que la conversa, entesa com una modalitat de relació amb els altres, no pot ser mai entesa com una estratègia de tipus competencial ni ser avaluada per nivells. Cal pensar-la en termes de comprensivitat, inspirant-nos en l’aproximació dels programes dels grups escolars als anys trenta, defensors d’una conversa senzilla entre mestre i alumne com a finalitat principal de la tasca educativa. El fonament antropològic de tota conversa és l’alteritat, la reciprocitat entre mestre i alumnes, que proposa formes d’associació i de comunicació més dignes i humanes, per tal de millorar la societat en la direcció del que Dewey anomenà common understanding o una entesa compartida. Paraules clau: Filosofia de l’educació, educació i democràcia, conversa i educació, educació a Catalunya, sistema escolar, currículum i oralitat.
- Published
- 2020
139. PAPER CLIPS
- Author
-
Harrison, Howard and Kushmir, Rafi
- Published
- 1983
140. Nick Dubin: Asperger Syndrome and Anxiety—A Guide to Successful Stress Management: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London, 2009, 222 pp., ISBN 978-1-84310-895-5, $19.95 (paper)
- Author
-
Bhatara, Anjali
- Subjects
Psychology ,Public Health/Gesundheitswesen ,Neurosciences ,Child and School Psychology ,Pediatrics - Published
- 2010
141. Call for Papers
- Subjects
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
142. Some Guidelines for Reporting National Regulations on Clinical Psychology for Papers in the Section 'Politics and Education' of CPE
- Author
-
Anton-Rupert Laireiter, Winfried Rief, and Cornelia Weise
- Subjects
Psychology ,BF1-990 - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
143. L. Leventhal-Belfer: Why do I have to? A Book for Children Who Find Themselves Frustrated by Everyday Rules: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London, UK, 2008, 79 pp, ISBN 978-1-84310-891-7. $9.95 (paper)
- Author
-
Kuriakose, Sarah
- Subjects
Psychology ,Public Health/Gesundheitswesen ,Neurosciences ,Child and School Psychology ,Pediatrics - Published
- 2010
144. Calculating and reporting effect sizes on scientific papers (3): Guide to report regression models and ANOVA effect sizes
- Author
-
Helena Maria Amaral Espirito Santo and Fernanda Daniel
- Subjects
ANOVA ,Análise de regressão ,Tamanho do efeito ,Valor p ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
In the first issue of the Portuguese Journal of Behavioral and Social Research, the importance of calculating, indicating, and interpreting the effect sizes for the differences of means of two groups (d family of effect sizes) was reviewed. Effect sizes are standard metrics that allows the comparison of the results of statistical analyzes of different studies. Effect sizes also report on the impact of a factor on the variable under investigation and the association between variables. After reviewing the effect sizes for the mean differences between two groups (Espirito-Santo & Daniel, 2015) and most of the r family (Espirito-Santo & Daniel, 2017), the review of effect sizes for analysis of variance was lacking. Analysis of variance can be understood as an extension of the d family to more than two groups (ANOVA) or as an r subfamily in which the proportion of variability is attributable to one or more factors. In the r subfamily reviewed in this study, we analyse the change in the dependent variable that results from one or more independent variables. This analysis is focused on general linear models, including regression models and ANOVA. This article provides the formulas for calculating the most common effect sizes by reviewing the basic concepts of the statistics and providing illustrative examples computed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The guidelines for the interpretation of effect sizes are also presented, as well as the cautions in their use. Also, the article is accompanied by an Excel spreadsheet to facilitate and expedite the calculations for interested readers.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
145. S. Hendrickx: Love, Sex & Long-Term Relationships: What People with Asperger Syndrome Really Really Want: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London, UK, 2008, 144 pp, ISBN 978-1-84310-605-0. $19.95 (paper)
- Author
-
Drahota, Amy
- Subjects
Psychology ,Public Health/Gesundheitswesen ,Neurosciences ,Child and School Psychology ,Pediatrics - Published
- 2010
146. Psychology as an Evolving, Interdisciplinary Science: Integrating Science in Sensation and Perception from Fourier to Fluid Dynamics
- Author
-
Ebersole, Tela M. and Kelty-Stephen, Damian G.
- Abstract
This article outlines the theoretical rationale and process for an integrated-science approach to teaching sensation and perception (S&P) to undergraduate psychology students that may also serve as an integrated-science curriculum. The course aimed to introduce the interdisciplinary evolution of this psychological field irrespective of any presumed distinctions between hard and soft science. The class began with perceptual science's foundations in Fourier decomposition and culminated in more recent developments with the perceptual science's interest in pattern-formation phenomena from fluid dynamics, and class illustrated this transition with various applications in music, art, and materials science. Post-course responses to the Research on Integrated Science Curriculum survey demonstrated that our students made significantly large gains in course elements, specifically making the most of the students pre-existing experiences. We find that students are ready and willing to engage in the study of S&P by setting aside neuroscience's sometimes constraining assumptions.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
147. Scientific Paper Production by Iranian Dental Schools Between 2015 and 2019
- Author
-
Mehrdad Vossoughi, Aira Sabokseir, Ali Golkari, Seyyed Taghi Heydari, and Heshmatollah Heidari
- Subjects
Medical education ,Dental research ,Scopus ,Paper production ,Christian ministry ,General Medicine ,Psychology ,Accreditation - Abstract
Background: Journal articles published by Iranian dental school faculty members have followed an upward trend Since 2000, based on: (1) the global growth rate; (2) the increase in the number of country’s dental schools and their relatively higher number of faculty members; and (3) the health ministry’s emphasis on research and scientific publications. Hence, it is important to keep ourselves up to date about the trend of scientific articles published by Iranian dental schools. Objectives: This study aimed to extract the number and quantitative value of articles authored by faculty members of Iranian dental schools that are indexed in three databases of SCOPUS, PubMed, and the Web of Science (WoS/ISI) from 2015 to 2019. Methods: A five-year cross-sectional study was conducted on the above-mentioned databases, using a similar strategy for all databases. Words “Iran” and “dent*” were searched in affiliations. The obtained results were investigated in-depth. The details of search results were checked out one by one. Only those articles with at least one author genuinely affiliated to an Iranian dental school were included for further assessment. The “number of articles” authored by at least one author and those with the “first author” affiliated to an Iranian dental school were counted. Then, the “quantitative value” or share of each author was calculated by dividing one by the number of authors of the article. The three variables were compared among databases, dental schools, and study years. Results: A total of 3922, 2473, and 2345 articles were retrieved from SCOPUS, PubMed, and WoS, respectively. Concerning SCOPUS and WoS databased, all three study variables had an increasing trend from 2015 to 2018 but decreased in 2019. In PubMed, however, the decline started from the beginning of the study period. Conclusions: The observed decline in the number of scientific papers produced or published at the end of the study period is worrying. The novel variable of “quantitative value” that was calculated in this study can be regarded as an appropriate and feasible indicator to determine the number of scientific papers published by individuals, dental schools, and the whole country’s dental research society, compared to other variables. Policymakers should rethink facilitating publication in accredited journals, especially those indexed in PubMed.
- Published
- 2021
148. Calculating and reporting effect sizes on scientific papers (2): Guide to report the strength of relationships
- Author
-
Helena Espírito Santo and Fernanda Daniel
- Subjects
Tamanho do efeito ,Coeficientes de correlação ,Apresentação estatística ,Interpretação estatística ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
In the first issue of the Portuguese Journal of Behavioral and Social Research, it was described the importance of calculating, indicating and interpreting the effect sizes for the differences between means of two groups. The PJBSR intends to continue to remind of the importance of reporting effect sizes for other statistical tests. The magnitude of the strength of the relationships was not indicated in the previous paper, and it may not be known that correlation is an effect size. Thus, this paper intends to provide some guidelines to the authors on the procedures for calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient and some correlation coefficients for special data (Spearman Rho, Kendall’s Tau, Point-biserial and biserial, Phi, Cramér’s V, and Eta). For this purpose, the formulas, steps in the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), assumptions and precautions, classification of values and their interpretation will be presented. Since SPSS does not compute all the mentioned coefficients, five spreadsheets (3 ways of comparing correlations, point-biserial and biserial, and correction of correlations for samples < 60) were included in the article supplements.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
149. Title: Call for papers – Gestalt psycology and philosophy / Gestaltpsychologie und Philosophie Wolfgang Metzger Award 2019 / Wolfgang-Metzger-Preis 2019 Young Academics Achievement Award / Nachwuchs – Förderpreis
- Subjects
Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
150. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE RUSSIAN VOCABULARY AND TEXTS WITHIN ONE LINGUISTIC SCHOOL: EXPERIENCE OF SUMMARY AND METHODOLOGICAL REFLECTION IN HINDSIGHT. PAPER 2
- Author
-
Nikolay D. Golev
- Subjects
experiment ,linguistics ,semasiology ,lexicography ,linguistic research methodology ,the principles of linguistic experimentation ,l. v. sherba ,History of Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics ,DK1-4735 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The content of the article up consists in methodological reflections about general principles of experimenting in linguistics on the whole and in Russian linguistics in particular. In this regard the article deals with the studies which are within the tradition starting in the works of I. A. Baudeuine de Courtenay, L. V. Sherba and other linguists who thought the address to the language consciousness (language feeling) to give the relevant information about the language itself. The other line is the reflection over axiomatization and absolutization of this principle in modern anthropocentric linguistics. Though these two lines present different subjects coming from different sources and different research presumptions, they are put in close connection and interrelation. In conclusion, the author states that a full and deep view of language cannot be created without studies based on the other contrary presumption.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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