Search

In the present work, we evaluated four bread wheat cultivars, three nitrogen (N) fertilization amounts, and two planting dates. The experiment was conducted at Almarashda Agricultural Research Station during the 2018-19 and 2019-20 growing seasons to determine the effect of two sowing dates (November 25th and December 25th) and three nitrogen fertilization rates (125, 100, and 75 kg N Fadden-1) on the phenology, grain yield, and grain component composition of four Egyptian bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum, L), namely Sids 14, Shandaweel 1, Giza 171, and Gemm The research employed a split-split plot design with three duplicates. The results indicated that seeding late (25 December) considerably reduced all characters in both seasons when compared to the optimum sowing date (25 November), except for 100-grain weight, which remained the same. All attributes were improved as the N fertilization level was increased from 75 to 125 kg N Fadden-1. Sids 14 outperformed the other cultivars in practically all evaluated traits including grain yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The near-surface groundwater aquifer that threatened the Great Pyramids of Giza, Egypt, was investigated using integrated geophysical surveys. A total of 10 electrical resistivity imaging, 26 shallow seismic refraction, and 19 ground-penetrating radar surveys were conducted in the Giza Plateau. Collected data for each method were evaluated by state-of-the art processing and modeling techniques. A three-layer model depicts the subsurface layers and better delineates the groundwater aquifer and water table elevation. The resistivity of the aquifer layer and seismic velocity vary between 40 and 80 Ω m and between 1500 and 2500 m s -1 , respectively. The average water table elevation is about + 15 m, which is safe for the Great Sphinx, but it is still subjected to potential hazards from the Nazlet El-Samman suburb where the water table elevation reaches 17 m. A shallower water table at the Valley Temple and the tomb of Queen Khentkawes, with a low topographic relief, represents severe hazards. It can be concluded that a perched groundwater table is detected in the elevated topography to the west and southwest that might be due to runoff and capillary seepage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]