Search

The main aim of this study was to define a procedure useful to evaluate the potential environmental, social and economic benefits contained in paper and cardboard (or other recyclables), which are wasted in the unsorted fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW). To give a practical example, the procedure was applied to the 550 municipalities of the Campania region, in Southern Italy, but the developed procedure is applicable in any context in an 'urban mining' perspective. The procedure consists of five phases and uses two methodologies: one for the estimation of the composition analysis of the unsorted residual waste and another for the calculation of sustainability indicators able to measure the benefits wasted in the unsorted residual MSW. Six indicators were defined: two for the environment (carbon footprint and ecological footprint), two for the society (health footprint and occupational benefits) and two for the economy (economic profit and economic saving). The first methodology was developed by the regional environmental protection agency to update the MSW regional management plan. The second methodology is based on the use of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) through which it was possible to calculate the reference parameters useful for the calculation of the impacts (i.e., loss of benefits) for recycling, mechanical and biological treatment (MBT), incineration and landfilling of paper and cardboard contained in the unsorted residual waste. The obtained results confirmed the presence of such an enormous deposit of recyclable materials contained in the unsorted residual waste, which is a potential source, but not exploited, of environmental, social and economic benefits. For instance, the paper and cardboard 'urban mine' of Naples was greater than 16 million of euro (economic profit + economic saving), with a potential saving of around 11.4 million of kgCO 2 eq. (carbon footprint), 207 million of m2 (ecological footprint), 44 Disability Adjusted Life Years (health footprint), with a creation of 30 job positions in the waste management sector (occupational benefits). [Display omitted] • A procedure consisting of five phases was developed using two methodologies. • One methodology estimates the composition analysis of the unsorted residual waste. • Another methodology used a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. • Two indicators for the environment, two for the society and two for the economy. • The paper and cardboard 'urban mine' of Naples was greater than 16 million of euro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-resolution bathymetry provides critical information to marine geoscientists. Bathymetric big data help characterise the seafloor and its benthic habitats, understand sedimentary records, and support the development of offshore engineering infrastructures. From September 27th to October 20th, 2022, the new CNR Research Vessel GAIA BLU explored the seafloor of the Naples and Pozzuoli Gulfs, and the Amalfi coastal area (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) from 50 to more than 2000 m water depth, acquiring about 5000 km2 of multi beam echosounder data. This area is particularly vulnerable to abrupt changes driven by the dynamics of several volcanic complexes, active in the area, and by human-induced impacts reflecting the proximity to the highly populated and touristic coastal area of Naples and nearby famous islands. For these reasons, the seafloor of the area needs to be known and constantly monitored. The digital bathymetric data previously available are restricted to the shallow highly dynamic area of the Gulf of Naples and appear fragmented as they were acquired in successive years, with different goals thereby using a variety of devices, with markedly different spatial resolutions. In this paper, we present bathymetric maps of the Gulf of Naples and adjacent slope basins at unprecedented resolution using three state-of-the-art multi beam echosounders. These high-resolution data highlight the technological advances of geophysical surveys achieved over the last 20 years and contribute to assessing the most dynamic areas where changes in the seafloor over time can be quantified. The new digital multi-resolution bathymetric products are openly accessible via Marine Geosciences Data System MGDS (refer to section Data Availability, Table 8, for datasets and products DOIs), perfectly matching the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) and Open Science Principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiaia station is one of the art stations of Line 6 of the Naples underground network; it was constructed in a 50-m-deep excavation, a few meters from historic buildings and 4.5 m from the main façade of a sixteenth-century Basilica. The excavation, carried out partially in loose to medium dense sands overlying the soft rock formation of Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT), was supported by a retaining wall made of contiguous bored piles braced with internal struts and prestressed ground anchors. The excavation sequence was quite complex due to archeological findings and to the presence of anthropic cavities used over the centuries to quarry NYT blocks. One of the key goals of the design was to limit movements around the shaft to prevent damage in the historical buildings. Long-term monitoring data obtained during nearly 9 years confirm the success of the overall construction process. A rather complex three-dimensional (3D) finite-element model with constitutive relationships for both the upper sandy layers and the soft rock is presented in the paper; this model was adopted to back-analyze the data from the monitoring and explore the influence of some of the key features of the case study. The role of the building bending and shear stiffness, of the soft rock stiffness, and of further apparently minor issues—such as the seepage and the ground anchors' prestress—were investigated and discussed with the support of the model calculations. Observed settlements at the end of the excavation were in the range 10–15 mm, and in the long term they increased by 20%–50% to as much as 20 mm. The deflection ratios were very small, in the range 0.05‰–0.15‰ , and no visible damages to the buildings were recorded. These values were reproduced by the finite-element model only after the introduction of the relevant building stiffness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the principal sources of pollution, on a local scale for a water city, with a tourist and commercial port, is certainly the port. Monitoring what is happening here is essential in order to implement suitable measures to control and contain emissions with consideration for the increasingly delicate environmental problem. This paper details the methods and results of an experimental campaign of local-scale emission measurements conducted in the port of Naples for two weeks in 2021. The chosen instrumentation, its setup, post-processing of the data, and an analysis critique of the results will be presented in detail. The campaign is part of broader research attempting to superimpose the concentrations of pollutants measured ashore in the port area with what is emitted by moored ships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an assessment of a 24 GHz multiple-input multiple-output radar as a remote sensing tool to retrieve bathymetric maps in coastal areas. The reconstruction procedure considered here exploits the dispersion relation and has been previously employed to elaborate the data acquired via X-band marine radar. The estimation capabilities of the sensor are investigated firstly on synthetic radar data. With this aim, case studies referring to sea waves interacting with a constant and a spatially varying bathymetry are both considered. Finally, the reconstruction procedure is tested by processing real data recorded at Bagnoli Bay, Naples, South Italy. The preliminary results shown here confirm the potential of the radar sensor as a tool for sea wave monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first illustrated haggadah of the print era was published around 1505 by David and Samuel ibn Nahmias in Istanbul (henceforth "Istanbul Haggadah"). It was embellished with woodcuts that had been commissioned in 1492 in Naples. This paper approaches the Istanbul Haggadah as a cultural product of the early Sefardi Diaspora. A comparative iconographic method reveals idiosyncrasies in relation to the tradition of medieval manuscript haggadot, which are then contextualized within the cultural ambience of the early Sefardi Diaspora in Naples, where Don Isaac Abarbanel played a central role as a spiritual and communal leader. My analysis is based on three types of information and sources: Abarbanel's post-expulsion writings, among others a commentary on the haggadah; book-historical data on the early phases of printing; and historical information on the lives of the refugees. Most Sefardi printing projects from the post-expulsion years were aimed at meeting the spiritual needs of the community of exiles. The Istanbul Haggadah, and particularly its illustration program, was a fitting compliment to these endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing popularity of cruise tourism has led to the need for effective planning and management strategies to enhance the city tour experience for cruise passengers. This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based planner specifically designed to optimize city tours for cruise passengers. By leveraging the power of DRL, the proposed planner aims to maximize the number of visited attractions while considering constraints such as time availability, attraction capacities, and travel distances. The planner offers an intelligent and personalized approach to city tour planning, enhancing the overall satisfaction of cruise passengers and minimizing the negative impacts on the city's infrastructure. An experimental evaluation was conducted considering Naples's fourteen most attractive points of interest. Results show that, with 30 state variables and more than 19 ∗ 10 12 possible states to be explored, the DRL-based planner converges to an optimal solution after only 20,000 learning steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the effects of climate change and pandemics are emerging. This brings about the need for new models of interpretation and organisation of urban spaces to respond to the multiple impacts on human health and the built environment. Urban peripheries are among the most vulnerable areas due to physical and socio-economic degradation. This paper presents the results of the Federico II University research “PER_CENT/PERIFERIE AL CENTRO”. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the research developed some innovative proposals for living spaces in the northern suburbs of Naples in line with European technical policies with integrated approaches for knowledge management, measurability of response to impacts and formulation of predictive scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research is based on documents from the National Archives in London, State Papers, Foreign, Venice (n° 99), folders n° 60 i 61. These documents contain precious information on political changes in Italy after 1714 in the light of British interests and from the perspective of British contemporaries as the Treaty of Rastatt has ordered a shift of authorities in the Naples and Sicily. The Austrian takeover of these Spanish possessions has produced important consequences for British interests in the Mediterranean. This research reconstructed the events from the perspective of these interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal camera use is becoming ever more widespread in volcanic and environmental research and monitoring activities. Depending on the scope of an investigation and on the type of thermal camera used, different software for thermal infrared (IR) images analysis is employed. The Osservatorio Vesuviano Sezione in Napoli of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV-OV) processes the images acquired during thermal monitoring activities acquired in the Neapolitan areas (Vesuvio, Ischia and Campi Flegrei) with different FLIR software that returns for each image, or for each selected area within the image, a series of parameters (maximum temperature, average temperature, standard deviation, etc.). An operator selects the area of interest and later "manually" inserts the relevant parameters in Excel sheets to generate graphs. Such a tedious, time- and resource-consuming procedure gave reason to implement a software able to automatically analyze sets of thermal images taken with a handheld thermal camera without any manual action. This paper describes the method and the software implemented to "automate" and refine the extrapolation process and the analysis of the relevant information. The employed method clusters thermal images by applying K-MEANS and DBSCAN techniques. After clustering a series of images, the software displays the necessary statistics to highlight possible fluctuations in temperature values. The software, "StaTistical Analysis clusteRed ThErmal Data" (STARTED), is already available. Although it has been developed mostly to support monitoring of the volcanoes in Campania, it is quite versatile and can be used for any activity that implies thermal data analysis. In this paper, we describe the workflow and the dataset used to develop the software, as well as the first result obtained from it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a decisionmaking methodology for urban regeneration projects based on the use of datadriven procedures and technologies for the conversion of former industrial areas to residential use. The proposed approach is aimed at the elaboration of an information management protocol for the generation of design scenarios, starting from the assessment of the regulatory and technical compatibility of the possible transformations with the existing constraints. This paper describes the application of the methodology to several buildings in the ex-Corradini complex in Naples to be used for different types of residential functions, in a framework of high uncertainty and complexity, also due to the inaccessibility and abandonment of the site [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we estimate the effect of the homicides by the Camorra, the Neapolitan Mafia, on housing prices in Naples. The study develops on a unique panel data set at the administrative district level for the period 2002–2018 of geo‐localized homicides involving innocent victims (denoted as IVH), which are treated as exogenous shocks that negatively affect housing demand. We find that the occurrence of such homicides causes a decrease in housing prices in the range of 2.5–3.8 percentage points. This effect decreases with the distance from an IVH and over time. These results are robust to the utilization of different econometric specifications and to the considerations of possible confounding factors such as other types of Camorra homicides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report in this paper the muography of an archaeological site located in the highly populated "Sanità" district in the center of Naples, ten meters below the current street level. Several detectors capable of detecting muons - high energy charged particles produced by cosmic rays in the upper layers of atmosphere - were installed underground at the depth of 18 m, to measure the muon flux over several weeks. By measuring the differential flux with our detectors in a wide angular range, we have produced a radiographic image of the upper layers. Despite the architectural complexity of the site, we have clearly observed the known structures as well as a few unknown ones. One of the observed new structures is compatible with the existence of a hidden, currently inaccessible, burial chamber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early November 1597. After an intense combat with four enemy ships, San Giacomo di Galizia (also known as Santiago), a just over 1000-ton galleon, enters the Ribadeo harbour in a terrible state, where it wrecks. This war vessel had been built in Naples in 1590 and sailed the Mediterranean and the Atlantic until it sank. In late November 2011, during an archaeological survey of the dredge area to improve the navigation of the ports in Galicia, a large ship was found and identified as the San Giacomo, which wrecked 414 years prior to its discovery. Several archaeological campaigns permitted a thorough record of the wreck and the recovery of hundreds of objects which this ship carried on its final journey. These artefacts included ceramics, metalwork, and wood, objects which reflected the activities that occurred on board during its short life. Combining an interdisciplinary approach based on artefacts, documents, and chemical analysis, the aim of this paper is to, on the one hand, attempt to reconstruct the sailing itinerary of the ship over its period of use and, on the other, to discuss how these commodities can help to write new narratives about the activities which occurred on board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper was aimed to promoting and improving the knowledge of the Naples city's monuments through an immersive visit experience, according to the paradigms of new digital languages. Thanks to the use of integrated technologies, some monuments of the city are presented in virtual way, with unusual viewpoints, that reveal previously unseen details, many of them not directly visible to tourists. A journey created by the use of integrated technologies, to discover historical facades and museums to be explored in total freedom, without physical constraints, without cognitive barriers. The technological basis supporting the visit consists of integrated solutions including digital photogrammetry, 3D modelling, virtual restoration and persuasive storytelling, all organised to provide a product for the general public, to be enjoyed with VR headsets. The available contents are organised on different reading levels, in according to three paths that include: a visit to the MANN (National Archaeological Museum of Naples), a visit within the virtual room dedicated to the most important museums of the city and a virtual walk through the decumani, the heart of historical centre. The virtual enjoyment of contexts no longer visible in original state or not accessible by tourists is resolved by the virtual reconstruction and re-location of artefacts in a virtual space, here called Virtual Room. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The identification of parameters that can quantitatively describe the different characteristics of urban morphology is fundamental to studying urban ventilation and microclimate at the local level and developing parameterizations of the dynamic effect of an urban area in mesoscale models. This paper proposes a methodology to calculate four morphological parameters, namely mean height, aspect ratio, sky view factor, and plan area ratio, of five cities located in southern (Bari and Lecce), central (Naples and Rome), and northern (Milan) Italy. The calculation is performed using the Geographical Information System (GIS), starting from morphological and land use data collected and analyzed in shapefiles. The proposed methodology, which can be replicated in other cities, also presents in detail the procedure followed to properly build input data to calculate the sky view factor using the UMEP GIS tool. The results show a gradual increase in the plan area index, λp, and mean building height, H ¯ , moving from the south to the north of Italy. Maximum values of λp and H ¯ are obtained in the regions of Milan, Rome, and Naples, where the highest spatially-averaged values are also found, i.e., λp = 0.22, H ¯ = 10.9 m in Milan; λp = 0.19, H ¯ = 12.7 m in Rome; λp = 0.20, H ¯ = 12 m in Naples. Furthermore, for all the cities investigated, areas characterized by the Corine Land Cover class as "continuous urban fabric" are those with medium sky view factor SVF values (around 0.6–0.7) and λp values (around 0.3) typical of intermediate/compact cities. The methodology employed here for calculating morphological parameters using GIS proves to be replicable in different urban contexts. This opens to a better classification of cities in local climate zones (LCZ), as shown for the Lecce region, useful for urban heat island (UHI) studies and to the development of parameterizations of the urban effects in global and regional climate models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of a BIM-based approach for the design and setup of a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system is an unexplored topic in the scientific literature. This paper presents a methodology designed to optimize the information management of the entire process using Building Information Modeling (BIM), defining the exchange information requirements (EIRs), Process Map, and Levels of Information Need (LoINs). Moreover, to verify the consistency of the information exchanged, this paper employs the information delivery specification (IDS) standard, developing a script that, using LoINs and the BIM model as input, verifies the desired requirements at each stage of the process. The proposed approach is applied to a viaduct on the Naples-Salerno highway, achieving a fully digital and interoperable platform for stakeholders involved in the processes. The results highlight the advantages of the proposed methodology over traditional approaches. • Improved coordination across disciplines in SHM system design. • Exploiting BIM to optimize collaboration and efficiency of traditional SHM workflows. • Achieve consistency and compliance with EIRs through Information Delivery Specifications (IDS). • Innovating SHM system design and setup through open-BIM for greater effectiveness. • Validating the performance of BIM-based workflows for the SHM system setup of highway viaducts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate scenarios require the implementation of climate proof actions. The effectiveness of such projects directly depends on the knowledge of local contexts and on the built environment's characteristics in relation to climate risk conditions. Innovative methods of knowledge can be implemented through the use of enabling technologies. Based on these considerations, the paper proposes the Coast-RiskBySea model as support for climate proof decision-making in relation to coastal flood risk, with the aim of developing new synergies between environmental design and enabling technologies. The proposed model was tested on an application case in the city of Naples by simulating a climate proof measure to assess the effectiveness of this solution in terms of damage reduction, and to define the potential and criticality of the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a zoning study involving the metropolitan city of Naples, for the purpose of identifying the areas within which to perform a comparable search by applying the synthetic-comparative market value procedure of appraisal. Moreover, an analysis was carried out of the values of agricultural land reported by two official sources, i.e. average land values (VFM) and average agricultural values (VAM), and by an unofficial source, i.e. the values of the Observatory of Agricultural Values (VAO). The results show that for some area/crop quality combinations, the values recorded can provide a significant indication of the agricultural value to be estimated. Vice versa, for estimating the agricultural value of land cultivated with the most profitable crops, the official values showed to be unreliable, meaning that the appraisal requires an accurate field survey. As for the differences between the different homogeneous areas, VAO prove to be more reliable, while VAM are the least significant values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the presence of Spaniards in the Doctoral Colleges of Naples, from its erection in 1584 to 1699. The characteristics of the Colleges and the sociology of the doctors are explained and the graduates who declared themselves as Spaniard and those who were originally from Spain are studied. This provides a more accurate profile of the presence of Spaniard Doctors in Naples and allows new prosopographical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with the transformations of cities due to the introduction of new technologies and the shift in value from infrastructure to services, city managers are in search of new urban economic models. The current paper examines the development of business model frameworks as a practical tool to assist two cities in assessing business model efficiency by adapting Business Model Canvas (BMC) components to operationalize sustainable cities. This article defines the business models and their usefulness, presents the requalification of the city of Jijel (Algeria) and the selection of the Canvas business model, explains the model selected for the city of Naples (Italy), and, through these two examples, extrapolates the approach towards the generalization of the tool and the approach, which can be adapted to the local context of each city. That is why the models can act as a management strategy and decision-making support tool with a scientific basis. The findings demonstrate that these business models are a practical tool incorporating all actions and a thorough organizational structure that considers all operations and choices. They offer a framework that facilitates effective communication and sustainable growth. Furthermore, they may promote innovative approaches to the creation of sustainable value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to highlight the link between the development of the transport system and the trust that citizens place in institutions' initiatives. A theoretical model has been specified according to which perceived power and knowledge of the transportation system influence the perceived benefits of local policies as well as the awareness of the relative costs. Such aspects, on their turn, influence and are linked to trust both in the local transport and in the local policy, in general. Model estimation has been carried out using the results of a survey conducted in the metropolitan area of Naples (south Italy) performing a structural equation model with partial least square‐path modeling estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The worsening of climate risks means climate adaptation measures and the acceleration of transition towards carbon neutrality need to be strengthened according to international Building renovation guidelines. The vulnerability to climate impacts and the inadequate performance of the built environment in the suburbs of cities determine the urgency required to intervene on these contexts through regenerative processes oriented to achieve the objectives of Green Transition. This paper presents the results of the research carried out by the Federico II University “PER_CENT/ PERIPHERIES AT THE CENTRE”. The research develops a methodology for the ecosystembased renewal of the projects of the postearthquake PSER (Programma Sperimentale di Edilizia Residenziale) in North Naples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The War of Polish Succession gave Spain the opportunity to renovate its policy of revisionism and reconquer Naples and Sicily in 1734-1735. In this paper we address the question of how this expedition was financed, which means were used, and how Campillo managed the affair. Archival sources witness the payment with loans by bankers in the form of bills of exchange. The bills were transferred by Italian houses of bank in Madrid to colleagues in Tuscany. In some occasions the Spanish government was able to send Spanish American bullion directly from Cadis to Naples. The paper studies the vicissitudes of payments processes, and the relations between bankers and Spanish military authorities, as well as the choice of sending bills or bullion as appropriate. This text is also an opportunity to observe the managerial role of an «intendente» of the army. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers the most significant results derived from the preliminary semantic analysis carried out on the 455 Spanish prepositional resultatives headed by the telic preposition hasta that conform our corpus. Specifically, we will show that their meaning is not homogenous since two clear cases are to be differentiated: on the one hand, those which have literal meaning, like hasta la muerte in La misma asesina, por lo tanto, que torturó a Loperena hasta la muerte, and on the other, those with a figurative interpretation, like hasta el agotamiento in La curiosidad lo hizo esforzarse hasta el agotamiento. Though both readings entail a hyperbolic meaning of excess and exaggeration, we will demonstrate, furthermore, that only the latter, called degree resultatives, following Hoeksema and Napoli (2019), have recently developed an intensifying function in the language which is increasingly growing as time goes by. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Development of an innovative building integrated air based solar thermal collector. • Dynamic modelling and experimental validation of the whole building/device system. • Solar collectors are integrated in the façades of an office building. • Active/passive effects on the building are analysed for several boundary conditions. • Interesting energy and comfort results are achieved. Abstract In this paper the design and the energy performance investigation of a new flat-plate solar thermal air collector prototype is presented. The adoption of cost-effective materials and simple design solutions represent the main novelties of the proposed device when compared to existing commercial collectors. In addition, the prototype is suitably designed to be integrated into the building envelope (façade), which is a key feature for the market uptake of building integrated solar thermal systems. The paper includes the description of the dynamic simulation model, developed for the energy and economic performance analyses of the whole building-prototype system. The simulation model, implemented with a computer code written in MatLab, is able to predict both active (hot air production for building space heating) and passive (winter free heating and summer overheating) effects due to the building integration of the proposed solar collector. By such tool, indoor comfort investigations can also be carried out. The dynamic simulation models of both the building and the collector prototype were successfully validated. In order to show the features of the developed simulation code, a suitable case study was carried out. It refers to an office space, part of a high-rise multi-use building, simulated as located in three different weather zones (Freiburg, Naples and Almeria). The examined solar collector is modelled as vertically integrated into the building façade, and three different orientations (East, South-East and South) were taken into account. Interesting results for the energetic, economic and occupants comfort points of view are obtained. By taking into account an initial cost of the system of about 5 k€, the primary energy savings achieved by the proposed system against the traditional buildings range between 1.9 and 8.0 MWh/y (depending on the selected weather zone and backup system). The shortest payback for all the investigated weather zones is obtained for Naples, which is equal to 6.2 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the ecology and management of two flow-through created wetlands that, in turn, defined 30 years of research by Bill Mitsch, 20 years in Columbus, Ohio (1992–2012) and 10 years in Naples, Florida (2012−2022). The Olentangy River Wetland Research Park was built in several stages from 1993 through 2010. The first stage was the creation of dual 1-ha kidney-shaped wetlands primarily fed by pumped Olentangy River water. A pattern of inflow that depended on river stage was maintained for 17 years. The two experimental wetlands were established by planting one of the wetlands with a variety of wetland macrophytes and leaving the second wetland unplanted to ultimately determine whether human introduction of wetland plants matter in the long run. In addition to maintaining data collection for hydrology, water quality, and other functions, these wetlands and several others constructed on the 20-ha floodplain site were heavily used as was the mesocosm compound, mostly for short-term (2 to 3 year) experiments by graduate students. Another 20-ha created wetland complex, called Freedom Park Wetlands, was constructed in 2007–2008 in Naples, Florida, at an abandoned citrus grove, to seasonally treat urban stormwater runoff. During that wet season, the design calls for an average water detention time of 18 days. The wetland system included a 1.9-ha deepwater pond for temporary storage of the urban stormwater pulses from what is mostly an urban watershed, followed by 2.7 ha of shallower vegetated wetland ponds designed to sequentially improve water quality. Within each wetland, there are three deep-water cells and two shallow-water cells. The water eventually exits the treatment wetlands via a rectangular and travels diffusely through a restored bottomland forest to the Gordon River and ultimately toward Naples Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. During our tenure at Florida Gulf Coast University's (FGCU) Everglades Wetland Research Park, Freedom Park was a venue with active mesocosm experiments in a constructed mesocosm compound. Several of these mesocosm experiments were the subjects of master's theses from FGCU and doctoral dissertations from our partner, University of South Florida. Our students also contributed to the local environmental communities by giving tours of the Freedom Park wetlands and our mesocosm research. • This paper describes the ecology and management of two created wetlands. • The Olentangy River Wetland Research Park in Ohio, USA has provided data since 1994. • The Freedom Park wetlands in Florida, USA were constructed in 2007–2008. • Both wetlands offer ecosystem services (i.e. nutrient reduction and flood protection). • These wetlands provide the framework for thirty years of wetlands research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of climate change in cities are already visible with extreme events globally increasing in both frequency and intensity. It is essential to consider the impact of urban regeneration strategies on local microclimatic conditions in order to guide urban planning and design in a resilient key. The complex management of information required to define adequate intervention strategies at a local level is a growing challenge for public administrations. The paper presents the first results of the ongoing H2020 project CLARITY (2017-2020) aimed at developing climate services for the integration of adaptation measures in urban redevelopment actions focused on activities performed in partnership by the UNINA team and the City of Naples, one of the project’s case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrified railway systems are the current focus of energy efficiency studies due to the increasing constraints of environmental sustainability policies. Railway System Operators (RSOs), also encouraged by market deregulation, are thus examining how to update infrastructures and vehicles and/or apply new operating strategies. Given the intrinsic relation between railway systems and their primary feeding grid, each measure applied to a railway system impacts directly on the power grid which supplies the system. Against this background, this paper aims to ascertain the impact of an energy efficiency strategy applied by the RSO system on its primary grid. The energy-efficient strategy is identified as to preserve timetable stability and service quality in a passenger-oriented perspective. Moreover, a method to model the interaction between the systems in terms of power flow exchanges is proposed. The model is used to verify how an eco-driving technique applied to a metro system affects the state variables of the distribution grid. In particular, the primary grid, the traction power substations and the railway system are modelled according to real data. The case study is the Metro Line 1 operating in the city of Naples (Italy). The numerical simulations are carried out with a two-step procedure: first, the power requirements of the rolling stock as a function of the imposed operating service are calculated by OpenTrack® software; the state variables of the distribution grid are then evaluated by means of the power flow approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circular economy offers new visions of how diversely urban spaces could be inhabited and managed. While the generation and management of waste is being treated through innovative practices, disused industrial, rural, and infrastructural areas are resistant to becoming included in a closed-loop cycle. They, in fact, establish wastelands that need to be completely re-imagined as a precondition for the transition. The fact of shifting the definition of a 'neglected area' into a 'wasteland', in line with the metaphor of urban metabolism, could be of tactical importance for generating alternative policies and practices. In exploring how the transition impacts Naples' urban region, the paper argues that turning wastelands into resources has the double potential of rehabilitating spaces and challenging the governance model in use, overcoming barriers in multiple sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the problem of the soil-structure interaction for buildings founded on piles throughout the comparative analysis between the seismic demand in compliant base and fixed base models. The aim of the work is to introduce a simple approach for evaluating the effects of soil-foundation-structure interaction (SFSI) for buildings founded on piles and, hence, to quantify the relevance of SFSI effects for this kind of structure. Inertial interaction analyses are carried out by idealizing the complete system as a linear SDOF on a deformable base represented by frequency dependent springs and dashpots. An application of the proposed methodology to a case study of a nine-story building resting on two well-studied subsoils, a deep clay layer from Piana del Fucino (Italy) and a pyroclastic deposit from Napoli, is presented and discussed. Reference is made to a complete seismic risk analysis in which the input signals are grouped into strips according to the conditional spectrum method. As a further objective, the effect of wall infills on the seismic demand in the reference buildings is investigated. The results show that for the pyroclastic deposit the seismic demand in the compliant model is comparable with that in the fixed base. By contrast, SFSI leads to a relevant reduction of the seismic demand for buildings on the clay layer. It is concluded that, contrary to the common belief, SFSI may also be relevant for tall buildings if they rest on soft soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tituli Picti are an ancient form of urban graffiti very common in the archaeological site of Pompeii (Naples, South—Italy). They are generally made of red pigments applied on walls of Campanian ignimbrite. This paper deals with a scientific investigation aimed to their conservation. This is a challenging task since it requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes restorers, archaeologists and conservation scientists. The study has provided suggestions on the proper way to conserve Tituli Picti over time. In the present work, several specimens of Campanian ignimbrite were painted with red earth pigment; lime and Arabic gum have been used as binders as well. Such painted stones were treated with three consolidants: a suspension of reactive nanoparticles of silica, ethyl silicate and an acrylic microemulsion. Treated and untreated specimens were subjected to thermal aging, artificial solar radiation and induced crystallization decay. It has been assessed the colorimetric variations induced by treatments. Moreover, the micromorphologic features of the consolidated surfaces have been highlighted by means of electron microscope observations. The scotch tape test allowed to compare the superficial cohesion induced by the three used products. According to the results, ethyl silicate seems to represent the most successful product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hurricanes are powerful agents of destruction with significant socioeconomic impacts. A persistent problem due to the large-scale evacuations during hurricanes in the southeastern United States is the fuel shortages during the evacuation. Computational models can aid in emergency preparedness and help mitigate the impacts of hurricanes. In this paper, we model the hurricane fuel shortages using the SIR epidemic model. We utilize the crowd-sourced data corresponding to Hurricane Irma and Florence to parametrize the model. An estimation technique based on Unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is employed to evaluate the SIR dynamic parameters. Finally, an optimal control approach for refueling based on a vaccination analogue is presented to effectively reduce the fuel shortages under a resource constraint. We find the basic reproduction number corresponding to fuel shortages in Miami during Hurricane Irma to be 3.98. Using the control model we estimated the level of intervention needed to mitigate the fuel-shortage epidemic. For example, our results indicate that for Naples- Fort Myers affected by Hurricane Irma, a per capita refueling rate of 0.1 for 2.2 days would have reduced the peak fuel shortage from 55% to 48% and a refueling rate of 0.75 for half a day before landfall would have reduced to 37%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the optimization of the Check-in, passenger migration, and Security Control processes in an airport land side terminal. Given the layout of the terminal, the passengers' flow, and the scheduled flights in a given time interval, the number and the position of Check-in counters and Security Control gates to be opened are output. The objective function is the minimization of the costs to activate the Check-in counters and the Security Control gates plus the costs that measure the passengers' discomfort. The stochastic passengers' behaviour and their preferences are simulated by a discrete event model, while the managing costs and the passengers' discomfort are optimized by the Surrogate Method. Capodichino Airport, located in Naples (IT), has been considered for the test phase. Results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the solutions of the Surrogate Method compared with the performances of other algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along the coastline of the Phlegraean Fields volcanic district, near Naples (Italy), severe retreat processes affect a large part of the coastal cliffs, mainly made of fractured volcanic tuff and pyroclastic deposits. Progressive fracturing and deformation of rocks can lead to hazardous sudden slope failures on coastal cliffs. Among the triggering mechanisms, the most relevant are related to meteorological factors, such as precipitation and thermal expansion due to solar heating of rock surfaces. In this paper, we present a database of measurement time series taken over a period of ∼4 years (December 2014–October 2018) for the deformations of selected tuff blocks in the Coroglio coastal cliff. The monitoring system is implemented on five unstable tuff blocks and is formed by nine crackmeters and two tiltmeters equipped with internal thermometers. The system is coupled with a total weather station, measuring rain, temperature, wind and atmospheric pressure and operating from January 2014 up to December 2018. Measurement frequencies of 10 and 30 min have been set for meteorological and deformation sensors respectively. The aim of the measurements is to assess the magnitude and temporal pattern of rock block deformations (fracture opening and block movements) before block failure and their correlation with selected meteorological parameters. The results of a multivariate statistical analysis of the measured time series suggest a close correlation between temperature and deformation trends. The recognized cyclic, sinusoidal changes in the width (opening–closing) of fractures and tuff block rotations are ostensibly linked to multiscale (i.e., daily, seasonal and annual) temperature variations. Some trends of cumulative multi-temporal changes have also been recognized. The full databases are freely available online at: 10.1594/PANGAEA.896000 (Matano et al., 2018) and 10.1594/PANGAEA.899562 (Fortelli et al., 2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a short history of Italian marine biology, starting from the mid 16th century. During the Renaissance, a profound curiosity for marine sciences animated the scientific thought and several Italian naturalists started to collect rare and unusual marine items, sometimes acting with little critical sense towards medieval unbelievable legends. The 17th and 18th centuries saw a development of botany and zoology as modern disciplines and Italian scholars started to study the Mediterranean fauna and flora. They became active mainly at the Universities of Trieste, Venice, Palermo, Naples, Rome and Genoa and in other scientific institutions that arose under the different political regimes in which Italy was divided at that time. The Kingdom of Italy, born in 1861 with enormous financial difficulties, was interested in reaching an international scientific limelight: hence, some oceanographic expeditions were organized all around the world with a significant collection of data and specimens. The scientific interest for sea life increased and became at international level at the end of the 19th century, with the foundations of the first shore-based Zoological Stations in Trieste and Naples. At the beginning of the 20th century, intensive studies of inshore benthic communities by dredging and, afterwards by diving, started concurrently with those on structure and dynamics of plankton and fish populations which yielded a significant knowledge of the marine life from the Mediterranean continental platform. After the Second World War, the fundamental studies conducted at the Zoological Station of Naples on genetics, embryology and developmental biology using marine organisms as study models, were spread to different universities, going to constitute an Italian school of experimental embryology of international value. Today, the modern Italian marine biology is increasingly multi-disciplinary, requiring the participation of biochemists, geneticists and mathematicians and it opens up to new frontiers often linked to the global changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing energy demand in harbour areas, coupled with the need to reduce pollutant emissions, has led to the development of renewable energy-based polygeneration systems to face the carbon footprint of ports and ships at berth. In this way, in the coming years, ports can be converted into modern energy hubs. From this point of view, this paper presents a new dynamic simulation model for assessing and optimizing the energy and economic impact of ports. Here, energy systems and renewable sources can be designed to be connected to national electricity and natural gas grids and can include also alternative fuels (hydrogen, biomethane, etc.) and thermal energy networks, as well as different biomass fluxes (to be exploited for energy aims). Energy availability/demands of near towns and port buildings/infrastructures, as well as on-shore power supply are also included in the dynamic assessments. Hourly weather data and different prices for all the considered energy carriers are taken into account hour by hour. A multi-objective optimization approach is also implemented in the model considering energy and economic indexes to be optimized. The whole model is implemented in a computer tool written in MATLAB. For showing the capability of the developed model, a novel case study referred to the port of Naples (South-Italy) is presented. Here, several renewable energy sources are considered, including an anaerobic biodigester for producing biogas from the organic waste of docked cruise ships. A combined heat and power system (fed by biogas) is implemented in the port energy hub also for supplying absorption chillers. PV panels, and marine power generators are also included. In the conducted analysis, optimization targets are the maximization of system self-consumption and self-sufficiency as well as the minimum simple payback period. The proposed system can effectively contribute to the decarbonization of the port energy demand and reduce harmful pollutant emissions. Results showed that very high rate of renewable energy produced on-site can be exploited (up to 84%) by the considered port facilities, ensuring increasing independency from utility power grid (self-sufficiency index up to 40%). By the obtained results and through the developed simulation/optimization tool, novel design and operating criteria can be achieved for future port energy hubs featured by renewables and bi-directional energy exchange between ships and port. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Dynamic simulation model of a novel vehicle to net zero energy building layout. • System environmental and thermo economic analysis coupled with electric vehicle. • Investigation of the electric vehicle charging effects on the system performance. • The system is economically feasible only with a small capacity storage system. • Electric vehicle allows one a significant equivalent CO 2 emissions reduction. Abstract This paper analyses the energy, environmental and economic performance of a future scenario where electric vehicles are connected to efficient buildings powered by building integrated flat-plate photovoltaic/thermal collectors, equipped with electric energy storage. The produced renewable electricity and thermal energy are exploited for building electrical and thermal applications. The surplus of produced electricity is stored into the electrical battery and used to charge the electric vehicle. The proposed system is modelled and dynamically simulated within the TRNSYS environment, where special attention is paid to the design of suitable system control strategies, aiming at optimizing the exploitation of the solar energy for electricity and heating purposes. To this aim, a sensitivity analysis is also carried out to find out the optimal system configuration. A case study analysis, relative to the weather zone of Naples (South Italy), is conducted to evaluate the energy, economic and environmental feasibility of the investigated scenario. Simulation results show that, with respect to a reference system, a remarkable reduction of electricity from the grid is achieved, corresponding to a primary energy saving equal to 57.66%. A reduction of 51.63% of CO 2 emissions and a simple pay payback period equal to 11.64 years are achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along the coastline of the Campi Flegrei volcanic district, near Naples (Italy), severe retreat processes affect a large part of the coastal cliffs, mainly made of fractured volcanic tuff and pyroclastic deposits. Progressive fracturing and deformation of rocks can lead to hazardous sudden slope failures on coastal cliffs. Among the triggering mechanisms, the most relevant are related to meteorological factors, such as precipitation, freezing conditions, and thermal expansion due to solar heating of rock surfaces. In this paper, we present a database of measurement time series taken over a period of ∼ 4 years (Dec 2014–Oct 2018), referred to the deformations of selected tuff blocks in the Coroglio coastal cliff. The monitoring system is implemented on five unstable tuff blocks and is formed by nine crackmeters and two tiltmeters equipped with internal thermometers. The system is coupled with a total weather station, measuring rain, temperature, wind and atmospheric pressure operating since January 2014 up to Dec 2018. A measurement frequency of 10 and 30 minutes has been respectively set for meteorological and deformation sensors. The aim of the measurements is to assess the magnitude and temporal pattern of rock block deformations (fracture opening and block movements) before block failure and their correlation with selected meteorological parameters. The results of a multivariate statistical analysis of the measured time series suggest a close correlation between temperature and deformation trends. The recognized cyclic, sinusoidal changes in the width (opening/closing) of fractures and tuff blocks rotations are ostensibly linked to multiscale (i.e. daily, seasonal and annual) temperature variations. Some trends of cumulative multi-temporal changes have been also recognized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on a discussion developed by one of the thematic working groups at the Biennial International Workshop Advances in Energy Studies (BIWAES) 2017 hold in Naples, Italy. The topic was the role of technology in energy transition and global problems. Owing to the heterogeneity of the participants in the working group, different viewpoints were put together, leading to some shared conclusions. In particular, the role played by the different narratives used in discussing the role of technology in facing global problems was pointed out as the origin of cognitive dissonance. The presented reflections address some conceptual weaknesses in the current debate on technology and global issues, framed in global policies that appear incapable to obtain tangible results. The technology optimism seems, in fact, to be based on the elusive use of both the concepts of technology and sustainability, that are put together for narrative purposes without an explicit conceptual assessment. On one hand, the factual role of technology and its beneficiary are almost never clearly addressed in the debate. On the other hand, the fact that any new technology will serve the cause of sustainability is not questioned whatsoever, without taking into account the social, political and ethical framework in which technology is supposed to be operated. • Thematic working groups at the BIWAES 2017 Conference. • Conceptual weaknesses in the current debate on technology are addressed. • The questions "Technology for what?" and "Technology for whom?" are mandatory. • There is a strong need for a correct contextualization of technology debate. • A shared and openly-described narrative is mandatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Two innovative small-scale CCHP solar ORC systems are modelled in TRNSYS/MATLAB. • The two systems are powered by two different CSP technologies: CPC and LFR. • The performance is analysed varying location and composition of global irradiance. • The DNI/GHI ratio has an influence on the system performance. • Useful hints for the selection of the best CSP technology with DNI are provided. In this paper, two innovative small-scale solar Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) trigeneration plants are investigated and compared using a simulation analysis. In particular, the first plant (Plant 1) consists of a 146 m2 Compound Parabolic Collectors (CPC) solar field, a 3 m3 diathermic oil storage tank, a 3.5 kWe ORC plant and a 17 kWc absorption chiller, while the second plant (Plant 2) consists of a Linear Fresnel Reflectors (LFR) solar field of equal reflecting area, a phase change material storage tank equipped with reversible heat pipes, a 3.2 kWe ORC unit and the same 17 kWc absorption chiller as the former. The dynamic performance of the considered plants has been assessed for two Italian locations representative of the European Mediterranean area, Napoli and Messina, having a similar global radiation but a significantly different ratio of direct normal irradiance to diffuse irradiance. The comparison between the two different solar ORC trigeneration systems has revealed the great influence of the solar radiation on the effectiveness of such systems even for locations at similar latitudes. The energy production has been analysed both on a monthly and daily basis. Results have shown that while the performance of Plant 1 is not so sensitive to location and radiation conditions, Plant 2 is greatly affected by these parameters. Moreover, the higher condensing temperatures necessary in summer to supply the absorption chiller significantly limit the electrical efficiency of the solar CPC ORC. On the contrary, the LFR technology allows the achievement of higher temperatures and conversion efficiencies in summer, thus resulting especially suitable for solar cooling applications. In conclusion, this study has highlighted the importance of adequate technology selection with different radiation conditions in order to better exploit the potential of trigenerative solar ORC systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the narratives guiding urban development in the historic centre of Naples, their historical construction and their impact on urban society . In Naples, the developers use the urban practices of the inhabitants from urban underclass as a symbol of decay , causing the "bad reputation" of the city . Through the study of the practices, the representations et the urban narrations of this category , locally referred to as "plebe", and of two urban "situations" in the Quartieri Spagnoli, one can put into perspective the urban discourse of dominant groups with the urban production "from below". This articulation allows me to question the "subaltern condition" experienced by poor urban dwellers in the historic centre. At a closer look, it is possible to overcome the stereotype of a monolithic subalternity in the inner city , revealing multiple constructions of situated identities and particular socio-spatial dynamics in a composite and fragmented historic centre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper a long and unpublished letter, traced in the State Archive of Naples, is published. The letter was sent, in March 1600, from don Pedro de Tapia y Ribera to Naples to the Flemish painter Hector Crucer from Antwerp. In the letter precise iconographic and technical indications were given to the painter to execute three canvases with a Franciscan subject. In the text it's hypothesised that the triptych was intended for the church of the convent of the Discalced Franciscans of Loja (Granada), founded by don Pedro de Tapia and his wife, doña Clara del Rosal Alarcón, a native of the Andalusian city. Of the Franciscan complex, suppressed in 1835 and demolished in 1951, only the praying statues of the two founders survive. As it's supposed here, they originally looked at the Crucer's triptych from two niches in the presbytery of the church. The statues, now housed in the Museo de la Alcazaba of Loja, are here given back to the Genoese marble sculpture of the early seventeenth century dominated by Taddeo Carlone's workshop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Experimental tests have been performed on 57 extruded aluminium bars. • One and two stages Ramberg-Osgood models have been provided for each tested aluminium alloy. • The low cycle fatigue curves have been obtained for 6060, 6082 and 7075 alloys. • Ductility and dissipation have been evaluated in the cyclic tests. • The skeleton curves are derived for each aluminium alloys by means of the incremental cyclic tests. In the present paper an extensive experimental campaign is carried out on 5000, 6000 and 7000 aluminium series through monotonic and cyclic tests. The research is part of a collaboration between the Universities of Salerno and Naples "Federico II" involved for several decades in the development of the Eurocode recommendation regarding the aluminium alloys for structural purposes. The experimental program is composed of 3 monotonic experiments for each aluminium alloy, 29 low-cycle fatigue tests for 6060, 6082 and 7075 alloys and 10 incremental cyclic tests under different loading cycles for all tested alloys. The main purpose of this campaign is the characterization of such alloys not only in terms of the well-known stress–strain curve while in terms of low cycle fatigue, cyclic hardening, dissipated energy and plastic fracture, to achieve more information about the non linear behaviour which can be exhibited, as an example, under seismic loading. In fact, since now, the largest part of the research has been mainly focused on the behaviour of such materials under a large number of cycles in elastic range thus neglecting the potential benefits in exploiting the large dissipative capacity of such alloys. Moreover, the collected information could be of fundamental importance in the framework of the revision of the new Eurocode 8 which presents, for the first time, a section devoted to the seismic design of structures made of aluminium alloys. The accurate knowledge of the random material variability and cyclic hardening could be helpful for the setting up of the coefficients to be used for the application of the hierarchy criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper illustrates an energy upgrading proposal of a historical building in Naples (Italy): Palazzo Fuga, better known as the Real Albergo dei Poveri which was built in the second half of the XVIII century. The proposal consists of energy efficiency interventions on the building envelope and its plants. As energetic and thermal aspects are concerned, simulations were performed in order to size a photovoltaic system, considering lighting aspects, and to evaluate the improvement of the building energy performance. Furthermore, thermal and lighting measurements were performed with a double aim: to verify the factual state of the building and to calibrate the calculation tools to the particular situation. In this paper obtained results concerning the feasibility of interventions will be presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban sustainable transport policies are very different in terms of costs and expected benefits, and the effects of these policies and their combinations are difficult to anticipate on a purely intuitive basis and sometimes the end effect could be contrary to intuitive expectations (e.g. policies aimed to reduce pollution, ending up in increasing it). In this context, the concept of eco-rational planning assumes a central role. This means identifying the right mixture of interventions to be implemented on the transport system that is: rational for the transport system and sustainable for people’s health and for the environmental and requires minimal economic resources. Starting from the results of the compendium paper (Part 1), the paper investigate on non-rational sustainable transport policies through an ex-post analysis on real casa application in Naples (Italy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability strategies have become a key element in various firms. Although many studies have discussed the sustainability adoption process, a gap exists between studies with pure deductive theorizing and those that focus on empirical practices by comparing the main theoretical models with empirical evidence. Additionally, there has been little research on the sustainability process for public service organizations such as waste collection firms. This paper focuses on how sustainability strategies are developed in waste collection firms. Specifically, we analyse an extreme case, the waste collection firm of the municipality of Naples (WCFMN). This company is a public utility firm owned by the municipality of Naples. Analysing a distinct case provides the opportunity to gain insights and explore how firms develop an overall sustainability strategy, from its motivations to its effects. Our findings support legitimacy theory while providing food for thought about the relation between legitimacy theory and utility maximization theory. Legitimacy theory explains the sustainability adoption process of the WCFMN, whereas utility maximization theory should inform future strategies. Thus, we enrich the ongoing debate about the connections between sustainability drivers, strategies, actions and performance. These findings will help executives and managers of public service organizations to identify and exploit the most effective means of managing the adoption of corporate social responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]