This paper discusses the problems of finding one of the largest similar substructures in tree Tb to tree Ta, where both Ta and Tb are rooted and ordered trees (RO-trees) or unrooted and cyclically ordered trees (CO-trees). A maximal closest common ancestor mapping and a largest similar substructure in Tb to Ta based on this mapping are defined and two algorithms are proposed for finding one of the largest similar substructures for RO-trees and that for CO-trees. The time and space complexities of the algorithm for RO-trees are OT(NaNb) and OS(NaNb), respectively; and those of the algorithm for CO-trees are OT(mambNaNb) and OS((ma + mb)NaNb), respectively, where ma(mb) and Na(Nb) are the largest degree of a vertex and the number of vertices of Ta(Tb), respectively. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 80(2): 92–104, 1997 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]