157 results
Search Results
2. Risk and Danger among the "Invisible": Bisexual IPV Victimization, Lifestyle Factors, and Feelings of Marginalization.
- Author
-
Outlaw, Maureen, Teasdale, Brent, Bradley, Mindy S., and Ménard, Kim S.
- Subjects
INTIMATE partner violence ,BISEXUAL people ,LGBTQ+ identity ,CRIME victims ,RISK-taking behavior - Abstract
This paper examines intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization risk of bisexual individuals compared with their straight and gay peers, highlighting the ways in which risky lifestyle factors and feelings of marginalization operate to increase risk. We theorize that both behavioral and stigma-related risk factors identified in previous work may be systematically different in the bisexual population compared to their straight peers, thus increasing IPV risk. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Wave 4, N = 14,415), we examine the extent to which risky behaviors and feelings of marginalization mediate the impact of bisexual identity on IPV risk. Findings suggest bisexual individuals are significantly more at risk for IPV (OR = 1.60) than their straight and gay peers. Their increased risk is explained by risky behaviors (e.g., drug use and number of partners), and feeling unloved. Adjusting for these mediators, the effect of being bisexual on IPV is reduced substantially (OR = 1.27) but remains significant. Understanding the unique stigmatization experiences and vulnerability of this population is critical for designing effective victimization prevention strategies. It is important to consider risk reduction strategies that may be uniquely important for bisexual adults and mitigating the burdens of stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Validation of participant eligibility for pre-exposure prophylaxis: Baseline data from the PRELUDE demonstration project.
- Author
-
Vaccher, Stefanie J., Grulich, Andrew E., Haire, Bridget G., Conway, Damian P., Poynten, Isobel M., Ooi, Catriona, Foster, Rosalind, Templeton, David J., Zablotska, Iryna B., and null, null
- Subjects
PRE-exposure prophylaxis ,HIV infection risk factors ,BISEXUAL men ,INTERNET surveys ,DISEASES - Abstract
Background: In Australia, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is targeted to individuals at high risk for HIV infection. We describe the HIV risk profile and characteristics of PRELUDE participants, and evaluate the population validity of the sample in representing high-risk gay and bisexual men (GBM) eligible for PrEP. Methods: PRELUDE is an on-going, open-label, single-arm observational study. Participants were identified in clinics and screened for eligibility using a paper-based risk assessment tool which followed the New South Wales (NSW) PrEP guidelines. Selection was validated using an independent online behavioural survey, completed by study participants upon enrolment. Demographic information was analysed using descriptive statistics, and kappa tests were used to determine agreement between reporting of high-risk practices in the risk assessment and behavioural survey. Results: During 2014–15, 471 individuals were targeted for enrolment; 341 were assessed for PrEP eligibility and 313 were enrolled. Of these, 303 (97%) identified as GBM. Overall, 85% of GBM met at least one high-risk criterion; 68% reported receptive intercourse with an HIV-positive or unknown status casual male partner, and 37% reported methamphetamine use in the three months preceding enrolment. The remaining 15% were enrolled based on medium-risk behaviours, or at the clinicians’ discretion. We found an 82% total agreement between self-reported high-risk behaviour and clinicians’ categorisation of GBM as being at high risk for HIV based on PrEP eligibility criteria. Conclusions: Behavioural eligibility criteria used by clinicians successfully identified individuals at high risk for HIV infection. This targeted approach ensures that the greatest public health and HIV prevention benefits can be derived in a setting without universal access to PrEP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Bisexual Identity: Can it be both Fluid and Stable?
- Author
-
Scherrer, Kristin
- Subjects
BISEXUALITY ,SEXUAL orientation ,BISEXUALS ,GENDER identity ,SOCIAL psychology ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
This paper explores several aspects of sexual identity development for bisexual identified individuals, specifically identity formation and identity management and the consequences of these. I conducted in depth qualitative interviews with 20 bisexual identified individuals across gender identities. I recruited using emails targeting gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender (glbt) student groups, announcements in courses pertaining to glbt and gender issues, flyering local establishments, and by snowball sampling. In this paper, I will discuss how individuals came to identify as bisexual, and why they see this as an appropriate identity label. I will then discuss barriers to identifying as bisexual, and the consequences of these barriers for "identity stability." I found that bisexual individuals do have identities that are fluid, but that this fluidity does not undermine the stability of the underlying sense of self described by bisexual identified individuals. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
5. A systematic review and thematic synthesis of Canada’s LGBTQ2S+ employment, labour market and earnings literature.
- Author
-
Waite, Sean, Ecker, John, and Ross, Lori E.
- Subjects
LABOR market ,META-analysis ,MARKETING literature ,JOB security ,INCOME inequality ,EMPLOYMENT forecasting ,EMPLOYMENT statistics - Abstract
Background: The last two decades have witnessed a considerable growth in the literature focusing on LGBTQ2S+ employment, labour market inequality, and income. During the same period, Canada has emerged as a trailblazer in employment protections for both sexual and gender minorities. Unfortunately, the Canadian literature on LGBTQ2S+ employment outcomes and experiences is disperse and underdeveloped. Objective: This paper brings together this disperse research and provides the first systematic review of Canada’s LGBTQ2S+ employment and earnings literature. Methods: We start with a systematic review and thematic synthesis of the broadly defined literature on LGBTQ2S+ poverty in Canada. We use a thematic synthesis to isolate the LGBTQ2S+ literature on employment, labour market inequality, and earnings. Our search of electronic databases took place in April 2018 and was updated in January 2019. Results: A total of 532 abstracts and full texts were screened by reviewers, which resulted in 84 articles included in our final sample. These articles were then sorted by keywords and those pertaining to employment, labour market inequality, and income (n = 31) were included in this analysis. While estimates of sexual minority wage gaps vary depending on the data and methods used, most studies have found wage penalties for gay men and wage premiums for lesbians, relative to their heterosexual counterparts. The literature on bisexual employment is particularly scant but finds that bisexual men and women also earn less than their heterosexual counterparts. Research on the subjective workplace experiences of LGBTQ2S+ individuals find unique challenges, barriers and, at times, exclusion from the Canadian labour market. Conclusions and implications: While the literature on LGBTQ2S+ employment outcomes and experiences in Canada is growing, much is left unknown. The principal limitation for researchers continues to be the dearth of population-based surveys that include questions on sexual orientation, gender identity, and relevant employment characteristics. To date, few studies have explored employment outcomes or the subjective workplace experiences of bisexuals, transgender, two-spirit or other gender minority peoples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. LGBT communities and substance use in Queensland, Australia: Perceptions of young people and community stakeholders.
- Author
-
Demant, Daniel, Hides, Leanne, White, Katherine M., and Kavanagh, David J.
- Subjects
LGBTQ+ people ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,YOUNG adults ,SEXUAL minorities ,PEER pressure - Abstract
Sexual minority young people use licit and illicit substances at disproportionate levels. However, little is known about the perceptions of substance use among members of LGBT communities. This paper reports the results of a content analysis of 45 semi-structured interviews about substance use in LGBT communities with sexual minority young people (n = 31) and community stakeholders (n = 14). Results indicated both sexual minority youth and community stakeholders perceived the use and acceptance of substances to be higher in LGBT communities compared to the general population. Participants identified a range of characteristics potentially leading to higher levels of substance use including peer pressure, high exposure to substance use, and the high concentrations of licensed venues in LGBT communities. Marginalisation, discrimination and mental health were also perceived as important reasons for these disparities. Community stakeholders identified a range of potential interventions including legislation to address discrimination and substance use, increased services and activities, advertising in commercial LGBT venues and social media, and reinvigorating community cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Doing Bisexuality: This is What a Bisexual Looks Like?
- Author
-
Miller, Andrea
- Subjects
BISEXUALS ,BISEXUALITY ,SEXUAL orientation ,GENDER ,DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics ,GROUP identity ,LGBTQ+ people - Abstract
In-depth conversations with 48 self-identified bisexual women and men attempt to re-evaluate West and Zimmerman's (1987) concept of "doing gender," and West and Fenstermaker's (1995) "doing difference." In this paper I apply these previous conceptualizations to what I have conceptualized as "doing bisexuality." The "hidden" status of bisexual identities reveals how sex, gender and sexuality are accomplished simultaneously (although to varying degrees), and that "doing bisexuality" is eclipsed by the heterosexual matrix. The conflict between "social bisexual identity" and "individual bisexuality identity" creates a sexual "identity crisis" as respondents are more often than not expected to pledge allegiance to the hetoro-homo dichotomy, thus leaving little room for a distinct bisexual identity to exist. This eclipse of bi identities happens when one must rely on the interaction and interpretation of others with regard to forming a social identity, and when outside actors misconstrue one's intentions one is left with little choice but to be socially identified within the hetero/homo, either/or dichotomy. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
8. Bi Outside the Bedroom: The Performance of Bisexual Identity.
- Author
-
Hartman, Julie E.
- Subjects
BISEXUALS ,SOCIAL groups ,SEXUAL orientation ,SOCIAL status ,SOCIAL participation ,SOCIAL psychology ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
This paper discusses preliminary findings from a dissertation project drawing on data from focus groups and interviews conducted in several cities around the Upper Midwest region to explore the performance of bisexual identity. The data is drawn from the experiences of bisexual-identified women involved in long-term monogamous relationships (in or outside of legal marriage) with men. Issues of identity performance include various means one uses to reinforce their self identity and display or cue in others to their bisexual identity. Given the current political climate and the general public perception that sexualities other than heterosexuality are only based on sexual acts, this research is critical in gaining a better understanding of the broader effects sexual orientation identity has on one's life beyond simply with whom one engages in sexual behavior. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
9. Anything But Straight: Bisexual Voices on "Passing".
- Author
-
Miller, Andrea
- Subjects
SEXUAL orientation ,BISEXUALS ,HETEROSEXUALS ,GENDER identity ,SOCIAL interaction ,SOCIAL context - Abstract
This paper investigates the visibility (or invisibility) of a "bisexual identity." Based on semi-structured interviews with 48 self-identified women and men, I consider the ways perceived heterosexual privilege might contribute to the invisibility of a bisexual identity as well as how the gendering and sexualizing process forces social actors to revert back to either/or dichotomous categories; thus, leaving little space for a "bisexual identity" to stand alone. My argument is that a "bisexual identity" may become co-opted as the gender performance of social actors is contrived either as "homosexual" or "heterosexual," but not as distinctly "bisexual." Here, I argue that self-identified bisexuals are largely mistaken or misappropriated in the social, interactive context. In my final analysis, I hope to introduce an improved framework for understanding how self-identified bisexuals' experience with "passing," defies conventional wisdom that "othered" sexual minority groups will go to any length to gain access to heterosexual and "passing" privileges. Furthermore, my respondents contradict Goffman's (1963) original analysis, which assumes that one's "secret defect" is always associated with what is considered undesirable by the heterosexual majority. To be sure, the "stigma" my informants wanted to avoid was being associated as "straight," and not their bisexual or queer status. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
10. Towards a Feminist-Queer Alliance: A Paradigmatic Shift in the Research Process.
- Author
-
Hammers, Corie and Brown III, Alan D.
- Subjects
FEMINISTS ,SOCIAL sciences ,GAY people ,LESBIANS ,BISEXUALS - Abstract
Building on the advances made by feminist reconsiderations of methods, methodology and epistemology, this paper calls for an alliance between feminist social science and the emerging field of queer theory and gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender studies. By challenging the assumptions of traditional scientific approaches to research on sexual minority groups and sexual communities, a distinctly "queer" approach is advocated that adopts a reflexive position of subjectivity, context and performativity. Beginning with a critique of essentialist approaches that privilege gay/lesbian, man/woman, and object/subject, this queer approach to social science advances a framework of critical sexualities that moves social science and knowledge into an arena of inclusivity and multiple identities rather than monolithic dualisms and identity politics. The implications of this project are clear: a fundamental rethinking of identity categories that transcend traditional, stagnant dualisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Self-reported sexual orientation among undergraduates of 10 universities in Guangzhou, China.
- Author
-
Yan, Yuan, Xiao, Shuiyuan, Liu, Haihong, and Chue, Pierre
- Subjects
UNDERGRADUATES ,COLLEGE students' sexual behavior ,SEXUAL orientation ,SELF-evaluation - Abstract
Few studies have investigated the distribution of sexual orientation among Chinese university students and identified the socio-demographic factors associated with sexual orientation. For the present study, we administered a paper-based, 5-point, self-report, sexual orientation scale to a stratified, random sample of 9071 undergraduates across all 10 universities in Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China. Multivariable ordinal regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between demographic factors and sexual orientation. A total of 8320 respondents completed the survey. Of 8182 valid respondents, 80.6% self-reported as exclusively heterosexual, 12.6% self-reported as mostly heterosexual, 5.4% self-reported as bisexual, 0.7% self-reported as mostly homosexual, and 0.8% self-reported as exclusively homosexual. About one fifth of male students and one fourth of female students reported some degree of divergence from exclusive heterosexuality. This indicates that in China there are a large number of university students who are potentially involved in same-sex sexual attraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Criminalization of HIV non-disclosure: Narratives from young men living in Vancouver, Canada.
- Author
-
Knight, Rod, Krüsi, Andrea, Carson, Anna, Fast, Danya, Shannon, Kate, and Shoveller, Jean
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections ,YOUNG men ,SOCIAL stigma ,PUBLIC education ,PUBLIC health ,DISEASES - Abstract
Background: Previous research has identified the impacts of legal frameworks that criminalize HIV non-disclosure among people living with HIV (e.g., elevated stigma and violence). However, far less is known about the perspectives or experiences of people–particularly, men–who are HIV-seronegative or who are unaware of their status. The objective of this paper is to describe the health and social risks that young men perceive to be associated with an HIV diagnosis in the context of Canada’s current legal framework pertaining to HIV non-disclosure. Methods: We analyzed data from 100 in-depth interviews (2013–2016) conducted with 85 young men ages 18–30 in Vancouver on the topic of the criminalization of HIV non-disclosure. Results: Our analysis revealed two dominant narratives in relation to HIV criminalization: (a) interrogation and (b) justification. An interrogation narrative problematized the moral permissibility of criminalizing HIV non-disclosure. In this narrative, Canada’s HIV non-disclosure legal framework was characterized as creating unjust barriers to HIV testing uptake, as well as impeding access to and reducing retention in care for those living with HIV. Conversely, a justification narrative featured a surprising number of references to HIV as a “death sentence”, despite effective treatments being universally available in Canada. However, most of those who presented the justification narrative asserted that the criminalization of HIV non-disclosure was morally justified in light of the perceived negative stigma-related impacts of HIV (e.g., discrimination; being ostracized from sex or romantic partners, friends, family). The justification narrative often reflected a belief that the legal framework provides both punishment and deterrence, which were perceived to supersede any barriers to care for both HIV-positive and -negative individuals. Conclusion: Public education regarding contemporary medical advances in HIV may help contest lay understandings of HIV as a “death sentence”, which is particularly relevant to destabilizing justification narratives. However, significant strengthening of HIV stigma-reduction efforts will be needed to move society away from narratives that attempt to justify Canada’s current HIV non-disclosure legal framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Sexual assault incidents among college undergraduates: Prevalence and factors associated with risk.
- Author
-
Mellins, Claude A., Walsh, Kate, Sarvet, Aaron L., Wall, Melanie, Gilbert, Louisa, Santelli, John S., Thompson, Martie, Wilson, Patrick A., Khan, Shamus, Benson, Stephanie, Bah, Karimata, Kaufman, Kathy A., Reardon, Leigh, and Hirsch, Jennifer S.
- Subjects
SEXUAL assault ,ASSAULT & battery ,COLLEGE students ,UNDERGRADUATES ,MENTAL health services - Abstract
Sexual assault on college campuses is a public health issue. However varying research methodologies (e.g., different sexual assault definitions, measures, assessment timeframes) and low response rates hamper efforts to define the scope of the problem. To illuminate the complexity of campus sexual assault, we collected survey data from a large population-based random sample of undergraduate students from Columbia University and Barnard College in New York City, using evidence based methods to maximize response rates and sample representativeness, and behaviorally specific measures of sexual assault to accurately capture victimization rates. This paper focuses on student experiences of different types of sexual assault victimization, as well as sociodemographic, social, and risk environment correlates. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used to estimate prevalences and test associations. Since college entry, 22% of students reported experiencing at least one incident of sexual assault (defined as sexualized touching, attempted penetration [oral, anal, vaginal, other], or completed penetration). Women and gender nonconforming students reported the highest rates (28% and 38%, respectively), although men also reported sexual assault (12.5%). Across types of assault and gender groups, incapacitation due to alcohol and drug use and/or other factors was the perpetration method reported most frequently (> 50%); physical force (particularly for completed penetration in women) and verbal coercion were also commonly reported. Factors associated with increased risk for sexual assault included non-heterosexual identity, difficulty paying for basic necessities, fraternity/sorority membership, participation in more casual sexual encounters (“hook ups”) vs. exclusive/monogamous or no sexual relationships, binge drinking, and experiencing sexual assault before college. High rates of re-victimization during college were reported across gender groups. Our study is consistent with prevalence findings previously reported. Variation in types of assault and methods of perpetration experienced across gender groups highlight the need to develop prevention strategies tailored to specific risk groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Liminalities, Borders, Bodies: Gay Identities And Representational Strategies In Contemporary Spain.
- Author
-
Enguix, Begonya
- Subjects
GAY people ,LESBIANS ,BISEXUALS ,TRANSGENDER people ,IDEOLOGY ,GROUP identity - Abstract
This paper aims to analyse how social-cultural discourses are inscribed in and transformed by our bodies and our body practices, and how discourses on hegemony and resistance become embodied and politic. Bodies, as locus where discourses and counterdiscourses cross and are inscribed, are also dynamic instances where personal 'itineraries' (Esteban, 2004) and particular narratives are developed. In particular, through bodies we aim to analyse etic and emic social discourses on such aspects as sexual and gender dimorphism, identities, sexual practice and desire, sexual dissidence, power, ideology and transgression. By considering intersections between bodies, ideology, sexuality, identity, gender and consumption, we want to provide a critical approach to the historical and cultural conformation of the sex/gender/ sexual practice system and approach the body from a personal, a social and a political perspective. We will also take into account the processes of commodification of bodies.The analysis, based in intensive fieldwork carried out in three Spanish cities, of explicitly sexualized places -basically the gay scene- and the representational strategies displayed in the Spanish Gay Parades (identity politics) are privileged fields for studying how, parting from the so-called 'sexual orientation', personal and social identities are -and have historically been- deeply embodied. Bodies then become frontiers, limits, symbolic locus that incorporate complex identities and discursive practices, personal and political. Identities and discourses that refer us to fundamental classificatory categories such as sex, gender, identity, sexuality. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
15. The Rise and Repercussions of Bisexual Chic: Examining Female-Female Sexual Activity in the Heterosexual Dating Context.
- Author
-
Denes, Amanda
- Subjects
BISEXUAL women ,BISEXUALS ,HUMAN sexuality ,SEXOLOGY ,HETEROSEXUALS - Abstract
With the rise of bisexual chic, this project seeks to explore the messages being sent by female-female sexual relations and the repercussions of bisexual staging for both the bisexual and lesbian communities. This project is composed of three studies examining same-sex infidelity in heterosexual relationships and perceptions of promiscuity in female-female sexual relations within the heterosexual dating context. Study 1A examines attributions, perceptions of sexual orientation, and relational outcomes following a same-sex infidelity. Study 1B looks at male jealousy following the same-sex infidelity of their female partners. Lastly, Study 2 explores the message that female-female kissing sends regardless of an infidelity. Overall, this project examines the role of bisexual staging on judgments of promiscuity, and what effects a new generation of bisexual chic is having on the bisexual community. With the rise of bisexual staging, female-female acts are no longer seen as distinctive indicators of a bisexual or lesbian sexual orientation. Ultimately, this paper explores the messages that female-female sexual relations sends, both as an act of infidelity and as an entity itself. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
16. Suicidality among bisexual youths: the role of parental sexual orientation support and concealment.
- Author
-
Reyes, Marc Eric S., Escote, Alyzza Meynell D., Ferrer, Antonia Veronica C., Marpuri, Judith Kate O., Santos, Anna Clarissa D. R., Torres, Rubertha Francesca E., Cayubit, Ryan Francis O., and Bacaoco, Jeemon Rey A.
- Subjects
SEXUAL orientation ,SUICIDAL behavior in youth ,MINORITY youth ,SUICIDAL ideation ,ATTEMPTED suicide ,BISEXUAL people - Abstract
Compared with the heterosexual population, the prevalence of mental health outcomes such as suicidality (suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts) is higher among sexual minority youth, particularly those who identify themselves as bisexuals. Bisexuals are at an even elevated risk within the LGB populations due to biphobia, monosexism, bisexual invisibility or erasure, and lack of support resources. These experiences may bring about issues regarding concealment of their sexual orientation linked to suicidality. Studies have also identified that parental support is a protective factor against suicidality among the youth, particularly their sexual orientation. The present study used a cross-sectional, predictive research design to examine parental sexual orientation support and concealment and their associations and predictive abilities in the suicidality of 151 Filipino bisexual youths aged 18–24 years old. The participants were recruited online within six months, from July 2021 to December 2021. As measured by the Parental Support for Sexual Orientation Scale, Sexual Orientation Concealment Scale, and Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, results showed that among our bisexual participants, parental sexual orientation support and concealment did not have a significant relationship with and could not predict their risk for suicidality. Limitations and suggestions for further research were discussed, considering our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Epistemic Injustice: Towards Uncovering Knowledge of Bisexual Realities in Social Work Research.
- Author
-
Iacono, Gio
- Subjects
SOCIAL work research ,MICROAGGRESSIONS ,BISEXUALS - Abstract
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) individuals experience health risks, with bisexuals experiencing higher levels of health risk compared to heterosexuals, gays and lesbians. These disparities are often attributed to stressors related to minority status. While similarities among LGBTQ experiences exist, it is plausible that bisexuals experience unique forms of marginalization, which may help explain the documented health disparities. Bostwick and Hequembourg highlight unique forms of marginalization that bisexuals experience vis-à-vis microagressions, falling within the realm of the epistemic. Fricker's work on epistemic injustice emphasizes marginalization particularly as it is related to knowledge and experience. Drawing on this scholarship, this paper provides a review of existing literature on the bisexual experience, and a discussion to provide a critical lens on bisexual marginalization in society and the minimal attention received in social work research. Approaches to increase bisexual visibility and attention in social work research will be discussed. Some approaches include: developing a queer theoretical perspective in practice and research to allow for greater problematization of social categories; and making a concerted effort to promote research that is inclusive of minority populations within the sexual and gender minority population group. This might include groups with intersecting points of marginalization, such as racialized and gender diverse individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Sexual Orientation as Gendered to the Everyday Perceiver.
- Author
-
Henry, P. J. and Steiger, Russell L.
- Subjects
LESBIANS ,GAY men ,BISEXUAL people ,LGBTQ+ people ,SEXUAL orientation ,SEXUAL orientation identity ,GENDER role - Abstract
We present an integrated interdisciplinary review of people's tendency to perceive sexual orientation as a fundamentally gendered phenomenon. We draw from psychology and other disciplines to illustrate that, across cultures and over time, people view and evaluate lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals through how they conform or fail to conform to traditional gender expectations. We divide the review into two sections. The first draws upon historical, anthropological, legal, and qualitative approaches. The second draws upon psychological and sociological quantitative studies. A common thread across these disciplines is that gender and sexual orientation are inseparable constructs in the mind of the everyday social perceiver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Blogging Bisexuals and the Coming-Out Process.
- Author
-
George, Sue
- Subjects
COMING out (Sexual orientation) ,BLOGS ,BISEXUAL communities ,VIRTUAL reality -- Social aspects ,BISEXUAL people ,ONLINE social networks ,VIRTUAL communities ,INTERPERSONAL communication ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
What role does blogging play for some bi people who are coming out? What do they write about, and how does and doesn't it help them? Although some of those blogging are able to be, and want to be, interested in joining some kind of real-world bi community, others are neither able nor interested. Yet more want to consider issues of sexuality before they take themselves out to that community. Whichever group they fall into, blogging can help individuals think through the issues involved with, hopefully, the support of some interested readers. This article looks at blogs that are active (at the time of BiReCon), and some have definitely or probably ended to look at how the writers negotiate the coming-out process. It argues that, though blogging can certainly help, it is the role of the reader and commenter on the blog that is key to the beneficial effect that blogs can have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Sexualities as Social Roles Among Asian- and Pacific Islander American Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Individuals: Implications for Community-Based Health Education and Prevention
- Author
-
Wong, Frank Y., Chng, Chwee Lye, Ross, Michael W., and Mayer, Kenneth H.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. La defensa dels drets del col·lectiu LGTBI al Parlament de Catalunya: del primer posicionament polític el 1983 a l’aprovació de la Llei 11/2014
- Author
-
Odriozola i Marcé, Martí
- Subjects
LGTBI-fòbia ,Bisexuals ,Intersexuals ,Homosexuals – Situació legal, lleis, etc. (Catalunya) ,Transsexuals ,Treball de fi de grau – Curs 2022-2023 ,Parlament de Catalunya ,LGTBI ,Drets humans ,Parlamentarisme ,Lesbianes ,Gais - Abstract
Treball de Fi de Grau en Ciències Poítiques i de l'Administració. Curs 2022-2023 Tutor: Jordi Pascual i Saüc Des de la recuperació de les institucions d’autogovern, el Parlament de Catalunya ha tingut un paper clau en la defensa dels drets del col·lectiu LGTBI, tant a través de pronunciaments polítics sense efectes jurídics com, especialment, mitjançant l’aprovació de lleis que han garantit els drets de manera efectiva: la llei de parelles de fet, la legalització de l’adopció per part de les parelles homosexuals i la Llei 11/2014, una norma integral amb un règim de sancions pioner, són les tres principals contribucions. Aquest estudi radiografia en profunditat totes les iniciatives associades als drets del col·lectiu LGTBI que s’han presentat al Parlament des del 1980 fins al 2014. En total, són 39 iniciatives: 22 no legislatives, vuit legislatives, una proposta de resolució per dur una proposició de llei al Congrés dels Diputats, cinc declaracions del Parlament i tres preguntes orals. La metodologia es vehicula fonamentalment a través de l’anàlisi de discurs dels textos de les iniciatives i dels debats que van suscitar al Parlament i es complementa amb nou entrevistes. La realitat fa palès que Catalunya ha estat pionera en la defensa dels drets LGTBI, però evidencia que aquest avenç ha requerit un esforç reiterat i la insistència dels actors implicats.
- Published
- 2023
22. LGBT Pride and External Institutionalization: Mobilizing Resources, Culture, and Symbolic Capital in Urban Contexts.
- Author
-
Joseph, Lauren
- Subjects
LGBTQ+ people ,BISEXUALS ,TRANSGENDER people ,SEXUAL minorities ,RESOURCE mobilization - Abstract
This paper explains the way that lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) Pride organizations grow and develop ties to their local communities, in a process that I term "external institutionalization." Pride organizations engage in resource mobilization practices, which simultaneously seek to generate social and symbolic capital for a stigmatized and excluded sexual minority group. This analysis uses extended, multi-sited ethnography to uncover the specific social practices through which this is accomplished on an everyday and local level within urban communities across the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
23. "I Never Saw a Future": Childhood Trauma and Suicidality Among Sexual Minority Women.
- Author
-
Creighton, Genevieve M., Oliffe, John L., Broom, Alex, Rossnagel, Emma, Ferlatte, Olivier, and Darroch, Francine
- Subjects
SUICIDE prevention ,CHILD abuse ,DOMESTIC violence ,FEMINISM ,INTERVIEWING ,LESBIANS ,RESEARCH methodology ,MENTAL health ,PHOTOGRAPHY ,EMOTIONAL trauma ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,HUMAN sexuality ,PSYCHOLOGY of the sick ,VIOLENCE ,VIOLENCE & psychology ,WOMEN'S health ,QUALITATIVE research ,DATA analysis ,THEMATIC analysis ,SUICIDAL ideation ,PSYCHOLOGY of LGBTQ+ people ,ADVERSE childhood experiences - Abstract
While a significant health concern for sexual minority women, there is little qualitative research investigating their experiences of childhood trauma and suicidality. In this study, we used photovoice methods and an intersectionality framework. Drawing on qualitative interviews, we inductively derived three themes (a) Traumatized and discredited, (b) Cascading marginality, estrangement, and suicidality, (c) Reconstruction and reclaiming resilience. In Traumatized and discredited, we describe the sense of abandonment flowing from childhood trauma heightened by a lack of protection and neglect on the part of parents/guardians. The lack of support to deal with childhood trauma and the layering effects of marginality characterizes the theme Cascading marginality, estrangement, and suicidality. In the third theme, we discuss strategies for reconstruction and reclaiming resilience as participants worked to overcome these challenging experiences. Our study findings offer guidance to suicide prevention counseling programs for sexual minority women and affirm actions to address health inequities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Insecure Attachment and Perpetration of Psychological Abuse in Same-Sex Couples: A Relationship Moderated by Outness
- Author
-
Longares, Lara, Escartín, Jordi, Barrientos, Jaime, and Rodríguez-Carballeira, Álvaro
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Team climate mediates the effect of diversity on environmental science team satisfaction and data sharing.
- Author
-
Settles, Isis H., Brassel, Sheila T., Soranno, Patricia A., Cheruvelil, Kendra Spence, Montgomery, Georgina M., and Elliott, Kevin C.
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL sciences ,CLIMATOLOGY ,PATH analysis (Statistics) ,SATISFACTION ,TEAMS ,HUMAN behavior - Abstract
Scientific research—especially high-impact research—is increasingly being performed in teams that are interdisciplinary and demographically diverse. Nevertheless, very little research has investigated how the climate on these diverse science teams affects data sharing or the experiences of their members. To address these gaps, we conducted a quantitative study of 266 scientists from 105 NSF-funded interdisciplinary environmental science teams. We examined how team climate mediates the associations between team diversity and three outcomes: satisfaction with the team, satisfaction with authorship practices, and perceptions of the frequency of data sharing. Using path analyses, we found that individuals from underrepresented groups perceived team climate more negatively, which was associated with lower satisfaction with the team and more negative perceptions of authorship practices and data sharing on the team. However, individuals on teams with more demographic diversity reported a more positive climate than those on teams with less demographic diversity. These results highlight the importance of team climate, the value of diverse teams for team climate, and barriers to the full inclusion and support of individuals from underrepresented groups in interdisciplinary science teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Vaccination differences among U.S. adults by their self-identified sexual orientation, National Health Interview Survey, 2013–2015.
- Author
-
Srivastav, Anup, O’Halloran, Alissa, Lu, Peng-Jun, Williams, Walter W., and Hutchins, Sonja S.
- Subjects
SEXUAL orientation ,VACCINATION ,HEALTH surveys ,INFLUENZA vaccines ,CHRONIC hepatitis B ,HEALTH equity - Abstract
Introduction: Very few studies have explored the associations between self-identified sexual orientation and comprehensive vaccination coverage. Most of the previous studies that reported health disparities among lesbian, gay and bisexual populations were not based on a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, limiting the generalizability of the findings. Starting in 2013, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) included questions to ascertain the adult’s self-identified sexual orientation that allowed national level vaccination estimation by sexual orientation. This study examined associations of self-reported vaccination coverage for selected vaccines among U.S. adults by their sexual orientation. Methods: We analyzed combined data from 2013–2015 NHIS, a nationally representative probability-based health survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. population ≥18 years. For vaccines other than influenza, weighted proportions were calculated. Influenza coverage was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier procedure. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted prevalence differences for each vaccine overall and stratified by sexual orientation and to identify factors independently associated with vaccination. Results: Significant differences were observed by sexual orientation for self-reported receipt of human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis A (HepA), hepatitis B (HepB), and influenza vaccination. Bisexual females (51.6%) had higher HPV coverage than heterosexual females (40.2%). Gay males (40.3% and 53.6%, respectively) had higher HepA and HepB coverage than heterosexual males (25.4% and 32.6%, respectively). Bisexual females (33.9% and 58.5%, respectively) had higher HepA and HepB coverage than heterosexual females (23.5% and 38.4%, respectively) and higher HepB coverage than lesbian females (45.4%). Bisexual adults (34.1%) had lower influenza coverage than gay/lesbian (48.5%) and heterosexual adults (43.8%). Except for the association of having self-identified as gay/lesbian orientation with greater likelihood of HepA, HepB, and influenza vaccination, sexual orientation was not associated with higher or lower likelihood of vaccination. Health status or other behavioral characteristics studied had no consistent relationship with vaccination among all populations. Conclusion: Differences were identified in vaccination coverage among the U.S. adult population by self-reported sexual orientation. This study is the first to assess associations of sexual orientation with a comprehensive list of vaccinations. Findings from this study can serve as a baseline for monitoring changes over time. All populations could benefit from improved vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Quality of life of gay and bisexual men during emerging adulthood in Taiwan: Roles of traditional and cyber harassment victimization.
- Author
-
Hu, Huei-Fan, Chang, Yu-Ping, Lin, Chienho, and Yen, Cheng-Fang
- Subjects
BISEXUAL men ,QUALITY of life ,SOCIAL acceptance ,HOMOSEXUALITY ,DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics - Abstract
This study examined factors related to the quality of life (QOL) of gay and bisexual men during emerging adulthood in Taiwan. The factors included traditional harassment (e.g., verbal ridicule, relational exclusion, physical aggression, and theft of belongings), cyber harassment, sex- and gender-related factors (e.g., sexual orientation, age at initial identification of sexual orientation, self-reported level of gender nonconformity, and perceived social acceptance toward homosexuality and bisexuality), and demographic characteristics. In total, 305 Taiwanese gay and bisexual men, aged 20–25 years, were recruited. Their QOL, traditional harassment, and cyber harassment data were collected using the World Health Organization Questionnaire on Quality of Life: Short Form, School Bullying Experience Questionnaire, and Cyberbullying Experiences Questionnaire, respectively. In total, 60.3%, 34.4%, 28.2%, and 29.5% of the participants reported experiencing traditional harassment, cyber harassment, traditional harassment across multiple contexts, and harassment in multiple forms, respectively. Both traditional and cyber harassment were significantly associated with lower QOL. Individuals who experienced traditional harassment across multiple contexts and harassment in multiple forms had lower QOL in nearly all domains than did individuals who had experienced traditional harassment in a single context and harassment of a single form. However, the QOL did not significantly differ between individuals who had experienced traditional harassment in a single context and nonvictims nor between individuals who had experienced harassment of a single form and nonvictims. Lower education level, older age at initial identification of sexual orientation, higher perception of gender nonconformity, and lower perceived social acceptance toward homosexuality and bisexuality were significantly associated with lower QOL. Clinical and public health professionals should consider these factors when developing programs to enhance the QOL of gay and bisexual men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Investigating the common set of acoustic parameters in sexual orientation groups: A voice averaging approach.
- Author
-
Kachel, Sven, Radtke, André, Skuk, Verena G., Zäske, Romi, Simpson, Adrian P., and Steffens, Melanie C.
- Subjects
SEXUAL orientation ,STEREOTYPES ,KINSEY Scale ,ACOUSTICS ,NEUROSCIENCES ,SELF-evaluation - Abstract
While the perception of sexual orientation in voices often relies on stereotypes, it is unclear whether speech stereotypes and accurate perceptions of sexual orientation are each based on acoustic cues common to speakers of a given group. We ask if the stereotypical belief, that members of the same sexual orientation group share similar acoustic patterns, is accurate to some degree. To address this issue, we are the first to use a novel voice morphing technique to create voice averages from voices that represent extremes of a given sexual orientation group either in terms of actual or perceived sexual orientation. Importantly, averaging preserves only those acoustic cues shared by the original speakers. 144 German listeners judged the sexual orientation of twelve natural-sounding sentence stimuli, each representing an average of five original utterances. Half of the averages were based on targets’ self-ratings of sexual orientation: On a 7-point Kinsey-like scale, we selected targets who were most typical for a certain sexual orientation group according to their self-identifications. The other half were based on extreme ratings by others (i.e., on speech-related sexual-orientation stereotypes). Listeners judged sexual orientation from the voice averages with above-chance accuracy suggesting 1) that the perception of actual and stereotypical sexual orientation, respectively, are based on acoustic cues shared by speakers of the same group, and 2) that the stereotypical belief that members of the same sexual orientation group share similar acoustic patterns is accurate to some degree. Mean fundamental frequency and other common acoustic parameters showed systematic variation depending on speaker gender and sexual orientation. Effects of sexual orientation were more pronounced for stereotypical voice averages than for those based on speakers’ self-ratings, suggesting that sexual-orientation stereotypes exaggerate even those differences present in the most salient groups of speakers. Implications of our findings for stereotyping and discrimination are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Using spectral and cross-spectral analysis to identify patterns and synchrony in couples’ sexual desire.
- Author
-
Vowels, Matthew J., Mark, Kristen P., Vowels, Laura M., and Wood, Nathan D.
- Subjects
SEXUAL desire disorders ,SPECTRAL analysis (Phonetics) ,TESTOSTERONE ,APPLIED mathematics ,ENDOCRINOLOGY - Abstract
Sexual desire discrepancy is one of the most frequently reported sexual concerns for individuals and couples and has been shown to be negatively associated with sexual and relationship satisfaction. Sexual desire has increasingly been examined as a state-like construct that ebbs and flows, but little is known about whether there are patterns in the fluctuation of sexual desire. Utilizing spectral and cross-spectral analysis, we transformed 30 days of dyadic daily diary data for perceived levels of sexual desire for a non-clinical sample of 133 couples (266 individuals) into the frequency domain to identify shared periodic state fluctuations in sexual desire. Spectral analysis is a technique commonly used in physics and engineering that allows time series data to be analyzed for the presence of regular cycles of fluctuation. Cross-spectral analysis allows for dyadic data to be analyzed for shared rates of fluctuation between partners as well as the degree of (a)synchrony (or phase shift) between these fluctuations. Men and women were found to exhibit fluctuations in sexual desire at various frequencies including rates of once and twice per month, and to have sexual desire that was unlikely to fluctuate over periods of three days or less and therefore exhibited persistence. Similar patterns of fluctuation were exhibited within couples and these patterns were found to be largely synchronous. While instances of desire discrepancy may arise due to differences in rates of sexual desire fluctuation and random fluctuations, such instances may be normal for romantic relationships. The results have important implications for researchers, clinicians, and educators in that they corroborate the supposition that sexual desire ebbs and flows and suggest that it does so with predictable regularity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, familiarity, and attitudes among gay and bisexual men in the United States: A national probability sample of three birth cohorts.
- Author
-
Hammack, Phillip L., Meyer, Ilan H., Krueger, Evan A., Lightfoot, Marguerita, and Frost, David M.
- Subjects
PRE-exposure prophylaxis ,HIV infections ,BISEXUAL men ,GAY people ,LGBTQ+ people - Abstract
This study examined HIV testing and use, familiarity, and attitudes toward pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among HIV-negative gay and bisexual men in the United States. A national probability sample (N = 470) of three age cohorts (18–25, 34–41, and 52–59 years) completed a survey between March, 2016 and March, 2017. Most men did not meet CDC recommendations for HIV testing, and 25.2% of men in the younger cohort had never tested. Only 4.1% used PrEP across cohorts. Visiting an LGBT clinic and searching for LGBT resources online were associated with PrEP use. Men in the middle cohort were more familiar with PrEP (79%) than men in the younger (52%) and older (57%) cohorts. Bisexual and non-urban men were less familiar with PrEP. Attitudes were positive among most men (68.4%) familiar with PrEP. Findings suggest that most men potentially at risk for HIV do not meet CDC guidelines for testing, and PrEP use continues to be minimal. Efforts to educate gay and bisexual men about HIV risk and prevention need to be reinvigorated and expanded to include non-gay-identified and non-urban men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. BARRIERS TO THE AMBITION AND POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE LGBT POPULATION IN BRAZIL/ BARREIRAS A AMBICAO E A REPRESENTACAO POLITICA DA POPULACAO LGBT NO BRASIL
- Author
-
Pereira, Cleyton Feitosa
- Published
- 2017
32. Physical and mental health inequalities among aging lesbian, gay, and bisexual Canadians: cross-sectional results from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
- Author
-
Stinchcombe, Arne, Wilson, Kimberley, Kortes-Miller, Katherine, Chambers, Lori, and Weaver, Bruce
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Identity negotiation within the family structure: How transgender characters on television challenge traditionally gendered family roles.
- Subjects
TRANSGENDER people on television ,LGBTQ+ people on television ,STREAMING video & television ,CABLE television ,BISEXUALS - Abstract
The article focuses on a study that examines how transgender individuals in both scripted and reality television shows negotiate identity within the family structure. It also mentions that streaming series and cable networks feature transgenders in majority. It also mentions that an increased focus on transgender-related issues can be seen as a natural extension of growing visibility and political strength of gay, lesbian, and bisexual populations.
- Published
- 2017
34. In spite of the system: A qualitatively-driven mixed methods analysis of the mental health services experiences of LGBTQ people living in poverty in Ontario, Canada.
- Author
-
Ross, Lori E., Gibson, Margaret F., Daley, Andrea, Steele, Leah S., and Williams, Charmaine C.
- Subjects
LGBTQ+ people ,MENTAL health services ,POVERTY ,PUBLIC health administration ,CANADIAN economy - Abstract
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and/or queer (LGBTQ) people face barriers to accessing mental health care; however, we know little about service experiences of low income LGBTQ people. In this qualitatively-driven mixed methods study, over 700 women and/or trans people completed an internet survey, of whom 12 LGBTQ individuals living in poverty participated in interviews. Low income LGBTQ respondents saw more mental health professionals and had more unmet need for care than all other LGBTQ/income groups. Narrative analysis illustrated the work required to take care of oneself in the context of extreme financial constraints. These findings highlight the mechanisms through which inadequate public sector mental health services can serve to reproduce and sustain both poverty and health inequities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Optimization of the sterilizing doses and overflooding ratios for the South American fruit fly.
- Author
-
Mastrangelo, Thiago, Kovaleski, Adalecio, Botteon, Victor, Scopel, Wanessa, and Costa, Maria de Lourdes Zamboni
- Subjects
FRUIT fly control ,INSECT sterilization ,INSECT pest control ,REGRESSION analysis ,ANASTREPHA - Abstract
The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is an autocidal control method that relies on inundative releases of sterilized mass-reared insects. This technology has been used in several area-wide programmes for the suppression/eradication of fruit fly populations. Choosing the optimum sterilizing dose and the sterile release density is an essential step of the SIT. Considering unsolved issues related to the application of this technique against Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann), this study aimed to define accurately the central target dose for both sexes of this species and to verify the induction of sterility in fertile flies at different sterile:fertile ratios. The results from the regression analyses proved that the sterilization process for the A. fraterculus Brazilian-1 morphotype (the most common in southern Brazil and Argentina) could consist of irradiating pupae 72 h before adult emergence at 40 Gy, with no detrimental effects to standard quality control parameters. The ovarian development in irradiated females was characterized, demonstrating that doses equal to or higher than 25 Gy cause complete and irreversible ovarian atrophy. The laboratory and field cage tests showed that the sterility induction increased with the proportion of sterile flies, and a sterile:fertile ratio of 50:1 should be appropriate in SIT field trials. The sterile females apparently did not distract the sterile males, despite of the slightly higher reductions in pupal yield for all ratios in their absence. The data generated in this study have a great practical value and will help decision-makers in planning field trials to evaluate the efficacy of the SIT against A. fraterculus populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Health-related quality of life inequalities by sexual orientation: Results from the Barcelona Health Interview Survey.
- Author
-
Marti-Pastor, Marc, Perez, Gloria, German, Danielle, Pont, Angels, Garin, Olatz, Alonso, Jordi, Gotsens, Mercè, and Ferrer, Montse
- Subjects
HEALTH of LGBTQ+ people ,QUALITY of life ,SEXUAL orientation ,LGBTQ+ people -- Social aspects ,HETEROSEXUALS - Abstract
Background: Studies on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) inequalities according to sexual orientation are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess HRQoL inequalities between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people and heterosexuals in the 2011 Barcelona population, to describe the extent to which sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and chronic conditions could explain such inequalities, and to understand if they are sexual orientation inequities. Methods: In the 2011 Barcelona Health Interview Survey 3277 adults answered the EQ-5D, which measures five dimensions of HRQoL summarized into a single utility index (1 = perfect health, 0 = death). To assess HRQoL differences by sexual orientation we constructed Tobit models for the EQ-5D index, and Poisson regression models for the EQ-5D dimensions. In both cases, nested models were constructed to assess the mediator role of selected variables. Results: After adjusting by socio-demographic variables, the LGB group presented a significantly lower EQ-5D index than heterosexuals, and higher prevalence ratios of problems in physical EQ-5D dimensions among both genders: adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.70 for mobility (p = 0.046) and 2.11 for usual activities (p = 0.019). Differences in mental dimensions were only observed among men: aPR = 3.15 for pain/discomfort (p = 0.003) and 2.49 for anxiety/depression (p = 0.030). All these differences by sexual orientation disappeared after adding chronic conditions and health-related behaviors in the models. Conclusion: The LGB population presented worse HRQoL than heterosexuals in the EQ-5D index and most dimensions. Chronic conditions, health-related behaviors and gender play a major role in explaining HRQoL differences by sexual orientation. These findings support the need of including sexual orientation into the global agenda of health inequities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Sexual identity, attraction and behaviour in Britain: The implications of using different dimensions of sexual orientation to estimate the size of sexual minority populations and inform public health interventions.
- Author
-
Geary, Rebecca S., Tanton, Clare, Erens, Bob, Clifton, Soazig, Prah, Philip, Wellings, Kaye, Mitchell, Kirstin R., Datta, Jessica, Gravningen, Kirsten, Fuller, Elizabeth, Johnson, Anne M., Sonnenberg, Pam, and Mercer, Catherine H.
- Subjects
SEXUAL orientation ,GENDER identity ,SEXUAL attraction ,SEXUAL minorities ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Background: Sexual orientation encompasses three dimensions: sexual identity, attraction and behaviour. There is increasing demand for data on sexual orientation to meet equality legislation, monitor potential inequalities and address public health needs. We present estimates of all three dimensions and their overlap in British men and women, and consider the implications for health services, research and the development and evaluation of public health interventions. Methods: Analyses of data from Britain’s third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, a probability sample survey (15,162 people aged 16–74 years) undertaken in 2010–2012. Findings: A lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB) identity was reported by 2·5% of men and 2·4% of women, whilst 6·5% of men and 11·5% of women reported any same-sex attraction and 5·5% of men and 6·1% of women reported ever experience of same-sex sex. This equates to approximately 547,000 men and 546,000 women aged 16–74 in Britain self-identifying as LGB and 1,204,000 men and 1,389,000 women ever having experience of same-sex sex. Of those reporting same-sex sex in the past 5 years, 28% of men and 45% of women identified as heterosexual. Interpretation: There is large variation in the size of sexual minority populations depending on the dimension applied, with implications for the design of epidemiological studies, targeting and monitoring of public health interventions and estimating population-based denominators. There is also substantial diversity on an individual level between identity, behaviour and attraction, adding to the complexity of delivering appropriate services and interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Building on Evidence : A Situational Analysis of the HIV Epidemic and Policy Response in Honduras
- Author
-
World Bank
- Subjects
MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION PREVENTION ,PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT ,NEW INFECTIONS ,DRUG USERS ,USE OF CONDOMS ,THERAPY ,PREVALENCE RATE ,VULNERABLE POPULATIONS ,YOUNG PEOPLE ,SEX WORKERS ,ADOLESCENTS ,CONGENITAL SYPHILIS ,MOTHER-TO-CHILD ,YOUNG ADULTS ,STREET CHILDREN ,PREVENTION EFFORTS ,MIGRANTS ,IMMUNODEFICIENCY ,PREVENTIVE ACTION ,ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ,HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS ,INFECTIOUS DISEASES ,AVERAGE AGE ,MODE OF TRANSMISSION ,SEX DISTRIBUTION ,STIS ,MOTHER ,SEXUAL ACTIVITY ,MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION ,RISK FACTORS ,TRANSMISSION RATES ,GONORRHEA ,AGED ,HEALTH CARE SERVICES ,NATIONAL AIDS ,VIOLENCE ,HIV INFECTIONS ,SERVICE DELIVERY ,BEHAVIORAL CHANGES ,PLAN OF ACTION ,ETHNIC GROUPS ,DIAGNOSIS ,MEDICAL SERVICES ,HEPATITIS ,ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ,RESPONSE TO AIDS ,NEEDLES ,PREVALENCE RATES ,PROGRESS ,HIV-AIDS ,BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS ,CONDOM ,VULNERABILITY ,MEDICINE ,MORTALITY ,HIV PREVENTION ,SURVEILLANCE DATA ,RISKY BEHAVIORS ,VICTIMS ,HUMAN RIGHTS ,IMPROVEMENTS IN POLICIES ,SOCIAL SECURITY ,SECRETARY OF HEALTH ,BISEXUALS ,GLOBAL HIV/AIDS ,PREVENTION OF MOTHER ,VULNERABLE GROUPS ,FEMALES ,PREGNANT WOMEN ,HOMOSEXUALS ,EPIDEMIC SPREADING ,HIV TESTING ,RISK STATUS ,PEER PRESSURE ,EPIDEMICS ,UNPROTECTED SEX ,ANTENATAL CARE ,ADULT PREVALENCE ,NATIONAL STRATEGY ,UNAIDS ,HIV POLICIES ,PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION ,HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ,VOLUNTARY COUNSELING ,RURAL RESIDENTS ,CONDOM USE ,INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS ,CONDOMS ,TREATMENT ,CHLAMYDIA ,SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS ,GENDER INEQUALITY ,TB ,YOUTH ,AIDS EPIDEMIC ,ETHNIC GROUP ,HEPATITIS B ,ORPHANS ,HEALTH SYSTEMS ,PEOPLE LIVING WITH AIDS ,PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS ,PRENATAL CARE ,SEX ,RESPECT ,NEW CASES ,INFECTION RATES ,NATIONAL AIDS COMMISSION ,GENDER EQUITY ,DIAGNOSES ,POLICY RESPONSE ,PUBLIC POLICY ,LESBIANS ,RISK OF INFECTION ,EPIDEMIC ,HIGH-RISK GROUPS ,VULNERABLE CHILDREN ,HERPES ,SEX INDUSTRY ,SEX WITH MEN ,TEEN ,VICTIMS OF ABUSE ,ABUSE ,HIV TRANSMISSION ,MORTALITY RATE ,REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH EDUCATION ,CLEAN NEEDLES ,AT RISK GROUPS ,HIV ,HIV-POSITIVE PEOPLE ,HIGH-RISK ,RISK POPULATIONS ,VISION ,DISCRIMINATION ,SEXUAL PARTNERSHIP ,PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY ,ANTIBODIES ,URBAN AREAS ,REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH - Abstract
This paper summarizes key findings of the epidemiological, response and policy synthesis analysis carried out in Honduras in 2007, as part of the preparation of the new national HIV/AIDS strategy, PENSIDA III, (National Strategic Plan to Fight HIV/AIDS - Plan Estrategico Nacional de Lucha Contra el VIH/SIDA) 2008-2012. It presents the most recent data on HIV prevalence, and the results of models that estimate sources of infection and likely patterns and trends in future prevalence. The paper also describes how these data and projections have been incorporated into the design of Honduras' response to the epidemic, grounding PENSIDA III's strategic direction in the data on the epidemic and response in Honduras, building and improving on previous experience.
- Published
- 2008
39. Social venue range and referral chain impact: Implications for the sampling of hidden communities.
- Author
-
Cornwell, Benjamin and Schneider, John A.
- Subjects
SOCIAL belonging ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,SOCIAL networks ,HIV prevention ,MEN who have sex with men ,MULTIVARIATE analysis - Abstract
Background: It has been argued that the success of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in generating unbiased estimates for epidemiologic outcomes depends on participants’ abilities to generate long referral chains. While this is thought to depend on the number of people participants know in the target population, this idea is rarely tested. Furthermore, little attention has been paid to the role of other aspects of social connectedness in recruitment, such as participants’ involvement in local clubs and venues. Methods: We examine whether the recruitment potential of young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) depends on (1) their social network size and (2) their affiliations with a variety of sex venues across geographic areas. We analyze data from a 2014 RDS study of 598 YBMSM on the south side of Chicago. Results: Both a participant’s personal network size and the number of different types of sex venues with which he was affiliated were significantly positively associated with (1) the total number of recruits in the participant’s prospective referral chains and (2) the lengths of those chains. However, only venue affiliation remain significantly associated with recruitment potential in the multivariate model. Conclusions: The success of RDS in generating valid samples may depend more on recruiting participants who are involved in multiple venues within the community (i.e., their affiliation networks) than on recruiting those who have large personal social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health services in the United States: Origins, evolution, and contemporary landscape.
- Author
-
Martos, Alexander J., Wilson, Patrick A., and Meyer, Ilan H.
- Subjects
HEALTH of LGBTQ+ people ,LGBTQ+ Americans ,HUMAN sexuality ,NONPROFIT organizations ,POPULATION density - Abstract
Background: LGBT community organizations in the United States have been providing health services since at least the 1970s. However, available explanations for the origins of LGBT health services do not sufficiently explain why health in particular has been so closely and consistently linked to LGBT activism. Little is also known regarding how LGBT health services may have evolved over time with the growing scientific understanding of LGBT health needs. Methods: This study begins with a review of the early intersections of sexuality and health that led to an LGBT health movement in the United States, as well as the evolution of LGBT health services over time. Informed by this, an asset map displaying the location and types of services provided by “LGBT community health centers” today in relation to the population density of LGBT people was explored. An online search of LGBT community health centers was conducted between September–December, 2015. Organizational details, including physical addresses and the services provided, were confirmed via an online database of federally-registered non-profit organizations and organizational websites. The locations and types of services provided were analyzed and presented alongside county-level census data of same-sex households using geographic information system (GIS) software ArcGIS for Desktop. Findings: LGBT community health centers are concentrated within urban hubs and coastal states, and are more likely to be present in areas with a high density of same-sex couples. LGBT community health centers do not operate in 13 states. The most common health services provided are wellness programs, HIV/STI services, and counseling services. Conclusions: LGBT community health centers have adapted over time to meet the needs of LGBT people. However, significant gaps in service remain in the United States, and LGBT community health centers may require significant transformations going forward in order to continue serving LGBT people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Are Outness and Community Involvement Risk or Protective Factors for Alcohol and Drug Abuse Among Sexual Minority Women?
- Author
-
Feinstein, Brian, Dyar, Christina, London, Bonita, and Feinstein, Brian A
- Subjects
LESBIANS' sexual behavior ,BISEXUAL people ,ALCOHOL & LGBTQ+ people ,DRUG abuse ,SEXUAL orientation - Abstract
Sexual minority women (SMW) are at increased risk for substance abuse compared to heterosexual women. Two psychosocial factors that have been implicated in SMW's substance abuse are outness and LGBT community involvement, but findings have been mixed as to whether these are risk or protective factors. One possible explanation is that they may have different consequences for subgroups of SMW (lesbians, bisexual women, and queer women). While being open about one's sexual orientation and involved in the community may be protective for lesbians, discrimination against bisexual women may lead these same factors to contribute to substance abuse for bisexual women. It is unclear how these associations will operate for queer women, given limited research on this subpopulation. The current study examined whether sexual identity moderated the associations between outness and community involvement with alcohol and drug abuse. We also examined whether perceived discrimination would help explain why these associations may be different for subgroups of SMW. A sample of 288 self-identified SMW (113 lesbians, 106 bisexual women, and 69 queer women) completed an online survey. Higher outness was associated with higher alcohol and drug abuse for bisexual women, but not for lesbians or queer women. Similarly, higher community involvement was associated with higher drug abuse for bisexual women, but not for lesbians or queer women. Among bisexual women, the association between community involvement and drug abuse was mediated by perceived discrimination. Further, the association between outness and drug abuse was mediated by both community involvement and perceived discrimination. Findings demonstrate that outness and community involvement function as risk factors for substance abuse for bisexual women, in part due to their associations with discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Methamphetamine treatment outcomes among gay men attending a LGBTI-specific treatment service in Sydney, Australia.
- Author
-
Lea, Toby, Kolstee, Johann, Lambert, Sarah, Ness, Ross, Hannan, Siobhan, and Holt, Martin
- Subjects
METHAMPHETAMINE ,GAY men ,BISEXUAL men ,TRANSGENDER identity ,HARM reduction ,HETEROSEXUALITY ,DISEASES ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Gay and bisexual men (GBM) report higher rates of methamphetamine use compared to heterosexual men, and thus have a heightened risk of developing problems from their use. We examined treatment outcomes among GBM clients receiving outpatient counseling at a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI)-specific, harm reduction treatment service in Sydney, Australia. GBM receiving treatment for methamphetamine use from ACON’s Substance Support Service between 2012–15 (n = 101) were interviewed at treatment commencement, and after 4 sessions (n = 60; follow-up 1) and 8 sessions (n = 32; follow-up 2). At each interview, clients completed measures of methamphetamine use and dependence, other substance use, injecting risk practices, psychological distress and quality of life. The median age of participants was 41 years and 56.4% identified as HIV-positive. Participants attended a median of 5 sessions and attended treatment for a median of 112 days. There was a significant reduction in the median days of methamphetamine use in the previous 4 weeks between baseline (4 days), follow-up 1 (2 days) and follow-up 2 (2 days; p = .001). There was a significant reduction in the proportion of participants reporting methamphetamine dependence between baseline (92.1%), follow-up 1 (78.3%) and follow-up 2 (71.9%, p < .001). There were also significant reductions in psychological distress (p < .001), and significant improvements in quality of life (p < .001). Clients showed reductions in methamphetamine use and improved psychosocial functioning over time, demonstrating the potential effectiveness of a LGBTI-specific treatment service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Attitudes toward Bisexual Men and Women among a Nationally Representative Probability Sample of Adults in the United States.
- Author
-
Dodge, Brian, Herbenick, Debby, Friedman, M. Reuel, Schick, Vanessa, Fu, Tsung-Chieh (Jane), Bostwick, Wendy, Bartelt, Elizabeth, Muñoz-Laboy, Miguel, Pletta, David, Reece, Michael, and Sandfort, Theo G. M.
- Subjects
ATTITUDES toward bisexuality ,HEALTH equity ,HETEROSEXUALITY ,SOCIAL attitudes ,ADULT attitudes - Abstract
As bisexual individuals in the United States (U.S.) face significant health disparities, researchers have posited that these differences may be fueled, at least in part, by negative attitudes, prejudice, stigma, and discrimination toward bisexual individuals from heterosexual and gay/lesbian individuals. Previous studies of individual and social attitudes toward bisexual men and women have been conducted almost exclusively with convenience samples, with limited generalizability to the broader U.S. population. Our study provides an assessment of attitudes toward bisexual men and women among a nationally representative probability sample of heterosexual, gay, lesbian, and other-identified adults in the U.S. Data were collected from the 2015 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior (NSSHB), via an online questionnaire with a probability sample of adults (18 years and over) from throughout the U.S. We included two modified 5-item versions of the Bisexualities: Indiana Attitudes Scale (BIAS), validated sub-scales that were developed to measure attitudes toward bisexual men and women. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, gamma regression, and paired t-tests. Gender, sexual identity, age, race/ethnicity, income, and educational attainment were all significantly associated with participants' attitudes toward bisexual individuals. In terms of responses to individual scale items, participants were most likely to “neither agree nor disagree” with all attitudinal statements. Across sexual identities, self-identified other participants reported the most positive attitudes, while heterosexual male participants reported the least positive attitudes. As in previous research on convenience samples, we found a wide range of demographic characteristics were related with attitudes toward bisexual individuals in our nationally-representative study of heterosexual, gay/lesbian, and other-identified adults in the U.S. In particular, gender emerged as a significant characteristic; female participants’ attitudes were more positive than male participants’ attitudes, and all participants’ attitudes were generally more positive toward bisexual women than bisexual men. While recent population data suggest a marked shift in more positive attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women in the general population of the U.S., the largest proportions of participants in our study reported a relative lack of agreement or disagreement with all affective-evaluative statements in the BIAS scales. Findings document the relative lack of positive attitudes toward bisexual individuals among the general population of adults in the U.S. and highlight the need for developing intervention approaches to promote more positive attitudes toward bisexual individuals, targeted toward not only heterosexual but also gay/lesbian individuals and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Anticipated Notification of Sexual Partners following STD Diagnosis among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Lima, Peru: A Mixed Methods Analysis.
- Author
-
Clark, Jesse L., Perez-Brumer, Amaya G., Segura, Eddy R., Salvatierra, Hector J., Sanchez, Jorge, and Lama, Javier R.
- Subjects
SEXUAL partners ,MEN who have sex with men ,TRANSGENDER people ,GENERALIZED estimating equations - Abstract
Background: New strategies to support partner notification (PN) are critical for STD control and require detailed understanding of how specific individual and partnership characteristics guide notification decisions. Methods: From 2011 to 2012, 397 MSM and TW recently diagnosed with HIV, syphilis, or another STD completed a survey on anticipated notification of recent sexual partners and associated factors. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a subset of participants to provide further depth to quantitative findings. Prevalence ratios and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to analyze participant- and partner-level factors associated with anticipated PN. Results: Among all partners reported, 52.5% were described as “Very Likely” or “Somewhat Likely” to be notified. Anticipated notification was more likely for main partners than casual (adjusted Prevalence Ratio [aPR], 95% CI: 0.63, 0.54–0.75) or commercial (aPR, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.31–0.62) partners. Other factors associated with likely notification included perception of the partner as an STD source (aPR, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.10–1.48) and anticipated future sexual contact with the partner (aPR, 95% CI: 1.30, 1.11–1.52). An HIV diagnosis was associated with a lower likelihood of notification than non-HIV STDs (aPR: 0.68, 0.55–0.86). Qualitative discussion of the barriers and incentives to PN reflected a similar differentiation of anticipated notification according to partnership type and type of HIV/STD diagnosis. Discussion: Detailed attention to how partnership characteristics guide notification outcomes is essential to the development of new PN strategies. By accurately and thoroughly assessing the diversity of partnership interactions among individuals with HIV/STD, new notification techniques can be tailored to partner-specific circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Identification and Attitudes to Same-sex Relationships in Australia and the United States
- Author
-
Wilson, Shaun
- Published
- 2004
46. Perceived Discrimination Is an Independent Risk Factor for Suicidal Ideation among Sexual and Gender Minorities in Nepal.
- Author
-
Kohlbrenner, Verena, Deuba, Keshab, Karki, Deepak Kumar, and Marrone, Gaetano
- Subjects
SUICIDAL ideation ,SEXUAL minorities ,MIDDLE-income countries ,TRANSGENDER people ,SEXUAL orientation - Abstract
Sexual and gender minorities experience an elevated burden of suicidality compared with the general population. Still, little is known about that burden and the factors generating it in the context of low- and middle-income countries. The present study assessed the prevalence of suicidal ideation, planned suicide, and attempted suicide among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender people (TG) in Nepal, and examined the association of perceived discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation with suicidal ideation and with attempted suicide. Data were obtained from a surveillance survey among MSM and TG in Nepal in 2012. A sample of 400 MSM and TG, recruited using respondent-driven sampling, completed a structured face-to-face interview. Throughout their lifetime, 26.8% of the participants had experienced suicidal ideation, 12.0% had made a suicide plan, and 9.0% had attempted suicide. In particular, more TG than MSM had experienced suicidal ideation (39.8% vs. 21.3%), had made a suicide plan (19.5% vs. 8.9%), and had attempted suicide (15.3% vs. 6.4%). Overall, the odds of having experienced suicidal ideation was significantly higher among the 38.3% of participants who had perceived discrimination based on their sexual orientation (AOR: 3.17; 95% CI: 1.83–5.48). Moreover, the odds of suicidal ideation was significantly higher as the extent of perceived discrimination increased (AOR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.15–1.60). However, the odds of attempted suicide was not significantly associated with perceived discrimination (AOR: 1.40; 95% CI: 0.62–3.15). The findings highlight perceived discrimination as an independent risk factor for suicidal ideation. Future suicide prevention programs should target sexual and gender minorities and include elements focusing on discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Comparison of Respondent Driven Sampling Estimators to Determine HIV Prevalence and Population Characteristics among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Moscow, Russia.
- Author
-
Wirtz, Andrea L., Mehta, Shruti H., Latkin, Carl, Zelaya, Carla E., Galai, Noya, Peryshkina, Alena, Mogilnyi, Vladimir, Dzhigun, Petr, Kostetskaya, Irina, and Beyrer, Chris
- Subjects
HIV infections ,MEN who have sex with men ,DISEASE prevalence ,STATISTICAL sampling ,HEALTH - Abstract
Analytically distinct estimators have been proposed for the calculation of population-based estimates derived from respondent-driven sampling (RDS), yet there have been few comparisons of the inferences from these estimators using empirical data. We compared estimates produced by unweighted analysis used to calculate sample proportions and by three available estimators that are used to calculate population proportions, RDS-I, RDS-II (Volz-Heckathorn), and Gile’s RDS-SS. Data were derived from a cross-sectional, RDS study of men who have sex with men (MSM) conducted from October 2010 to April 2013 in Moscow, Russia (N = 1,376, recruitment depth: 31 waves). Analyses investigated the influence of key parameters: recruitment depth, homophily, and network size on sample and population estimates. Variability in results produced by the estimators and recruitment depth were statistically compared using the coefficient of variation (CV). Sample proportions had the least variability across different recruitment depths, compared to the RDS estimators. Population estimates tended to differ at lower recruitment depth but were approximately equal after reaching sampling equilibrium, highlighting the importance of sampling to greater recruitment depth. All estimators incorporate inverse probability weighting using self-reported network size, explaining the similarities in across population estimates and the difference of these estimates relative to sample proportions. Current biases and limitations associated with RDS estimators are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Identifying Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Search Terminology: A Systematic Review of Health Systematic Reviews.
- Author
-
Lee, Joseph G. L., Ylioja, Thomas, and Lackey, Mellanye
- Subjects
HEALTH of LGBTQ+ people ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PLETHORA (Pathology) ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL records ,BIOLOGICAL terminology - Abstract
Research on the health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations can provide important information to address existing health inequalities. Finding existing research in LGBT health can prove challenging due to the plethora of terminology used. We sought to describe existing search strategies and to identify more comprehensive LGBT search terminology. We iteratively created a search string to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses about LGBT health and implemented it in Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases on May 28–29, 2015. We hand-searched the journal LGBT Health. Inclusion criteria were: systematic reviews and meta-analyses that addressed LGBT health, used systematic searching, and used independent coders for inclusion. The published search terminology in each record and search strings provided by authors on request were cross-referenced with our original search to identify additional terminology. Our search process identified 19 systematic reviews meeting inclusion criteria. The number of search terms used to identify LGBT-related records ranged from 1 to 31. From the included studies, we identified 46 new search terms related to LGBT health. We removed five search terms as inappropriate and added five search terms used in the field. The resulting search string included 82 terms. There is room to improve the quality of searching and reporting in LGBT health systematic reviews. Future work should attempt to enhance the positive predictive value of LGBT health searches. Our findings can assist LGBT health reviewers in capturing the diversity of LGBT terminology when searching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Condomless Vaginal Intercourse and Its Associates among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China.
- Author
-
Shen, Hongcheng, Tang, Songyuan, Mahapatra, Tanmay, Tucker, Joseph D., Huang, Shujie, Yang, Bin, Zhao, Jinkou, Detels, Roger, and Tang, Weiming
- Subjects
UNSAFE sex ,SEXUAL intercourse ,MEN who have sex with men ,HIV prevention ,CHINESE people ,DISEASES - Abstract
Background: HIV prevalence has increased rapidly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China reaching alarmingly high levels in some cities. Bisexual MSM have potential to transmit HIV and syphilis to their female partners through condomless vaginal intercourse (CVI). Thus, estimation of the burden of CVI and identification of its associates seemed necessary to control this cross-gender transmission. Method: In a cross-sectional study, using respondent-driven-sampling and snowball sampling, 2958 MSM were recruited from seven Chinese cities, interviewed and tested for HIV and syphilis. Descriptive analysis of the socio-demographic and behaviors followed by simple and multiple logistic regressions [adjusted for income, city, race and social network size to determine adjusted odds ratio (aOR)] were performed using SAS-9.1. Results: Among participating MSM, 19.03% were engaged in CVI. Prevalence of HIV and syphilis among participants involved in CVI were 5.86% and 14.74% respectively. MSM who were older [aOR for aged 40–49 = 2.60 (95% CI: 1.54–4.37)], married [aOR = 6.13 (4.95–7.58)], attended primary school or below [aOR = 3.86 (2.26–6.69)], met male partners at spa/bathhouse/sauna/massage parlor [aOR = 3.52 (2.62–4.72)] and had heterosexual orientation [aOR = 13.81 (7.14–26.70)] were more likely to have CVI. Furthermore, correct knowledge regarding HIV [aOR = 0.70 (0.55, 0.88)] and exposure to HIV prevention interventions [aOR = 0.67 (0.54, 0.82)] were negatively associated with CVI. Conclusions: CVI was found to be common among MSM in China. To minimize the transmission of HIV and syphilis from bisexual MSM to their relatively female partners, targeted interventions should specifically focus on bisexual MSM especially the older and married subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Effects of Minority Stress, Group-Level Coping, and Social Support on Mental Health of German Gay Men.
- Author
-
Sattler, Frank A., Wagner, Ulrich, and Christiansen, Hanna
- Subjects
MINORITY stress ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,SOCIAL support ,MENTAL health of gay men ,GERMANS ,PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Objective: According to epidemiological studies, gay men are at a higher risk of mental disorders than heterosexual men. In the current study, the minority stress theory was investigated in German gay men: 1) it was hypothesized that minority stressors would positively predict mental health problems and that 2) group-level coping and social support variables would moderate these predictions negatively. Methods: Data from 1,188 German self-identified gay men were collected online. The questionnaire included items about socio-demographics, minority stress (victimization, rejection sensitivity, and internalized homonegativity), group-level coping (disclosure of sexual orientation, homopositivity, gay affirmation, gay rights support, and gay rights activism), and social support (gay social support and non-gay social support). A moderated multiple regression was conducted. Results: Minority stressors positively predicted mental health problems. Group-level coping did not interact with minority stressors, with the exception of disclosure and homopositivity interacting marginally with some minority stressors. Further, only two interactions were found for social support variables and minority stress, one of them marginal. Gay and non-gay social support inversely predicted mental health problems. In addition, disclosure and homopositivity marginally predicted mental health problems. Conclusions: The findings imply that the minority stress theory should be modified. Disclosure does not have a relevant effect on mental health, while social support variables directly influence mental health of gay men. Group-level coping does not interact with minority stressors relevantly, and only one relevant interaction between social support and minority stress was found. Further longitudinal or experimental replication is needed before transferring the results to mental health interventions and prevention strategies for gay men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.