The four principles of biomedical ethics are widely used in the world for bioethical deliberation. Therefore, it is understood that these theoretical guides are useful for the analysis and resolution of particularly complex ethical controversies arising in clinical and biomedical fields. This paper unfolds an analysis of the basic universal principles, the common universal morality, and some features of each principle. Then it discusses some problems posed by critics of European biolaw who have provided alternative frameworks of principles that are nonuniversal to culture. Finally, it shows how universal moral principles are connected to human rights, how rules and rights are specified to become detailed and practical for certain moralities, and how these ideas are connected with problems of justification in bioethics and biolaw. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
CIVIL rights, HUMAN rights, HUMAN beings, FAT, ETHICS, CULTURAL relativism
Abstract
Copyright of Philosophy of Law & General Theory of Law / Filosofia Prava i Zagal'na Teoria Prava is the property of Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
UNIVERSALISM (Theology), CULTURAL relativism, SOCIAL services, WORK ethic, WORK values, HUMAN rights, MULTICULTURALISM, CULTURE & globalization, SOCIAL workers, PROFESSIONAL ethics
Abstract
Copyright of International Social Work is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
CULTURAL relativism, RELATIVITY, THEORY of knowledge, ETHNOPSYCHOLOGY, HUMAN rights, CULTURE, CULTURAL capital, ETHICS, OTHER (Philosophy)
Abstract
This chapter explores a certain line of critical analysis according to which one can proceed to undermine the claim that judgments approving freedom, and standards upholding human rights, are culturally relativistic and cannot possibly have any universal validity. This exploration begins with a scrutiny of common assumptions about the nature of culture itself. The author tries to demonstrate that common misunderstandings of culture have provided ammunition to cultural relativists. Seeking clarity helps strengthen the philosophical objections to normative cultural relativism. The author refers to such a line of analysis as the “cultural critique of cultural relativism.” [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]