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2. 'The Paper Is White': Examining Diversity Issues with the Next Generation of Journalists
- Author
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Finneman, Teri, Hendricks, Marina A., and Bobkowski, Piotr S.
- Abstract
Although the lack of diversity in newsrooms and reporting remains a serious issue in the journalism industry, college journalism education and student media provide a critical opportunity for change. Yet prior research has found notable diversity gaps in both. This study analyzed the state of diversity at a Midwestern university student newspaper and found significant gaps in coverage of diverse populations. The findings suggest the need for more comprehensive diversity education within the college classroom and campus media advising. This is important not only for more representative student media, but also for the future of journalism.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. U.S. Student Media Associations' Mission Statements Provide Discursive Leadership in Support of Civic Culture
- Author
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Vogts, Todd R.
- Abstract
As political division and polarization continually increases in the United States, civic knowledge faces decline. Journalism education provides a potential remedy for these democracy-endangering harms by imparting valuable instruction regarding civics and the role of the media in society. However, with no standardization in the country, individual educators and school districts largely must develop their own curricula. Luckily, student media associations provide support and leadership to student media programs, which is articulated through their mission statements. Filling a gap in the existing research, this study conducted a thematic analysis and found discursive leadership within the mission statements of such associations.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Roles and Implications of Paper Media in Early Stage of Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in China.
- Author
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Li M, Guo Y, and Weng PF
- Subjects
- China, Humans, Western World, Integrative Medicine trends, Mass Media, Medicine, Chinese Traditional trends, Newspapers as Topic
- Abstract
Paper media including the People's Daily, Guangming Daily, Health News and Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine were the main media that spread the thought and policy of integrative medicine (IM) in the early stage of the integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) in China. Issues including paper media and its roles for spreading IM, from "TCM learning from WM" to "WM learning from TCM", advocating integration of TCM and WM, promoting IM through multiple channels were analyzed in this article, so as to show the propagation process of IM in China and the roles of the paper media. It was shown that strengthening the propaganda of IM through mainstream media, strengthening media convergence and the role of new media are important in spreading the thought of IM.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The Content Analysis of the News in the National Papers Concerning the Renewed Primary Curriculum
- Author
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Tasdemir, Adem and Kus, Zafer
- Abstract
The news in the national papers has an important role to inform the people about the content of new primary school curriculum. This study investigated the way of function with the comparison of the studies in the literature. The news concerning the renewed curriculum appearing in the national media in the period between 2004 and 2007 was obtained through document analysis and were compared to scientific studies in terms of consistency. For our purposes, 484 news articles and columns from 14 newspapers which were grouped into 3 categories were examined through document analysis. Consequently, it was found that the highest rate was in the year 2004 and that the rate of concepts decreased as the years passed by. The information on the novel curriculum was brief statements made by officials and was in the form of headings in the early years; yet in the following years such knowledge as the philosophy of the curriculum, its being student-centred as well as details of measurement and evaluation was presented. In the literature, findings related with inadequacy and content/ design categories were seen taking place heavily.
- Published
- 2011
6. WASP (Write a Scientific Paper): Writing for the media.
- Author
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Cuschieri S, Grech V, and Savona-Ventura C
- Subjects
- Humans, Mass Media, Medical Writing
- Abstract
Writing for the media is a task faced by many professionals at some point during their academic or clinical life. The style and purpose of writing for the media is strikingly different from that of an academic manuscript. When writing for the media, the author presents information and persuades the mass audience about a particular topic or issue. The author needs to bear in mind that information sent out to the media will make today's story but will be yesterday's news, so time is of the essence. The format of newswriting follows an inverted pyramid structure with the most important message taking center stage at the beginning of the article followed by any additional messages. The use of graphics enhances the message. While embracing the concept of modesty, the author needs to present the newsworthy information in a complete, accurate, efficient and precise manner., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The Long-Term Impact of High School Civics Curricula on Political Knowledge, Democratic Attitudes and Civic Behaviors: A Multi-Level Model of Direct and Mediated Effects through Communication. CIRCLE Working Paper #65
- Author
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CIRCLE (The Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement), Hutchens, Myiah J., and Eveland, William P.
- Abstract
This report examines the effects of exposure to various elements of a civics curriculum on civic participation, two forms of political knowledge, internal political efficacy, political cynicism, news elaboration, discussion elaboration and various forms of interpersonal and mediated political communication behaviors. The data are based on a longitudinal study of high school students in a challenged large urban school district in Ohio. Two approaches to instruction are contrasted: stimulating political communication by discussing media sources and engaging in political debate; and rote learning of traditional civics content. Both approaches correlated "negatively" with civic outcomes, but there could be several interpretations of that correlation. Fifteen appendices are included: (1) Correlation Table for Dependent, Mediating and Control Variables; (2) Summary of Intraclass Correlations (ICC) and Significance of Level of Variance Accounted for in Random Effects (Empty) HLM Models; (3) School Contextual Model for Factual Political Knowledge; (4) School Contextual Model for Civic Participation; (5) School Contextual Model for Cynicism; (6) Classroom Environment Contextual Model for Newspaper Use; (7) Classroom Environment Contextual Model for Factual Political Knowledge; (8) Classroom Environment Contextual Model for Knowledge Structure Density; (9) Classroom Environment Contextual Model for Civic Participation; (10) Classroom Environment Contextual Model for Cynicism; (11) Course Contextual Model for Newspaper Use; (12) Course Contextual Model for Discussion Frequency; (13) Course Contextual Model for Factual Political Knowledge; (14) Course Contextual Model for Civic Participation; and (15) Course Contextual Model for Discussion Elaboration. (Contains 3 figures, 2 tables and 3 footnotes.)
- Published
- 2009
8. Adolescent Development of Trust. CIRCLE Working Paper 61
- Author
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CIRCLE (The Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement), Flanagan, Connie, and Gallay, Leslie
- Abstract
The purpose of this project was to gain a better understanding of dimensions of trust and inter-relationships between those dimensions during the adolescent years. Drawing from survey data collected at the beginning and end of a semester in eighty middle- and high-school social studies classes, relationships were assessed between: social trust, trust in elected officials, trust in the responsiveness of government to ordinary people, trust in the American promise, and trustworthiness of the media. The study was designed as a randomized evaluation of a civics curriculum called Student Voices in the Campaign, with data gathered from two waves of surveys with 1,670 students ages 12-19 during the fall of 2004. Students from ethnic minority backgrounds were less likely than their ethnic majority peers to trust elected officials or people in general or to believe that the government was interested in ordinary people. However, ethnic minority students were not less likely to believe in the general tenets of that all people, regardless of background, had an equal opportunity to succeed in America. Controlling for social class, age, and ethnicity, adolescents' trust in the American promise and their civic commitments were found to be significantly predicted by the youths' proximate experiences of social inclusion in their communities and, particularly for ethnic minority students) by their reports that teachers practiced a democratic ethos at school. (Contains 9 tables.)
- Published
- 2008
9. HIV/AIDS: What about Very Young Children? Working Papers in Early Childhood Development. Young Children and HIV/AIDS Sub-Series, No. 35
- Author
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Bernard Van Leer Foundation (Netherlands) and Dunn, Alison
- Abstract
The research reviewed and the current responses identified in this paper show that at local, national and international levels there are gaps in programming and policy to engage ideas and mobilise resources to address the needs and experiences of very young children infected/affected by HIV and AIDS. Chapter one identifies some key areas where the lives of very young children are affected by the pandemic. Chapter two reveals that HIV and AIDS and early childhood development (ECD) programming has shown a limited response so far. Finally, in Chapter three, conclusions are drawn that indicate that services are required urgently to support very young children both directly and through the families and communities in which they live. (Lists 9 resources and 11 online resources.)
- Published
- 2005
10. Papers from the Linguistics Laboratory. Working Papers in Linguistics, No. 50.
- Author
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Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Dept. of Linguistics., Ainsworth-Darnell, Kim, D'Imperio, Mariapaola, Ainsworth-Darnell, Kim, D'Imperio, Mariapaola, and Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Dept. of Linguistics.
- Abstract
Research reports included in this volume of working papers in linguistics are: "Perception of Consonant Clusters and Variable Gap Time" (Mike Cahill); "Near-Merger in Russian Palatalization" (Erin Diehm, Keith Johnson); "Breadth of Focus, Modality, and Prominence Perception in Neapolitan Italian" (Mariapaola D'Imperio); "The Northern Cities Shift in the Heartland? A Study of Radio Speech in Columbus, Ohio" (Steve Hartman Keiser, Frans Hinskens, Bettina Migge, Elizabeth A. Strand); "Syntactically-Governed Accentuation in Balinese" (Rebecca Herman); "The Auditory-Perceptual Basis for Speech Segmentation" (Keith Johnson); Production and Perception of Individual Speaking Styles" (Keith Johnson, Mary E. Beckman); "Japanese ToBI Labelling Guidelines" (Jennifer J. Venditti); and "A Cross-Linguistic Study of Diphthongs in Spoken Word Processing in Japanese and English" (Kiyoko Yoneyama). Individual papers contain references. (MSE)
- Published
- 1997
11. Information Rich but Knowledge Poor? Emerging Issues for Schools and Libraries Worldwide. Research and Professional Papers Presented at the Annual Conference of the International Association of School Librarianship Held in Conjunction with the Association for Teacher-Librarianship in Canada (26th, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, July 6-11, 1997).
- Author
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International Association of School Librarianship, Seattle, WA., Lighthall, Lynne, and Haycock, Ken
- Abstract
Papers presented at this conference were grouped under the following seven broad themes: "Thinking Skills: The Bridge Between Data and Knowledge"; "From Today to Tomorrow: Bridging the Future"; "Cultural Understanding: Bridging Diverse Culture"; "Cultural Expression: Creating Bridges of Meaning"; "Access to Information: Narrowing the Gap"; "Mass Media: Spanning the Globe"; and "Summation." Titles and authors of the thirty papers presented are as follows: (1) "Attitudes of Youth toward Reading before and after a Motivational Project" (Shirley A. Fitzgibbons); (2) "Critical Thinking: Tools for Internet Information Evaluation" (Mary Ann Fitzgerald); (3) "High School to University: What Skills Do Students Need?" (Eileen Daniel); (4) "Information Skills: The Reflections and Perceptions of Student Teachers and Related Professionals" (Kay Wilson); (5) "Integrating Information Technology into and across the Curriculum: A Short Course for Secondary Students" (Eleanor B. Howe); (6) "An Interdisciplinary Model for Assessing Learning" (Robert Grover, Jacqueline McMahon Lakin, and Jane Dickerson); (7) "Meeting Drug Information Needs of Adolescents" (Ross Todd); (8) "Living and Learning in the Global Village" (Gene Burdenuk); (9) "Evolution and Revolution in School Library Practice" (Suzette Boyd); (10) "Information Literacy: Teacher's Perspectives of the Information Process" (Judy O'Connell and James Henri); (11) "The Impact of a Technology-Rich Environment" (Dania B. Meghabghab and Catherine Price); (12) "It's the Same the Whole World Over: Bridging the Gap in New Zealand" (Elizabeth Probert and John Fowler); (13) "Library Power as a Vehicle for the Evolution of Change" (Shirley A. Tastad and Julie Talman); (14) "Not Extinct! School Libraries for Learning and Leadership" (Kay Ellen Hones); (15) "Our Patch vs. Their Patch: Information Technology and Literacy in Schools" (Barbara Yates); (16) "A Reality Check: The Challenges of Implementing Information Power in School Library Media Programs" (Cheryl Ann McCarthy); (17) "Teacher-Librarians in Learning Organizations" (Jean Brown and Bruce Sheppard); (18) "We've Done Research, Now What? Multimedia Authoring as a Report Tool" (Michelle Larose-Kuzenko); (19) "Accepting Tolerance and Diversity" (Madeleine Hoss and Roslyn Wylie); (20) "Best Children's Picture Books from Abroad: Valuing Other Cultures" (Maureen White); (21) "Information for All: Resource Generation and Information Repackaging in Nigerian Schools" (Virginia W. Dike and Nancy Amucheazi); (22) "The Impact of the Prince Edward Island School Library Policy on the Development of School Library Programs Across Prince Edward Island" (Ray Doiron and Judy Davies); (23) "Libraries and Reading Habits Among Elementary School Children: The Concept of the Classroom Collection" (Snunith Shoham); (24) "Providing Potential for Progress: Learning Support for Students with Special Educational Needs" (Margaret Kinnell Evans and Peggy Heeks); (25) "The Relationship of School Materials and Resources to Reading Literacy: An International Perspective" (Victor Froese); (26) "The School Librarian as Internet Mediator: A Case Study and Evaluation" (James Herring); (27) "Planning for Action: Turning Meaningful Data into Programs and Promotion" (Eleanor Howe, Jack Stack, and Marcia Rettig-Seitam) (28) "Teacher-Librarian? What's in a Name? Making Meaning from Metaphor" (James Henri); (29) "Delphi Studies: The Value of Expert Opinion Bridging the Gap--Data to Knowledge" (Arthur Wizenried); (30) "The Information Literacy Movement of the School Library Media Field: A Preliminary Summary of the Research" (David V. Loertscher and Blanche Woolls). (SWC)
- Published
- 1997
12. Edinburgh Working Papers in Applied Linguistics, 1997.
- Author
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Edinburgh Univ. (Scotland). Dept. of Linguistics., Mitchell, Keith, and Parkinson, Brian
- Abstract
Papers on applied linguistics and language pedagogy include: "A Genre Analysis Study of 80 Medical Abstracts" (Kenneth Anderson, Joan Maclean); "Oral Classroom Testing in an Adult French Community Class" (Sheena Davies, Aileen Irvine, Jacqueline Larrieu); "Whose Relevance? Interpretation of Hybrid Texts by a Multiple Audience" (Katalin Egri Ku-Mesu); "Talking the Test: Using Verbal Report Data in Looking at the Process of Cloze Tasks" (Bob Gibson); "Managing Distances: Discourse Strategies of a TV Talk Show Host" (Fumi Morizumi); "Lexical Processing in Uneven Bilinguals: An Exploration of Spanish-English Activation in Form and Meaning" (Carmen Santos Maldonado); and "Japanese Learners' Acquisition and Use of the English Article System" (Toshiaki Takahashi). (MSE)
- Published
- 1997
13. Media Guidelines for Reporting on Suicide: 2017 Update of the Canadian Psychiatric Association Policy Paper.
- Author
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Sinyor M, Schaffer A, Heisel MJ, Picard A, Adamson G, Cheung CP, Katz LY, Jetly R, and Sareen J
- Subjects
- Canada, Humans, Guidelines as Topic standards, Mass Media standards, Psychiatry standards, Societies, Medical standards, Suicide
- Abstract
This paper has been substantially revised by the Canadian Psychiatric Association's Research Committee and approved for republication by the CPA's Board of Directors on May 3, 2017. The original policy paper
1 was developed by the Scientific and Research Affairs Standing Committee and approved by the Board of Directors on November 10, 2008.- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Digital Broadcasting and the Public Interest. Reports and Papers of the Aspen Institute Communications and Society Program.
- Author
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Aspen Inst., Washington, DC., Firestone, Charles M., Garmer, Amy Korzick, Firestone, Charles M., Garmer, Amy Korzick, and Aspen Inst., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
This publication is the result of a series of meetings convened to explore options for broadcast regulation in the digital era. The report offers a crucial context for these issues and aims to contribute to a greater understanding of the legal, constitutional, economic, political, and other issues surrounding the debate. The first section deals with law and policy and contains the following reports and papers: "Toward a New Approach to Public Interest Regulation of Digital Broadcasting" (Angela Campbell); "Public Interest Obligations of Broadcasters in the Digital Era: Law and Policy" (Henry Geller); "Government-Created Scarcity: Thinking about Broadcast Regulation and the First Amendment" (Tracy Westen); "Self-Regulation and the Public Interest" (Robert Corn-Revere); "On Hooks and Ladders" (Monroe E. Price); and "'Red Lion' and the Constitutionality of Regulation: A Conversation among the Justices" (Monroe E. Price). The second section covers economics and implementation: "Achieving the Public Interest in an Era of Abundance" (Forrest P. Chisman); "Broadcasting Policy in the Digital Age" (Andrew Graham); "A Structure and Efficiency Approach to Reforming Access and Content Policy" (Steven S. Wildman and D. Karen Frazer); "Implementation of 'Pay' Models and the Existing Public Trustee Model in the Digital Broadcast Era" (Henry Geller); and "Casting a Broader Net: The Obligations of 'Digital Broadcasters' in a Changing Media Environment" (Andrew L. Shapiro). The last section focuses on political broadcasting: "Enhancing Political Discourse: Proposals for Political Programming in the Digital Era" (Anthony Corrado); "The Public Interest and Digital Broadcasting: Options for Political Programming" (Anthony Corrado); and "A Proposal: Media Access for All Candidates and Ballot Measures" (Tracy Westen). A list of participants is appended. (DLS)
- Published
- 1998
15. Literacy in Contemporary English Society. Occasional Paper, 21.
- Author
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Southampton Univ. (England). Centre for Language Education. and Talbot, Jane
- Abstract
For thousands of years the craft of reading and writing was the closely guarded monopoly of small elites. Only relatively recently has literacy become available to most people in developed nations. Historical surveys of literacy have used a wide range of definitions of the skills involved, one of the more important of which views reading as a system of decoding written symbols into spoken language. As for the levels of literacy, the media makes new claims all too frequently suggesting that reading and writing abilities are dropping. Consider, however, society's increasing demands on the reading ability of its public. Further, the accelerating advance of technology that has occurred in the latter part of the 20th century can be seen to be partly the result of advanced levels of education and literacy. The organization of society can thus be seen as completely literacy-dependent, and it is up to the schools to "bestow" literacy upon the populace. Unfortunately, for many the process of being educated is not a happy one, and many children do emerge at 16 inadequately literate, and ill-prepared for life. There are some children who arrive at school with more factors that will facilitate the relatively easy transition to literacy than others. There are no doubt some failings in the system. One such failing is that the educational system of England makes little allowance for the varied pace of development of children. (Contains 17 references.) (TB)
- Published
- 1994
16. New Communication Technologies: A Challenge for Press Freedom. No. 106. Reports and Papers on Mass Communication.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France)., Sparks, Colin, Sparks, Colin, and United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France).
- Abstract
This volume enlarges upon questions concerning censorship and self-censorship and provides case studies as well as theoretical reflection on the relationship between new technology and media freedom. The seven essays included in this collection deal with two central contemporary problems of the mass media--freedom and democracy. The papers are: "Exit the Censor, Enter the Regulator" (Leonard R. Sussman); "Impact of New Information and Communication Technologies on Information Diversity in North America and Western Europe" (Nicholas Garnham); "The Impact of Electronic Mass Media in Sweden" (Charly Hulten); "Video-Cassette Recorders in Ghana: Impact on Press Freedom in Sub-Saharan Africa" (S. T. Kwame Boafo); "New Communication Technologies and Information Freedom in Latin America" (Rafael Roncagliolo); "New Communication Technologies and Press Freedom: A Chilean Case Study" (Fernando Reyes Matta); and "The Media as Fourth Estate: A Survey of Journalism Educators' Views" (Colin Sparks and Slavko Splichal). The first three papers are concerned with the larger picture and the larger media; the second three are concerned with the "marginal" rather than the dominant media; and the final paper deals with some of the problems of the media and democracy in terms of their staff and resources. (TMK)
- Published
- 1991
17. Media coverage and pandemic behavior: Evidence from Sweden.
- Author
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Garz M and Zhuang M
- Subjects
- Humans, Sweden, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Newspapers as Topic, Public Health, Workplace, COVID-19 epidemiology, Mass Media
- Abstract
We study the effect of media coverage on individual behavior during a public health crisis. For this purpose, we collect a unique dataset of 200,000 newspaper articles about the Covid-19 pandemic from Sweden-one of the few countries that did not impose lockdowns or curfews. We show that mentions of Covid-19 significantly lowered the number of visits to workplaces and retail and recreation areas, while increasing the duration of stays in residential locations. Using two different identification strategies, we show that these effects are causal. The impacts are largest when Covid-19 news stories are more locally relevant, more visible and more factual. We find larger behavioral effects for articles that reference crisis managers (as opposed to medical experts) and contain explicit public health advice. These results have wider implications for the design of public communications and the value of the local media., (© 2024 The Authors. Health Economics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Mediating the Tree: Infrastructures of Pulp and Paper Modernity in The Bowater Papers.
- Author
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Kaminska, Aleksandra and Ruiz, Rafico
- Subjects
- *
PAPER products , *BUILDING papers , *MEDIA studies , *COMMUNICATION , *MASS media - Abstract
Background: Through a close reading of the four issues of The Bowater Papers, this article aims to understand the rise of a paper modernity and to reinsert it--as material and infrastructure-- into media studies. Analysis: Producing wood paper is a strain on the landscape and the environment. The Bowater Papers showcases the histories and material possibilities of paper media products. A paper-dependent modernity can be understood as an infrastructural assemblage of harvesting, production, circulation, and consumption. Conclusion and implications: Paper calls for a natural history and geography of media. Thinking about the mediations from tree to paper through the encompassing notion of "xylomedia" is a way of articulating the intersection of the material, environmental, and infrastructural in media studies. Today is still a paper world, one that is also the age of lignin, package, and Amazon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Merton and Lazarsfeld: Collaboration on Communication Research—Two Papers, Two Research Instruments, and Two Kindred Concepts
- Author
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JEŘÁBEK, HYNEK
- Published
- 2011
20. Central Asian journalism studies: Is there a pathway from conference paper to journal publication?
- Author
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Kurambayev, Bahtiyar and Freedman, Eric
- Published
- 2021
21. Learning To Grow Older & Bolder: A Policy Paper on Learning in Later Life.
- Author
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National Inst. of Adult Continuing Education, Leicester (England)., Carlton, Shiela, and Soulsby, Jim
- Abstract
This paper discusses policy regarding learning in later life in the United Kingdom. The following are among the topics discussed in chapters 1-12: (1) the importance of lifelong learning; (2) the importance of learning to older people; (3) opportunities for lifelong learning in the United Kingdom; (4) the United Kingdom's aging population; (5) older learners' participation in learning; (6) provisions for older adults by local education authorities and in the further education, higher education, and voluntary sectors; (7) the role of information technology and broadcast media in lifelong learning; (8) the government's role in lifelong learning; and (9) lifelong learning and issues and barriers. The following are among the 63 policy recommendations listed in Chapter 13: (1) make increasing older adults' participation in education and training a policy priority; (2) ensure that local education authorities prepare lifelong learning development plans that take account of older people's unique learning needs; (3) promote distance learning as a primary means of access for older people; and (4) increase learning opportunities at work. Nineteen tables/figures and a list of abbreviations are included. Eleven tables/figures containing additional statistics, acknowledgments, and a list of advisory group members are appended. The bibliography contains 166 references. (MN)
- Published
- 1999
22. Distance Education: Professional Staff Paper.
- Author
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Asian Development Bank, Manila (Philippines). and Sharma, Motilal
- Abstract
This paper examines the relevance and cost-effectiveness of the use of mass media for spreading education and the dissemination of information needed to sustain growth and technological progress in developing countries. An overview of experiments with the use of radio and television for educational purposes provides brief descriptions of distance education projects in the USSR, the United Kingdom, Niger, Honduras, Rwanda, Nicaragua, the United States, India, Australia, and Malaysia, and notes related activities in other countries. Discussion of the economics of distance education focuses on issues raised by case studies on the cost-effectiveness of distance education in various countries. Prospects and issues in the field are then discussed in the context of: (1) primary and secondary education; (2) teacher education; (3) education management and administration; (4) tertiary education; and (5) nonformal education. A brief review of the Asian Development Bank's involvement in distance education concludes this paper. Sources of additional information on the projects described and the case studies cited are indicated in footnotes. (MES)
- Published
- 1985
23. The Federal Role in Funding Children's Television Programming. Volume 2: Commissioned Papers.
- Author
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Indiana Univ., Bloomington. Inst. for Communication Research. and Mielke, Keith W.
- Abstract
Volume 2 of an investigation conducted for the United States Office of Education reprints ten commissioned papers which provided input to Volume 1. These papers address the areas of self-concept development, economically disadvantaged children, sexism in television, diversity in a mass medium, Federal involvements in commercial television, copyright issues, and distribution system. (Author/DS)
- Published
- 1975
24. Conflict Between the State Coordinating Board and the Principal State University: Illinois During Rapid Higher Education Growth. ASHE Annual Meeting 1979 Paper.
- Author
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Floyd, Carol Everly
- Abstract
The political factors underlying the ability of the Illinois Board of Higher Education to prevent the development of additional new campuses as part of the University of Illinois are analyzed. The primary factors underlying the board's success are: (1) its investment in winning the issue because of the threat to its goals and survival; (2) the use of language and political symbolism; and (3) disinterest of significant political actors. Information is drawn from the printed public record (board and university reports, board and university trustee board minutes, and advisory committee reports), news articles and editorials, and individual interviews. Background information is provided on the organizational history of Illinois public higher education and growth in the 1960's. (Author/MSE)
- Published
- 1979
25. Annotated Bibliography; Freedom of Information Center Reports and Summary Papers.
- Author
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Freedom of Information Center, Columbia, MO.
- Abstract
This bibliography lists and annotates almost 400 information reports, opinion papers, and summary papers dealing with freedom of information. Topics covered include the nature of press freedom and increased press efforts toward more open access to information; the press situation in many foreign countries, including France, Sweden, Communist China, India, Kenya, Cuba, Vietnam, and South Africa; the student press; the governmental "executive privilege" to withhold information; the role of the government publicist; the relationships of former presidents with the press; the accuracy of polling devices and the effect of their findings on the voting public; television coverage of political campaigns; criticisms of broadcast news; regulations of sex, violence, and children's programming on television; subscription television; film and book censorship; pressures on librarians; the press and the courts; Supreme Court decisions regarding obscenity; the influence of ethical and social responsibilities on advertising and selling practices; the economic effects of advertising; and the fluctuating fortunes of mass circulation magazines. (GW)
- Published
- 1975
26. Relevans og intention. To analyser af en massemedietekst om okonomisk politik. ROLIG-papir 33 (Relevance and Intention. Two Analyses of a Mass Media Text on Economic Politics. ROLIG-paper 33).
- Author
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Roskilde Univ. Center (Denmark)., Heltoft, Lars, and Geist, Uwe
- Abstract
The three papers in this publication analyze a newspaper article on "economic politics," or more specifically, the devaluing of the Danish kroner. The papers all examine some linguistic or structural feature of the language used in writing the article. Specific focus is on relevance theory and relevance in the article, the use of text analysis in looking at relevance, the function of the language used in the article, and the intention of the writing (e.g., how the writing of the article is used to shape the opinions of readers). (VWL)
- Published
- 1984
27. Evaluation of the Impact of Media Marketing Strategies on Continuing Education Enrollments. AIR Forum 1982 Paper.
- Author
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Campbell, Jill F. and Spiro, Louis M.
- Abstract
The impact of media marketing strategies on continuing education enrollment at the State University of New York College at Brockport (SUNY-CB), was evaluated. The evaluation of advertising impacts used advertising records of SUNY-CB and other area colleges and a telephone questionnaire instrument. A stratified, random countywide sample, in addition to the college continuing education students, was surveyed to determine the differential impact of media types and the media impact on the college's new and returning continuing education students as well as on the general population sample. Of the 400 continuing education students enrolled in the fall 1981 semester in credit courses, 215 participated in the telephone survey, in addition to 290 countywide respondents. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in the analysis of responses. The primary way in which the respondents heard about the college's continuing education offerings was determined. Respondents were asked whether they saw or heard any advertisements for the continuing education program, and whether the marketing strategies encouraged previous students to continue, or attracted new students. Another aspect of the research was to identify advertising conducted through the local media by other area colleges. It was found that: (1) respondents were not very aware of the college's advertisements; (2) the electronic media appeared to have had little or no impact on either respondent group; (3) newspapers seemed to be the most effective media; and (4) direct mail was an effective approach. These findings provide the basis for four recommendations regarding the school's marketing approaches, including centralizing marketing efforts and enhancing program reputation among faculty and students. (SW)
- Published
- 1982
28. Learning a Foreign Language through the Media. CLCS Occasional Paper No. 18.
- Author
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Trinity Coll., Dublin (Ireland). Centre for Language and Communication Studies. and Devitt, Sean M.
- Abstract
The use of mass media as a means of learning a foreign language from the beginning of language study is discussed. Using the media enables many of the features of the natural language acquisition process to be brought into play in a way that much current language teaching material does not. This position is supported by recent research into the processes of reading and listening. The paper also discusses some of the ways in which activities preceding or accompanying the use of media texts can make the texts accessible to a wide variety of learners, including beginners. Beginners can be helped not only to understand foreign language texts but also to create and edit their own texts at a relatively sophisticated level. This approach greatly enriches the comprehensible linguistic input while also reducing affective barriers to language learning. A practical exercise built around an Italian news story and using four newspaper articles and one radio broadcast transcript in Italian as the basis for a series of activities is appended. (Author/MSE)
- Published
- 1986
29. Pandora's Box? Companion Papers on Motivation, Access and the Media.
- Author
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National Inst. of Adult Continuing Education, Leicester (England)., Sargant, Naomi, Tuckett, Alan, Sargant, Naomi, Tuckett, Alan, and National Inst. of Adult Continuing Education, Leicester (England).
- Abstract
These two papers address the challenge of harnessing the most appropriate media technology to help learning and teaching into the next century. "Motivation, Access, and the Media," presents the case for greater access for learners to the various technologies. The paper makes the case for access to be free at the point of use and argues that the education poor must not also become information poor. It gives an overview of the history of the contribution of the broadcast media to adult learning. "Motivation Is Curriculum," argues that a responsive further education system takes motivation as curriculum. The second paper suggests that there is a set of educational skills in negotiating appropriate programs of learning for young people and adults returning to education so that it is a new and exciting experience rather than a return to the scene of disappointment and failure. It contends that there are important alliances to be fostered with local, regional, and national media that are the natural channels of communication for some of the groups currently underrepresented in further education. Examples are given of successful collaboration with the media to widen participation and increase the profile of adult learning. (YLB)
- Published
- 1997
30. Blacks' Relationship with the Print Media. Discussion Papers 427-77.
- Author
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Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Inst. for Research on Poverty., Allen, Richard L., and Bielby, William T.
- Abstract
This paper investigates the media attitudes and behaviors of black adults toward four types of print media: majority, black entertainment, black establishment, and black nonestablishment. The relationships of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, subjective orientations, and media attitudes and behaviors are empirically examined. Consistent with past research, but with more precise measurement and within a multivariate specification, it was found that those of a higher socioeconomic status tended to read more magazines and print media in general, save black entertainment magazines. Overall, the relationships between all of the media variables pointed to the utility of making certain distinctions within the black press, and to the adequacy of simultaneously incorporating subjective orientations and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as predictor variables. (Author/AM)
- Published
- 1977
31. The Electronic Dilemma of TV Advertising: Documentation, The Reactions of Business, Cultural Consequences and Consumer Implications. Working Paper No. 2.
- Author
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Aarhus School of Business Administration & Economics (Denmark). and Sepstrup, Preben
- Abstract
This discussion of the influence of advertising on the development of new media covers ways in which advertising uses the media and the implications of new information technologies for consumers and marketing activities. The first of four sections describes how television advertising has been altered by the development of new technologies--cable, satellites, and data processing--and outlines the consequences of these technological developments for broadcasters and advertisers. Part 2 explains and demonstrates with empirical data the electronic dilemma of advertising, i.e., how viewers avoid commercials through mental absence, physical absence, channel switching, use of the fast-forward button on videotaped programs, and use of remote control to "zap" commercials. Part 3 describes and summarizes measures taken by the media and advertising industry in the United States and Europe to counteract this dilemma and to exploit new possibilities associated with information technologies. Finally, Part 4, which is written from a European perspective, identifies the cultural consequences and implications for consumers of these countermeasures, and proposes public policy measures to counteract unwanted cultural or consumer consequences. A five-page list of references is provided. (JB)
- Published
- 1986
32. Transnationalization of Television in West Europe. Working Paper No. 13.
- Author
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Aarhus School of Business Administration & Economics (Denmark). and Sepstrup, Preben
- Abstract
Based primarily on data from public service broadcasting, this study had two major purposes: to develop a framework for understanding, conceptualizing, and measuring international television flows and the effects associated with these flows; and to establish a background of facts on international television flows in Western Europe. Secondary purposes include an evaluation of the "media imperialism" thesis as an explanation of the patterns of flow that can be observed; and an investigation of the validity of researchers' and politicians' claims that the United States dominates Western European television. The first of five chapters in the report describes the purposes of the study and provides a review of earlier research. The second chapter outlines the conceptual framework of the study and describes transnationalization of supply and consumption of television broadcasting. Addressing the second major purpose of the study, the third chapter provides data on transnationalization of television in Europe. Discussions of the media imperialism thesis and both positive and negative effects of transnationalization are presented in the fifth chapter. The final chapter outlines policy and research implications of the study. The report includes 28 tables, an extensive list of references, and three appendixes which include a review of the empirical research on which the study is based and the absolute data from which the tables were derived. (GL)
- Published
- 1988
33. Using Instructional Hardware for Primary Education in Developing Countries: A Review of the Literature. Education Development Discussion Papers Series.
- Author
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Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA. Inst. for International Development. and Anzalone, Stephen
- Abstract
Research on the utilization of educational media, or electronic classroom instructional aids, in primary schools in developing countries is reviewed in this paper. Five kinds of hardware--radio, television, computers, videodiscs, and hand-held electronic devices--are compared according to cost and learning effectiveness. A model of learning production is used to define the educational system in terms of its interaction with family and society, and to illustrate the relationships among the components of educational management, which include content, instructional materials, classroom management, physical facilities, and learning technology. Radio was found to be the most cost effective means of improving both scope and quality of instruction. Effectiveness is enhanced if the technologies are used in combination with curriculum development, instructional resources, administrator support, and teacher training. A comparative table, describing seven educational interventions, a diagram of learning production, and an extensive bibliography are included. (LMI)
- Published
- 1988
34. Open papers, open minds? Media representations of psychiatric de-institutionalization in Jamaica.
- Author
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Whitley R and Hickling FW
- Subjects
- Attitude to Health, Humans, Jamaica epidemiology, Deinstitutionalization statistics & numerical data, Mass Media, Mental Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Little research has been conducted on media representations of psychiatric de-institutionalization in low-income countries. We set out to examine whether the Jamaican media takes a positive or negative orientation to psychiatric de-institutionalization, and which arguments and rhetorical devices are employed to support the media's position. This was done by the collection, review, and analysis of all stories related to psychiatric de-institutionalization published over a 26-month period from 2003 to 2005 by Jamaica's principal broadsheet newspaper. All of the stories were positive in orientation. Articles alluded to the therapeutic and economic benefits of de-institutionalization. To allay public fears, articles gave prominence to the views of senior psychiatric experts, quoted supporting statistics and international trends, and translated relevant research findings into lay language. Our results are contrary to most studies in high-income countries indicating negative media portrayals of mental illness and the mentally ill.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Television and Alcohol Consumption and Abuse. Rand Paper Series No. P-562l.
- Author
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Rand Corp., Santa Monica, CA. and Comstock, George
- Abstract
This article examines the contribution of television and other mass media to alcohol consumption and its abuse. The author notes that there is no scientific evidence available that addresses this point directly, and the importance of such an issue is not recognized in the scientific literature. The absence of this information interferes with the ability to act wisely in regard to portrayals of alcohol in entertainment and advertising on television. The author delineates four issues that are of central importance in examining the portrayals of alcohol consumption on television. (1) the pattern and character of such portrayals; (2) the contribution of such portrayals to the concepts held by young people about alcohol; (3) the contribution of portrayals to maintaining or altering patterns of alcohol consumption among adults; and (4) the potential role of television in altering patterns of alcohol consumption and abuse. (Author/YRJ)
- Published
- 1976
36. Devices for Deaf and Severely Hard of Hearing People: An Annotated Bibliography. Working Paper 89-1.
- Author
-
Gallaudet Research Inst., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
The bibliography contains about 200 citations related to devices for deaf and severely hard-of-hearing persons and published predominantly since 1975. Selected citations focus on devices which utilize a sense other than hearing. Articles involving obsolete technology are not included unless they appear to have some historical interest. Citations are listed alphabetically by author and include a non-evaluative abstract. Citations cover such topics as telecommunications, libraries, personal computers, vibrotactile aids, mass media, sensory aids, communication aids, video, alarm systems, tactile speech codes, telephone communication, and computer software. (DB)
- Published
- 1989
37. Public Service Broadcasting: The Challenges of the Twenty-first Century. Reports and Papers on Mass Communication No. 111.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France)., Atkinson, Dave, and Raboy, Marc
- Abstract
This report presents a review of key research on public broadcasting and a synthesis of the actuality of public service broadcasting today in the face of increasing globalization, with case studies from 16 countries. Following the General Introduction (Pierre Juneau), the report is divided into two parts. Part 1--"Public Service Television in the Age of Competition" (Dave Atkinson)--gives an overview of the crisis, and discusses the legitimacy of public television in the era of the market and the public television ideal. Part 2--"Public Service Broadcasting for the Twenty-first Century" (Marc Raboy, Ed.)--contains an introduction--"Public Service Broadcasting in the Context of Globalization" (Marc Raboy), and two sub-sections. The first sub-section--"Shifting Paradigms in the Heartlands of Public Broadcasting"--includes: "Great Britain: Public Service Broadcasting, From National Culture to Multiculturalism" (Paddy Scannell); "Sweden: Broadcasting and the Social Project" (Olof Hulten); "Germany: The Regulation of Broadcasting" (Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem); "Belgium: The Politics of Public Broadcasting" (Jean-Claude Burgelman and Peter Perceval); "Canada: The Hybridization of Public Broadcasting" (Marc Raboy); "Australia: Broadcasting, Policy and Information Technology" (Marcus Breen); "Japan: Public Broadcasting as a National Project" (Shinichi Shimizu); and "United States: PBS and the Limitations of a Mainstream Alternative" (Michael Tracey). The second sub-section--"Emerging Models for Development and Democracy"--includes: "Poland: Prospects for Public and Civic Broadcasting" (Karol Jakubowicz); "Ukraine: Public Broadcasting Between State and Market" (Olga V. Zernetskaya); "India: Broadcasting and National Politics" (Nikhil Sinha); "Namibia: Broadcasting and Democratization" (Nahum Gorelick); "Philippines: Towards an Alternative Broadcasting System" (Florangel Rosario-Braid with Ramon R. Tuazon); "Equatorial Africa: Broadcasting and Development" (Charles Okigbo); "Cambodia: Broadcasting and the Hurdle of Poverty" (Gareth Price); and "Latin America: Community Broadcasting as Public Broadcasting" (Rafael Roncagliolo). (SWC)
- Published
- 1997
38. Clarifying press before paper.
- Author
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Snow AA and Pilson D
- Subjects
- Biomedical Research, Communication, Diffusion of Innovation, Peer Review, Research methods, Science standards, United Kingdom, United States, Journalism, Medical standards, Mass Media, Peer Review, Research standards, Public Opinion, Public Relations
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Press before paper--when media and science collide.
- Author
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Stewart CN Jr
- Subjects
- Biomedical Research, Communication, Diffusion of Innovation, Peer Review, Research methods, Science standards, United Kingdom, United States, Journalism, Medical standards, Mass Media, Peer Review, Research standards, Public Opinion, Public Relations
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Media Literacy and the Research Paper.
- Author
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Blair, Kristine L.
- Abstract
Demonstrates ways in which students can use popular media sources for the purpose of research in rhetorical and cultural study. States that students come away with a better understanding of how the media usually only take one side or the other. (PA)
- Published
- 1995
41. What the papers say.
- Author
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Duffin C
- Subjects
- Attitude to Health, Bias, Fear, Humans, Newspapers as Topic standards, Periodicals as Topic standards, Evidence-Based Medicine standards, Health Education standards, Mass Media, Research standards
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The image of nursing in the media: A scoping review.
- Author
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González H, Errasti-Ibarrondo B, Iraizoz-Iraizoz A, and Choperena A
- Subjects
- Humans, Nursing, Nurses, Mass Media
- Abstract
Aim: To systematically review the available evidence from research exploring the image of nurses in the media., Background: Nurses have historically faced many challenges and have received media attention for such efforts. However, the image of nursing traditionally conveyed by media has failed to represent the real character and a positive image of the nursing profession., Review Methods: For this scoping literature review, a search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Dialnet to identify studies written in English, Spanish or Portuguese from the earliest date in the databases until February 2022. Four authors were involved in a two-stage screening process. Data were subjected to quantitative content analysis. A decade-by-decade analysis was performed to track the evolution of the research., Results: Sixty studies were included. The analysis shows (1) an increasing interest in analysing the portrayal of nurses and nursing in media over time, especially from 2000 onwards; (2) a prevailing trend of focusing on one form of media when analysing the portrayal of nurses; (3) qualitative designs as the most frequent method for exploring the image of nursing; and (4) a predominantly negative image conveyed by media., Conclusions: There is a notable body of scientific evidence about the image of nurses and nursing portrayed in media. The interest in analysing media depictions of nursing has a long history. The included studies' samples showed heterogeneity, as they were obtained from different media, periods and countries., Implications for Nursing: This scoping review is the first systematic review to provide a comprehensive map of what has been studied thus far regarding media depictions of nursing. It confirms the imperative need for nurses in different settings (academic, assistance or management fields) to maintain a proactive attitude towards addressing images of nursing and ensuring accurate representations., (© 2023 The Authors. International Nursing Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Council of Nurses.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Doctor, "what about that article in the paper?".
- Author
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Fitzgibbons TC
- Subjects
- Humans, Advertising, Drug Industry, Mass Media, Physician-Patient Relations
- Published
- 1996
44. Paper emperors [Book Review]
- Published
- 2019
45. The media and the death penalty: the limits of sentimentality, the power of abjection. [Paper in: Pain and Death: Politics, Aesthetics, Legalities. Strange, Carolyn (ed.).]
- Author
-
Kennedy, Rosanne
- Published
- 2007
46. Critical Thinking Strategies for Nontraditional Students.
- Author
-
Reppert, James E.
- Abstract
More than 800 students at geographically isolated Southern Arkansas University, many of whom are commuters, would be considered nontraditional students. For the most part, these individuals study harder and produce work of higher quality than many students entering college directly from high school. Critical thinking skills are especially necessary for such students, and one useful assignment is the research paper in diverse mass media courses where analysis forces students to take real world media concepts and assess underlying factors or individuals shaping them. Students can also be required to subscribe to professional media publications, both as resource material and to provide a knowledge base from experts in the field. Field trips can also aid critical thinking foundations of nontraditional broadcasting majors. In public speaking classes, nontraditional students are initially afraid of how they will be perceived by their younger colleagues, but this fear usually disappears after the first class session. The result of various broadcasting and public speaking critical thinking strategies is an increased awareness on the part of nontraditional students to ask the question, "Why?" (NKA)
- Published
- 1993
47. Critical Awakening: Enhancing Students' Agency through Critical Media Literacy
- Author
-
Bruno Halpern
- Abstract
This literature review examines the significance of Critical Media Literacy (CML) in higher education. The rapid digitalization and globalization have intensified media dissemination, raising critical issues about information authenticity and its societal impacts. CML empowers individuals to critically analyze media, discern between reliable and unreliable sources, recognize biases, and understand the broader socio-political implications of media messages. The study leverages Stuart Hall's Encoding and Decoding Theory to dissect how media messages are constructed, disseminated, and interpreted, emphasizing the need for critical engagement in the post-truth era. The review highlights the detrimental effects of fake news and disinformation on democracy and trust in institutions, stressing the importance of integrating CML into higher education curricula to foster informed and engaged citizens. The paper also discusses the methodological limitations in current research and the necessity for comprehensive teacher training and systemic changes in educational institutions. Ultimately, this study underscores the transformative potential of CML in developing critical thinking, promoting democratic engagement, combating media manipulation and misinformation, and advocating for its inclusion in education policies and practices to prepare students for the complexities of the digital media landscape. [Note: The page range (14-34) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct page range is 14-35.]
- Published
- 2024
48. Human Capital: Building the Information Technology Workforce To Achieve Results. Testimony before the Subcommittee on Technology and Procurement Policy, Committee on Government Reform, U.S. House of Representatives.
- Author
-
Comptroller General of the U.S., Washington, DC., General Accounting Office, Washington, DC., and Walker, David M.
- Abstract
The Comptroller General of the United States testified before Congress regarding the General Accounting Office's (GAO's) framework for building the information technology (IT) work force to achieve results. The following were among the key points of his testimony: (1) the federal government is facing pervasive human capital challenges that are eroding the ability of many agencies to perform their missions economically, efficiently, and effectively; (2) many parties, including the President, federal department and agency leaders, Congress, the private sector, and academia, will need to work to address the government's human capital problem; (3) human capital issues are having a particular bearing on the IT area inasmuch as the federal government's ability to acquire and use IT successfully will hinge on its ability to build, prepare, and manage its IT work force; and (4) federal agencies must overcome these two basic challenges related to IT human capital: a shortage of skilled workers and the need to provide a broad range of related staff training and development. (The following items are appended: the GAO's human capital framework; examples of federal agencies with human capital challenges; and a list of the responsibilities of selected agencies/organizations and sectors for the addressing human capital challenges.) (MN)
- Published
- 2001
49. Supporting Intercultural Experiences in Online Teaching during Wartime and Humanitarian Crises: Slack as a Learning Tool
- Author
-
Monica Chadha and Jeannine E. Relly
- Abstract
Online program design is important for cross-cultural learning and cultural awareness and responsiveness. Because of the importance of these areas in journalism and similar fields, this research studies an intercultural "bridge" project with journalism and media-related students at a southwest U.S. university and four universities in Yemen. The paper presents an analysis of the students' experience of the cultural exchange on the platform, Slack, of journalism, and other types of media. Data demonstrated the impact of learning about each culture, and interculturally, through students' and instructors' perspectives versus news coverage provided by mainstream media. Intercultural bridge building and relationship development through collective activities and journalistic work also offered promise. The study also revealed impediments to seamless cultural exchanges and learning, and barriers to effective intercultural communication.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Telecommunications Policy Research Conference. Media Concentration and the First Amendment Section. Papers.
- Author
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Telecommunications Policy Research Conference, Inc., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
These two papers consider the implications of industry concentration in the mass media industry. The first, "Selling the Store: Policy Implications of the 1986 Bonanza in Television Station Transfers" (Joseph Foley, Ohio State University), analyzes the relationship between key market variables and prices paid in 1986 television stations transfers, and draws conclusions about the emerging patterns of media ownership and the implications of those patterns for the expression of divergent views. Six figures and 31 references are included. The second paper, "Measuring Media Concentration" (Mark S. Nadel) (abstract only), suggests that media concentration should be regarded as a problem only when there are too few suppliers of some particular media product to some particular media market. It recommends that general measures of industry concentration, such as the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, be adjusted before they are used to measure such things as concentration among news suppliers, given the ease with which news can diffuse through a market. (Author/EW)
- Published
- 1987
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