12 results
Search Results
2. Persisting Barriers: Changes in Educational Opportunities in Thirteen Countries. EUI Working Paper.
- Author
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European Univ. Inst., Florence (Italy)., Blossfeld, Hans-Peter, and Shavit, Yossi
- Abstract
This study is a comparative analysis that addresses the question: to what extent has the relationship between parental socioeconomic characteristics and educational opportunities changed over time and why? The document suggests six hypotheses regarding change in the effects of social origins on education transitions: (1) modernization hypothesis: the effects of social origin on all transitions decline; (2) reproduction hypothesis: the effects of social origins decline on earlier transitions but not on later transitions; (3) hypothesis of maximally maintained inequality: the effects will only decline at those transitions for which the attendance rates of the privileged classes are saturated; (4) socialist transformation hypothesis: socialist transformations brought about an initial reduction in the effects, that will then be followed by increased effects; (5) life course hypothesis: the effects decline across transitions but are stable across cohorts; and (6) differential selection hypothesis: the effects decline across cohorts, but the effects on later transitions increase across cohorts. The 13 industrialized countries included in the study may be classified according to their basic cultural and economic systems into three major groups: (1) western capitalistic countries: United States of America, (former) Federal Republic of Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Israel; (2) non-Western capitalistic countries: Japan and Taiwan; and (3) western socialistic countries: Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. Study results show that educational expansion facilitates the persistence of inequalities in educational opportunity. Tables summarize the major findings with respect to educational expansion and attainment, change in the effects of social origins on highest education attained, and cohort differences. (DK)
- Published
- 1991
3. Nature-based interventions in social work practice and education: Insights from six nations.
- Author
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Slattery, Maddy, Ramsay, Sylvia, Pryor, Anita, Gallagher, Hilary, Norton, Christine Lynn, Nikkel, Lynette, Smith, Amanda, Knowles, Ben, and McAuliffe, Donna
- Subjects
PROFESSIONAL practice ,WELL-being ,FOCUS groups ,NATUROPATHY ,POPULATION geography ,COLLEGE teacher attitudes ,CULTURAL pluralism ,MENTAL health ,SOCIAL justice ,VIDEOCONFERENCING ,EXPERIENCE ,MENTAL healing ,PHILOSOPHY of education ,RESEARCH funding ,SOCIAL work education ,SOCIAL services ,NATURE ,INTERDISCIPLINARY education ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
This paper presents findings from an investigation of nature-based practices, from the perspectives of 10 academics/educators from six nations. Participants engaged in a focus group exploring the prevalence and inclusion of nature in social work practice and education. While the study focused on individual members' experiences and perspectives, the findings highlight important context-specific factors for including nature within social work to reconnect humans with nature for health, well-being, healing, and justice. An Integrative Environmental Model for social work is proposed to assist future practice and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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4. A Decade of Collaboration Among International Representatives of the International Cluttering Association.
- Author
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Reichel, Isabella, Ademola-Sakoya, Grace, Aumont Boucand, Véronique, Bona, Judit, Carmona, Jaqueline, Cosyns, Marjan, Filatova, Yulia, Haj-Tas, Maisa, Kelkar, Pallavi, Remman, Reina, Shoko Miyamoto, Ozdemir, Sertan, Sanghi, Maya, Schnell, Alexandra, Biain de Touzet, Beatriz, and Shu-Lan Yang
- Subjects
COMMITTEES ,INTERNATIONAL agencies ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,SUPPORT groups ,SPEECH therapy ,STUTTERING - Abstract
Purpose: This article presents a collaborative initiative of members of the Committee of the International Representatives of the International Cluttering Association (ICA) upon celebrating the 10th anniversary of the ICA. Such collaborative efforts are designed to improve communication skills, enlighten lives of people with cluttering, and serve as models for speech therapists and other health care professionals in countries around the globe. Method: This initiative began with a seminar at the Inaugural Joint World Congress in Japan in 2018 and continues with an article on cluttering based on the contents of the papers presented at the Congress. Sixteen researchers and speech therapists from 15 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe (East and West), America (North and South), and the Middle East have explored the following themes related to cluttering: cluttering awareness, research, professional preparation, intervention, and self-help groups. Results: This article adds to the body of international literature on cluttering and illustrates that, for the past 10 years, hypothesis-testing research in cluttering continues to be conducted across language barriers and national boundaries, and interventions that are implemented in some locales are being tested and taught in other parts of the world; furthermore, new cluttering treatments are being disseminated for professional preparation and clinical practices. Conclusions: This article demonstrates how global engagement of the ICA's international representatives has led to the exchange of ideas about awareness of cluttering and professional preparation and the best strategies for the treatment of this communication disorder in countries around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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5. International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2017 (Budapest, Hungary, April 29-May 1, 2017)
- Author
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World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal), Pracana, Clara, and Wang, Michael
- Abstract
We are delighted to welcome you to the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT) 2017, taking place in Budapest, Hungary, from 29 of April to 1 of May, 2017. Modern psychology offers a large range of scientific fields where it can be applied. The goal of understanding individuals and groups (mental functions and behavioral standpoints), from this academic and practical scientific discipline, aims ultimately to benefit society. This International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the several areas within the Psychology field, new developments in studies and proposals for future scientific projects. The goal is to offer a worldwide connection between psychologists, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in psychological issues. The conference is a forum that connects and brings together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. There is an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement the view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons there are nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. InPACT 2017 received 243 submissions, from 35 different countries from all over the world, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference 128 submissions (29% acceptance rate). The conference also includes: (1) Two keynote presentations by Prof. Dr. Leslie G. Walker (Professor of Cancer Rehabilitation at the University of Hull, United Kingdom) and by Prof. Dr. Howard S. Schwartz (Professor of Organizational Behavior in the School of Business Administration, Oakland University, USA); and (2) Two Special Talks one by Prof. Dr. Michael Wang (Professor of Clinical Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom), and the other by Dr. António Alvim (Portuguese Association of Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, Portugal). We would like to express our gratitude to all our invitees. This volume is composed by the papers of the International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends (InPACT 2017), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.). The Conference addresses different categories inside Applied Psychology area and papers fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. The conference program includes six main broad-ranging categories that cover diversified interest areas: (1) Clinical Psychology: Emotions and related psychological processes; Assessment; Psychotherapy and counseling; Addictive behaviors; Eating disorders; Personality disorders; Quality of life and mental health; Communication within relationships; Services of mental health; and Psychopathology. (2) Educational Psychology: Language and cognitive processes; School environment and childhood disorders; Parenting and parenting related processes; Learning and technology; Psychology in schools; Intelligence and creativity; Motivation in classroom; Perspectives on teaching; Assessment and evaluation; and Individual differences in learning. (3) Social Psychology: Cross-cultural dimensions of mental disorders; Employment issues and training; Organizational psychology; Psychology in politics and international issues; Social factors in adolescence and its development; Social anxiety and self-esteem; Immigration and social policy; Self-efficacy and identity development; Parenting and social support; Addiction and stigmatization; and Psychological and social impact of virtual networks. (4) Legal Psychology: Violence and trauma; Mass-media and aggression; Intra-familial violence; Juvenile delinquency; Aggressive behavior in childhood; Internet offending; Working with crime perpetrators; Forensic psychology; Violent risk assessment; and Law enforcement and stress. (5) Cognitive and Experimental Psychology: Perception, memory and attention; Decision making and problem-solving; Concept formation, reasoning and judgment; Language processing; Learning skills and education; Cognitive Neuroscience; Computer analogies and information processing (Artificial Intelligence and computer simulations); Social and cultural factors in the cognitive approach; Experimental methods, research and statistics; and Biopsychology. (6) Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytical Psychotherapy: Psychoanalysis and psychology; The unconscious; The Oedipus complex; Psychoanalysis of children; Pathological mourning; Addictive personalities; Borderline organizations; Narcissistic personalities; Anxiety and phobias; Psychosis; Neuropsychoanalysis. This volume contains the papers and results of the different researches conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to study and develop research in areas related to Psychology and its applications. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters that are hereby sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. We would like to express thanks to all the authors and participants, the members of the academic scientific committee, and of course, to the organizing and administration team for making and putting this conference together. [Abstract modified to meet ERIC guidelines. For the 2016 proceedings, see ED580800.]
- Published
- 2017
6. The Use of Motivational Strategies in Language Instruction: The Case of EFL Teaching in Taiwan.
- Author
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Hsing-Fu Cheng and Dörnyei, Zoltán
- Subjects
ACADEMIC motivation ,SECOND language acquisition ,FOREIGN language education ,ENGLISH teachers ,LEARNER autonomy ,LANGUAGE & culture - Abstract
With motivation being one of the key factors determining success in foreign/second language (L2) learning, strategies in motivating learners should be seen as an important aspect of the study of L2 motivation. However, empirical investigations focusing on motivational strategies are scarce in L2 research, with one exception being Dörnyei and Csizér's (1998) study carried out in Hungary. The large-scale empirical survey reported in this paper is a modified replication of the Dörnyei and Csizér study: 387 Taiwanese teachers of English were asked to rate a list of comprehensive motivational strategies in terms of (1) how much importance they attached to these and (2) how often they implemented them in their teaching practice. The results indicate that the list of motivational macrostrategies that emerged in this study bears a certain amount of resemblance to the list generated by Dörnyei and Csizér's survey amongst Hungarian English teachers, which provides reassurance that at least some motivational strategies are transferable across diverse cultural and ethnolinguistic contexts. However, there are also dissimilarities between the Taiwanese and the Hungarian findings, indicating that some strategies are culture-sensitive or even culture-dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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7. Triggering or Halting? Geopolitical Effects of Democratic Transition and Consolidation between Taiwan and Hungary.
- Author
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Chih-Chieh Chou
- Subjects
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GEOPOLITICS , *DEMOCRATIZATION , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *POLITICAL science - Abstract
The aim of this paper is 1) to cross-regionally investigate the exact influences of international security and geopolitical order on the process of democratization in Taiwan and Hungary, and 2) to further develop a more general model suitable to comparatively investigating the relationship between geopolitical/security orders and domestic democratization. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
8. Social engagement for mental health: An international survey of older populations.
- Author
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Yen, Hsin‐Yen, Chi, Mei‐Ju, and Huang, Hao‐Yun
- Subjects
SOCIAL participation ,GENDER role ,STATISTICS ,CONFIDENCE ,CROSS-sectional method ,SOCIAL networks ,MENTAL health ,POPULATION geography ,SATISFACTION ,REGRESSION analysis ,SURVEYS ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PHYSICAL activity ,T-test (Statistics) ,LONELINESS ,MENTAL depression ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,DATA analysis ,DATA analysis software ,SECONDARY analysis ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,OLD age - Abstract
Background and purpose: Social engagement is an important active aging strategy to promote older adults' mental health. The purposes of this study were to compare social engagement in older populations around the world and explore associations with mental health outcomes. Materials and methods: An international cross‐sectional survey was conducted from 2017 to 2019. Data were retrieved from The International Social Survey Programme for a secondary data analysis across 30 countries. This study applied the Taxonomy of Social Activities and its six levels as operational definitions for a consistent concept of social engagement for international comparisons. Results: In total, 9403 older adults with a mean age of 72.85 ± 6.40 years responded. The highest levels of older adults' social engagement were found in Switzerland, Thailand, and New Zealand. Older adults of a higher age, with a lower educational level, who were permanently sick or disabled, who had no partner, who were widowed or whose civil partner had died, who lived alone, and who had lower self‐placement in society had significantly lower social engagement than did their counterparts. In the regression model, older adults' social engagement positively predicted general health, self‐accomplishment, and life satisfaction, but negatively predicted loneliness and depression. Conclusions: In aging societies worldwide, encouraging older adults' social engagement would be beneficial to promote mental health. Implications for nursing practice and health policies: Community professional nurses can develop strategies of social engagement based on the needs and sociodemographic factors of older adults to improve their mental health. Developing efficient strategies and local policies by learning from successful experiences in other countries is important to promote social engagement in aging societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Learning English as an L2 in the Global Context: Changing English, Changing Motivation
- Author
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Sung, Chit Cheung Matthew
- Abstract
As the English language has become a global lingua franca today, it is not surprising that changes in attitudes and perceptions towards learning English in the international context have taken place at the same time. In this paper, I critically examine the notion of "integrative motivation" in the literature of second language (L2) learning with respect to the changing role of the English language in the global context. In particular, this paper attempts to re-conceptualise the notion of integrative motivation by considering the results of recent empirical research on L2 motivation. It is argued that the predominant motivation of learning English among most L2 learners is no longer concerned with "integration" in the target native English-speaking culture, but with the construction of a "bi-cultural" or "world citizen" identity, as well as identification with the international community. The paper ends by suggesting new ways of understanding the concept of motivation in L2 learning in today's global context.
- Published
- 2013
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10. Highly Cited Articles in the Education and Educational Research Category in the Social Science Citation Index: A Bibliometric Analysis
- Author
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Ivanovic, Lidija and Ho, Yuh-Shan
- Abstract
This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of highly cited articles published in the Web of Science category "Education and Educational Research" in the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI). A total of 2091 journal articles published in this category and cited more than 100 times up to the end of the year 2016 were retrieved as highly cited articles. Distributions of highly cited articles per publication year, journals, institutions and countries were analysed, as well as the citation life cycle of the top-cited articles. The USA, its institutions and researchers are the absolute leaders in the category of Education and Educational Research according to the results of the conducted analysis.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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11. PILING INTO CENTRAL EUROPE.
- Author
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Miller, Karen Lowry and Simpson, Peggy
- Subjects
FOREIGN investments ,ECONOMIC conditions in Eastern Europe ,PRICE inflation ,GROSS domestic product - Abstract
The article reports on the increase in foreign investments in Eastern Europe. Inflation has tapered off, once-gyrating currencies are now stable, output is rising at a brisk pace, and unemployment has leveled off. Poland's gross domestic product increased by 7 percent in 1995, rivaling Taiwan's 6 percent and Indonesia's 8.1 percent. This year, Poland and the Czech Republic are forecast to expand by 5.5 percent, placing them among Europe's most robust economies. The clearest sign of this stability is a wave of foreign investment in everything from auto assembly to retailing. Direct foreign investment in Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic doubled in 1995, bringing the total since 1990 to $23.5 billion. Cumulative investment is expected to jump an additional 29 percent, to $30.4 billion by yearend. INSET: A flood of foreign investment..
- Published
- 1996
12. Pluralism and Democratic Legitimacy: Election News Exposure in Hungary, Taiwan, and the United States.
- Author
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Gottfried, Jeffrey
- Subjects
PLURALISM ,LEGITIMACY of governments ,DEMOCRACY ,INTERNET - Abstract
Pluralism concerns the prevalence of ideological balance in a country's media system. Instead of looking from the political system down, evaluating pluralism from the audience up to the media is a better indicator of whether a citizenry receives an ideological balance of information or biased information that reinforces their views of government and democracy. This study analyzes whether media exposure during national elections affects perceptions of democratic legitimacy in Hungary, Taiwan, and the United States, and whether historical trends in pluralism moderate this relationship. Results show that exposure to traditional media, particularly television, positively affects perceived legitimacy, a robust finding from all three countries; but trends in pluralism do not moderate this relationship. A theoretical discussion explains the positive relationship among traditional media and the negative relationship for the Internet, including implications for the study of pluralism and media bias in democracies. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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