1. The metal cofactor zinc and interacting membranes modulate SOD1 conformation-aggregation landscape in an in vitro ALS model.
- Author
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Sannigrahi A, Chowdhury S, Das B, Banerjee A, Halder A, Kumar A, Saleem M, Naganathan AN, Karmakar S, and Chattopadhyay K
- Subjects
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis genetics, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis pathology, Binding Sites, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Membrane pathology, Copper metabolism, Humans, Kinetics, Models, Molecular, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Mutation, Neurons pathology, Protein Aggregates, Protein Aggregation, Pathological, Protein Binding, Protein Conformation, Protein Folding, Structure-Activity Relationship, Superoxide Dismutase-1 genetics, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis enzymology, Cell Membrane enzymology, Neurons enzymology, Superoxide Dismutase-1 metabolism, Zinc metabolism
- Abstract
Aggregation of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is implicated in the motor neuron disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although more than 140 disease mutations of SOD1 are available, their stability or aggregation behaviors in membrane environment are not correlated with disease pathophysiology. Here, we use multiple mutational variants of SOD1 to show that the absence of Zn, and not Cu, significantly impacts membrane attachment of SOD1 through two loop regions facilitating aggregation driven by lipid-induced conformational changes. These loop regions influence both the primary (through Cu intake) and the gain of function (through aggregation) of SOD1 presumably through a shared conformational landscape. Combining experimental and theoretical frameworks using representative ALS disease mutants, we develop a 'co-factor derived membrane association model' wherein mutational stress closer to the Zn (but not to the Cu) pocket is responsible for membrane association-mediated toxic aggregation and survival time scale after ALS diagnosis., Competing Interests: AS, SC, BD, AB, AH, AK, MS, AN, SK, KC No competing interests declared, (© 2021, Sannigrahi et al.)
- Published
- 2021
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