1. 4-XL-PPD, a novel ginsenoside derivative, as potential therapeutic agents for gastric cancer shows anti-cancer activity via inducing cell apoptosis medicated generation of reactive oxygen species and inhibiting migratory and invasive.
- Author
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Wang X, Sun YY, Qu FZ, Su GY, and Zhao YQ
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic isolation & purification, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Epithelial Cells drug effects, Epithelial Cells metabolism, Epithelial Cells pathology, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Panax chemistry, Stomach Neoplasms metabolism, Triterpenes isolation & purification, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Apoptosis drug effects, Cell Movement drug effects, Ginsenosides chemistry, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Stomach Neoplasms pathology, Triterpenes pharmacology
- Abstract
(20R)-Dammarane-3β, 12β, 20, 25-tetrol (25-OH-PPD) is a ginsenoside isolated from Panax ginseng (C. A. Meyer). Previous research shows that the compound exhibits anti-cancer activities on many human cancer cell lines. In an attempt to enhance 25-OH-PPD activity, some derivatives were synthesized. Through screening of the derivative compounds for anti-cancer activity against gastric carcinoma cells, 12β-O-(L-Chloracetyl)-dammar-20(22)-ene-3β, 25-diol (4-XL-PPD) was selected as a strong anti-cancer agent. In this study, the anti-cancer mechanisms of 4-XL-PPD were investigated. The results showed that compound 4-XL-PPD resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of cells viability in gastric cancer cells, without affecting the viability of normal cell (human gastric epithelial cell line-GES-1). In BGC-803 cancer cells, 4-XL-PPD triggered apoptosis, and stimulated reactive oxygen species production. Apoptosis can be attenuated by the reactive oxygen species scavenger N-acetylcysteine. Meantime, 4-XL-PPD effectively suppressed the migratory and invasive capabilities of BGC-803 cancer cell and inhibited the expression levels of proteins associated with migratory and invasive capabilities (MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin and CD34). All the results suggest that 4-XL-PPD exhibited remarkable anticancer activity base on inducing apoptosis via generating reactive oxygen species and inhibiting migratory and invasive, which support development of 4-XL-PPD as a potential agent for cancer therapy., (Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)
- Published
- 2019
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