Search

This research was carried out to determine whether the comprehension level differs according to the reading environment by examining the studies comparing the comprehension level according to reading from the screen and from the paper by using meta-analysis method. Meta-analysis method was used in this research. The data of the study were obtained from 12 studies (29 comparisons). All of these studies are studies in which Turkish texts are used in reading. The analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the Comprehensive MetaAnalysis software. In the interpretation of the studies, random effects model was taken as basis. As a result of the analyses performed, a significant and medium effect size (g=-0.423, p=0.003) was found in favor of reading from the paper. Therefore, this result shows that comprehension achievement is higher in reading from the paper than reading from the screen. In addition, it was determined that the effect sizes did not differ significantly according to the publication year, grade level, text type and digital tool. It is recommended to perform studies on improving the screen interface and screen reading skills.

How has education for refugees been shaped by broader dynamics of educational privatization? This paper argues that the invoking of the 'refugee crisis' narrative has been a crucial force in facilitating the privatization of this sector. The urgency of crisis helps to naturalize private actors' participation in refugees' education as equal partners to host governments, multilateral agencies, and civil society. Consistent with Stephen Ball's (2012) distinction between privatization in and of education, the privatization of refugee education also advances through two dimensions: the creation of a new space -- a new 'market' -- for private actors, and the infusion of market and business principles such as 'innovation' into all aspects of education. The crisis narrative has created a new 'horizon of taken-for-granted' (Hall, 1993), where it is simply natural that private actors must participate in the assumption of the traditional responsibilities of the state in providing education for refugees.

School-age children constitute a significant portion of the Syrian refugee population in Türkiye. However, the number of studies examining the Syrian refugee children with disabilities (SRCwDs) is very limited. This paper examines intersections of race, disability, and refugee status by providing a systematic review of the available research focusing on SRCwDs residing in Türkiye. After giving contextual information regarding the status of Syrian refugees and presenting research on Syrian refugee children in Türkiye, this paper analyses existing studies on SRCwDs within the theoretical framework of DisCrit. This analysis reveals that research focusing on SRCwDs living in Türkiye is very limited and reliable and comprehensive data is necessary to identify their number in the country. There are also numerous problems regarding their access to services and schooling. Finally, this paper offers recommendations for practice and further research.

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an important public health problem. It refers to a developmental disability and can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. According to the previous studies there is no precisely treatment for individuals with ASD. However, they can be improved and can be taught important skills such as expressing their feelings, overcoming their fears, developing their physical abilities and working and bonding with their peers by especially sport education. Sport education or training was implemented with 10 participants with ASD aged 5,5-29 years. One parent from each family who accompanied ten individuals with ASD during sporting events participated in this study. A standardized open-ended interview method was applied to the parents. Social Skill Interview Questions and Academic Skill Interview Questions were applied to the interviewees. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed. The purpose of the current study was to explore the effect of sports training on social and academic skills in individuals with ASD. Sport helped individual with ASD make progress in social skills such as communication, participation in the game, social relations, behavioral problems and waiting in line, body awareness and balance control, interests, following rules and instructions. On the other hand, it did not yield to the ability to transition from activity to activity and it did not contribute to a few individuals with ASD, while it contributed positively to many individuals with ASD, although some had rather slow success. In the academic skills of sports, perception studies supported skills such as preparation for first literacy, sound words and sentences, listening, relations between objects, and rhythmic counting. While it was recognized that sports contributed considerable improvement to some of the individuals in skills such as writing their own names, grammar, natural numbers, operations, and measures, unfortunately it did not help some of them in progress. It was observed that the majority of those who did not progress were younger. Sport training or education did not support to the ability to perform operations using division and calculator. Evidence suggests that sport education has ultimately a positive effect on the social and academic skills of individuals with ASD. [Paper presented at the International Eurasian Sports Education and Society Congress (5th).]

This study aims to investigate the distance education process during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of parents. It is also aimed to determine the problems regarding children's education that arose in this period and the educational and social activities parents do with their children. The study is designed as qualitative research. Parents with children studying at a primary school were included in the study group. A total of 20 parents participated in the study. Semi-structured interview forms developed by the researchers were used for data collection. Within the scope of the data obtained in the research, the problems experienced by parents in this period were collected under the categories of "instructional problems, social problems, and technological problems," and the activities they did with their children were collected under the categories of "health-related activities, educational activities, and social activities." [This study was presented at the International Conference on Studies in Education and Social Sciences (ICSES) which took place on December 3-6, 2020 in Istanbul, Turkey.]

The perception of a teacher with regards to a child's participation and their practices affect his/her participation in educational institutions. To provide effective participation, teacher's awareness and attitudes towards participation must be examined. This research aims to determine the views of Turkish pre-school and elementary teachers on children's participation in educational institutions. The participants of the study were comprised of 16 teachers employed in public preschools and elementary schools in a province in Turkey's Inner Aegean Region. The teachers' interview form is used as the data collection tool in this study. As a result of the research, it was determined that teachers had a positive perspective on children's participation, they allow for certain conditions to enable participation coupled with decision-making processes in a limited fashion. Furthermore, it was concluded that teachers had methodical difficulties in decision-making and they thought that they needed to improve themselves in promoting participation. Teachers also thought that the teacher, peer relations, and family are effective on the participation. [This study was presented as an oral presentation at the VI. International Eurasian Educational Research Congress, June 19-22, 2019, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.]

This study aims to descriptively analyze the studies on multiple disabilities in Türkiye between 2008 and 2022. The data of the research were searched in Anadolu University Library, Google Scholar, and Higher Education Institution Thesis databases with the keywords multiple disability, multiple disabilities, and additional disability. In this context, 15 postgraduate thesis studies and 17 articles were included in the research. The studies included in the study were analyzed under themes such as the year they were published, the university where the study took place, the keywords of the study, the method of the study, the design, the data collection technique/tool, and data analysis method, the journal in which the study was published and its index. As a result of the descriptive analysis, more adjustments were made to the qualitative research method, design, data collection technique, and paper clips. The studies used several studies in which individuals with multiple disabilities were participants in addition to those with visual impairments. The studies were carried out within the body of Gazi University. The studies have been published in journals that are extensively scanned in the ESCI index. At the end of the research, forward-looking suggestions are presented.

The qualitative community embraces transparent dialogue through sharing knowledge to improve rigour and develop new initiatives. In this paper, we recognise there are many complexities within qualitative research, leading to important debates. We explore the benefits and challenges, as well as the practicalities and technicalities, of conducting research that 1) employs multiple methods within the qualitative paradigm, 2) is interdisciplinary, and 3) examines a sensitive research topic 4) with a vulnerable group of participants. Specifically, when research is also 5) cross-cultural and 6) utilises participatory techniques. Through our discussion, we draw upon an existing project and examine the complexity of designing and completing intra-paradigmatic mixed methods research with children from different sociocultural contexts, underpinned by interdisciplinary perspectives, in a complex area like mental health.

Objective: This review summarizes evidence pertaining to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological health of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Materials and Methods: An electronic search was conducted using four major databases--PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Using an umbrella methodology, the reference lists of relevant papers were reviewed, and citation searches were conducted. The study included articles written in English between January 2020 and March 2021 that focused on the psychological health of autistic children and adolescents. Results: All eight studies included in the final review were cross-sectional. Three of the eight studies were conducted in Italy, two in Turkey, and one study each in Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom, with a total of 1,407 participants. All studies used a mixture of standardized and non-standardized questionnaires to collect data. The total number of patients were 1407 at a mean age of 9.53 (SD = 2.96) years. Seven studies report gender; male 74.7% (657/880) and female 25.3% (223/880). The finding showed that behavioral issues in children and adolescents with ASD have significantly increased; 521 (51.9 percent) of the 1004 individuals with ASD presented with behavioral changes, including conduct problems, emotional problems, aggression, and hyperactivity. Some studies also found increased anxiety and difficulties managing emotions. Only one study reported clinical stabilization in children with ASD during COVID-19. Finally, 82.7% of families and caregivers of children with ASD (544 out of 658) faced challenges during COVID-19. Conclusion: Although the studies in this review suggest a general worsening of ASD children's clinical status, it remains difficult to draw definitive conclusions at this moment, with newer COVID-19 variants on the rise worldwide. During this difficult pandemic period, caregivers, families, and healthcare professionals are recommended to pay more attention to the ASD patients' health and care needs.

This study was conducted in a survey model in order to compare the drawing development of gifted and children of normal development in the Scheme Period (7-9 years). A simple random sampling method has been included in the study of 122 gifted children with 135 children of normal development. In the study, the data were collected via the drawings of the children, and as a data collection tool, the Drawing Evaluation Form, was used. The pictures that the children made were evaluated by the researcher and a painting teacher using the Drawing Evaluation Form. The data analysed using descriptive statistics and 2 × 2 analysis of variance showed that drawing characteristics of gifted and children of normal development are similar; it was also found that the difference between boys and girls was not significant, and that the drawings of children who showed non-gifted differed according to the age. [This study was presented as a verbal presentation at the V. International Congress of Gifted and Talented Children and Education Held on 4-6 May 2018.]

The aim of this study is to examine mobile games in the context of their content and to evaluate the situations faced by children through document analysis in terms of age-rating, game score, access permissions, the inclusion of advertisements, in-game purchases, encouraging consumerism, the inclusion of violence, bad habits, and educational value. The review and rating data of the games which can be found in Common Sense Media and Google Play Store were included in the study. These data were analyzed by descriptive content analysis using frequency (f) and percentage(%) values. According to our findings, it was revealed that 92% of the games involved in the study included in-game purchases and 75% of them included advertising. As a result of the investigations, it was also found that mobile games requested a lot of access permissions during installation. In addition, it was concluded that 90% of mobile games encouraged consumerism and 50% contained violence and fear elements. We think that the results are important in the way that they reveal the possible risks encountered by young people while they are playing mobile games and also in terms of increasing the awareness on the subject for both the users and their parents. [This study was presented as a paper at the International Computer and Instructional Technologies Symposium (ICITS-2019) (13th, Kirs¸ehir, May 2-4, 2019.]

The purpose of this study is to examine the language acquisition approaches whose conceptions of language acquisitions are transferred to learning environments through adjustments made on the basis of application methods. The paper also discussed their similarities and differences. Different approaches to language acquisition in various disciplines, different views, and perceptions of it have been developed. There are some approaches completely distinct from others, while there are some others affected by different perspectives. In addition to the language acquisition approaches mentioned above, the paper delineated what literacy skills are and what kind of hierarchical order is followed by the development of these skills. The study, on one hand, deliberated children's innate abilities and their acquired skills. by examining the reading and writing methods and from which approach they have been affected. The study, on the other hand, summarized the views of Vygotsky, whose contributions to learning in general and language acquisition in particular are better understood today. In brief, this paper discusses and explains the language acquisition approaches and the development process of children's literacy skills.

The present study investigated the phenomenon of being a father of a child who is deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) and attending an early intervention service in the Turkish context. The research was designed as a transcendental phenomenological study. The participants were seven fathers of children who were DHH. Data were collected through interviews, document analysis, and a reflective journal. The findings indicated that the fathers experienced fatherhood as a responsibility toward their DHH children and families. Although they experienced much sadness when they learned that their children were deaf, they interpreted the deafness as both the will of God and a challenge. To deal with deafness, the fathers attended an early intervention service and completed educational assignments. The fathers expressed concerned about the future of their children; thus, they said, they intended to support them as long as they, the fathers, lived. [Paper presented at the National Special Education Conference (27th, Samsun, Turkey).]

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of stress-response psycho-training on the stress levels of mothers with autistic children. The research was experimental in design encompassing a pretest-posttest model with control and placebo groups. Participation in the study was voluntary with a total of 28 mothers of autistic children included with 10 in the experimental group, 11 in the control group and 7 in the placebo group. The Perceived Stress Scale was used as the data collection tool in the research. Stress-response psycho-training based on the cognitive-behavioral approach developed by the researcher was applied with the aim of lowering stress levels of participants in the experimental group over 9 weekly sessions. The placebo group participated in 3 sessions of group guidance activities about the causes of stress and place in life. The control group did not have any procedures applied. For statistical analysis the repeated measurements variance analysis technique was used. The stress-response psycho-training applied in the research was identified to have a significant effect in reducing the stress levels of mothers with autistic children. The obtained results are discussed within the framework of other research in the relevant literature and recommendations are made. [This research was submitted as an oral presentation to Antalya/Turkey 2017 26th International Conference on Educational Sciences.]

Like every child, children with visual impairments have the right to access education and become fully independent individuals. However, vision is one of the most essential senses to access information. Therefore, children with visual impairments face significant challenges in accessing information and participate into educational activities. This leads to a number of barriers for people with visual impairments in becoming fully independent individuals in everyday life . The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of how vision influence children with visual impairments, how they should be educated and what they should be educated about. This discussion leads on a further discussion if an additional curriculum, apart from the national curriculum, is needed for students with visual impairments in Turkey. Therefore, an overview of important developments in creating the Expanded Core Curriculum (ECC) in the USA is provided. Moreover, this paper will give an overview of each ECC area and discuss why the ECC is crucial in education and everyday life of people with visual impairments in Turkey.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of geometry instruction activities conducted in nature based on modeling, game-based, and cooperative learning methods on achievement, mathematical motivation, and visual mathematical literacy perceptions of third-grade elementary school students. The present study is a quantitative study conducted with a pre-test/post-test experimental design with a control group. The study was conducted with 61 students (35 students in the experimental group and 26 students in the control group). Modeling-, game-, and collaborative learning-based activities were conducted with the students in the experimental group. It was determined that the achievements of students who were instructed with modeling-based activities in geometry were high when compared to that of the students instructed with collaborative learning- and game-based methods, and those in the control group where no intervention was applied. This group was followed by the game-based and collaborative learning groups. Based on the variable of motivation, the mean motivation of the students in the modeling group was higher when compared to that of the students in the collaborative learning, game-based, and conventional instruction groups. This group was followed by the collaborative and game-based learning groups. Also, based on the visual mathematical literacy perception variable, the mean visual mathematics literacy perception of the students in the collaborative learning group was higher when compared to that of the students in the groups where the modeling, game-based, and conventional instruction methods were used. This group was followed by the modeling and game-based learning groups. [The research in this article was presented at the International Social Sciences and Education Conference, November 14-17, 2018, in Diyarbakir, Turkey.]

Neoliberalism along with other sites of cultural, social and political life has created deep impacts on childhood. With the rise of neoliberalisation of policies, childhood has come to be defined in terms of economic utility and wellbeing of society. In this paper, we examine the process of neoliberalisation through the changing role and meaning of childhood. We inquire the role of childhood in re-imagining of the Turkish society based on the data from the document of the strategic vision of the Turkish government. We seek to track the evolving notion of childhood and roles ascribed to it. By applying a critical discourse lens to the document of 8th Five Year Development Plan and Strategic Vision of 2023, we explain how the cultural politics of childhood work as tools of creating present and future workers. We examine the shifting place of childhood and instrumentalisation of childhood in neoliberal imagination of policy.

The aim of the present study is to acquire data through instructor opinions on the benefits of using literary texts for teaching Turkish as a foreign language. In this respect, a semi-structured interview form was prepared and applied to 50 Turkish instructors working at the Suruç Temporary Refuge Center in Sanliurfa, Turkey, within the scope of the project "Supporting the Integration of Children to Turkish Education System (PICTES)". The opinions of 50 instructors were examined and it was determined that using literary texts in teaching Turkish as a foreign language contributed to teaching Turkish, improved language skills and provided cultural transfer. The present paper provided several suggestions based on these findings.

Within the tradition of ethnographic classroom research, this paper studies how pupils with a minority background are disciplined and participate in different school subjects such as Danish, English, math and science in Danish primary and lower secondary school settings. Whereas most research on minority children in classroom contexts focuses either on classroom social norms or effectiveness of teaching methods, this paper aims to understand how classroom behavioural norms and the norms for legitimate participation in the knowledge practices of different subjects impact each other. On one hand, our principal findings indicate that the teacher's foregrounding of behavioural norms in the classroom seems to displace knowledge practices, producing power struggles between pupils and their teachers. On the other hand, the teacher's foregrounding of knowledge practices tends to make schooling more meaningful for pupils, thereby reducing power struggles.

The aim of this paper was to examine the selected physical and motoric characteristics of students with mild intellectual disabilities. The total number of the participants was 119 (54 females and 65 males) and the mean age was 10.78 ± 1.88 years. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and body fat mass scores were collected to determine the physical characteristics. Handgrip strength, vertical jump, standing long jump, flexibility, and 20 m speed running tests were performed to determine the motoric characteristics. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 22 package program. Descriptive statistical methods were used in the evaluation of the data. The male students performed better than the female students in all motor performance tests except the flexibility test. The older students performed better, as in the previous studies. Most of the students in the study were found to have a low or normal body mass index. However, according to the literature, children with special needs tend to be overweight and obese due to sedentary lifestyle. One reason for this difference might be a small sample size. Other reasons could be different socio-economic backgrounds and different extracurricular physical activity habits.

The aim of this study is to explore prospective school counselors' views on school violence and aggression by means of a news story reporting a case of school violence. The sample was comprised of 40 students (31 women and 9 men) studying in the Program in Guidance and Counseling in a Turkish state university, and enrolled in the elective course titled "Prevention of Violence and Aggression in Children and Adolescents" in 2016-2017 academic year. The course is available in the curriculum of the Program in Guidance and Counseling. Within the scope of the course, students have studied a newspaper article brought to the classroom by instructor. Then, based on this news story, prospective counselors were asked "to evaluate the school violence incident as a counselor working in that school" in the first place, and "to mention which intervention and prevention actions they could take as a counselor working in that school" in the second place. Students wrote their opinions on the paper. For descriptive analysis of data, interpretative phenomenological analysis--a qualitative research design--was used. Research findings were then discussed with regard to causes, consequences, and prevention of violence and aggression in children and adolescents with the related literature

In the process of screening and evaluating children with reading difficulties, and planning, monitoring, and evaluating reading improvement interventions for those children, standard reading tests are usually not used in Turkey. The first version of the Oral Reading Skills and Comprehension Test (SOBAT®) was developed by Prof. Dr. H. Gülsen ERDEN, and the validity and reliability studies of SOBAT® were conducted between 2002 and 2012. To expand to include children between the ages of 7 and 14, and form the parallel form of the test, A and B, a research project supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) completed between 2013 and 2015. The purpose of this paper is to share the pilot study findings of the project. A total of 232 tests were conducted within the scope of the pilot study.

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often at greater risk of experiencing stress and lower quality of life, in comparison to parents of typically developing (TD) children and other developmental disabilities. Despite vast literature on parental experiences in Western countries, little is known about this topic in Eastern Europe. Thus, we aimed to map studies that addressed parental experiences of children with ASD in Eastern Europe using the Double ABCX theoretical framework. The Double ABCX Model of family adaptation describes how families responds to stressors over time, based on the intercorrelation of available resources, coping mechanisms and appraisal of stressors. Following a scoping review methodological framework, we conducted a comprehensive search of three databases. We ultimately included 15 peer-reviewed studies in the review. Within each study, we examined Double ABCX Model factors. The studies were conducted in nine Eastern European countries and included parents of children and adults with ASD. Consistent with studies conducted in Western countries, parents of children with ASD expressed more personal and family challenges and greater maladaptation compared to parents of TD children. Moreover, families reported lower satisfaction with quality of life and more health problems. The small number of included papers from nine countries suggests that parental experiences of children with ASD in Eastern Europe are overlooked in the literature. Future research should explore findings from this review that differed from the Western literature, including contributing factors to parental adaption in families in Eastern Europe.

Objectives: The purpose of the pilot study was to investigate the effects of a mother-participated sports activities on the awareness levels of mothers having children with intellectual disabilities (ID) towards the effects of sports. Method: The study group constituted 24 mothers having children with ID. Participants were randomly allocated into a application group (n = 12, mean age = 40.41; SD = 4.52 years) and a control group (n = 12, mean age = 39.16; SD = 4.96 years). The mothers and their children with ID in application group were applied for 1 h a day for 3 days a week throughout 16 weeks with a sports program. During the program, while the mothers in application group directly participated in sports activities once a week with their children, they observed the performances of their children for two days as observers. The data were obtained by Awareness Scale towards the Effect of Sports on Individuals Having Intellectual Disability. Results: The findings indicated that there was a significant increase in the awareness level of application group towards the effects of sports. Conclusion: In light of present findings, we concluded that sports activities might have a positive effect on the awareness levels of mothers having children with ID towards the effects of sports. It is recommended that the findings of this pilot study should be further examined in future research. [This study was presented as an oral presentation at the III International Exercise and Sport Psychology Congress, 23-25 October 2015, Istanbul, Turkey.]

A body of research indicates the importance of interventions for promoting the development and progress of children with visual impairments. However, the research available on suitable interventions for this population is relatively sparse. The purpose of this review is to identify, collate and appraise the available research evidence on implementation barriers and facilitators of interventions for children with visual impairments, their parents/guardians or educators. A systematic scoping search of peer-reviewed literature (including grey literature) was conducted from 15 June 2016 to 7 August 2016 and 2 May 2019 to 5 May 2019. Initial searches identified 6802 papers with 15 meeting the inclusion criteria. Three additional articles were identified through hand searching giving a final total of 18 included studies. The methodological quality score of the studies was variable with 61% scored in the average quality range. Sensory strategies, a family-centred approach, in-service training and routines-based activities were identified as implementation facilitators. Barriers were a lack of adaptive equipment and training for parents and professionals, complicating factors associated with the child's disability and an absence of specialists in interventions. Effective intervention strategies differ for this targeted population which requires individualised applications associated with teacher and parent/guardian training. For health or education professionals who work with children with visual impairments, the outcomes of this review suggest that a detailed assessment and identification of the individualised needs of children and their families, coupled with carefully designed and tested support practices to meet their individualised needs as well as promoting integrated working between health and care services, can optimise the positive implications for future practice. Along with this, future consideration should be given to the identification of the needs of children with visual impairments and additional disabilities in order to facilitate the adjustment of intervention strategies for this group.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the instruction process provided through computer-assisted activity schedules in the instruction of on-schedule and role-play skills to children with autism spectrum disorder. Herein, a multiple probe design with probe conditions across participants among single subject designs was used. Four children aged between four and ten participated in the study. The findings of the study showed that the instruction process provided through computer-assisted activity schedules has an effect upon the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of the on-schedule and role-play skills of the children participating in the study. With respect to the social validity findings of the study, families and teachers gave positive opinions about the instruction process. In this paper, the findings obtained from the study are discussed and suggestions are made regarding implications and future research.

This paper examines how the religious education of Turkish children in the "old letters" became an area of everyday contestation between the state and families and communities in the late 1920s and 1930s. Since children were seen as the nation's future, state authorities were adamant about teaching the new generation the new alphabet and were equally interested in preventing them from learning the old alphabet. While schools began using the new Turkish alphabet in the 1928-1929 academic year, the informal neighbourhood Qur'an courses held in mosques and private homes became a fiercely contested site between a state determined to socialise children into secular nationhood (partly) by preventing them from learning the Arabic letters, and families and imams who were committed to giving children religious education (necessitating the study of the Arabic alphabet so the Qur'an could be read in its original Arabic). Combining primary sources from previously untapped Ministry of the Interior documents concerning the monitoring in Anatolian towns of these informal courses with insights from the subaltern school on everyday forms of resistance, this article sheds light on a dimension of the 1928 alphabet reform that ties together questions of alphabet change, national and religious identities, education, and childhood.

Objectives: This paper investigates the associations of social competence with cognitive representation and communication skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), by measuring these skills in an expansive way through assessing both mental and internal-state understanding, and verbal and non-verbal communication. Methods: The data were collected from 45 Turkish children (M[subscript age]=8.52 years, SD=3.05, min-max=3-14) with a diagnosis of ASD. Individual assessments were used to measure mental- and internal-state understanding. Teacher-rated scales were used to assess child's verbal and non-verbal communication skills, and social competence. Results: The results showed that social competence, cognitive representation, verbal and non-verbal communication skills were all significantly associated, but over and above cognitive representation skills and verbal communication, non-verbal communication had a salient role in adaptive social relationships of children with ASD. Conclusions: These findings have important applied implications for intervention studies and suggest that improvements of non-verbal communication skills in children with ASD might be important for increasing their positive social relations.

A vast array of studies has demonstrated that stimulating activities within the family (e.g., reading to child, singing together) positively affect children's development in various domains. However, this influence is less established for children of immigrants. This paper analyses the impact of familial activities on non-verbal cognitive skills and German-language skills of six-year-old children of Turkish immigrants in Germany. It is argued that not only the frequency of familial activities but also the language use during these activities needs to be considered in immigrant families which has rarely been done in the previous literature. Not taking into account the language use during these activities might be especially problematic in the domain of verbal skills. The empirical results show that the frequency of stimulating familial activities is positively associated with children's verbal and non-verbal skills. In contrast, the language use during these activities only affects children's language skills but not their non-verbal cognitive skills. It is concluded that the language use during familial activities needs to be taken into account in the case of verbal skills.

The two decades following the establishment of the Turkish Republic witnessed the growth of the pervasive fear that vagrant and homeless children and child delinquents presented a threat to the physical, mental, and economic well-being of the nascent Turkish nation. Newspapers of the period regularly touched upon the issue, alerting the public and state officials to the increase in the number of vagrant and homeless children on the streets of Istanbul, and to the crime and other troubles caused by these "küçük sefiller" ("little miserables"), as a deputy from Istanbul called them. The language of these newspaper articles was an amalgam of both humanitarian sentiments such as showing charity and mercy to these groups and fears that necessitated their social and moral control in order that they become re/productive citizens of the new Republic. In this paper, I explore how certain child populations gained visibility and intelligibility during the first few decades of the Turkish Republic. I particularly focus on a modern child rescue institution, "Çocuklari Kurtarma Yurdu," founded in this period as an amalgam of numerous--at times competing--discourses that fixated on the bodies of "street children," a colloquial term that referred to a heterogeneous group of children including child delinquents, vagrant, homeless, and destitute children. The institution blended modern mental hygiene principles derived from psychology/psychiatry with progressive vocational education and humanitarianism, with the ultimate goal of fabricating mentally and physically sound and economically productive republican citizens out of these "abnormal bodies."

Background: Ethnic educational inequality is present in almost all Western societies. One possible explanation for the persisting disadvantages of children from immigrant family backgrounds is discrimination. Individual ethnic discrimination has been reported in the form of ethnic bias in school teachers' evaluations and recommendations. Children of immigrant families tend to be disadvantaged with regard to both school teachers' evaluations of their competencies as well as to recommendations of further steps in their educational career. Purpose: The aim of this research paper is to analyse whether ethnic bias is also present at earlier stages of the educational career, in kindergarten teachers' recommendations. The study, conducted in Germany, investigated (a) whether kindergartens' recommendations of school entry (early, regular or delayed school entry) differed with respect to whether the child had a Turkish migration background or was a child of German origin and (b) whether these potential differences can be explained by children's individual skill levels and family background characteristics. Design, sample and methods: The research was carried out from a quantitative secondary analysis, using data from the longitudinal project "Preschool education and educational careers among migrant children", conducted in Germany since 2006. The sample consists of 742 children, with around half of the sample being children of Turkish origin and half being children of German origin, and their parents. Parents were interviewed and children's individual skills were tested using standardised instruments from the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children. The effect of Turkish origin on kindergarten teachers' school entry recommendations is analysed, controlling for children's social background, individual skills (non-verbal cognition, German language, mathematics) and children's social behaviour, using a stepwise multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: The analysis indicated that, although kindergarten teachers' school entry recommendations differed according to a child's ethnic background, there was no ethnic bias evident. Children of Turkish origin were significantly less frequently recommended for early school entry than children of German origin and significantly more often for delayed school entry, but these differences vanished when the parents' educational level was controlled and disappeared when children's individual skills and social behaviour were additionally considered in the model. Conclusions: We conclude that, in the sample studied, there was no ethnic bias in kindergarten teachers' school entry recommendations. The disadvantage of children of Turkish origin as compared to the children of German origin can be fully explained by differences in parental educational level and children's individual skills and social behaviour. The remaining effect of social background, however, should be studied further to clarify whether this effect captures other characteristics such as unobserved skills of the children and differences in parental engagement.

Background: This paper aimed to explore the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) signs/symptoms, and to investigate the possible link between signs/symptoms of TMDs and mouth breathing (MB) by evaluating along with other risk factors, in a Turkish subpopulation of children and adolescence. Methods: This study was conducted with the archival data of the patients who applied with orthodontic complaints. Data on demographic characteristics, family-related factors, systemic status, occlusion, breathing patterns, oral habits, and bruxism were retrieved from the archival records. Results: Nine hundred forty-five children and adolescents with a mean age of 14.82 ± 2.06 years were included in the study. Of the participants, 66% were girls, 60.4% were delivered by C-section, 8.4% of the participants had at least one systemic disease, 9.2% of the participants had allergy, and 4.3% of the participants' parents were divorced, 18.7% have an oral habit, 6.6% have bruxism, 29.8% have malocclusion and 14.1% have MB. Eight-point-five percent of participants have signs/symptoms of TMD. Among them 2.9% have pain, 3.7% have joint sounds, 1.4% have deflection, and 3.9% have deviation. Evaluation of the risk factors revealed a significant relation between the signs/symptoms of TMD and bruxism (OR 8.07 95% CI 4.36–14.92), gender (OR 2.01 95% CI 1.13–3.59), marital status of parents (OR 2.62 95% CI 1.07–6.42), and MB (OR 3.26 95% CI 1.86–5.71). Conclusions: According to the study's findings, girls and those with bruxism, divorced parents, and MB behavior are more likely to have signs/symptoms of TMD. Age found to have significant effect on the occurrence of the signs/symptoms of TMD alone, but together with other factors the effect of the age is disappeared. Early screening and intervention of MB as well as the signs/symptoms of TMD can help to limit detrimental effects of these conditions on growth, and quality of life of children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though Turkey's ruling party's (Justice and Development Party, the AKP) nation-building and desired citizen creation policies have been studied, its use of necropolitical narratives and propaganda in education has not been investigated. This paper addresses this gap by examining how the Turkish state ruled by the AKP has propagated its religious necropolitical narrative through the national curriculum and Directorate of Religious Affairs (Diyanet) in school textbooks, and magazines and comic books for children. The paper shows that these texts and comics try to indoctrinate children into a religious cult of martyrdom in different ways by encouraging them to view tragic death and getting killed for the nation as a positive event. This paper argues that these propaganda efforts are part of a religious necropolitical indoctrination campaign that seeks to create a new Islamist and jihadist generation of lifelong supporters of the AKP, which portrays itself in the educational texts as the embodiment of Islam, the Muslim Turkish nation and even the global Muslim community (ummah). This new religious generation is expected to believe that dying for the Islamist populist authoritarian regime is the greatest honour a person can bring upon themselves. This paper contributes to the necropolitics literature by showing that not only adults but also children have been targeted by authoritarian rulers' necropolitical propaganda attempts to create desired citizens who are ready to die for the regime, believing this is a religious obligation. Further research is needed to assess if and to what extent this propaganda has an impact on children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interdependence between the first and second language of bilingual immigrant children has not received sufficient attention in research. Most studies concentrate on mainstream language skills of immigrant pupils. In some studies, the gaps in the language development of immigrant children are documented by comparing mainstream pupils with immigrant children. The competence in the first language receives very little attention. In order to show the role of first language competence in second-language acquisition and lower school achievement, we present the findings of our empirical study by comparing bilingual Turkish immigrant children (n = 30, mean age = 67.27 months) in the Netherlands and monolingual Turkish speakers (n = 30, mean age = 66.97 months) in Turkey. The evidence presented in this paper shows that compared to monolingual Turkish speakers, Turkish immigrant children lag behind in their first language cognitive concepts, lexical, syntactic, and textual skills. Mothers' education level turns out to be an important factor in explaining the performance differences of immigrant children. This would have an effect on their concept and cognitive development as well as on their second-language acquisition.

This article discusses the response of a university psychology department to the devastating earthquakes that struck Türkiye on 6 February 2023, resulting in significant loss of life and widespread destruction. This paper focuses on the narrative practices undertaken by a university psychology department in the affected region, particularly the establishment of a psychological support telephone line staffed by volunteer psychologists. Beyond the initial establishment of the support line, the university extended its outreach to address the immediate needs of affected individuals in five cities, and subsequently, within the university premises. A “Tent of Hope” was established within a “container city” of displaced families to continue psychosocial support. This involved the volunteer efforts of psychology students to offer assistance to both children and adults. Initiatives also included the dissemination of a culturally sensitive booklet for the public and the development of a comprehensive booklet for therapists, aiming to empower individuals and communities in the aftermath of trauma. This paper includes reflections from people who contributed to these initiatives, sharing learning and insights relevant to others responding to natural disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Emergency & Intensive Care Medicine / Çocuk Acil ve Voğun Bakım Dergisi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Street children are the most excluded group of people in any society. The general attitude towards them is to criminalise and pathologise. The "To-gather with Children Project" (TCP) has been developed by the Maltepe University Research and Application Centre for Street Children (SOYAC) in Istanbul and implemented in conjunction with the General Directorate of Social Services and Child Protection Agency (SHCEK). SHCEK is the core state agency responsible for street children and their protection in Turkey. The TCP started in September 2010. Within the scope of this project, undergraduate psychology students visited SHCEK organisations for three hours on a weekly basis to engage with the children in joint activities that ranged from games and sports to training programmes, including helping the children with literacy skills. In June 2011, in-depth interviews were carried out with the children and their service providers for the purposes of evaluating the project. Findings are discussed from the Sociocultural Activity Theory, Child's Perspective, and Peer-based Intervention. This paper explores the outcomes of this research, which strongly put forward the importance of government-university partnership, of creating a socially safe environment through social partnership including peer-based intervention in working with street-involved children. (Contains 2 tables.)

Until recently, children and young people's experiences of international migration and mobility have received minimal attention. Young migrants are either neglected in migration and childhood/youth studies or depicted in theoretically essentialist frameworks as model or problem ethnic minorities. This paper focuses on a neglected issue with respect to an invisible ethnic group in the British context by examining the subjective meanings of crossing borders among young Turkish migrants into Britain. This study's empirical component is based on semi-structured interviews with 12 participants (six male and six female) between 16 and 21 years old. A narrative-based qualitative method was used to analyse interview transcripts, and particular attention is given to the content of participants' stories. The following three themes were chosen to re-present these young people's experiences on moving to the UK: the process of decision-making, initial experiences in the UK and family relationships after migration. The findings are discussed with reference to the relevant literature, policy-making and possible means of supporting young migrants. (Contains 1 table.)

In 1977 Draw-a-Person test was administered to fifth grade school children in a city and its surrounding rural villages in Turkey. In 2010, more than thirty years later, the test was administered again to a corresponding group of fifth grade children in the same locations. It is rare that we get scores from the "same" population over a period of more than three decades. This paper reports such a comparison over time and draws attention to continuities and changes that provide us with insights into the effects of social change and development on human performance. In line with the commonly reported increases in intelligence test scores over time, gains in the DAP scores were found. At the same time, the variations along the rural-urban and socio-economic development levels obtained in 1970s were maintained in 2010. The comparative results point to greater gains at the lower part of the IQ distribution, in the less developed areas, decreasing the overall variance among the different groups. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)

Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of breastfeeding, breast milk odour and mother's heartbeat sounds on perceived pain during heel lance procedures in term newborns. Design: This was a randomized three‐group experimental study. Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 90 newborns. The data were collected using pulse oximeter, fetal hand doppler, voice recorder, loudspeaker, a data collection form and the ALPS‐Neo Pain and Stress Assessment Scale for Newborn Infants. Results: During the procedure, newborns in the breast milk odour group had high levels of pain and stress, those in the mother's heartbeat sounds group had mild pain and stress, and those in the breastfeeding group had no pain and stress. Additionally, a statistically significant difference was found between their crying times. This difference was the highest for newborns in the breast milk odour group, followed by the mother's heartbeat sounds and breastfeeding groups, respectively. Conclusion: Breastfeeding and mother's heartbeat sounds, which are non‐pharmacological pain relief methods, are effective in neonatal pain management. However, breast milk odour is not effective for pain control in newborns. Further studies should examine the efficacy combinations of these methods. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The presence of pain is a major stress factor for newborns.The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends the use of non‐pharmacological pain control methods to relieve the pain caused by routine medical procedures in newborns. What this paper adds? This randomized controlled experimental study showed breastfeeding is a very effective method for pain control in newborns during heel lance procedures.The sound of the mother's heartbeat was found to be moderately effective.Breast milk odour was not effective for pain control in newborns. The implications of this paper: The use of non‐pharmacological pain management methods such as maternal heart sounds in combination with methods with high evidence level (breast milk, breastfeeding, etc.) may increase the effectiveness of pain management in newborns.In order to determine the effect of sense of smell on pain management in newborns, new studies should be planned comparing newborns of different postnatal ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the topic of "highly intelligent" children in Turkey (Baltas, 2006; Bozdag, 2001; Bumen, 2002; Demirel, Erdem & Basbay, 2006; Goleman, 2007; Kocer, 2005; Kulaksizoglu, Bilgili & Sirin, 2004; Onay, 2006; Saban, 2005; Yavuz, 2001; Zohar & Marshall, 2004). However, the general understanding of "intelligence" seems to be the psychometric definition consisting of the logical, mathematical, and verbal intelligences supposedly measured by IQ tests. In the US, currently IQ score is the main determining factor in access to gifted programs (Ascher, 1992; Borland, 2003; Sapon-Shevin, 1994). A similar situation is observed in Turkey though such schools are not as widespread. The purpose of this paper is to examine the emergence of the psychometric definition in the West, look at its analysis through a Foucauldian lens (Borland, 2003) in order to increase awareness about what IQ really means, make suggestions for Turkey about the use of the tests and underline possible alternative approaches.

Copyright of Novitas-ROYAL is the property of Novitas Royal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a computer-based story, which was designed in anchored instruction framework, on sixth-grade students' mathematics word problem-solving achievement. Problems were embedded in a story presented on a computer as computer story, and then compared with the paper-based version of the same story and to a condition that presented the problems as typical, isolated word problems (i.e., a non-story condition including only problems). One hundred twenty-eight sixth-grade students from two public middle schools in Turkey participated in this study. In a pretest-posttest experimental design, students were randomly assigned to one of the treatment groups mentioned earlier in which they solved the same mathematics word problems. A one-way analysis of covariance was used to analyse students' achievement in the treatment groups. The results indicated that students who solved the problems in the computer story treatment had significantly higher achievement scores than students who solved the problems in the paper story and isolated word problems treatments. In addition, the story was found to be significantly more effective than the non-story treatment when it was presented on computer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]