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The recycling of bio-waste from households is an essential factor in achieving the recycling quotas for municipal waste laid down by the EU. A major problem is posed by impurities in the bio-waste collected, such as plastics, metals and glass. It is virtually impossible for compost producers to produce quality-assured compost from bio-waste with an impurity content of more than 3 wt%OS. The draft of the new Austrian Compost Ordinance stipulates a limit of 2 wt%OS of interfering substances in accepted bio-waste. A rapid measurement method has been developed and comprehensively validated for the immediate on-site checking of contaminant content at the bio-waste bin or in a vehicles. Data on the type and amount of impurities collected in the course of sorting analyses carried out over several years in 10 selected areas in Styria, Austria showed an average impurity content of 2.1 wt%OS. This impurity content can be considered representative for rural and urban communities in Austria. Among the interfering substances, plastics predominate, at 53%, of which pre-collection bags made of plastics form the highest proportion. A more detailed examination of pre-collection bags shows a higher proportion of use of biodegradable plastic bags, which have become more numerous in recent years in the more rural communities. In order to reduce mis-sorting, the effect of a wide variety of measures on citizens was tested in selected areas. Here, the distribution of paper bags as well as the threat of a cost increase due to special collections in combination with distribution of these bags were the methods with the greatest effect. Motivational letters and the threat of special collections, however, showed no significant result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina is the property of Sociedad Entomologica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article will examine the RIPPING ATOPOS project initiated by the Athens-based ATOPOS Contemporary Visual Culture Organization (ATOPOS). In this project, contemporary artists and fashion designers are commissioned to create their own works of art or garments, either inspired by specific pieces or by using duplicates of the 1960s paper dresses from the ATOPOS collection. The article describes results of the collaborations with the different artists and fashion designers. The project has enabled ATOPOS to investigate new ways of handling, managing and displaying its collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the collection of Jacob Theodor Klein and the beginnings of scientific interest in amber in early modern Gdańsk. The text is intended to show the importance of this forgotten collection and the ongoing research into succinite (Baltic amber). The objects from Klein’s collection themselves have been dispersed, and have not survived to the present day, but Klein’s written inventory, which in 1740 ended up in the collection in Bayreuth to later reach Erlangen, allows the collection to be analyzed thoroughly. It is the numerous drawings of amber exhibits that are of particular importance. Thanks to the activities of Klein and his contemporaries, including Johann Philipp Breyn, and the drawings made at their request by their daughters, it is possible to trace the flow of objects between collections and reconstruct the meaning of the ‘paper museums’ they created. The text points to the key role of illustration as an element of information exchange in the respublica litteraria of the time and collaboration of scholars. The role of Gdańsk collections as the basis for the great collections being created at the time in St Petersburg and Dresden is also highlighted.

Copyright of Journal of the College Of Basic Education is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al-Mustansiriya Journal of Arts is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is of great concern in the modern-day atmosphere owing to its association with a variety of health impacts, such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Of the various size fractions of PM, it is the finer fractions that are most harmful to health, in particular ultrafine particles (PM0.1; UFPs), with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 100 nm. The smaller size fractions, of ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5; fine particles) and ≤0.1 µm (PM0.1; ultrafine particles), have been shown to have numerous linkages to negative health effects; however, their collection/sampling remains challenging. This review paper employed a comprehensive literature review methodology; 200 studies were evaluated based on the rigor of their methodologies, including the validity of experimental designs, data collection methods, and statistical analyses. Studies with robust methodologies were prioritised for inclusion. This review paper critically assesses the health risks associated with fine and ultrafine particles, highlighting vehicular emissions as the most significant source of particulate-related health effects. While coal combustion, diesel exhaust, household wood combustors' emissions, and Earth's crust dust also pose health risks, evidence suggests that exposure to particulates from vehicular emissions has the greatest impact on human health due to their widespread distribution and contribution to air pollution-related diseases. This article comprehensively examines current sampling technologies, specifically focusing on the collection and sampling of ultrafine particles (UFP) from ambient air to facilitate toxicological and physiochemical characterisation efforts. This article discusses diverse approaches to collect fine and ultrafine particulates, along with experimental endeavours to assess ultrafine particle concentrations across various microenvironments. Following meticulous evaluation of sampling techniques, high-volume air samplers such as the Chem Vol Model 2400 High Volume Cascade Impactor and low-volume samplers like the Personal Cascade Impactor Sampler (PCIS) emerge as effective methods. These techniques offer advantages in particle size fractionation, collection efficiency, and adaptability to different sampling environments, positioning them as valuable tools for precise characterisation of particulate matter in air quality research and environmental monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do the curators of science and technology collections represent the daily realities of doing science? Through the acquisition of Professor Stephen Hawking's office by the Science Museum, this paper will explore what is involved in making major acquisitions for national collections. How do curators consider what to preserve from the eclectic range of items found in the working spaces of scientists? What do the personal artefacts of a scientist's life represent, and what do acts of curatorial choices say about the narratives that are foregrounded -- and those that are not -- in positioning that life historically? And how do those choices illuminate the considerations involved in the way science and technology is represented in our national collections? By going beyond the glass case, we consider what it takes to bring an object into a collection: the intellectual considerations of how its stories are preserved for a nation and the practical considerations required so that items can even be considered for future display. The paper illuminates the formal and informal networks around scientists' collections, and the processes and judgements that science and technology curators make every day when choosing what could be important for defining our history. Using the Stephen Hawking office as a case study the article explores the representation of scientific practice in museum collections, the relationship of some collections with celebrity and disability, and some of the challenges posed by science and technology acquisitions compared to other types of museum object. The paper explores how knowledge is generated in museum collections, through the act of acquiring a new collection. It asks fundamental questions, which are essential to the fields of museology and science and technology studies, about the contribution to knowledge made by personal scientific objects. It goes beyond the study of collections as artefacts of display in exhibitions and galleries, providing a detailed analysis of a routine but oftenneglected aspect of behind-the-scenes museum work: the acquisition of a collection. Arguing that a large and complex collection is a vital tool for understanding the complexity of science, the paper uses the 'museum as method' (Thomas, 2016) which prioritises simple curatorial questions and the use of the objects in exploration; this enables scholars and curators to respond to material evidence of scientific knowledge, and identify narratives that are prioritised, and others that are obscured, in the historic record. In doing so, it suggests that curators are uniquely placed to provide insights into the roles of human and non-human actors in the construction of scientific knowledge, demonstrating how the Hawking collection allows us to explore the nature of scientific practice, the creation of scientific celebrity, and the potential to give visibility to disability within the history of science whilst de-centring the myth of the scientific genius in museum narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to construct a digital collection and database of traditional clothing that is convenient for the digital dissemination and application of traditional clothing and provide resources for research on clothing fashion, traditional clothing techniques, clothing culture, history and clothing teaching. Design/methodology/approach: A real object analysis method was used in this paper, based on 15 core elements of the internationally common DC metadata standard, and with consideration to the characteristics of clothing products and clothing industry application specifications, the core elements of DC are expanded to facilitate the detailed record of the characteristic information of clothing, especially the implicit clothing culture. A code symbol compilation method was developed to give each piece of clothing a unique number, facilitating identification, classification and recording. At last, a metadata construction scheme for traditional clothing was developed. A traditional embroidered children's hat and Mamianqunt serve as examples to demonstrate the metadata elements. Findings: The clothing meta-database provides a main body of traditional clothing while also paying attention to the collection of cultural elements. It is composed of five layers of classified data, source data, characteristic data, connotation data and management data, as well as 28 data elements, providing ease of sharing and interoperation. Originality/value: This paper expands the subset of fashion metadata by describing traditional clothing metadata, especially the excavation of clothing cultural elements, and developing code compilation methods so that each clothing product can obtain a unique identification number, thereby building a traditional clothing metadata construction scheme consisting of five data layers and containing 28 data elements. This scheme records the information about each layer of traditional clothing in detail and provides shared data for discipline research and industry applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper raises the theme of the history of Lampung in the old newspaper collection. The old newspaper collection is one of the rare collections in the National Library of Indonesia. Rare newspaper collections, apart from being a primary source in historical research, have other characteristics that are not shared by the collection of books or other collections in the National Library of Indonesia. This is the background of this research. This research used a descriptive analysis method. It observed and analyzed several collections of selected rare newspapers representing various periods from the Dutch colonial era, the Japanese occupation period, era of the independence revolution, and the old order government to the new order government period. The newspaper collections selected were those that contained information about Lampung from different periods. This is to prove that there are many traces of Lampung's history in old newspaper collections and they are not minor sources of data. There is a lot of important data that can become primary sources for historical research on Lampung. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Amman Arab University Journal is the property of Amman Arab University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper is the first attempt to summarize and analyse the scientific legacy of the notable British arachnologist John Alan Murphy (1922–2021) based on his publications and archival materials available at the Manchester Museum, UK. It presents a brief biography of J. Murphy, a critical analysis of his publications, particularly of his three substantial books, details of field trips undertaken with his wife Frances Murphy (1926–1995) in over 45 years and a short description of the rich, worldwide spider collection assembled by John and Frances. The paper is richly illustrated by photos obtained from colleagues who personally knew John Murphy and copies of archival items from the Manchester Museum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple factors influence the degree of completeness of any thematic collection, such as a biological collection encompassing any natural group, but even any collection of man-made items (including art collections and object collections) that encompass any specific theme. The concept of “completeness” itself is both subjective, inasmuch as it may refer to any purpose unilaterally defined by the collector, and objective, inasmuch as that purpose includes an exhaustive coverage of the actual diversity inherent in the chosen group. In a general sense, also the factors (or “conditions”) that exert their influence on the collection process can be grouped in two dimensions: objective (availability)and subjective (desirability). The former, quantitatively ranging from rarity to abundance, is subject to collection bias as scientifically defined, while the latter defines the subjective aims of the collector. Both are influenced by cognitive biases, whose discussion is beyond the scope of this short paper, meant just to provide a graphical representation, based on logical Venn diagrams, of those main conditions, and to elucidate the discrete categories at the intersection of the observed sets of items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of the circular economy is increasingly supported by many governments. It is performed by integrating the activities of reverse supply chain (RSC) into those of forward supply chain. However, many companies that traditionally focus on the activities of forward supply chain have decided to collaborate with third-party reverse logistics providers to manage the RSC. This collaboration motivates the work presented in this paper to propose better decisions for decision makers in the providers under the fact that integrating decisions of the collection of End-of-Life products and their disassembly process proposes a RSC with better performance. In this paper, an integrated problem concerning those decisions is presented and formalised. It also deals with the uncertainty of the quality and the quantity of products as well as the demands of the associated components. Two approximate methods are developed to provide the solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dermaptera is a polyneopteran order with > 2,000 described species from mainly tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions. More than 310 species of the Dermaptera belonging to nine families have been reported from the Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka) as a result of the extensive work of Gyanendra Kumar Srivastava. Embracing environmental and climatic heterogeneity, the Indian subcontinent is an intersection of multiple faunal regions and includes several dermapteran groups of special interest. To restart the studies on the Dermaptera of this region, which has been stagnant for a decade, this paper includes a beginner's guide for collecting and identifying Dermaptera, together with a brief summary of recent advances in their classification and phylogeny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Zoology Museum of Gazi University(ZMGU) has a collection of Türkiye by a variety of insect groups. In this paper is given presented list of suboder Heteroptera collection of this Museum, and this collection maintains much more than 381 species-group taxa belonging to 30 families. In the collection includes aquatic, semi-aquatic and terrestrial specimens of Heteroptera specimens, they are also important part of the ZMGU-collection. The collection material of Heteroptera was mostly stored in insect cases as pinned dry specimens or alcohol jars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This whitepaper examines the prevalent challenges and negative implications of using disposable absorbent product swabs for urine collection in cognitively impaired and/or frequent to fully incontinent individuals. Despite the growing use of this method in healthcare settings, it needs to be revised and or eliminated due to the high risk of contamination, leading to misdiagnoses, inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, patient discomfort, and wasteful healthcare spending. Through an analysis of the current practices, this paper highlights the need for innovative solutions prioritizing patient dignity, diagnostics accuracy, and care efficiency. The objective is to focus on scientifically researching and developing validated urine collection methods that reduce the risk of contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inadequate and inappropriate e-waste management in developing African countries is harmful to human beings and to the environment. This paper offers a South African industry point of view of four stakeholder groups active in managing e-waste from household consumers. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with 20 participants representing environmental specialists; governmental bodies; recycling/disposal entities responsible for collection and recycling, and supply chain members producing, distributing, and retailing. ATLAS.ti was used to analyse the transcribed interviews. Industry views and several practical recommendations for effective e-waste recycling and collection from household consumers were offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argument: This text is a reflection on the fate of a special kind of scientific object - anatomy collections - and their place in contemporary times. Though the phenomenon of keeping and displaying such collections is generally dying out, those specimens which survive continue to puzzle and fascinate us. To understand the current status of such collections, and the nostalgia evoked by the specimens within them, I argue, we should approach them as modern ruins. This allows us to think of them as places of absence, pointing to unfinished lives and unfinished scientific projects. The paper begins with the story of a preserved human face from the Francis I. Rainer anatomical-anthropological collection (Bucharest), and continues by discussing the fate of that collection, and of anatomy collections more widely. Ultimately, the paper asks, what is it that we want to preserve: specimens, practices, or research philosophies? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On May 2018, the European Commission enforced the law about personal information protection with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Indeed, it brings several improvements in data protection but could be seen as an obstacle for companies which business is based on the collection and use of personal information. The aim of this paper is to give best practices to these companies to still maintain their business while respecting the new regulation. By following both qualitative and quantitative methods, it will be present clauses that must be taken as an example for the concerned companies so that they would write and apply proper data privacy clauses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional farming systems have been an alternative given that global population growth has been accompanied by an increase in food needs, and areas for production have not been able to keep pace with growth. But the practice of conventional agriculture is the one that, along with other ways of aggressive exploitation of natural resources, economic development, has contributed to environmental degradation and resource depletion. Under these conditions, alternative solutions were sought both to reduce the pressure on the environment, but also to obtain healthier foods that would thus contribute to improving human health. Organic farming, sustainable agriculture, uses principles that have been applied for a long time, but with the advent of the concept of circular economy, as a way to reduce pollution and improve the health of the planet, have been sought solutions for its application in agriculture conventional. In this paper we aim to analyze the current situation of the use of pesticides in agriculture, as an important source of pollution, as well as the possibilities of implementing the principles of circularity in their use, given their high degree of toxicity. The working methodology involved the collection of existing data in national databases, as well as in international ones on the quantities of pesticides sold, the quantities of packaging resulting from their use, but also the possibilities of collection and recycling, as a way of applying recircularity. Based on the processed, analyzed and interpreted data, conclusions were formulated that could be the basis for establishing measures regarding the implementation of efficient circularity systems in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Iluminuras is the property of Revista Iluminuras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)