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2. The Telecommunications Stranglehold on Europe's Information Use: Practical Constraints for SMEs and Economic Assessment Based on Cost Models.
- Author
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Delcroix, Jean-Claude
- Abstract
There is a general feeling that European telecommunications are delaying the introduction of new information services. This paper responds to some of the questions concerning online information. The views result from research work at DECADE (Belgium) on the requirements of smaller organizations on the one hand and on telecommunications costs on the other. In the new information age, competition is forcing all companies and increasingly also SMEs (small and medium enterprises) to get and handle a lot of information. Speed and costs are two key competitive factors as SMEs operate with rather short term constraints and have very low purchasing budgets. Traditional online services appear far too expensive to use and very difficult to learn. The World Wide Web matches the knowedge acquisition paradigm of end-users and SMEs much better than traditional online services. From this perspective, in most European countries the current offer of online information services and related telecommunications methods is seriously lagging behind compared to the United States. This paper compares the network costs and the Internet-based services in Europe and in the United States; data is also provided about Japan. Graphics are shown with price comparison for leased lines and for Internet access. The paper then investigates shortcomings and looks at the likely evolution towards TCP/IP data networks and bandwidth costs per user. In the conclusion, key economic issues are addressed regarding information publishers, Internet/intranet service providers and of what European users might do. (Contains 10 references.) (Author/AEF)
- Published
- 1996
3. The Market Prospects for Consumer Online Services in Europe.
- Author
-
White, Martin
- Abstract
The rapid growth over the last few years of online services designed to appeal to a mass market audience in the United States encouraged many of the companies operating these services to consider launching them in Europe. This paper concentrates primarily on the European market of online services. The services fall into three categories: United States-owned services which are available and supported in Europe (for example America Online); European-owned services marketed in more than one country (for example Europe Online); and European-owned services marketed in one country (for example UK Online). The following factors which are likely to affect the rate of growth of subscribers to online services in Europe are discussed: installed base of PCs and modems; teletext; telecommunications costs; value added tax; language; information culture; electronic mail; and electrnoic shopping and banking. Taking into account these market development issues, some critical success factors for market potential and business prospects for mass market online services in Europe are outlined: market positioning and service differtiation; pricing and billing; marketing; content availability; and defining the basic services. It seems unlikely that there is a sufficient market in any one European country for more than two mass market services, providing they offer national language content and support. (AEF)
- Published
- 1996
4. Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA) (Madrid, Spain, October 19-21, 2012)
- Author
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International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS)
- Abstract
The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference intention was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There had been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality and multi-agents systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This conference aimed to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments. The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference received 98 submissions from more than 24 countries. Out of the papers submitted, 29 were accepted as full papers. In addition to the presentation of full papers, short papers and reflection papers, the conference also includes a keynote presentation from internationally distinguished researchers. Individual papers contain figures, tables, and references.
- Published
- 2012
5. Communicating with the Public about Wildland Fire Preparation, Response, and Recovery: A Review of Recent Literature
- Author
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Santo, Anna R., Huber-Stearns, Heidi, and Smith, Hollie
- Abstract
This review paper synthesizes peer-reviewed empirical research published between 2010 and 2021 about wildland fire communication practices. Our goal was to systematically review and provide an overview of how wildland fire communication has been empirically studied, and theoretical and methodological underpinnings and representativeness of this work. We found that researchers employ diverse theoretical and methodological approaches, yet most work originates from the western United States or Australia. Studies were published in diverse disciplinary journals, most frequently looked at residents as study subjects, and many sought to understand the effectiveness of communication. There is a need to build theoretical and methodological consistency in wildland fire communication research.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Motivational and Learning Strategies of Community College Students
- Author
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Harris, Sandra M., Edmundson, Larry B., and Jacobson, Rebecca
- Abstract
This study investigated the construct validity of an online version of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) for use with community college students. The MSLQ which is an 81-item, self-report inventory which consists of 2 sections and 15 scales that assesses college students' motivational orientations and learning strategies. The sample consisted of 158 participants from four community colleges located in the Western United States. A reliability analysis produced coefficient alphas which ranged from .49 to .93 for the scale scores. When compared to data from the normative sample, there was consistency in the coefficient alphas for 6 of the 15 scales. Of the areas of inconsistencies, the differences in values for coefficient alpha ranged from .05 to .20. Results indicate that while the MSLQ may be valid for assessing motivational and learning strategies, users must take caution when interpreting scores obtained from different cultures. Suggestions for further research discussed. (Contains 2 tables.)
- Published
- 2006
7. Book of Readings. Delta Pi Epsilon National Conference (Cleveland, OH, November 21-23, 2002).
- Author
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Delta Pi Epsilon Society, Little Rock, AR.
- Abstract
This document contains 17 papers from a national conference on promoting excellence in research and teaching for business. The following papers are included: "The Development of Innovative Learning Models for Modern Information Technology Professional Education" (Stephen C. Shih); "Entry-Level Information Services and Support Personnel: Needed Workplace and Technology Skills" (Faridah Awang, Marcia A. Anderson, Clora Mae Baker); "An Examination of Disciplinary Web Pages: A Study of Business Education's Presence on the Web" (Lisa E. Gueldenzoph); "Factors Related to Business Education Teachers' Integration of Technology into the Teaching-Learning Process" (Donna H. Redmann, Joe W. Kotrlik, Bruce Douglas); "Fields of Employment Longevity: A Study of Business Graduates" (Nancy Buddy Penner, Victoria Falconer, Harry Nowka); "Impact of Information Technologies on Faculty and Students in Online Distance Education" (Jensen Zhao, Melody Alexander, Heidi Perreault, Lila Waldman); "The Impact of Instruction on the Use of On-line Help on Computer Novices' Ability Tasks" (Joel A. Whitesel); "Perceptions about Three Indigenous English-Language Accents from Prospective and Practicing Argentine Providers of Business-Related Language Services" (Diana J. Green, James Calvert Scott, David D. Rosewarne); "Students' Perceptions of Cyber-Cheating" (Ronald F. Fulkert, Konnie G. Kustron); "A Survey of Exporting Activities with Implications for International Business Instruction" (Les R. Dlabay); "Developing a WebQuest" (Margaret J. Erthal); "Enhancing Education/Workplace Instructional Methods" (Carol Blaszczynski, Diana J. Green); "Innovative Activities for Business Communication" (Sandy Braathen, Lila Prigge); "Teaching Communications Online Using the Master Teacher Model" (William J. Wilhelm); "Conducting Longitudinal Research" (Michael Bronner); "E-Commerce Education: A Comparison of Employers' and Business Educators' Perceptions" (Lisa E. Gueldenzoph); and "Master Teachers Helping Future Teachers" (Margaret J. Erthal, Randall E. Smith). Most papers contain substantial bibliographies. (MN)
- Published
- 2002
8. Degree Production Trends by Program Area: A National Analysis 2004-2009
- Author
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State Higher Education Executive Officers, Nash, Chad, and Zaback, Katie
- Abstract
The national imperative for increased postsecondary level completions has never been clearer. In order to remain competitive in an ever-changing global market, the United States must produce an educated workforce; one that is ready to lead and inspire a 21st century economy. Recognizing this urgency, the President, several foundations, policy organizations, and states recently set several bold college completion goals. Since last year, the State Higher Education Executive Officers have added to the public dialogue with the release of a series of reports, including trends in national degree production and costs related to postsecondary completions and sub-baccalaureate certificate and degree growth. This report is a follow-up to "Degree Production and Cost Trends: A National Analysis", released in August 2010. With a focus on completions by program area over the last five years, the following questions continue to drive the authors' research and analysis: (1) What trends can be observed in completion production?; (2) Are there different state factors driving results?; and (3) What are the policy implications of a state's completion production? This analysis uses data downloaded directly from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), unlike the "Degree Productions and Costs Trends" report, which utilized the "Delta Cost Project's" dataset. To maintain consistency across these reports, institutions included in this analysis were based on data reported in the 2009 IPEDS Institutional Characteristics Survey. They include Title IV, public, postsecondary institutions from all fifty states that reported both full-time equivalent (FTE) and completions by Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) code. This analysis looks at degrees and certificates awarded by fields of study based on data collected in the IPEDS Completions Survey. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) created the first CIP taxonomy in 1980 to track fields of study, which was revised in 1985, 1990, 2000, and, 2010. For the purposes of this analysis, the 2-digit CIP series is utilized rather than the 6-digit or 4-digit CIP codes, the latter of which are more specific descriptions of a field of study. Further, the 57 individual 2-digit CIP codes were categorized into nine groups (see Appendix 1b); seven of those groups are examined in this report: (1) Arts and Humanities; (2) Business and Communication; (3) Education; (4) Health; (5) Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM); (6) Social and Behavior Sciences and Human Services; and (7) Trades. Additionally, this report groups academic awards as follows: (1) Certificate includes: Award of less than 1 academic year; Award of at least 1 but less than 2 academic years; and Award of at least 2 but less than 4 academic years; (2) 2 or 4 Year Degree includes: Associates degree and Bachelors degree; (3) Advanced Degree includes: Masters degree; Doctors degree; and First-professional degree; and (4) Post Degree or Advanced Certificate includes: Post-masters certificate; Postbaccalaureate certificate; and First-professional certificate. Although this report looks at total completions rather than a ratio of completions by student, parts of the analysis use FTE to put completions data into greater context. IPEDS describes FTE as "a single value providing a meaningful combination of full-time and part-time students." IPEDS provides two different measures of FTE, one based on enrollment and the other based on contact and credit hours, in other words institutional activity. Since the FTE calculated from contact and credit hours represents an institution's annual activity, this report uses this annual student FTE measure for the years analyzed in this study, 2003-2004 to 2008-2009. Appended are: (1) Carnegie Classification Institution Types; and (2) SHEEO Groupings of Program Areas Based on 2-Digit CIP Codes. (Contains 10 figures, 6 tables and 5 footnotes.) [This paper was written with support from Chris Crumrine and Tanya I. Garcia.
- Published
- 2011
9. Responses to the New International Information Order: The United States.
- Author
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Jacobson, Thomas L.
- Abstract
Third World nations' calls for a new international information order are discussed and the responses of Western governments and in particular of the United States government to those calls are analyzed in this paper. The paper notes the Third World countries' preferences for a more restrictive flow of information across borders, their limited interest in the use of technology to transmit information, and their internal policies of restricting access of information to less advantaged classes, positions that are not accepted by Western countries. Official Western government responses are described as having been expressed primarily through participation in United Nations sponsored conferences, especially those of UNESCO. An overview of these conferences and their major issues is provided. A discussion of the reasons behind Western policies that promote a more open right to communicate includes mention of the profit motive and cold war diplomatic and political intentions. (MKM)
- Published
- 1980
10. Communications Policies and Structures.
- Author
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International Inst. of Communications, London (England). and Pigeat, Henri
- Abstract
These two papers discuss communications policies and structures in France and in the United States. The first paper reports that efforts to develop new electronic communication systems in France are hindered by rivalry between two public monopolies and by governmental protection against foreign influence. The second paper assesses ownership of mass media in the United States, describing public policy and research on that subject. (RL)
- Published
- 1977
11. Communication between United States-Based Firms and Mexican Production Facilities.
- Author
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Waldman, Lila
- Abstract
A study examined the types of communication technologies being used by United States-based corporations with operations in Mexico to determine the challenges these companies face when communicating across the border. A total of 703 U.S. corporations doing business with Mexico (culled from lists in two professional directories) were chosen for the study. Of these, 100 agreed to participate and were surveyed by mail; 67 firms answered the survey. Questions were asked about plant facilities, years of operation in Mexico, number of employees, production percentages in both countries, expansion plans, communication technology, and problems with communication. The questions about communication centered on the percentage of communication carried on in English and Spanish and how often the organization experienced communication problems because of language difficulties. Forty of the firms (60 percent) indicated that at least 90% of the communication between the United States and Mexico was conducted in English. No relationship was found between the percentage of communication done in Spanish and communication problems. Fourteen companies (21 percent) listed problems, however, with telephone communication. The communication technology most often used by companies surveyed was fax, followed by phone, and then postal service. Possible solutions to communication problems might be training in communications systems or procedures for communication users, assignment of a person responsible for communication in the organization, and the development of communication standards. (Contains 14 representations of data transparencies.) (NKA)
- Published
- 1995
12. News as Interaction: Technology, Content and Audience.
- Author
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McKnight, Lee
- Abstract
This paper proposes an integrated approach to the study of world events, as they are filtered and interpreted in the news, by systematic experimental research on the interaction of the technological characteristics of the media, the content or message, and the characteristics of the audience. Specifically, it is hypothesized that these three factors operating within the general framework of a given social, political, and economic environment (in this case the United States) may affect understanding of world events. A detailed analysis is provided of these factors, which are defined as: technology, or the technical infrastructure needed to support a mode of information distribution; content, which is the topic, format, or style of presentation; and audience of/for news, i.e., the people who do or do not view, read or listen to the news; are or are not affected by the news; and react to, have opinions about and interact with the information conveyed by newspapers, magazines, radio, and television. A final section briefly discusses the mutual complex interactions among variables relating to the technology, content, and audience for news that will be examined at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Audience Research Facility. This series of news studies has been designed to challenge the current, dominant conclusion that the content matters, but the medium of communication does not. (34 references) (CGD)
- Published
- 1986
13. ICT and AIDS Literacy: A Challenge for Information Professionals in India
- Author
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Ghosh, Maitrayee
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of ICT to disseminate preventive health care information to combat the AIDS epidemic in India. The role of information professionals in various libraries and information centres and the challenges they are facing to increase HIV/AIDS awareness are discussed. Finally, recommendations are given and the conclusion is drawn that libraries and information professionals must develop AIDS literacy programmes to cater to the growing health information needs of the community. Design/methodology/approach: Literature search, web site information and personal interaction with the key persons associated with various HIV/AIDS awareness projects. Findings: Lack of knowledge about AIDS, its modes of transmission and ways to avoid infection, are major challenges in India. Staff in ICT-based library and information centres can make a high impact on the local community by developing community-based AIDS literacy programmes and hopefully save the society from an AIDS epidemic. There is a perceived need for providing health information services through public libraries to the illiterate rural population who are increasingly making themselves vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. However, awareness of e-channels is low, especially in rural India; one solution is to increase take-up and run AIDS awareness campaigns through electronic media. Originality/value: A summary is provided of ICT-based projects and initiatives by libraries and other agencies to disseminate AIDS information. Few multi-type consortia have been formed in the USA and UK to develop AIDS databases and e-learning modules are listed. These can be used as examples by Indian libraries with limited resources wishing to enhance community awareness through ICT. The concerted efforts amongst stakeholders are emphasized with the objectives of enhancing information professionals' skill in the AIDS information dissemination process.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Five Strategic Imperatives for Interdisciplinary Study in Mass Communications/Media Studies in the U.S. and U.K.
- Author
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Petrausch, Robert J.
- Abstract
Interdisciplinary study can allow students to share ideas with scholars in allied fields and broaden their knowledge of global issues. Mass communication/media studies programs in the U.S. and U.K. can serve as models to lead students into successful learning through interdisciplinary study. This paper outlines five strategic imperatives for the study of mass communication/media studies in the U.S. and U.K. Curriculum improvements are suggested for helping students evolve and grow into leaders in the field. (Contains a bibliography.)
- Published
- 2005
15. The Deregulation of U.S. Communication Policy.
- Author
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Meeske, Milan D.
- Abstract
This analysis of government regulation of America's broadcast service provides: (1) a historical view of radio and television regulation, including the doctrines of scarcity and public trustee and other areas affected by deregulation in particular; (2) an analysis of the argument for deregulation; and (3) an assessment of the First Amendment, the public interest standard, and content regulation. The major goal of the analysis is to determine the degree to which deregulation accommodates the contemporary American broadcast marketplace including both broadcasters and the public. It concludes that: (1) deregulation is likely to be beneficial to both broadcasters and the public in terms of greater program flexibility and innovation, and in reducing unnecessary economic burdens; (2) broadcasters will still be subject to comparative applications and renewals, as well as other statutory rules still in force, which may result in very little change; and (3) little progress has been made on the crucial issue of full First Amendment rights. (28 end notes) (CGD)
- Published
- 1986
16. Adult Learning and the American Worker. The Report of the National Panel on Worker Education and Training Policy.
- Author
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National Inst. for Work and Learning, Washington, DC.
- Abstract
This report examines the need for education and training during working life, the present structure of opportunity for it, and preferred directions for the future. In the introduction are addressed the relevance of adult education to work life and the advantages of concentrating on worker education. Focus of the next section is the effect of social and economic changes on the need for a growing structure of learning opportunities during working life. The final section discusses those elements in the already developed adult education experience that constitute bases for a larger structure of learning opportunity. These include (1) the 1970s' developments in postsecondary and other educational institutions, (2) the private sector tuition aid programs, (3) the links between industry training and economic growth, and (4) the emerging application of electronic and media technology. (YLB)
- Published
- 1980
17. Federal Information Policies: Views of a Concerned Community. A Summary of Proceedings of a Federal Library and Information Center Committee (FLICC) Annual Forum on Federal Information Policies (4th, Washington, DC, February 25, 1987).
- Author
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Library of Congress, Washington, DC. and Price, Douglas
- Abstract
This pamphlet summarizes the fourth annual Forum on Federal Information Policies, which was designed to give those in the academic, public, and private sectors an opportunity to articulate concerns regarding a trend in government information policy towards cutting back on the availability of federal data and publications and limiting such information to formats that are difficult to use. Following introductions by James P. Riley and William J. Welsh, Senator Albert Gore, Jr., presented the keynote address. The first panel session, Information Policies and Public Needs, with Joseph H. Howard presiding, included discussions of Government Printing Office (GPO) issues (Donald E. Fossedal); information policy questions (Donna Demac); depository library concerns (Glyn T. Evans); and a journalist's view (Lee Edwards). Topics presented at the second panel session, Information Policies and National Interests, with Jane Bortnick presiding, included security policies (John C. Wobensmith); communications issues (Elizabeth L. Young), impacts on the science community (J. Thomas Ratchford), and a secondary publisher's view (Herbert B. Landau). Highlights of each of these papers are included in the narrative. (KM)
- Published
- 1987
18. Preface.
- Author
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Noll, A. Michael
- Subjects
TELECOMMUNICATION ,MASS media ,SEPTEMBER 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001 ,TERRORISM - Abstract
This issue of the journal Prometheus includes an edited collection of papers by communication and media scholars from around the globe treating the social and societal aspects of the use of telecommunication and mass media tied to the tragic events that occurred in the United States on September 11, 2001. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. A Taxonomic Guide to University-Level Writing Assignments.
- Author
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Rains, Russell E. and Sechrest, Thomas
- Subjects
COMMUNICATION in education ,WRITTEN communication ,SOFT skills ,HIGHER education ,COLLEGE graduates ,COLLEGE teachers - Abstract
Educators have long noted a significant decline in the quality of written work received, especially in higher education. The popular press frequently cites evidence that employers of recent graduates, especially those from business schools, are increasingly dissatisfied with the level of the employee's socalled "soft skills," especially in terms of written communication. This paper presents a simple taxonomic approach to concept ideation and organization that can help transition student writers to a higher level that will help them in school and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
20. UNESCO and the U.S.: Action and Reaction.
- Author
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Mehan, Joseph A.
- Abstract
After World War II, the United States was the champion of communications as an international issue, but it has since become disenchanted with its formulation and debate. (PD)
- Published
- 1981
21. The U.S. Stake in the IPDC.
- Author
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Harley, William G.
- Abstract
Discusses the launching and operation of the International Program for Development of Communication (IPDC), a UNESCO clearinghouse for communications development. (PD)
- Published
- 1981
22. The U.S. View of Belgrade.
- Author
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Power, Sarah Goddard
- Abstract
A U.S. State Department assessment of the information and communication issues of the UNESCO General Conference at Belgrade, Sept. 23-Oct. 28, 1980. Includes abridged text of the UNESCO resolution on the MacBride Report. (PD)
- Published
- 1981
23. The Role of Communication Satellites in Education and Training: The 1990s.
- Author
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Polcyn, Kenneth A.
- Abstract
Presents an overview of satellite technology and trends in its use, reviews the evolution of education and training applications of communication satellites, and prognosticates about the possible national and international uses during the 1990s. A bibliography of 26 items is included. (CHC)
- Published
- 1981
24. Promising Step at Acapulco: A U.S. View.
- Author
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Block, Clifford H.
- Abstract
Gives a detailed analysis of progress at the International Program for the Development of Communications (IPDC) Conference in Acapulco, January 1982. Assesses the tone of the continuing international dialog on communications. (PD)
- Published
- 1982
25. U.S. Policy and the Third World: A Critique.
- Author
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Nordenstreng, Kaarle
- Abstract
Presents a critical view of U.S. support of the United Nations, UNESCO, the International Program for the Development of Communications (IPDC), and the New World Information Order. (PD)
- Published
- 1982
26. Mexican and U.S. News Coverage of the IPDC at Acapulco.
- Author
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Roach, Colleen
- Abstract
Focuses on the news coverage of the International Program for the Development of Communications (IPDC) Conference held in Mexico, January 1982. However, the IPDC is also analyzed in relation to the evolution of the international communication debate. (PD)
- Published
- 1982
27. Even a good influenza forecasting model can benefit from internet-based nowcasts, but those benefits are limited.
- Author
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Osthus, Dave, Daughton, Ashlynn R., and Priedhorsky, Reid
- Subjects
INFLUENZA ,RESPIRATORY infections ,PUBLIC health ,MATHEMATICAL models of forecasting - Abstract
The ability to produce timely and accurate flu forecasts in the United States can significantly impact public health. Augmenting forecasts with internet data has shown promise for improving forecast accuracy and timeliness in controlled settings, but results in practice are less convincing, as models augmented with internet data have not consistently outperformed models without internet data. In this paper, we perform a controlled experiment, taking into account data backfill, to improve clarity on the benefits and limitations of augmenting an already good flu forecasting model with internet-based nowcasts. Our results show that a good flu forecasting model can benefit from the augmentation of internet-based nowcasts in practice for all considered public health-relevant forecasting targets. The degree of forecast improvement due to nowcasting, however, is uneven across forecasting targets, with short-term forecasting targets seeing the largest improvements and seasonal targets such as the peak timing and intensity seeing relatively marginal improvements. The uneven forecasting improvements across targets hold even when “perfect” nowcasts are used. These findings suggest that further improvements to flu forecasting, particularly seasonal targets, will need to derive from other, non-nowcasting approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Infusing pasion (passion) into mainstream advertising: Using an emotional model to improve the measurement of advertising effectiveness.
- Author
-
WOOD, ORLANDO
- Subjects
ADVERTISING management ,EMOTIONS ,MARKETING ,DECISION making ,MARKETING personnel - Abstract
Hispanic marketing in the USA has traditionally centred on Spanish language advertisements. But effective advertising may not rely on language or 'message'. This paper asserts that the most efficient communications are emotional and work by drawing people closer to the brand and enabling fast, emotional and instinctive 'System I'decisions in its favour. This paper shows that communicating a 'message' actually restricts advertising's efficiency. If'message'and language are less important than previously believed, the implications are far-reaching for how multicultural advertising is conceived and bought in the USA.This paper suggests that the opportunity for marketers may centre on developing culturally appropriate tactics within an emotion-based advertising model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Affluent Communication in Affluent Society.
- Author
-
Vogel, Ann
- Subjects
NONPROFIT organizations ,BUSINESS communication ,FUNDRAISING ,HIGHER education - Abstract
This paper addresses the role of complex work organizations and professions in the nonprofit sector. Supported by the empirical case of professional communications and fundraising work in U.S. higher education, the paper identifies problems in the contemporary postmodern sociology of citizenship and public-sphere theory. The main effort of the paper is to understand how professional organization of institutional audiences for formal organizations can be adequately theorized in the light of the problem of social integration and suggests the methodological adjustment by organizational theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Communicating in a crisis: A risk management issue?
- Author
-
Gregory, David
- Subjects
RISK management in business ,EMERGENCY management ,COMMUNICATION ,COLLEGE environment ,COMMUNICATION & culture - Abstract
This paper argues that most post-exercise or incident debriefs suggest that communications could have been better. It explores some of the difficulties of communicating in a crisis and suggests that if organisational culture does not allow for good communications in 'peacetime', then they are unlikely to be any better in a crisis situation. It is therefore suggested that crisis communications should be treated as a risk management issue and given a place on the corporate risk register so that the issue can be managed through an appropriate risk management action plan. The paper mainly focuses on internal communications although it also refers to the importance of media and external communications as part of an overall communications plan. Reference is made to the report following the Virginia Tech disaster in 2007 and the problems associated with communications in a university environment. The paper aims to provide the reader with a clearer understanding of some of the reasons why communications often fail in an incident and suggests some ways in which things may be improved in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. The Myth of Hush-A-Phone v. United States.
- Author
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Tran, Jasper L.
- Subjects
TELECOMMUNICATION lawsuits ,TELEPHONE equipment industry ,MONOPOLIES ,ACTIONS & defenses (Law) - Abstract
This paper explores the history of, and addresses certain perceived procedural misunderstandings in, Hush-A-Phone v. United States (D.C. Cir. 1956) and its progeny In re Carterfone (F.C.C. 1968) to illuminate what the Hush-A-Phone Corporation actually did in its dispute with AT&T prior to the breakup of AT&T's century-long telephone monopoly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Perceptions of trust in the US construction industry.
- Author
-
Zuppa, Dino, Olbina, Svetlana, and Issa, Raymond
- Subjects
CONSTRUCTION industry ,SOCIAL aspects of trust ,SENSORY perception ,CONSTRUCTION project management ,STRUCTURAL engineering ,ECONOMIC competition - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to obtain an understanding of the perception of trust between US construction contracting parties. The research objectives were to identify the factors on construction projects that impact such trust and to identify how trust affects factors on construction project. Design/methodology/approach – A survey of construction professionals working for the Engineering News Record’s Top 400 US contractors was conducted. Findings – The findings showed that paying on time, competency, reliability and effective collaboration were the most important factors that affected contextual conditions trustworthiness. Factors perceived to strengthen trust included face-to-face communication, electronic documents, and timely and adequate responses to requests for information. The presence of construction managers on construction projects, and corrective changes orders from neutral third parties were perceived to weaken trust. Trust was perceived to assist leadership, team building, communication and information sharing. Originality/value – The main contribution of this study is the discovery of additional factors that impact trust and factors that require trust and that were not identified by previous researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Dear Colleague Letters in the House of Representatives: The Tracking of Internal House Communications.
- Author
-
Straus, Jacob
- Subjects
- *
LETTERS , *ORGANIZATIONAL communication , *LEGISLATION , *ADMINISTRATIVE procedure , *EMPLOYEES - Abstract
Dear colleague letters have been used to generate interest in and attract co-sponsors to legislation since the late 1800s. In recent Congresses, the House of Representatives has moved toward electronic dear colleague letters, making it easier for Members to send and receive the letters. This paper examines data from electronic dear colleague letters and explores how Members, committees and officers use dear colleague letters to promote legislation and administer the House. Using data from the last four months of the 110th Congress, preliminary conclusions are made about who sends dear colleague letters and why they are an important part of the legislative and administrative process in the House of Representatives. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
34. CFTC approves final rule requiring recording of oral communications.
- Author
-
Rosenzweig, Kenneth M., Foley, Kevin M., and Brockway, Blake J.
- Subjects
COMMODITY futures ,SWAPS (Finance) -- Government policy ,FUTURES market ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to address amendments to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) recordkeeping rules that will require certain market participants to maintain records of all oral communications leading to the execution of a "commodity interest" transaction that are communicated by telephone, voicemail or mobile device. The paper also seeks to address the CFTC's revised rules expanding the current recordkeeping requirements to include written communications related to swap transactions. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the revised rules, adopting release and industry commentary and explains how the requirements of CFTC Regulations 1.31 and 1.35 will be applied to futures commission merchants (FCMs), certain introducing brokers (IBs), certain members of a designated contract market (DCM) or swap execution facility (SEF), and retail forex dealers (RFEDs). Findings – FCMs, certain IBs, certain members of a DCM or SEF, and RFEDs must comply with the oral communications recordkeeping requirements no later than December 21, 2013. FCMs, IBs, all members of a DCM or SEF, and RFEDs must comply with the CFTC's revised recordkeeping rules for written communications no later than February 19, 2013. Practical implications – All FCMs, IBs, members of a DCM or SEF, and RFEDs impacted by the rule should prepare to maintain records of all covered written and oral communications. If it is technologically or economically impractical for a market participant to comply with the requirement to record all oral communications that lead to a commodity interest transaction by the compliance date, the participant should request an alternative compliance schedule. Originality/value – This paper provides practical guidance from experienced financial services lawyers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. "Even in an age of wonders": radio as an information resource in 1920s America.
- Author
-
Crawford-Franklin, Christopher and Robinson, Lyn
- Subjects
HISTORY of radio broadcasting ,RADIO broadcasting ,RADIO broadcasting -- Social aspects ,RADIO broadcasting & politics ,INFORMATION science ,INFORMATION society - Abstract
Purpose – The paper aims to analyse the development of broadcast radio in the USA during the 1920 s, focusing on the legislative and regulatory background, considering the broadcasting spectrum, programme content, and nature of radio as an information resource at that time. Design/methodology/approach – An analysis of primary materials, and of recent secondary materials, is carried out. Findings – The legislative and regulatory framework failed to take note of the unique attributes of information resources, and attempted to treat them in the same manner as more traditional resources. Records of the early days of USA radio are very limited. More positively, radio information resources played a major part in developing several aspects of society, including education, agriculture, and jazz culture. Research limitations/implications – The study shows lessons for development of current information society. The research is limited to one communication medium, in one country, in one decade. It is not a full historical analysis of the development of radio broadcasting, rather it is limited to information resource aspects, largely of public sector broadcasting. Originality/value – The paper is the first study of the early development of radio broadcasting from an information perspective. It shows the value of the "information-as-resource" model for analysing developments in the communication of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Selected FINRA notices and disciplinary actions, June-August 2012.
- Author
-
Davis, Henry A.
- Subjects
SHORT selling (Securities) ,BUSINESS communication ,STANDARDS - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide selected Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) Regulatory Notices and Disciplinary Actions issued in June, July, and August 2012. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides FINRA Regulatory Notice 12-29, Communications with the Public, and Notice 12-38, Short Interest Reporting. Findings – Notice 12-29: the SEC has approved FINRA's proposed rule changes to adopt a new set of communication rules that become effective February 4, 2013. They address communications in three categories: institutional communication, retail communication, and correspondence. Among other things, the rules cover approval, review and recordkeeping requirements; content standards; and guidelines for public appearances. Notice 12-38: the SEC approved amendments to FINRA Rule 4560 to codify the requirement that member firms report only "gross" short interest existing in each proprietary and customer account (rather than net positions across accounts) and clarify that member firms' short interest reports must reflect only those short interest positions that settled. Originality/value – These FINRA notices are selected to provide a useful indication of regulatory trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Managing issues in the face of risk uncertainty: lessons 20 years after the Alar controversy.
- Author
-
Jaques, Tony
- Subjects
RISK communication ,RISK management in business ,CRISIS management ,FOOD industry security measures ,PUBLIC health ,APPLE growers ,GROWTH regulators ,CARCINOGENS ,FOOD supply - Abstract
Purpose - This paper aims to take a 20-year perspective to revisit the Alar controversy, one of the most hotly argued public issues of the late 1980s, and to explore what fresh conclusions can be drawn for modern risk and issue managers. Design/methodology/approach - The paper reviews contemporary reports and analysis, along with subsequent retrospective opinions from some key participants and commentators, and examines those conclusions in the context of current communication practice. Findings - The Alar case triggered a major reassessment of risk communication and the role of activists and the news media in amplifying issues. But even today some facts of the case remain in dispute and some of the purported lessons have been blurred by history or appear to have had little lasting impact. Practical implications - Issue managers increasingly find themselves defending reputation in the face of public issues which focus on scientific uncertainty, and the Alar case provides vivid examples of both what to do and what not to do. Originality/value - While most scholarship on the case discusses the implications for scientists, regulators and journalists, this paper throws fresh light on the case from the corporate perspective of the manufacturer of Alar, and the apple growers who found themselves in the eye of the storm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Capacity of the Nationwide VHF Air/Ground Radio System for Air Traffic Services.
- Author
-
Box, Frank, Long, Philip I., and Snow, Richard E.
- Subjects
RADIO frequency ,AIR traffic control ,TIME division multiple access ,COMMUNICATION ,AERONAUTICS ,AERONAUTICAL instruments ,SPECTRUM analysis ,RADIO circuits - Abstract
Increasing the capacity of the very high frequency air/ground (A/G) radio system that supports United States air traffic control is a major reason for upgrading the system to a four-slot time-division multiple-access (TDMA) architecture. Since aviation safety requires a dedicated, immediately accessible AJG circuit for each controller, the thousands of circuits in the nationwide system must have compatible frequency/slot assignments that will allow them all to operate simultaneously if necessary. System capacity may be defined as the size to which the system can grow before it will no longer be feasible to find a compatible assignment for every required new circuit. This paper describes a strategy for combining MG circuits into multislot TDMA ‘bundles’ in a way that will enhance capacity by efficiently using available frequencies and slots. To quantify the resultant capacity gain, the authors have applied the strategy in a series of nationwide system growth simulations, noting the numbers of hypothetical future circuit requirements that were met before frequency denials started to become necessary in some cases. Their results indicate that the capacity of the TDMA version of the system would be 2.8-3.7 times that of the present-day AM analog version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Print Grades Prime: A quantitative analysis of producer communication preferences of U.S. beef breed association magazines through the lenses of uses, gratifications, and gatekeeping.
- Author
-
Underwood, Megan, Starzec, Katherine J., and Hill-Sullins, Nellie
- Subjects
BEEF cattle breeds ,DELAY of gratification ,BEEF industry ,GATEKEEPING ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,QUANTITATIVE research ,CATTLE breeds - Abstract
The United States beef industry is a major stakeholder in national and international agriculture and is driven by technological innovations and beef producers in all 50 states. Beef cattle breed associations are essential to the success of the industry as they not only maintain breed pedigrees but also disseminate vital information to their members. The magazines of beef cattle breed associations are a primary source of communication for U.S. beef producers. Goals for this study were to determine what information beef producers use from their beef breed association magazines, what information they want to see more of in beef breed association magazines, and if producers prefer the magazines in a print or digital format. Uses and gratifications theory, which focuses on the reasons why individuals choose to use a specific communication medium; the effect the medium has on the individual; and the gratifications received through its use, guided this study, along with gatekeeping theory. We used a descriptive quantitative survey research design to disseminate a survey instrument to members of six U.S. beef breed associations. Results revealed a large percentage of survey respondents prefer their beef breed association magazines in a print format. Additionally, results indicate that respondents use association magazines for a variety of information, and they want to see more information related to breed improvement strategies, genetic selection, and technological advancements. Results revealed insightful uses of magazine topics related to breed associations and can be used as a resource to help guide the editorial content of the magazines. We recommend beef cattle breed associations continue to provide magazine content in both print and digital formats and include editorial topics curated to the needs of the beef producers using their magazines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Examining Associations between Health Information Seeking Behavior and Adult Education Status in the U.S.: An Analysis of the 2012 PIAAC Data.
- Author
-
Feinberg, Iris, Frijters, Jan, Johnson-Lawrence, Vicki, Greenberg, Daphne, Nightingale, Elena, and Moodie, Chelsea
- Subjects
MEDICAL informatics ,ADULT education ,DATA analysis ,LOGISTIC regression analysis - Abstract
This paper presents data from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies with a focus on the interrelationships among health information seeking behavior (HISB), and health status or use of preventive health measures for U.S. adults both with and without a high school diploma. Key results of ordinal and binary logistic regression analyses indicated that, after controlling for demographic factors, (1) adults with a high school diploma use more text-based health information sources while adults without a high school diploma use more oral sources, (2) using the Internet as a source of health information is more strongly related to reporting excellent/very good health status than having a high school diploma, (3) those without a high school diploma who use the Internet report the largest increase in health status over any other health information source, and (4) for those with learning disability or vision problem, a high facility in reading English is an important predictor of whether the Internet is used as a health information source. The Internet appears to play a key role in both enhancing health status and enabling use of preventive measures for those with and without a high school diploma; although, individuals without a high school diploma who use the Internet for health information derive substantial benefit in health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Top down/bottom up: using oral history to re-examine government institutions.
- Author
-
Ritchie, Donald A.
- Subjects
ORAL history ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,ORAL historians ,ORAL tradition - Abstract
Institutional history, which tell into disfavour over the last generation as historians focused on social and cultural history, has been regaining interest. Oral historians, who once argued over the merits of top-down and bottom-up approaches, have discovered that the methodology works well at any level; and for institutions it works best when approached from both directions. Offering a model for other institutional projects, this paper focuses on the oral history programme conducted by the US Senate Historical Office with former senators and staff. Recognising that perspectives depend on where people stand and that it could not inter-view everyone, the project sought a core sample that cut through the various strata within the institution. Interviewees have helped Senate historians understand how the seemingly arcane rules of the Senate work, why those rules have survived for so long and how a seem-ingly unchanging institution has slowly transformed itself in dramatic ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
42. Use of ‘Dear Colleague’ Letters in the US House of Representatives: A Study of Internal Communications.
- Author
-
Straus, JacobR.
- Subjects
POLITICAL communication ,UNITED States political parties ,POLITICAL leadership ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
‘Dear colleague’ letters – formal, written, member-to-member correspondence – provide a unique window into internal communications in the US House of Representatives. In general, studies of congressional political communications tend to focus on external messaging by members (candidates) to their constituents (voters) through a focus on electoral or constituent communication. Yet these studies may or may not tell us why members choose to engage in internal communication. To address this gap, this paper draws on the literature and presents new hypotheses about factors that increase a member's likelihood of using dear colleague letters. Using House dear colleague letter data from the first session of the 111th Congress (2009), a negative binomial regression tests the importance of seniority, electoral vulnerability, leadership status, and majority party status for dear colleague letter senders. The analysis demonstrates that rank-and-file majority party members who are electorally ‘safe’ are more likely to use the dear colleague system. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS FOR CATASTROPHIC NATURAL DISASTERS.
- Author
-
Hall, Bryan and Harper Jr., Ralph L.
- Subjects
TRANSPORTATION ,EMERGENCY management ,CRISIS management ,FLOOD insurance ,FEDERAL regulation - Abstract
This paper provides a brief historical context of emergency management, introduces the National Response Framework (NRF), describes the Emergency Support Functions (ESFs). ESF 1 - Transportation, and offers viable transportation solutions to local, State, and Federal leaders for each of the three life-cycle phases. As our country has continued to evolve the power Federal verse States has posed a challenge for those in leadership positions, particularly what is legal and authorized verses what solves an immediate catastrophic problem. It is important for all Americans and especially those who manage disasters to realize the positive strides made by Federal, State, and local authorities to fuse information and make decisive decisions concerning our domestic national interests. One area of significant importance is the transportation nodes of the United States. The transportation system of the United States is vital to the quality of life of its citizens. Disrupting key transportation hubs for an extended period of time would have a significant detrimental effect on the entire economic system. Experience in this area and others led the Department of Homeland Security in 2008 to initiate the National Response Framework (NRF). This document provides guidance on how the nation conducts an all-hazards response, or simply the level of support the Federal government would provide in the event of an emergency. A primary function of the NRF is to define what constitutes a national emergency and ultimately allows individual States to remain autonomous. Additionally, the NRF provides insight to support natural and/or man-made disasters. The NRF identifies actions as well as logistical support functions outlined in fifteen Emergency Support Functions (ESFs). ESF 1 delineates transportation tasks throughout the doctrinal three-phase life-cycle; prepare, respond, and recover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
44. For the birds: the FCC and avian mortality at communications towers.
- Author
-
Cramer, Benjamin W.
- Subjects
BIRD mortality ,ORNITHOLOGY ,TELECOMMUNICATION - Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the contradictions between telecommunications regulation and environmental law in America, via coverage of the problem of large numbers of birds being killed at communications towers.Design/methodology/approach – Via statutory, legal, and qualitative analysis, this article provides an analysis of Federal Communications Commission (FCC) compliance with environmental statutes and the conflicts that arise between the agency's mandate to maintain a robust telecommunications network and its statutory responsibilities for environmental protection.Findings – Every year, millions of birds are killed at communications towers. In 1999, the US Fish and Wildlife Service issued guidelines urging the FCC to take action on this problem, as required by various environmental statutes. The FCC ignored the guidelines for several years and defeated the American Bird Conservancy in court when that group sued for observance of the guidelines, but this ruling was later overturned on appeal. The FCC has exhibited a pattern of responding to these developments years after the fact while obfuscating its previous history of non-compliance and non-cooperation. As of early 2012 no viable solution to the avian mortality problem has been proposed.Practical implications – The FCC is required to comply with federal environmental statutes and regulations. However, citizens wishing to dispute FCC environmental compliance will face challenges arising from conflicting statutes and inconsistencies in federal agency behavior.Originality/value – There has been very little research on the intersection of environmental law and telecommunications regulation, and the particular matter of avian mortality at communications towers has only been analyzed by ornithologists and environmental scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Meeting CCS communication challenges head-on: Integrating communications, planning, risk assessment, and project management.
- Author
-
Greenberg, Sallie, Gauvreau, Lori, Hnottavange-Telleen, Ken, Finley, Robert, and Marsteller, Scott
- Subjects
GEOLOGICAL carbon sequestration ,CARBON dioxide mitigation ,RISK assessment in chemical plants ,PROJECT management - Abstract
Abstract: The Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium, Schlumberger Carbon Services, and Archer Daniels Midland has implemented a comprehensive communications plan at the Illinois Basin–Decatur Project (IBDP), a one million metric tonne Carbon Capture and Storage project in Decatur, IL, USA funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory. The IBDP Communication Plan includes consortium information, funding and disclaimer citations, description of target audiences, media communications guidelines, paper and presentations guidelines, site visit information, crisis communication, on-site photography regulations, and other components. The creation, development, and implementation processes for the IBDP Communication Plan (the Plan) are shared in this paper. New communications challenges, such as how to address add-on research requests, data sharing and management, scope increase, and contract agreements have arisen since the Plan was completed in January 2009, resulting in development of new policies and procedures by project management. Integrating communications planning, risk assessment, and project management ensured that consistent, factual information was developed and incorporated into project planning, and constitutes the basis of public communications. Successful integration has allowed the IBDP to benefit from early identification and mitigation of the potential project risks, which allows more time to effectively deal with unknown and unidentified risks that may arise. Project risks and risks associated with public perception can be managed through careful planning and integration of communication strategies into project management and risk mitigation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Assessing the National Incident Management System (NIMS).
- Author
-
Sullivan, Henry
- Subjects
- *
COMMUNICATION , *EMERGENCY management , *TRAINING , *CRISIS management - Abstract
Abstract: Communications is a critical dimension of emergency preparedness. Communications companies in the private sector continually increases the level of sophistication of their products and services thereby increasing the publics' expectations of the government's communications capabilities. First responders on all governmental levels (local, state, and federal), that are responsible for emergency management, are now required to receive training on the National Incident Management System (NIMS). The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has compelled local and state governments to implement this requirement by linking its fulfillment to the issuance of emergency management funds to the communities. The benefits of having a consistent emergency management system for the entire country are fairly easy to discern. But many questions remain regarding the effectiveness of the systems principles and protocols in streamlining communications across government levels and regarding the impact that NIMS will have upon the communities that follow its guidelines. Is the government capable of meeting the publics' expectations regarding its communications capabilities? Is a comprehensive communications system more of a technological or more of an administrative challenge? What are the factors involved in developing both the technical and administrative aspects of the National Incident Management System (NIMS)?This paper will analyze the National Incident Management System in terms of its ability to streamline communications between local state and federal organizations. This paper will analyze NIMS's effectiveness in streamlining communications across government levels, and examine the current and future technologies that are available for the system's implementation. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
47. Travel as a teaching approach for new media skills and writing courses.
- Author
-
Garrison, Bruce
- Published
- 2010
48. Road-testing the outreach best practices manual: Applicability for implementation of the development phase projects by the regional carbon sequestration partnerships.
- Author
-
Daly, Dan, Bradbury, Judith, Garrett, Gary, Greenberg, Sallie, Myhre, Richard, Peterson, Tarla, Tollefson, Lindsey, Wade, Sarah, and Sacuta, Norm
- Subjects
GEOLOGICAL carbon sequestration ,CARBON dioxide mitigation ,OUTREACH programs ,PUBLICATIONS ,AWARENESS - Abstract
Abstract: Geologic carbon dioxide (CO
2 ) storage verification tests by the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) seven Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) provided the experience base for the Public Outreach and Education for Carbon Storage Projects, a best practices manual, published in December 2009. This paper summarizes these outreach best practices; discusses their application in Aquistore, a greenfield CO2 storage project under way in western Canada; and reviews the implications for applying the best practices to new projects during the Development Phase of the DOE’s RCSP Program. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Communications and alumni relations: What is the correlation between an institution's communications vehicles and alumni annual giving?
- Author
-
Levine, Wendy
- Subjects
COMMUNICATION & education ,UNIVERSITY & college alumni ,HIGHER education finance ,EDUCATIONAL support ,ELECTRONIC newsletters ,EDUCATIONAL surveys - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between colleges’ communications pieces and their undergraduate alumni giving. In order to test the question, 250 surveys were mailed to annual giving and development directors at private US colleges that were members of the Council of Advancement and Support of Education. Fifty-eight surveys were returned. The analysis revealed that the overall number of communications pieces sent to alumni was not associated with higher alumni giving levels or participation. The frequency with which certain communication pieces were sent was positively associated with giving: alumni magazines and alumni electronic newsletters. For annual fund and campaign appeal letters, the results were mixed; there was some positive association with alumni giving and some negative association with alumni giving.International Journal of Educational Advancement (2009) 8, 176–197. doi:10.1057/ijea.2009.2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Engaging scientists in biosecurity: lessons from the Biological Weapons Convention.
- Author
-
Bowman, Katherine and Husbands, Jo L.
- Subjects
BIOLOGICAL weapons ,BIOSECURITY ,WEAPONS of mass destruction ,TOXINS ,SCIENTIFIC community ,SCIENTIFIC communication - Abstract
Major efforts to engage scientists in issues of biosecurity in the United States and internationally began in the early 2000s in response to growing concerns about terrorists using weapons of mass destruction and the mailing of anthrax-laced letters in October 2001. This article draws on the literature about the "science of science communication," including research on framing, to examine the strategies used to try to raise awareness and create support for policies and practices to address public concerns about biosecurity issues within scientific communities. Engagement strategies framed as an inherent part of the broader social responsibilities of the scientific community have shown the promise of being more effective than those framed in terms of legal and regulatory requirements and an emphasis on security alone. The article draws on the case of the InterAcademy Partnership (IAP), the global network of academies of science and medicine, and its relationship with the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC), with additional examples from other national and international scientific organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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