Search

Copyright of Cuadernos de Turismo is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Geografia: Revista Colombiana de Geografía is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Roca: Revista Científico-Educacional de la Provincia de Granma is the property of Universidad de Granma, Departamento Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Culturas: Revista de Gestion Cultural is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arenal.Revista de Historia de las Mujeres is the property of Arenal. Revista de Historia de las Mujeres and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines "decentralization" as a management strategy on the quality of protected area management in Ecuador. Two cases are analyzed--the Cajas National Park and the Condor Bioreserve Watershed Protection Area--to see how decentralization influences conservation success. This study describes the recent agreement between the Ministry of the Environment and the Cuenca Municipality for the management of Cajas National Park, and the cooperative multi-sectoral partnership for the management of the Condor Bioreserve. Advantages and disadvantages of both alternatives are presented. Evidence shows that a critical component to effective decentralization is for the Ministry of the Environment to provide clear rules to the responsible third party managers of the protected areas, whether these third party managers are local governments or multi-sectoral groups. Recommendations are made to help guide future decentralization efforts. First, a clear distinction between a protected area manager and a resource user must be provided in the regulatory framework if conflicts of interest, which might ultimately undermine effective conservation, are to be avoided. Second, public organizations should be officially encouraged to become involved in protected area management. And third, the interrelationship of national and international nongovernmental organizations needs to be maintained or strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of HiSTOReLo: Revista de Historia Regional y Local is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Centro Editorial Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Geográfica is the property of Acta Geografica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper concerns a passage in a lost work by Diego de Valera in defence of conversos, dedicated to Lope de Barrientos, bishop of Cuenca, and against a friar who preached in that town, where the author was born and lived at that moment (1458). We analyse both the specific circumstances that led to the composition of the text, which are linked with Mosen Diego's biography and the local political situation, and its ideological and literary aspects, especially its relation to the rest of Valera's works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to review the state of art on integrated water resources management (IWRM) approaches for sustainable irrigation at the basin scale under semi-arid and arid climatic conditions, with main emphasis on Latin America, but including case studies of other semi-arid and arid regions in the world. In Latin America the general concept of IWRM has proved to be hard to implement. Case studies recommend to develop the approach from lower to upper scale and oriented at the end-user. As IWRM is an interdisciplinary approach and used for very different objectives, the main emphasis is given to IWRM approaches for sustainable irrigation and their environmental aspects. The review shows that in Latin America the environmental impact is mostly analysed at the field level, the impact on the whole basin is less considered. Many publications present the development of models, advisory services and tools for decision support systems at a high technical level. Some papers present studies of environmental aspects of sustainable irrigation, especially for salt affected areas. Multi-criteria decision making models are developed for irrigation planning and irrigation scenarios are used to show the impact of different irrigation management decision. In general integrated approaches in Latin America are scarce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, developing countries have experienced an increase in the impact of natural disasters due to ongoing climate change and the sustained expansion of urban areas. The intrinsic vulnerability of settlements, due to poverty and poor governance, as well as the lack of tools for urban occupation planning and mitigation protocols, has made such impacts particularly severe. Cuenca (Ecuador) is a significant example of a city that in recent decades has experienced considerable population growth (i.e. exposure) and an associated increase in loss due to landslide occurrence. Despite such effects, updated urban planning tools are absent, so an evaluation of multitemporal exposure to landslides and related risks is required. In this perspective, a potential urban planning tool is presented based on updated data depicting the spatial distribution of landslides and their predisposing factors, as well as population change between 2010 and 2020. In addition, a multitemporal analysis accounting for changes in exposure between 2010 and 2020 and an estimation of relative landside risk was carried out. Due to the absence of spatially distributed population data, energy supply contract data have been used as a proxy of the population. The results show that the current higher exposure and related relative risk are estimated for parishes (parroquias) located in the southern sector of the study area (i.e. Turi, Santa Ana, Tarqui, Nulti, Baños and Paccha). Moreover, the exposure multitemporal analysis indicates that most parishes located in the hilly areas bounding the city centre (i.e. Sayausi, San Joaquin, Tarqui, Sidcay, Baños, Ricaurte, Paccha and Chiquintad) are experiencing sustained population growth and will be potentially exposed to an increased risk with a consistently growing trend. The obtained relative risk map can be considered a valuable tool for guiding land planning, land management, occupation restriction and early warning strategy adoption in the area. The methodological approach used, which accounts for landslide susceptibility and population variation through proxy data analysis, has the potential to be applied in a similar context of growing population cities in low- to mid-income countries, where data usually needed for a comprehensive landslide risk analysis are non-existing or only partially available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the role played by emotional references in the processes of political communication between the urban world and the nobility in fifteenth-century Castile. Chronologically, the study is framed by the succession of civil wars that shook the kingdom from the beginning of the century to Isabella I's final victory in 1479–80, a context that greatly contributed to bringing emotional expression to the fore. The focus is the relationship between the city of Cuenca and the high and middling aristocracy that operated in its hinterland. In contrast with other Castilian cities, the archival record in Cuenca is rich, allowing detailed examination of the emotional references and the way they were manipulated by city and nobility. The article emphasises the importance of the political dimension of emotions, and their role in integrating and giving cohesion to political relations, while modulating and mitigating conflict between nobility and city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Landslides are among the most intense geological disasters worldwide. Several remote sensing techniques have been used to study these phenomena over the last few decades, including Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Multi-Temporal Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radars (MT-InSAR), in particular, Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) and Permanent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI). The University of Azuay and highway infrastructure (Cuenca - Ecuador) were affected by slow-moving landslides which in urban areas had more noticeable deformation effects due to their crowns. Furthermore, evidence indicates that the landslide toe was developed in a rural area. To study landslide boundary and deformation kinematics comprehensively, we need to observe two distinct scattering surfaces using SAR imagery (high coherence areas in the urban area and low coherence areas in the rural area). We can also observe different distributions in X- and C-bands due to the rural area covered by vegetation and trees at the toe of the landslide. Two sets of radar images were analyzed and compared for monitoring the aforementioned slow-moving landslide kinematics, including Sentinel1-A (S1-A) and COSMO-SkyMed (CSK). PSI and SBAS techniques have been used to measure the rate of surface deformation and displacement time series at CSK over the period (2017-2019) and S1-A units over the period (2015-2018), respectively. Furthermore, a GNSS station in the stable area was used as a reference station to integrate the PSI and SBAS results over space. Then, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm (K-medians) was used to determine the most appropriate intervals for preparing mean deformation rate maps. Finally, a comparison was made between the outputs obtained from this study and displacement recorded at two additional GNSS stations located in the area affected by deformation. As a result, by comparing and monitoring double-band SAR satellites and different SAR image processing techniques, it became possible to analyze the whole landslide of our case study appropriately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario Musical is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper was to study the applicability of the Curve Number method (CN, USDA) for a small arable watershed of 300 ha belonging to the Rolling Pampa under conventional tillage from 1994 to 1998 and subsequently under no tillage until 2004. This analysis was performed by studying rainfall and runoff paired data recorded in situ. Land use consisted mainly of annual crops, particularly soybean. Considering a data pool of 583 rainfall events, only 11% produced appreciable surface runoff. Most of the runoff occurred under antecedent moisture condition I (AMC I). This condition was defined according to the amount of rainfall corresponding to the previous 5 days, thereby opening a critical argumentation for the use of this methodology in the Rolling Pampa. The analysis of the ordered paired data series showed similar CN values under no-tillage and conventional tillage for AMC II (CN 82) and AMC III (CN 96), respectively. However, considering the AMC I condition which corresponds to the lower 10% of the ordered paired data series, the watershed under conventional tillage showed a tendency to produce lower runoff volumes compared to the same catchment area under no-tillage (CN 56 and 68, respectively). This was particularly appreciable for the autumn and winter periods, in which primary tillage operations under conventional tillage produced surface roughness resulting in high infiltration rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista EIA is the property of Escuela de Ingenieria de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Electronic waste (e-waste) policies have traditionally been based on extended producer responsibility (EPR) principles. In practice, EPR-based e-waste policies primarily involve the creation of regulated collection and recycling channels, with success tied to achieving high collection quotas. However, the majority of EPR programs, particularly those in the Global South, have achieved little success due to competition with the informal sector. Despite this, strikingly little is known of the scope and dynamics of informal ewaste flows and actors during the formulation of e-waste management policies. This study develops and pilots a replicable three-stage model for solid waste researchers, practitioners and policymakers to rapidly assess these informal e-waste systems. This model is demonstrated in Cuenca, Ecuador, and determined the destination of 50-80% of Cuenca's e-waste over a period of three days. The methods used and findings that emerge from this study offer a strategy to rapidly quantify and understand the dynamics of informal ewaste systems to inform EPR-based policies in ways that place informal recyclers at the core of e-waste management. This not only provides creative opportunities for formal systems to achieve e-waste collection quotas through partnerships with the informal sector, but offers a pathway to preserve the livelihoods of marginalized populations reliant on e-waste recycling and decrease environmental harm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In June 1773 Doña Luisa García de Medina filed a lawsuit against the Spanish colonial government demanding the return of her generous donation to the confraternity of Saint Rosalia in Cuenca (Audiencia of Quito). This dispute provides a clear testimony of the influence of religious devotion and the power of female self-fashioning and agency. Doña Luisa's piety, her promotion of the cult of Saint Rosalia, and her substantial donation allowed her to establish associations with leading local institutions and shape Cuenca's sacred landscape and its inhabitants' religious experience. Doña Luisa's control of the processional route also identified her oratory as a space for spiritual introspection, self-representation, and social exchange. This article illustrates the importance of humility in the advancement of female agency in the colonial period. This research also proves that the study of religious confraternities supports a more inclusive construction of Spanish American history and shows the impact of female patronage in the civic space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mutis is the property of Revista Mutis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a seismic vulnerability assessment of a single-family dwelling in confined masonry, a common construction type in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. The macroscopic properties of hollow and solid brick masonry are derived from mesoscopic finite element analyses of masonry piers. The structure is modeled using an equivalent frame method, in which masonry walls are defined as piers or spandrels using a macro-element model; reinforced columns and beams and orthotropic floor slabs are also included. Several models, considering a deterministic geometry and stochastic properties of masonry, are analyzed using a quasi-static pushover method. The results of these analyses are used to define a single equivalent macro-element that incorporates in-plane shear and flexural failure modes and is capable of reproducing the cyclic behavior of the 3D model. Non-linear dynamic time history analyses are finally performed on the single equivalent macro-element for different earthquake ground motions that are selected from the PEER Ground Motion Database and that are compatible with the Ecuadorian design spectrum for several PGA levels. The maximum response is compared with different performance levels and the fragility curves are determined using a maximum likelihood analysis. The proposed methodology can be used for seismic vulnerability analysis when few data are available, but is subject to high levels of uncertainty, so further analysis and experiments on materials and structural components are needed.

This study explores the potential influence of the urban built environment on pedestrian flow in an intermediate Latin American city, Cuenca-Ecuador. Data from samples of 48 street segments were analyzed to explore how physical and spatial features of streets and sidewalks, as well as land use and occupation conditions influence the number of pedestrians. A quantitative approach was used to model the individual and combined influences of several variables on pedestrian counts using multiple regression models. Results from statistical modeling indicate that variables related to the physical features of the streets, such as sidewalk width, are positively correlated to pedestrian counts, whereas parking space and front setback are negatively correlated. We conclude that streets in our study area are largely inadequate for pedestrians due to their poor design, scarce walking infrastructure, and the prevalence of all sorts of obstacles on the sidewalks. Pedestrians, however, seem to cope with this adverse environment by adopting different strategies. We expect that this study will help city planners design better environments for non-motorized travel in intermediate cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cuenca, a city in the Andean Region of southern Ecuador, has 591,996 inhabitants. A decade-old study showed the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca was 0.75 cases per 100,000 inhabitants but no new epidemiological studies in this city have been performed since then. The aim of this study, conducted in 2016, was to update the prevalence records of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca. Methods: We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study in which we investigated prevalence rates in November of 2016. We estimated the prevalence of multiple sclerosis by cross-matching registries from the two neurological referral hospitals in Cuenca. Results: A total of 23 records were obtained from the two sources. The estimated prevalence was 3.88 per 100,000 inhabitants (95% confidence interval: 3.83-3.94). The disease was predominant among women (60%). The mean age of this cohort was 37 years (standard deviation ±12.4). Of the cases, 78% were relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The mean Expanded Disability Status Scale score was 2.5. Conclusions: This study is an update to the first study conducted 10 years ago and shows the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Cuenca has increased. However, the prevalence of multiple sclerosis is still low and very similar to that reported in neighbouring countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este artículo se resume la esencia de los trabajos arqueológicos desarrollados en la ciudad de Cuenca por los autores (ARES Arqueología y Patrimonio Cultural) desde 2008 a 2011. Tratamos de cumplimentar la obligación de difusión, que ha de tener toda praxis arqueológica.In this paper it is summarizes the essence of the archaeological works developed in Cuenca by the authors (ARES Arqueología y Patrimonio Cultural) since 2008 to 2011. We try to compliment the obligation of diffusion which must have all archaeological praxis.

El turismo cultural se ha convertido en una de las modalidades de mayor crecimiento, suponiendo una oportunidad de desarrollo para muchos espacios fuera de los tradicionales destinos de “sol y playa”. Sin embargo, aún es escaso el número de trabajos sobre las tipologías y valoraciones de los turistas que visitan destinos culturales. Desde esta perspectiva, este artículo propone un acercamiento a las diferentes valoraciones que distintos grupos de turistas, identificados por su motivación, realizaron sobre la ciudad de Cuenca, en Ecuador. A partir del análisis e interpretación de los resultados de una encuesta a los turistas que visitan esta ciudad, este trabajo indaga sobre estas cuestiones. The cultural tourist: typologies and analysis of the valuations of the destination from the case study of Cuenca-Ecuador Abstract: Cultural tourism has become one of the fastest growing modalities, assuming a development opportunity for many spaces outside of traditional “sun and beach” destinations. However, there is a limited the number of works about the typologies and valuations of these cultural tourists. In this sense, this article proposes an approach to the types and different ratings that different groups of tourists made on the city of Cuenca, in Ecuador. Based on the analysis and interpretation of the results of a survey of tourists visiting this city, this paper explores these issues. Keywords: Cultural tourism, typology of tourists, destination rating, Cuenca, Ecuador.

By and large the world of business and money in the Middle Ages (and beyond the Middle Ages) is linked to a perception of the «economic fact» that absorbs everything or, at least, places it on a basic socio-political perspective. These approaches being correct, nevertheless, dealing that is participating in some manner in the broad field of economic management had, on occasion, a social dimension that transcended by far the possible economic profit any businessman could naturally aspire to, even casting a shadow over the economic profit, reducing that aspect of his activity to the persecution of a purely social and ideological benefit. This profit did not derive straight from the specific economic activity but from the perception by the community of the reasons underlying the agent's «extra-economic behaviour». This perception and the evaluation of these conducts, and the actors' persecution of a behavioural model that positively fixed into that perception frame, explain a whole set of economical attitudes linked to the referential frameworks «service» and «common good». These attitudes were pursued by these individuals, were promoted by urban governments, and were positively perceived by the entire community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El siguiente trabajo versa sobre los personajes e instituciones que arrendaban las alcabalas de los sexmos de Cuenca entre 1464 y 1470. En este artículo lo que se pretende es dar a conocer a estos individuos, señalando su procedencia familiar, las rentas a las que solían pujar y la importancia de cada grupo social.In this work, we study the tax-farmers and the institutions that leased the alcabala sales tax in the fiscal district of Cuenca between 1464 and 1470. This paper intends to create a social portrait of the semen, focussing on their family origin, the rents for which they were to bid, and the importance each social group acquired in this field.

Copyright of Procesos: Revista Ecuatoriana de Historia is the property of Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar, Sede Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to contribute to the study of violence, its nature and characteristics, as related to the struggle for power during the Late Middle Ages. To achieve this contribution a case study is investigated, its various forms are differentiated, and endpoints that attempt to cover the phenomenon as widely as possible are proposed. Such endpoints range from actors playing a leading role in the facts studied to violence extent and impact on the lives of people.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la aplicabilidad del método de Número de Curva (CN) del USDA para una microcuenca agrícola de 300 ha de Pampa Ondulada, bajo labranza convencional (LC) durante el período 1994-1998 y posteriormente bajo siembra directa (SD) durante el período 1999-2004 a partir del análisis de lluvias y escurrimientos medidos in situ. El uso de la tierra consistió predominantemente en cultivos anuales, siendo la soja el cultivo más frecuente. De las 583 lluvias analizadas, tan solo el 11% provocó escurrimientos registrables. La mayoría de los escurrimientos ocurrió bajo condición antecedente de humedad (AMC) I, situación que fue definida por la lluvia caída los 5 días anteriores al evento considerado, lo cual muestra un aspecto de discusión crítica para el uso de esta metodología. A través del análisis de la serie ordenada de datos, se observó que LC y SD presentaban valores prácticamente coincidentes entre sí tanto para AMC II (CN 82) como para AMC III (CN 96). Sin embargo, al considerar AMC I (correspondiente al 10% inferior de dicha serie), la labranza convencional presentó una tendencia a generar menores escurrimientos que siembra directa (CN 56 y 68, respectivamente) particularmente durante el período otoño invernal, época en que se realizaron las labores primarias de remoción del suelo que dejaron el suelo rugoso y por ende, con alta capacidad de infiltración.The aim of this paper was to study the applicability of the Curve Number method (CN, USDA) for a small arable watershed of 300 ha belonging to the Rolling Pampa under conventional tillage from 1994 to 1998 and subsequently under no tillage until 2004. This analysis was performed by studying rainfall and runoff paired data recorded in situ. Land use consisted mainly of annual crops, particularly soybean. Considering a data pool of 583 rainfall events, only 11% produced appreciable surface runoff. Most of the runoff occurred under antecedent moisture condition I (AMC I). This condition was defined according to the amount of rainfall corresponding to the previous 5 days, thereby opening a critical argumentation for the use of this methodology in the Rolling Pampa. The analysis of the ordered paired data series showed similar CN values under no-tillage and conventional tillage for AMC II (CN 82) and AMC III (CN 96), respectively. However, considering the AMC I condition which corresponds to the lower 10% of the ordered paired data series, the watershed under conventional tillage showed a tendency to produce lower runoff volumes compared to the same catchment area under no-tillage (CN 56 and 68, respectively). This was particularly appreciable for the autumn and winter periods, in which primary tillage operations under conventional tillage produced surface roughness resulting in high infiltration rates.

The expectations of cities served by High Speed Rail are numerous. Improvements in a destination's accessibility could lead to an increase in transport demand and the revitalization of urban and business tourism. However, High Speed Rail services do not automatically affect the choice of destination even if they improve accessibility. Even so, they can improve visitation rates when tourist amenities are located near High Speed Rail stations becoming therefore easily accessible. The development of tourism is also influenced by the collective strategies of local stakeholders. Larger cities also appear able to leverage higher tourist volumes from the construction of High Speed Rail and most analyses to date have focused upon them. Thus we focus here on how the arrival of High Speed Rail services has impacted tourism on medium sized cities. Using a diachronic study of different socio-economic variables and tourist features, this article analyses the impact that the new rail infrastructure can have on tourism in two selected cases in Spain: Cuenca and Toledo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletim Goiano de Geografia is the property of Boletim Goiano de Geografia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Geográfica is the property of Acta Geografica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Cathedral of Santa María of Cuenca is one of the earliest Gothic cathedrals in Spain. The stone used in its construction mostly came from a quarry (now abandoned) in Arcos de la Cantera. It is a white lacustrine limestone with two lithotypes coded as hard (H) and soft (S). The two have similar chemical compositions, but type H has minor quartz, which type S lacks. There is also a small difference in the chromaticity in type S with respect to type H. The pore size ranges from 0.1 to 1 µm for type H and from 0.1 to 20 µm for type S. The conservation status of this stone depends on the lithotype and on the location of the stone in the monument. Type S is the most heavily affected by honeycombing. Inside the Cathedral, there is also abundant salt efflorescence due to both absorption and porosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]