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As an implementation instrument for conservative, creative, and critical-evaluative functions, the curriculum should continue to be analyzed for its contextualization of the reality of a situation and condition. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, the teaching and learning process has undergone significant changes both globally and specifically in Indonesia. As a form of concrete steps, the Government has enacted a policy for the implementation of online learning in the network (online). Islamic education in schools that mainstream appreciation of religious values, when faced with the existing reality in the form of online learning media raises a few questions about its efficiency and effectiveness. This paper tries to present the results of research on Islamic Religious Education learning strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic qualitatively with a focus on studies at the Elementary School Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) level. The relevance between curriculum devices in the explanations given by both education experts and legislation is carried out in a comprehensive analysis. The findings in this study, there is a strong relevance between the material in the learning curriculum of Elementary School/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah to learning strategies that use online media in their learning tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will explore the theoretical underpinnings that present a rationale for the use of critical pedagogy as an English Language Teaching (ELT) approach in Indonesia. A brief description of critical pedagogy is given, followed by a detailed rationale for its use including an overview of critical pedagogy studies done in Asia, an exploration of the curriculum and teaching approach decreed by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture, and calls for critical pedagogy by Indonesian scholars and teachers. This paper will conclude with some beginning steps that can be undertaken by teachers who want to implement a more critical approach to teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the current school-based management (SBM) policy reform in Indonesia, with an emphasis on the impacts of shifting authority and responsibility to school level, as well as challenges confronted by the school council members, followed by remedial measures to minimize the problems. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employed a mixed-method research design comprising an extensive empirical survey followed by semi-structured and focused group interviews and examination of relevant documents. The data reported here are on the basis of an empirical survey involving 504 school council members from Ngada-Flores, followed by 42 interviews and focus group discussion (FGD) with all relevant stakeholders. Findings – The research findings demonstrate how devolution of power and authority to school level can create partnership in participatory school decision making in terms of setting a school mission, shared-vision, annual programs, school budget, school textbooks, school buildings, school-based curriculum and even students' discipline policies. In turn, devolving power and authority to school level has created several changes in schools, including in-school culture changes, and increased participation of school communities. These factors have led to the improvements in teaching-learning environments and student achievements. Research limitations/implications – The findings of this study are specific to the context of Ngada-Flores, Indonesia. The possibility for the general applicability of the findings is limited by the scope, the sample, and the cultural context of this study. Accordingly, even though there could be common features, the findings may not have general applicability to other systems. Practical implications – The paper suggests that capacity building in school level is required for the effective implementation of SBM policies and programs, including in-service training, regular professional development sessions and workshops on effective school leadership and management, as well as school development planning. Originality/value – This paper could be significant because of the absence of similar studies in the Indonesian context. The findings could be helpful in informing practitioners, the local and national authorities and all those interested in school education on how SBM with devolution of power and authority to school-level decision makers assists in-school improvements and student achievements, as well as problems and challenges confronted by school leaders in the implementation of SBM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As the most populous Muslim country in the world, Indonesia has a unique experience in dealing with Islamic education, a system that was established years before the country’s independence. This paper summarizes the development of Indonesian Islamic schools with special reference to their changing curricula. Using the social constructionist perspective as an approach, this research is trying to see the significance of political and social changes to the development of Islamic schools’ curricula throughout the country’s history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2010-2011, new public messages circulated in Indonesia's public sphere to 'green' Islam. Formal and semi-formal religious education increasingly reflected and supported new ecological curricula and models. Messages of 'eco-dakwah' (religious and environmental outreach) by religious authorities connected theory and practice, long established in the pesantren (madrasa) tradition. This paper highlights two affective strategies that were emerging as forms of environmental Islam: first, adapting 'tradition' to be a resource for experiential awareness; and, second, the related expectation that feeling and emotion carry persuasive power to alter perception and inspire action. This dakwah cast moral sentiment and action in this world with respect to natural states anticipated in the world to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2010-2011, new public messages circulated in Indonesia's public sphere to 'green' Islam. Formal and semi-formal religious education increasingly reflected and supported new ecological curricula and models. Messages of 'eco-dakwah' (religious and environmental outreach) by religious authorities connected theory and practice, long established in the pesantren (madrasa) tradition. This paper highlights two affective strategies that were emerging as forms of environmental Islam: first, adapting 'tradition' to be a resource for experiential awareness; and, second, the related expectation that feeling and emotion carry persuasive power to alter perception and inspire action. This dakwah cast moral sentiment and action in this world with respect to natural states anticipated in the world to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the effect of the Covid-19 crisis on education systems in Indonesia. It describes and illuminates various curricular responses, from nation-based actions to policies by the office of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. The article asks: How does the Covid-19 crisis affect education systems, activities, policies, and practices in the Indonesia archipelago? How has the central government responded to the Covid-19 crisis within educational institutions? What do these institutions' curricular responses look like? What are some of the guiding curricular principles of schooling, teaching, and learning emerging and circulating during the Covid-19 crisis and within educational institutions' efforts to revive educational life, possibilities, and continuance? It is hoped that this article on the case of Indonesia will promote and contribute to new sharing of the global understanding of curriculum responsiveness, teaching, learning, policy, and practice during the current Covid-19 crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dentists have an important role in reducing new HIV infections by early diagnosis and need to know how to treat patients with HIV and understand universal cross‐infection control. In many parts of the world, healthcare professionals struggle to provide care because of barriers including stigma and cultural attitudes. Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of a brief educational intervention in understanding/changing the views of dental school deans regarding the quality of the oral health and HIV/AIDS teaching and their willingness to undertake a curriculum review if appropriate. Methods: Questionnaires before and after interactive presentation to the deans of 30 Indonesian dental schools and discussion. Results: Only six of 30 dental school deans believed that their HIV undergraduate dental student teaching was inadequate before the intervention, but 29 of 30 deans recognised the need to review their curriculum after the intervention. Whilst the majority (24/30) felt that their HIV teaching was adequate, good or excellent, the majority also thought that their students would find it difficult to treat patients with HIV. Conclusion: The brief educational intervention was effective in improving the understanding/changing the views of dental school deans regarding the quality of HIV/AIDS teaching and learning at their own institution and engaging a willingness to undertake curriculum review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) can improve the utilization of accounting information, the acceptance of this technology has been slower than anticipated. Some studies suggest that education can raise awareness of XBRL, thus improving its adoption in a country. This study describes the perspectives of accounting lecturers in Indonesia regarding XBRL and examines their intention to integrate it into their curriculum. By conducting a survey on 110 accounting lecturers teaching at the undergraduate level in Indonesian universities, we find that most of the respondents have not yet integrated XBRL topics into their current curriculum. This phenomenon may result from the lack of dissemination of information about XBRL from related regulators and the lack of clarity about its relevance to employment. However, more than half of the respondents still believe that XBRL has future potential. Using a modified technology acceptance model (TAM 3) adjusted to predict the acceptability of XBRL topics in the curriculum, PLS-SEM approach is employed, the results support the proposed model significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates how curriculum has contributed to society, especially in the context of maintaining peace in Indonesia. Unlike former studies that have paid the most attention to the fundamental role of the state actors or civil society, this study emphasizes the importance of school to build peace. This research pays attention to the case of catholic senior high school in Bali. The finding suggests that school can be agent of peace through implement the peace curriculum in school. This study demonstrates that the peace curriculum should be implemented in school to prevent the violence action. Hence, providing space for further discussion about the content of peace curriculum that can be implemented in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was intended to reveal the single homeschooling implementation of families with differences in maternal professions (career women and housewives) as primary educators. The research applied qualitative approach with the type of case study through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis was completed through data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicated that single homeschool learning is based on the national education standard curriculum in Indonesia, but carried out in a family environment according to children autonomy. Homeschooling in Indonesia also follows an equivalent educational program to obtain a certificate so that the graduate competencies of homeschooling students are recognized as the same as those of formal schools. Equivalent educational programs are part of non-formal education consisting of "Package A" (equal to elementary school), "Package B" (equal to junior high school), and "Package C" (equal to senior high school). Homeschooling learning takes place more flexibly, familiarizing children to be independent and responsible for learning decisions. Homeschooling presents learning based on children's talents and interests so that it can be an alternative education in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article religious environmental education curriculum in Indonesia considering the aspects of environmental sustainability and human-environment interaction. Topics include the education system of the country particularly in field of environmental education (EE), the exploration of the EE curriculum in the senior high school, and the analysis of how the various subjects such as mathematics and natural science exposes to EE.

In 2013, the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture published the 2013 Curriculum which demands teachers to implement authentic assessment as the method of assessing the students' competence. There were three areas of students' competence that should be assessed by authentic assessments, namely attitudes, knowledge, and skills. The types of authentic assessment that could be used to assess students' skills are performance, project, and portfolio. This study aims at describing the implementation of authentic assessment to measure students' English productive skills based on 2013 Curriculum at the eighth grade of a pilot school--State Junior High School 1 Ungaran (SJHS1U) in the academic year 2015/2016, explaining the problems the teachers encountered in implementing it, and explaining the solution used by the teachers to overcome those problems. The data were collected through interviews, class and document observations, were validated by triangulation of sources and analysed by using the flow model of Miles and Hubberman (1984). The results of the study revealed that the English teachers of the school have implemented the authentic assessment to measure students' English productive skills. In doing so, the teachers asked the students to describe picture cues and retell the story as the performance assessments, to write a text for the portfolio assessment and to produce a comic for the project assessment. However, the implementation has not been conducted properly yet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks to identify similarities and differences between vocational and academic-level bachelor programs within Indonesian hospitality and tourism education. Both the abilities and knowledge profiles of the graduates and the curriculum content are considered. These degrees were developed in 2008 following government recognition of hospitality and tourism as a field of study. Formerly these areas of study were only offered at diploma levels with a strong vocational emphasis. The findings from archival and interview assessments indicate that although subtle differences exist in the content of vocational and academic bachelor offerings, they are largely indistinguishable. A more searching underpinning of the programs using a distinctive educational philosophy is suggested to guide the aims and objectives of the different degrees. Such a structured approach could serve as a guideline for the selection of course content and teaching and learning endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within mathematics curricula, algebra has been widely recognized as one of the most difficult topics, which leads to learning difficulties worldwide. In Indonesia, algebra performance is an important issue. In the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2007, Indonesian students' achievement in the algebra domain was significantly below the average student performance in other Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore. This fact gave rise to this study which aims to investigate Indonesian students' difficulties in algebra. In order to do so, a literature study was carried out on students' difficulties in initial algebra. Next, an individual written test on algebra tasks was administered, followed by interviews. A sample of 51 grade VII Indonesian students worked the written test, and 37 of them were interviewed afterwards. Data analysis revealed that mathematization, i.e., the ability to translate back and forth between the world of the problem situation and the world of mathematics and to reorganize the mathematical system itself, constituted the most frequently observed difficulty in both the written test and the interview data. Other observed difficulties concerned understanding algebraic expressions, applying arithmetic operations in numerical and algebraic expressions, understanding the different meanings of the equal sign, and understanding variables. The consequences of these findings on both task design and further research in algebra education are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Second Vatican Council cautioned regarding the increasing secularization of Western societies that the greatest error of our age is the separation between faith and life. Through its history of the kingdoms of Buddhism and Hinduism, 350 years of Western colonization and growth of Islam, Indonesia claims to place religion in high regard. Citizens are obligated to proclaim one of the six recognized religions. All schools allocate four hours of religious teaching weekly. Critics doubt that the teaching of religion in schools will help solve problems. Corruption is rampant and ethnic-religious conflicts are increasing despite the people's claim as a religious nation. The challenge, then, is to integrate religious and character education into the core as well as hidden curriculum and teach students to nurture their faith and moral sense throughout their schooling. This essay explores how religious and character education in the school curriculum endeavors to prepare young people to enhance their intellectual capabilities and form them to be people of faith and character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influenced by contemporary research into the interconnectedness of language and culture, many Indonesian teacher education courses have introduced ‘new’ subjects such asIntercultural CommunicationandCross-Cultural Understanding, hoping to unsettle their students' traditional assumptions that language is merely a neutral medium for expressing or disseminating ideas or culture. And yet the extent to which such subjects might impact upon these students' understandings and beliefs is contingent upon the particular understandings and beliefs, and the ‘identity work’, of the lecturers and tutors who teach in those subjects. This qualitative case study focuses on one teacher educator's beliefs about and understandings of English language and culture, in order to tease out what perspectives onIntercultural Communicationare being constructed through the teaching and learning in that subject. Initial findings suggest some fundamental tensions and inconsistencies in the perspectives on language and culture being taught through this particular subject. Such tensions and contradictions are invariably part of all teachers' identity work, but they limit the potential for significant real change in student learning despite the apparent change in the curriculum being implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The development of Islamic economic practices in Indonesia shows an encouraging fact. Since the last fifteen years, the development of Islamic economic discourses in Indonesia has attracted the attention of many academicians and practitioners. From the academic view, the development of Islamic economics is marked by many educational institutions that offer training programs and courses of Islamic economics. Islamic economics study should lead to formation and internalization of Islamic values in the economiclife. Therefore, the suitable teaching method to increase the quality of Islamic economics is competency-based curriculum that combines textual and contextual approach. Both approaches should be incorporated in formal and nonformal education. Thus the development of Islamic economics are expected to line between conceptual and business practices in accordance with recent guidance that will eventually form an Islamic economic system truly in accordance with basic principles of sharia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]