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This paper traces the relationship between state development policies and planning Tehran's urban development from 1945 until the 1979 Islamic Revolution. It shows how the geopolitical context of the Cold War, and the political agendas of multilateral and bilateral development agencies (i.e. the World Bank and the Ford Foundation), together with the specific circumstances of the national modernization of Iran, were decisive in shaping the Iranian planning administration and the emergence of a comprehensive master planning approach. Moreover, this study demonstrates the critical role of the Iranian technocratic elite and professional middle class in establishing planning institutions and advocating for a vision of progress and development. The focus here is on the formation of the 'Plan Organization' as the first modern planning institution in Iran, and the ways in which this institution played a key role in shaping Iranian expert culture and urban planning practices. By examining the links between national development policies and urban planning, this paper presents how comprehensive master planning emerged as the preferred model for the planning and development of Iranian cities. The focus here is on the design and implementation of Tehran's 1968 Comprehensive Master Plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new CPVT model is provided using a photovoltaic module and pulsating heat pipe in its collector. • Different HTFs including Glycerine, Ethylene Glycol, and Calcium Chloride water mixture experimentally tested. • Enhancing heat pipe performance, a variety of working fluids were tested. • The provided cooling system recycles 47.3% of the thermal energy, resulting in a 48.8% efficiency increase. In this paper, the experimental investigation of the performance of a concentrated hybrid photovoltaic thermal solar system is sought. Accordingly, there is a parabolic trough concentrator receiver that consists of three components: a triangular duct, photovoltaic cells covering the duct, and a three-turn PHP. The PHP cools down the photovoltaic cells efficiently and regenerates waste heat. The duct is filled with a heat transfer fluid surrounding the PHP's evaporator. The condensation section of the PHP is located outside the solar concentrator. Using a one-axis polar mechanism, the concentrator tracks the sun from east to west. The system experiment setup was fabricated and tested outdoors in Tehran's climate. Different heat transfer fluids, including Glycerine, Ethylene Glycol, and Calcium Chloride water mixture, were tested. Given the enhancement of PHP performance, a variety of working fluids were tested, including graphene oxide nanofluid/water, acetone, and pure water. The experiments showed that graphene oxide nanofluid/water mixture provided the highest thermal performance. With the use of graphene oxide nanofluid/water (as a working fluid) and glycerine (as heat transfer fluid), experiment results showed a decrease of 7.84 °C in PV temperature and a consequent increase of 21.85% in electrical efficiency in best condition. Furthermore, the provided cooling system recycles a maximum of is 190.4 kJ of thermal energy equivalent 52.5% thermal efficiency, increasing overall efficiency by 74.35%. Lastly, the IRR of 65.41%, PBT of 1.04 years, and LCOE of 1.84 $/kWh demonstrate appropriate financial profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Presenting an optimization model to design and operate based on maximum profit NPV. • Planning the development of integrated waste management system for long-time horizon. • Evaluating the possibility of energy supply by WtE processes using superstructure. In this paper, a model of integrated waste management system was presented that evaluates the possibility of energy supply by the system and offers sustainable plans for expansion and development of the system in the long-time horizon. Initially, the system superstructure was represented, which includes waste-to-energy (WtE) processes with electricity product and waste-to-material (WtM) processes with products of recycled material and compost, and does not include the transportation sector. The mixed and source-segregated municipal solid waste, which is collected from city area, can be considered as feedstock in superstructure. Then, an optimization model of mixed integer nonlinear programming was formulated based on the superstructure. In addition to optimally determining the strategic process and feedstock allocation, this model plans product production and capacity expansion. The ability of model was tested through a case study of future Tehran metropolis. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A general conceptual model is developed bringing forth that (a) there are positive relationships between countries' economic development levels and their SME levels; (b) between SME levels and the levels of markets attractiveness. It also claims that a relationship can be defined between the level of SME/attractiveness and the nature of information investors use when they trade securities. As a pilot study, we have appraised the proposed relationships in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The results confirmed the proposed relations because the TSE operates in an under development economy, it's in a weak form of efficiency, it's not so attractive to foreign investors, and the TSE's investors mostly prefer to use quantitative (rather qualitative) and accounting (rather economic) information when they trade securities. Also our statistical tests show a higher correlation between accounting performance indicator (EBIT) with companies' performance indicator (shares market prices) than economic performance indicator (EVA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]