Search

Showing total 2 results
Start Over Topic electromagnetic fields Publication Year Range Last 50 years
2 results

1. Preliminary investigation of the microwave pyrolysis mechanism of sludge based on high frequency structure simulator simulation of the electromagnetic field distribution

Author

Xuxin Zhao, Rui Ma, Na-Na Yuan, Shichang Sun, Xianghua Zhang, Lin Fang, Peixin Zhang, Shenzhen Univerisity [Shenzhen], Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This paper was supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Planning Project (Grant Nos. JCYJ20150828113927076, JCYJ20130329113322731), the China National Natural Science Foundation (50906058) and the Natural Science Foundation of SZU (No. 827-000037)., Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Electromagnetic field, Hot Temperature, Environmental Engineering, Materials science, Carbon Compounds, Inorganic, 020209 energy, Microwave pyrolysis, Evaporation, Analytical chemistry, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Electromagnetic Fields, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Waste Management, Electric field, HFSS simulation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Desiccation, Microwaves, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sewage, Waste management, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Silicon Compounds, General Medicine, Thermal conduction, Raw sludge, 6. Clean water, Microwave irradiation, Electric field intensity, SiC sludge, Pyrolysis, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract

Under microwave irradiation, raw sludge was pyrolyzed mainly by evaporation of water, with a weight loss ratio of 84.8% and a maximum temperature not exceeding 200 °C. High-temperature pyrolysis of SiC sludge could be realized, with a weight loss ratio of 93.4% and a final pyrolysis temperature of 1131.7 °C. Variations between the electric field intensity distribution are the main reason for the differences of pyrolysis efficiencies. HFSS simulation showed that the electric field intensity of the raw sludge gradually decreased from 2.94 × 10 4 V/m to 0.88 × 10 4 V/m when pyrolysis ends, while that of SiC sludge decreased from 3.73 × 10 4 V/m at the beginning to 1.28 × 10 4 V/m, then increased to 4.03 × 10 4 V/m. The electromagnetic effect is the main factor (r ≥ 0.91) influencing the temperature increase and weight loss of raw sludge. Both the electromagnetic effect and heat conduction effect influenced temperature rise and weight loss of SiC sludge, but the former’s influence was comparatively larger.

Published
2017

2. Risk of brain tumours in relation to estimated RF dose from mobile phones: results from five Interphone countries

Author

Lynne D. Richardson, Elisabeth Cardis, Martine Vrijheid, Alistair Woodward, Graham G. Giles, Rodrigo Villegas, Jordi Figuerola, Marie-Élise Parent, Daniel Krewski, Bruce K. Armstrong, Martine Hours, Julianne Brown, Avital Jarus-Hakak, L. Montestruq, Louise Nadon, Angela Chetrit, Chen Hoffmann, Siegal Sadetzki, Mary L. McBride, Joseph D. Bowman, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Engineering and Physical Hazards Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Centre for MEGA Epidemiology, University of Melbourne-School of Population Health, Unité Mixte de Recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement (UMRESTTE UMR T9405), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR), McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa [Ottawa], BC Cancer Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency (BCCRC), Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center-Gertner Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], School of Population Health, University of Auckland [Auckland], Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Department of Population health, Hospital Research Centre-University of Montreal, Funding for the Interphone Study was provided by the European Fifth Framework Program, 'Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources' (contract QLK4-CT-1999901563), the International Union against Cancer (UICC). The UICC received funds for this purpose from the Mobile Manufacturers' Forum and GSM Association. Provision of funds to the Interphone Study investigators via the UICC was governed by agreements that guaranteed Interphone's complete scientific independence. The terms of these agreements are publicly available at http://www.iarc.fr/en/research-groups/RAD/RCAd.html Specific additional funds were provided for the development and analysis of the radio frequency exposure gradient and by the Fondation Santé et Radiofréquences, France and the Bundesamt fuer Strahlenschutz, Germany. The Australian centre was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (EME grant 219129), and BKA was supported by the University of Sydney Medical Foundation Program Grant and Julianne Brown by an Australian Postgraduate Award. The Cancer Council NSW and the Cancer Council Victoria provided most of the infrastructure for the project in Australia. The Canada-Montréal data collection was funded by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (project MOP-42525). Additionally, Dr Siemiatycki's research team was partly funded by the Canada Research Chair programme and by the Guzzo-CRS Chair in Environment and Cancer. Dr. Parent had salary support from the Fonds de recherche en santé du Québec. The other Canadian centres were supported by a universityeindustry partnership grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the latter including partial support from the Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association. The CIHR universityeindustry partnerships program also includes provisions that ensure complete scientific independence of the investigators. DK is the NSERC/SSHRC/McLaughlin Chair in Population Health Risk Assessment at the University of Ottawa. Additional funding for the study in France was provided by l'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) (contract 5142) and three network operators (Orange, SFR, Bouygues Télécom). The funds provided by the operators represented 5% of the total cost of the French study and were governed by contracts guaranteeing the complete scientific independence of the investigators. In New Zealand, funding was provided by the Health Research Council, Hawkes Bay Medical Research Foundation and the Cancer Society of New Zealand. The findings and conclusions in this paper have not been formally disseminated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy.

Subjects
Oncology, Male, epidemiological study, MESH: Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, Radio Waves, non-ionising radiation, MESH: Logistic Models, MESH: Meningioma, MESH: Radio Waves, MESH: Electromagnetic Fields, MESH: Glioma, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: New Zealand, MESH: Risk Factors, Mobile phones, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Middle Aged, ionising radiation, Brain Neoplasms, MESH: Israel, risk assessment, Brain, MESH: Case-Control Studies, RF exposure assessment, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, MESH: Brain Neoplasms, Original Article, epidemiology, Female, physics, Algorithms, electromagnetic fields, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Radiation Dosage, Rf exposure, MESH: Australia, MESH: Algorithms, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Radiation Dosage, Meningioma, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Canada, Glioma, Internal medicine, medicine, cancer, Humans, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Time Factors, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Case-control study, MESH: Adult, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, MESH: Meningeal Neoplasms, hygiene/occupational hygiene, MESH: Male, MESH: Odds Ratio, Surgery, nervous system diseases, MESH: France, Increased risk, Multicenter study, MESH: Cellular Phone, business, MESH: Female, Cell Phone
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine the associations of brain tumours with radio frequency (RF) fields from mobile phones. METHODS: Patients with brain tumour from the Australian, Canadian, French, Israeli and New Zealand components of the Interphone Study, whose tumours were localised by neuroradiologists, were analysed. Controls were matched on age, sex and region and allocated the 'tumour location' of their matched case. Analyses included 553 glioma and 676 meningioma cases and 1762 and 1911 controls, respectively. RF dose was estimated as total cumulative specific energy (TCSE; J/kg) absorbed at the tumour's estimated centre taking into account multiple RF exposure determinants. RESULTS: ORs with ever having been a regular mobile phone user were 0.93 (95% CI 0.73 to 1.18) for glioma and 0.80 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.96) for meningioma. ORs for glioma were below 1 in the first four quintiles of TCSE but above 1 in the highest quintile, 1.35 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.90). The OR increased with increasing TCSE 7+ years before diagnosis (p-trend 0.01; OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.47 in the highest quintile). A complementary analysis in which 44 glioma and 135 meningioma cases in the most exposed area of the brain were compared with gliomas and meningiomas located elsewhere in the brain showed increased ORs for tumours in the most exposed part of the brain in those with 10+ years of mobile phone use (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.13 to 6.94 for glioma). Patterns for meningioma were similar, but ORs were lower, many below 1.0. CONCLUSIONS: There were suggestions of an increased risk of glioma in long-term mobile phone users with high RF exposure and of similar, but apparently much smaller, increases in meningioma risk. The uncertainty of these results requires that they be replicated before a causal interpretation can be made.

Published
2011