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2. The Way of Japan: A Series of Workshop Papers.
- Author
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Arizona Univ., Tucson. East Asia Center.
- Abstract
The seven essays in this booklet are summaries of presentations made at the Way of Japan Workshop Series. Topics range from traditional Japanese history and culture to modern Japanese society and U.S.-Japanese relations. A welcome from Yoshi Okawara, Japanese ambassador to the United States, delineates how American and Japanese may think in different ways because of language, culture, and tradition but how both are forced to deal with the same types of questions and problems. In "Tokuigawa Japan and the Coming of the West," Gail Lee Bernstein discusses the history, exploits, and evolution of Japan's warrior elite, the Samurai. Chisato Kitagawa gives examples of the phonology, morphology and word formation, syntax, and four types of writing systems found in Japanese in "The Japanese Language: An Outline." The history, content, and characteristics of Japanese literature are the topic of Edward Putzar in "Japanese Literature: Discovery of the Inner and Outer Worlds." In "Seeing Japanese Art at A Distance," Joshua Goldberg considers what is "Japanese" about traditional Japanese art. A discussion of postindustrial society of Japan--its population, economy, problems, and prospects--is the focus of Minoru Yanagihashi in "Japanese Society and Politics: A Summary View." Finally, Frank Gibney offers five salient features of Japan's Confucian capitalism and discusses how it differs from American free enterprise. Selected Readings and Bibliography are included. (NE)
- Published
- 1981
3. A Cumulative Index for Focus on Asian Studies. Autumn 1971-Spring 1976. Service Center Paper on Asian Studies, No. 12.
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Association for Asian Studies, Columbus, OH. Service Center for Teachers of Asian Studies. and Pierce, Lucia B.
- Abstract
Approximately 1700 citations, from 1971-1976, plus fifteen issues of "Focus on Asian Studies," are listed in this cumulative index on Asian studies. It was compiled for any person seeking information (both print and nonprint materials) pertaining to Asian studies. Listed publications consist of newspaper articles, journal articles, papers, and books. The volume is arranged into 14 major categories: articles related to Asian studies; conferences, institutes, and workshops; summer study/travel programs; resource centers and related organizations; curriculum guides and bibliographies; Asian studies teaching file lesson (lesson plans); text materials for classroom use; multimedia materials; performing arts and exhibitions; periodicals; books; books for elementary schools; publishers of written materials; and publishers of multimedia materials. An eight-page listing of publishers of written and multimedia materials is included. (NE)
- Published
- 1976
4. Development and Use of an EFL Reading Practice Application for an Android Tablet Computer
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Ishikawa, Yasushige, Smith, Craig, Kondo, Mutsumi, Akano, Ichiro, Maher, Kate, and Wada, Norihisa
- Abstract
This paper reports on the use of an English-language reading practice application for an android tablet computer operating system with students who are not native speakers of English. The application materials for vocabulary learning in reading-passage contexts were created to include words from a database of low-frequency and technical noun-verb collocations which occurred frequently in certain documents related to the study of international affairs: thirty English-language annual reports of United Nations organizations found on official websites; and English-language annual reports and other articles from the websites of twenty international non-governmental organizations. The learning materials were used in an English for specific purposes course intended to support the reading skill development of students studying international affairs at a university in Japan. Research showed that use of the learning materials had three positive influences on students' study behavior: the students' reading speed increased without a loss in comprehension; the students reported that they enjoyed the reading practice with the mobile tablet computer; and they appreciated that it had some merits that differed from reading practice in hard copy formats that may help improve reading skills. [For the full proceedings, see ED562140.]
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- 2013
5. Education as Subversive Practice: Takarazuka Revue's Performative Re-Enactments of the Cold War
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Grajdian, Maria Mihaela
- Abstract
This paper focuses on the dynamics of education in the interplay of power and seduction as creatively displayed in Takarazuka Revue's performances re-enacting the major players of the Cold War: USA and Russia (rather than former Soviet Union). "Oceans 11" (cosmos troupe, 2019) and "Once Upon a Time in America" (snow troupe, 2020), on the one hand, and "Land of Gods" (cosmos troupe, 2017) and "Anastasia" (cosmos troupe, 2020), on the other hand, lavishly display subtle interactions of longing and belonging, ecstasy and rage, love and betrayal, envy, hatred and passion, while painstakingly building up irresistible tensions between the instances involved in the performative process: actresses, administrators, audiences. The theoretical support is delivered by Robert Greene's pragmatic elaborations in his seminal works "The 48 Laws of Power" (1998) and "The Art of Seduction" (2001): education is never a linear process between a 'master' and a 'disciple', but an interactive game, governed by the pursuit of joy in overcoming challenges and finding ingenious solutions.
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- 2023
- Full Text
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6. END 2015: International Conference on Education and New Developments. Conference Proceedings (Porto, Portugal, June 27-29, 2015)
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World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal) and Carmo, Mafalda
- Abstract
We are delighted to welcome you to the International Conference on Education and New Developments 2015-END 2015, taking place in Porto, Portugal, from 27 to 29 of June. Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. Our International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. Our goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2015 received 528 submissions, from 63 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form as Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference, 176 submissions (33% acceptance rate). The conference also includes a keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher, Professor Dr. Martin Braund, Adjunct Professor at Cape Peninsula University of Technology in Cape Town, South Africa and Honorary Fellow in the Department of Education at the University of York, UK, to whom we express our most gratitude. This volume is composed by the proceedings of the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2015), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.) and had the help of our respected media partners that we reference in the dedicated page. This conference addressed different categories inside the Education area and papers are expected to fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program we have chosen four main broad-ranging categories, which also cover different interest areas: (1) In TEACHERS AND STUDENTS: Teachers and Staff training and education; Educational quality and standards; Curriculum and Pedagogy; Vocational education and Counseling; Ubiquitous and lifelong learning; Training programs and professional guidance; Teaching and learning relationship; Student affairs (learning, experiences and diversity); Extra-curricular activities; Assessment and measurements in Education. (2) In PROJECTS AND TRENDS: Pedagogic innovations; Challenges and transformations in Education; Technology in teaching and learning; Distance Education and eLearning; Global and sustainable developments for Education; New learning and teaching models; Multicultural and (inter)cultural communications; Inclusive and Special Education; Rural and indigenous Education; Educational projects. (3) In TEACHING AND LEARNING: Educational foundations; Research and development methodologies; Early childhood and Primary Education; Secondary Education; Higher Education; Science and technology Education; Literacy, languages and Linguistics (TESL/TEFL); Health Education; Religious Education; Sports Education. (4) In ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES: Educational policy and leadership; Human Resources development; Educational environment; Business, Administration, and Management in Education; Economics in Education; Institutional accreditations and rankings; International Education and Exchange programs; Equity, social justice and social change; Ethics and values; Organizational learning and change. The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to teaching, learning and applications in Education nowadays. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, who will extend our view in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues, by sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. (Individual papers contain references.)
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- 2015
7. A Comparative Analysis of Aid Policies for Human Resource Development: United States and Japan.
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Pickert, Sarah and Kuroda, Kazuo
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Official Development Assistance (ODA) is an increasingly important part of foreign aid budgets. Countries that offer foreign aid to other nations do so for many, often contradictory reasons that range from national security and economic self-interest to humanitarian concerns. Every donor state uses ODA as an instrument of its foreign policy. This paper describes findings of a study that examined the relationship between Japan's and the United States' officially stated foreign-aid objectives and the trainees who participate in the two countries' programs. The study analyzed the links between aid flows and policy positions by determining the correlation between numbers of participating trainees by recipient country and three possible donor policy indicators. The data indicate that neither the Japanese nor the United States' participant-training practices match their official foreign policy objectives. Despite changes in policy to emphasize humanitarian interests, Japan offers trainee opportunities to its trading partners significantly more often than to other developing countries. Neither of the agencies that administer training programs in Japan reflect humanitarian policy objectives. The United States adheres to a humanitarian policy as part of its development-assistance statements; however, the data show that the United States trains more people from countries with large gross national products (GNPs) per capita than from countries with smaller GNPs. Additionally, the participant-trainee programs do not reflect the United States' stated foreign-policy objective of promoting economic interests. Six tables are included. (Contains 11 references.) (LMI)
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- 1995
8. Teaching the Nuclear Age: A History Institute for Teachers. Footnotes. Volume 14, Number 5
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Foreign Policy Research Institute, Wachman Center and Kuehner, Trudy
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On March 28-29, 2009, FPRI's Wachman Center hosted 43 teachers from across the country for a weekend of discussion on teaching the nuclear age. In his opening remarks, Walter A. McDougall observed that although students today are not made to crawl under their desks in air raid drills, that atomic power remains, and it is still necessary to raise a nuclear-literate generation. Sessions included: (1) Nuclear Weapons (Jeremy Bernstein); (2) Nuclear Weapons in International Politics (Andrew L. Ross); (3) The Decision to Drop the Bomb (Richard B. Frank); (4) The Nevada Test Site (Troy E. Wade II); (5) The Nuclear Age in the Classroom (Paul Dickler); (6) Cold War Arms Control (Avis Bohlen); (7) Nuclear Weapons Post-Cold War (James Goodby); (8) Does Nuclear Deterrence Apply in the Age of Terrorism? (Adam Garfinkle); and (9) Nuclear Weapons and the Cold War (Hans Mark.)
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- 2009
9. Establishing the Need for Cross-Cultural and Global Issues Research
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Zhao, Yali, Lin, Lin, and Hoge, John D.
- Abstract
More than any previous generation, today's students need to develop a global perspective and be knowledgeable about other nations in order to play a better role on the global stage. This paper first reviews some earlier and current studies on students' knowledge of the world, mainly conducted in the United States, and then it describes the global education status and similar studies in countries like Canada, Russia, the United Kingdom, China, Japan, South Korea, and Australia. Based on a review of studies in these countries, the paper proposes that contemporary assessments of students' cross-national and global knowledge and attitudes are necessary. The new research must be multinational, assessing what paired nations' school aged populations know about one another's history, geography, politics, economics, and international relations. (Contains 1 footnote.)
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- 2007
10. Internationalization, Nationalism, and Global Competitiveness: A Comparison of Approaches to Higher Education in China and Japan
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Hammond, Christopher D.
- Abstract
This paper explores the ways in which policies for national identity formation and internationalization interact to complement and contradict each other in the context of global higher education. These themes are explored by comparing recent policies in two countries in East Asia, a part of the world currently on the rise in the global hierarchy of higher education (Altbach in "Tert Educ Manag" 10:3-25, 2004; Marginson in "High Educ" 4(1), 2011b). China and Japan are presented as case studies, with a focus on the ways the two countries have pursued both higher education internationalization and nationalist agendas through education more broadly. The paper then turns to a discussion of the factors that might explain these approaches as well as the dilemmas that arise from the interaction of these policy agendas in the context of global higher education. The paper argues that while increasing global competitiveness through HE internationalization may prove beneficial to individual nation-states in the short term, countries in East Asia should consider the potential pitfalls of becoming too singly focused on competitiveness at the expense of mutual understanding and peaceful international relations in the region. Furthermore, the continued push to create uncritical nationalistic citizens threatens to undermine the goals of internationalization and may be detrimental to efforts at HE regional cooperation and integration. The paper concludes with recommendations that the two countries consider the potential benefits of global citizenship education and the expansion of regionally focused study abroad programs to help develop graduates with the global competencies conducive to both national competitiveness and regional cooperation.
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- 2016
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11. On JALT96: Crossing Borders. Proceedings of the Annual JALT International Conference on Language Teaching and Learning (23rd, Hiroshima, Japan, November 1996).
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Japan Association for Language Teaching, Tokyo., Cornwell, Steve, Rule, Peggy, Sugino, Toshiko, Cornwell, Steve, Rule, Peggy, Sugino, Toshiko, and Japan Association for Language Teaching, Tokyo.
- Abstract
Papers from an international conference on language teaching/learning are presented by topic and grouped under seven sections. An introductory section contains two papers on cultural diversity and world English. The second section, on teacher development, contains papers on these topics: teacher development and socialization; teachers' responses to questions about instruction; characteristics of a good language lesson; teaching students to understand instruction; students' reasons for poor English skills; cross-cultural aspects of the teacher's role; and an instructional materials development workshop. The third section, on classroom techniques and issues, addresses these topics: postsecondary level cooperative learning in Japan; shared inquiry for fostering critical thinking in English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) instruction; story grammar as a reading and discussion strategy; use of Japanese literature in reading instruction; multimedia second language reading instruction; vocabulary building; Japanese particle usage; beginning writing instruction; discipline-based technical writing; peer writing evaluation; oral communication instruction; dance as an instructional technique; test revision; and continuous assessment using computer-assisted instruction. In section 4, papers on use of technology in the classroom address: use of the Internet; on-line newspapers and magazines; computerized test and materials development; designing materials t accompany videos; and content video in ESL instruction. Papers on cultural issues in section 5 include these topics: multiculturalism in the classroom; comparing cultures through critical thinking; authority and individualism in Japan and the United States; a study trip to France; setting the stage in kindergarten; comparative social studies; folklore in ESL instruction; Model United Nations; global issues; geography instruction; gender issues; and English variation. The final section contains five papers on the Linguapax Program of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Papers are primarily in English, with some Japanese and French included. (MSE)
- Published
- 1997
12. Global Awareness through Video News.
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MacDonald, Errol
- Abstract
At Tokai University (Japan), an English-as-a-Second-Language course in global issues through video uses the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's monthly video magazine "News in Review", published eight months a year for use in Canadian English-medium schools. Of the four segments in each magazine, usually two are about Canada or international issues as they relate to Canada; the remainder are on a variety of international topics, all documentary in approach, educational, and presented in a way that demonstrates the power of television in shaping social conscience and global consciousness, an element needed in Japanese society. A supplementary resource package for teachers helps use the video materials. The teacher's intention is to have students comprehend not only the language and content of the segments, but also the issues, concepts, and values within them, and to express feelings and opinions and ask questions based on that understanding. Classroom activities are designed to exploit information, reasoning, and opinion gaps experienced by the students. In using video, teachers are advised to use short sequences, provide repeated viewings, treat the video as both visual and aural text, and plan pre-viewing, viewing, and post-viewing activities. Contains six references. (MSE)
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- 1996
13. Peace Museums: For Peace Education? Educational Information and Debate No. 102.
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School of Education, Malmo (Sweden). and Bjerstedt, Ake
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This booklet is intended to stimulate discussion about the potential influence of peace museums as a way to educate the public about peace. Four papers are included representing four somewhat different perspectives. The first paper, "The Environment for Peace Education: The Peace Museum Idea" (Terence Duffy), outlines the origins and the growth of the peace museum idea and discusses categories of such museums, especially the Irish Peace Museum Project. The second article, "On the Creative Principles, Message, and Thematic Content of a Peace Museum" (Peter van den Dungen), details some of the principles and content of a peace museum, presenting a general outline of 18 possible major themes. The third paper, "A Peace Museum as a Center for Peace Education: What do Japanese Students Think of Peace Museums" (Kazuyo Yamane), discusses present trends and possibilities in the peace museum field. The final essay, "Peace Museums as Potential Instruments of Peace Education: Viewpoints Expressed by Members of the PEC Network" (Ake Bjerstedt), provides responses to a questionnaire about the positive interest in the idea of peace museums as potential instruments for peace education, based on 60 respondents from 25 different countries. (EH)
- Published
- 1993
14. International Cooperation for a Single World Production Standard of High Definition Television.
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Hongcharu, Boonchai
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Broadcasters, television engineers and the production industry have encountered many problems with diverse television standards since the introduction of color television. With the advent of high definition television (HDTV), the chance to have a common production standard for international exchange of programs and technical information has returned once again. However, this seems to be impossible with HDTV developers in Japan, Europe, and the United States supporting different production standards. International cooperation would be a means of reaching a single world production standard for HDTV. Such cooperation would reduce the high costs of reinventing the systems and would unite many-sided experts and resources to search for the best standard. The payoff of this cooperation would benefit all parties as they could share a larger market and eliminate the costs of converting from one system to another. Licensing agreements, worldwide investment, research and development, and the formation of consortia are examples of cooperative activities that would lead to this end. (16 references) (DB)
- Published
- 1990
15. Globalization and Education in Japan
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Ohkura, Kentaro and Shibata, Masako
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In this paper, the authors contend that globalization in Japan is the gradual process in which Japan's positioning of "self" within international relations, which had formerly been dominated by the West, has changed. Accordingly, Japan's relationships with the West and the rest of the world, for example, Asia, have also been reviewed and modified. The argument is developed in the context in which Japan sees itself through its image of the international community. The so-called Westernization theme of Japan, and probably of other "catch-up" countries, is not as linear as before, and does seem to be more complex in this age of globalization. The dominance of the West in education and other fields has steadily been multi-polarized, and its decline has raised competition among countries around the world. To examine the shift in Japan's positioning in the world and her consequent modifications in dealing with education, this paper looks at the historical and contemporary dimensions of Japanese education. It first traces the processes of Japan's national political agenda of modernization and Westernization, before exploring the present dispute in education reform as a global event. Thus, the major arguments are twofold. First, as part of the global community, Japan has adapted to the principle of interconnectedness and interdependency and recognized its importance. Second, with the decline of Western dominance as the major change in the world climate, Japan problematized educational competitiveness among the people, which involves the association of education with human capital theory. Both of these aspects of Japanese education are the reflection of the positioning of Japan versus the West and the rest of the world, which has been changing in the context of globalization in politics, economy, and above all education. (Contains 6 notes.)
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- 2009
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16. English Language Teaching in Japan: Policy Plans and Their Implementations
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Honna, Nobuyuki and Takeshita, Yuko
- Abstract
This paper describes Japan's most recent attempts to improve English teaching and learning at all levels of the education system both for students and teachers as well as for the public in general. Based on policy recommendations by several advisory committees, the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology has developed a five-year strategic plan to cultivate "Japanese with English Abilities". One important issue is whether or not English should be introduced in public elementary classrooms as a subject. Various districts, nationwide, have implemented this primary English program with the government's approval. This paper deals with the issues involved in implementing the new awareness of the importance of English as a Japanese language for international communication within the country as well as abroad. (Contains 2 figures and 11 notes.)
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- 2005
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17. Pearl Harbor: A Failure for Baseball?
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Crepeau, Richard C.
- Abstract
The history of sports is closely tied to the larger history of the society in which they are played. Baseball in the United States in the 1920's and l930's assumed a major role in spreading the ideals of fair play, sportsmanship, and democracy to the Far East, with tours by amateur athletes and professionals such as Lou Gehrig and Babe Ruth. Even after the passage of the Immigration Act of 1924, it was felt that Baseball Diplomacy should continue in order to lessen Japanese resentment at American racial prejudice. The ideals of the early thirties, both in sports and diplomacy, were slowly dispelled by activities in the European sphere, where nations were preparing for war. The major baseball-related news from Japan, after successful tours in 1934, 1935, and 1936, came in 1940, when radio broadcasting of professional games ceased, and English playing terms and team names were replaced by Japanese words. In August of 1940, baseball was abolished in Japan, and on December seventh, Pearl Harbor was attacked. The sports world tried to explain the deed as a weakness in the Japanese national character, rather than as a failure of the civilizing role of baseball, and threw itself fully into the war effort. A period of idealism and naivete was coming to an end, and sports slowly came to recognize the fact, just as did the rest of society. (MB)
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- 1976
18. Japan: The Modernization of an Ancient Culture. Series on Public Issues No. 3.
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Wolken, Lawrence C.
- Abstract
This booklet, one of a series of booklets intended to apply economic principles to major social and political issues of the day, traces the modernization of the ancient culture of Japan. Four major areas are covered: (1) "An Ancient Culture" covers the period from the first settling of Japan through the Heian period, the medieval ages, the Meiji restoration, and the development of Japan as a world power. (2) "Postwar Japan" covers the rebuilding of Japan, economic recovery, and social and political change. (3) "Contemporary Japan" deals with Japanese industry, lifetime employment, labor unions and management, production innovations, domestic problems, environmental and social issues, farm subsidies, and budget deficits. (4) "United States-Japan Relations" covers Japanese concerns, trade frictions from the Japanese perspective, government subsidies, Japanese protectionist measures, agriculture, and national defense. A concluding section stresses the need to remove all trade barriers in an atmosphere of mutual understanding. (IS)
- Published
- 1983
19. Alternative Patterns of International Collaboration for School Improvement: An Analysis of Activities of the OECD/CERI Pacific Circle Consortium.
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Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, OR. and Fish, Lawrence D.
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This paper explores methods of collaboration among countries in order to promote successful development, exchange, and dissemination of international education materials. The discussion emphasizes activities of the Pacific Circle Consortium, which was founded in 1977 and includes Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, and the United States. Its goals are to exchange information, materials, and personnel and to develop educational materials with a multicultural perspective. The paper is presented in five major sections. Section one explains the Consortium's origin, structure, membership, purpose, and activities. Section two defines the concept of international collaboration and outlines various methods of collaboration, stressing three important types of activity within collaborative efforts. These are parallel, cooperative, and integrated activities. Section three discusses four key elements of any type of collaborative activity: commitment and decision making, location of activity, structure and roles of participating agencies, and size and scope of activity. The discussion related these elements to specific Consortium procedures. Section four describes exemplary Consortium activities of parallel, cooperative, and integrated natures. Section five offers comments on constraints of collaborative ventures and specific implications of the Consortium's experience. (AV)
- Published
- 1982
20. Intercultural Communication: Between Japan and the United States.
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Kitao, Kenji, Kitao, S. Kathleen, Kitao, Kenji, and Kitao, S. Kathleen
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This collection of papers on the intercultural communication between the United States and Japan is divided into three sections. The first section, "Introduction to Intercultural Communication," describes the background of the relationship between Japan and the United States, the history of the study of intercultural communication, and some of the problems related to it--barriers that make communication between Americans and Japanese more difficult. The second section, "Influences on Culture and Cultural Influences," includes seven papers on various aspects of communication between Americans and Japanese. The third section, "Japanese Students' Knowledge of American Culture," is made up of five studies related to Japanese students' contact with Americans and American culture, their knowledge of American culture, and the problems that they face in the United States. The book also includes a bibliography compiled for teachers of English in Japan who are interested in the influence of culture and intercultural communication on language teaching and learning. (MS)
- Published
- 1989
21. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (82nd, New Orleans, Louisiana, August 3-8, 1999). International Communication, Part 1.
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Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.
- Abstract
The International Communication, Part 1 section of the Proceedings contains the following 9 papers: "Chilean Conversations: On-line Forum Participants Discuss the Detention of Augusto Pinochet" (Eliza Tanner); "Media of the World and World of the Media: A Crossnational Study of the Ranking of the 'Top 10 World Events' from 1988 to 1998" (Zixue Tai); "Is the System Down? The Internet and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)" (Dane S. Claussen); "Professionalism and African Values at 'The Daily Nation' in Kenya" (Carol Pauli); "Refining the Participatory Approach to Development Communication through the Public Relations Excellence Model" (Dan Berkowitz and Nancy Muturi); "National Interest and Coverage of U.S.-China Relations: A Content Analysis of 'The New York Times'&'People's Daily' 1987-1996" (Xigen Li); "Worthy Versus Unworthy Victims in Bosnia and Croatia, 1991 to 1995: Propaganda Model Application to War Coverage in Two Elite Newspapers" (Lawrence A. [Luther] Di Giovanni); "'Interactive' Online Journalism at English-Language Web Newspapers in Asia: A Dependency-Theory Analysis (Brian L. Massey and Mark R. Levy); and "Praising, Bashing, Passing: Newsmagazine Coverage of Japan, 1965-1994" (Anne Cooper-Chen). (RS)
- Published
- 1999
22. The East Asian Resource & Education Program at Yale. A Catalogue of A.V. Materials, Resources, and Organizations.
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Yale Univ., New Haven, CT. Council on East Asian Studies. and White, Caryn
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This document consists of an annotated bibliography of publications, audio visual materials, and other items available through Yale University's East Asian Resource and Education Program. The document begins with a discussion of the program, its goals and objectives, teacher and school projects, publications, and special events. There is also a description of the East Asian Education Resource Center and Library. The paper describes materials available through the program, which appear under the major headings "China,""Japan,""Korea", "Asia,""Asian Americans," and "International/Global." A discussion of "Organizations at or Affiliated with Yale" subdivides topics into descriptions of libraries, galleries and collections, and organizations and associations. Subject and title indexes conclude the document. (SG)
- Published
- 1993
23. Framing biases and language choices: how the Japanese media broadcast foreign aid policy for Africa.
- Author
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Hatani, Faith
- Subjects
JAPANESE language ,INTERNATIONAL economic assistance ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,UNIVERSAL language ,LANGUAGE policy ,MASS media - Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to investigate how the Japanese media conveyed the country's foreign aid policy and analyse how framing biases in the news differ depending on which language (either Japanese or English) was used in the broadcasts. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a qualitative single case-study design and conducts a content analysis. The study uses news videos about the fifth Tokyo International Conference on African Development aired on YouTube by the Japanese media using Japanese and English. Findings: The findings reveal subtle but notable differences in the patterns of the framing biases in the Japanese media's news aired in Japanese intended for the domestic audience, and in the news on the same topic broadcast in English to the international audience. Research limitations/implications: The limitation of the study is the rather small data set used for the single case study of one event. Social implications: Framing biases could lead the general public in a monolingual society to a more skewed view of their government's policy and its activities abroad. This could be an obstacle to developing a common ground for global issues and cross-border policy agendas. Originality/value: The study explores an under-researched function of language in international affairs. It highlights how the mass media in a non-English-speaking country uses a dual approach to framing news while addressing different audiences. To the best of the author's knowledge, the context that this paper deals with is novel because there are limited studies on the nexus between the influence of language choices and media logic in the field of international business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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24. NORDIC CO-OPERATION IN JAPAN: TOWARDS FOREIGN POLICY COLLABORATION?
- Author
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Ingvarsdóttir, Kristín
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations ,COOPERATION ,PRIME ministers - Abstract
In 2019, the prime ministers of the Nordic countries announced their joint vision of leading the most sustainable and integrated region in the world by 2030. While public opinion on EU integration has been divided in the Nordic countries, there is broad support for closer intra-Nordic collaboration. The paper asks whether this new vision is likely to lead to closer collaboration on the foreign policy front. To answer, trends in Nordic policies and strategies towards the wider world are studied and three joint initiatives centred on Japan are analysed to see how some of these policies have played out in practice. On the one hand, the cases demonstrate a variety of processes and formats for Nordic collaboration. On the other hand, they demonstrate how well Nordic collaboration can work in a remote, yet strategic market like Japan, not only as an abstract idea, but also in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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25. Japan's Advocacy for Human Security in Global Politics: Case Study of Japan's Grant Assistance for Grass-Roots Human Security Projects (GGP) in the State of Sabah, Malaysia, 2000–2021.
- Author
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Dollah, Ramli, Peters, Diana, Hassan, Wan Shawaluddin Wan, Omar, Marja Azlima, Rahim, Md Saffie Abdul, and Jafar, Adi
- Subjects
HUMAN security ,INTERNATIONAL economic assistance ,HUMANITARIAN assistance ,WORLD War II ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,POSTMODERNISM (Philosophy) ,SENDAI Earthquake, Japan, 2011 - Abstract
After World War II, Japan became a major recipient of foreign aid from the USA. As Japan's economy improved in the 1960s, it played a significant role as a global aid donor in world politics through its Official Development Assistance (ODA). This commitment continued into the 1990s when Japan, as one of the leading proponents of the concept of human security, began providing humanitarian aid to more countries across the globe. To better understand the notion of human security in international politics, this paper examines Japan's endorsement of the concept in its foreign policy strategy. This paper provides an overview and critical assessment of Japan's Grant Assistance for Grass-Roots Human Security Projects (GGP) in the state of Sabah in East Malaysia from 2000 to 2021. This paper argues that different contexts and circumstances in the state of Sabah require further study, especially for understanding Japan's focus and concern in the area of basic human security needs, as enshrined in the GGP philosophy. Despite Japan's GGP objective as part of its foreign policy to promote human development, the execution of its foreign aid in Sabah does have issues. This paper concludes that the implementation of Japan's GGP necessitates greater inclusion, particularly for other vulnerable groups and underdeveloped areas in Sabah. Despite Japan's GGP objective as part of its foreign policy to promote human development, the execution of its foreign aid in Sabah does have issues. This paper concludes that the implementation of Japan's GGP necessitates greater inclusion, particularly for other vulnerable groups and underdeveloped areas in Sabah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Compromised Stability of Korea's Japan Policy: Two-Level Constraints, Leaders' Incentives, and the GSOMIA Swings.
- Author
-
Chaekwang You
- Subjects
EXPORT controls ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
Korea's Japan policy has increasingly become inconsistent and even volatile across time. At the centre of the inconsistency is the Moon Jae-In government's GSOMIA policy. While starting his tenure by deciding to remain in the GSOMIA, the government made 180-degree turn and notified its intention not to renew the agreement when Japan announced export controls. But the decision was completely reversed within months when the government held off ending the agreement. What explains such inconsistency in Korea's Japan policy? To answer this question, the paper proposes a generic model of foreign policy inconsistency, which might be called "two-level constraint model" and applies it to the case of Korea's GSOMIA policy. The central argument of the model is that the inconsistency in the countries' foreign policy is the result of shifts in foreign policy leaders' incentives, which are affected by the changes in the level of external-and internal political constraints they face. A crucial case study of the Moon Jae-In government's GSOMIA policy finds strong evidence that lends a support for the argument. The paper concludes by offering both a short summary and policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Reconsidering Japan's War Reparations and Economic Re-Entry into Southeast Asia.
- Author
-
Hiroyuki Hoshiro
- Subjects
- *
WAR , *INTERNATIONAL economic assistance , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *JAPANESE literature , *HISTORICAL analysis , *POSTWAR reconstruction - Abstract
Japan's war reparations began to be paid to Burma and the Philippines in 1956 and ended in 1976. Approximately 65 years have passed since the reparation payment began. The nature of Japan's Official Development Assistance, which has been based on economic infrastructure and prioritises Asia, began with war reparations. Although post-war reparations are relevant to Japan's economic statecraft, previous studies have analysed only the negotiation process for individual countries. No comprehensive historical analysis of war reparations has been conducted so far. This paper fills this gap by analysing the declassified materials of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the state-of-the-art Japanese literature based on those materials. It also clarifies the characteristics of war reparations as part of Japan's Official Development Assistance by looking at the projects and goods paid by the reparations in each country. Furthermore, this paper challenges the conventional understanding of previous research on Japan's economic re-entry into Southeast Asia through reparations. The study concludes that reparations were unimportant in increasing Japan's exports to Asian countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Japanese Defense White Paper Reaffirms Strategic Priorities.
- Author
-
Weitz, Richard
- Subjects
JAPANESE foreign relations ,MILITARY policy ,FOREIGN relations of the United States ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
The article discusses the approval given by the Japanese government to its annual defense white paper, "Defense of Japan 2007." The report identifies North Korea and China as Japan's primary strategic concerns while reaffirming its alliance with the U.S. The white paper also emphasizes the commitment of Japan to international peacekeeping and its intent to keep defense spending slightly below 1 percent of its gross domestic product.
- Published
- 2007
29. Assumptions and Implications of Cross-National Attraction in Education: The Case of 'Learning from Japan'
- Author
-
Shibata, Masako
- Abstract
This article deals with the assumptions and implications of the Malaysian policy for "learning from Japan". The article explores the ways in which this policy has effectively been operated in drawing a new geography of "Asia", dislodging colonial legacies in the region and countering the consolidation of other regional blocs. Cross-national educational interaction has increasingly been a key issue in international relations. After the end of the Cold War, the traffic of people, commodities and information is blocked less and less by the barriers of state political ideologies, and has begun to hinge on new notions of boundaries. Free trade blocs are formed by agreements among "neighbours", sharing economic advantage and the quality of basic values, such as "democracy" and "human rights". Such communal values play a powerful role in the redefinition of "us" and the legitimisation of regional societies. The vigour of cross-national educational transfer in the past two decades, as will be argued, has effectively been used for the formation of new identities of individual nations and for the promotion of new aspirations for the regional alliances. (Contains 3 tables.)
- Published
- 2006
30. Impossible Allies? When History and Security Collide: South Korea—Japan Relations in Context.
- Author
-
Bae, Joonbum
- Subjects
KOREAN history ,COLD War, 1945-1991 ,SECURITY management ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
To what degree are historical animosities regarding another country relevant for foreign policy in the face of changes in the security environment? This paper seeks to answer this question in the context of Korea–Japan relations. While pundits have pointed to the Korean public's negative views of Japan—rooted in the colonial experience—as the explanation for the lack of cooperation between Japan and Korea in the security field, this paper argues changes in the level of common external threat can shift the public's priorities from perceived historical injustices toward the needs of security. Surveys from the period when the security environment was shifting markedly—the final years of the Cold War (1986–1990)—reveal that public opinion regarding Japan relative to other powers in the region began to deteriorate only after the security environment improved, pointing to a limit to the extent that "history" trumps security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Korean and Japanese Press: A Study in Crisis.
- Author
-
Ruidl, Richard A.
- Abstract
During a time of crisis, it is instructive to examine the national press of Japan and Korea, two economic allies that view each other with suspicion. The Japanese press is relatively free and liberal-oriented on the domestic scene but is closely aligned with big business and government with regard to international concerns. The South Korean government uses all the major press and mass media outlets to foster and promote the official desires of President Park. The Korean Central Intelligence Agency has infiltrated every newsroom of every newspaper and broadcasting station in Korea to insure a consistent Korean editorial policy on all domestic and international issues. For both countries, the maintenance of diplomatic and economic relations is a priority. In April 1974, two Japanese students living in Korea were arrested and charged with supplying money and materials for demonstrations and with scheming to build a communist-directed power base in Korean colleges. A study of the differing reports of the news agencies of each country concerning this crisis is instructive in demonstrating how elusive the study of comparative press systems is. (TJ)
- Published
- 1978
32. A Study of How Australia, Canada and Japan are Perceived on United States Television Network News.
- Author
-
Breen, Myles P.
- Abstract
A study was conducted to explore the way network television news observes three countries friendly to the United States: Australia, Canada, and Japan. Every news story from 1968 to 1983 on the ABC, CBS, and NBC networks that mentioned any of the three countries or their people was examined. Coders classified the 4,038 stories based on origin, date, length, network broadcast technique, and topic category. The most significant finding of the study was that none of the countries was particularly newsworthy. Most of the stories originated in the United States. The Canadian and Japanese stories tended to concern legal and political or business and economic matters, insofar as these impinged on American interests. Canadian stories were often concerned with the Canadian environment, but seldom with Canadian sports. Stories were unusually interested in Australian sports and environment. In general, the news reports tended to ignore art, music, show business, and religion, particularly in Canada. (HTH)
- Published
- 1985
33. Human Values in Intercultural Communication: Japan Compared to the U.S.A.
- Author
-
Ishii, Satoshi and Klopf, Donald W.
- Abstract
Values are the evaluative and judgmental facet of a culture's "personal orientation system," helping its members determine what is right or wrong, good or bad, important or unimportant. However, the values which are of primary importance to citizens of a particular country may be of only secondary or tertiary importance to citizens of another country, a difference which can lead to problems in international communication. A comparison study demonstrated this problem by examining the differences in values held by Americans and Japanese. A survey was administered to 230 students at Nihon and Otsuma Women's University in Japan and to a similar number at West Virginia University. The students were asked to rate 42 values as being of primary (i.e., worth dying for) secondary, or tertiary value, or of no value. Results showed that the American students attached primary value to independence, individuality, human dignity, democracy, and loyalty, while the Japanese felt only peace was of primary value. Some of the values Americans felt were of secondary importance include hospitality, firstness, aggressiveness, and money, while the Japanese listed independence, individuality, hospitality, and democracy as being of secondary importance. Differences such as these need to be taken into account during intercultural exchanges, and representatives of each culture should make an effort to understand the other's values to avoid hostility and communication breakdowns. (Eighteen references are included.) (JC)
- Published
- 1987
34. Creating Attractiveness: The Competitive Challenge for U.S. Industry.
- Author
-
Morita, Akio
- Abstract
Comments on some fundamentals of trade, suggesting that the world economy has become essentially one transnational unit. Discusses the extent to which Japan and the United States are economically linked. States that protective measures against goods produced abroad are not a solution to any nation's economic problems. (KO)
- Published
- 1989
35. The inter-agency standing committee (IASC) guidelines on mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) in emergency settings: a critique.
- Author
-
Marshall, Claire
- Subjects
WELL-being ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,COMMITTEES ,SOCIAL support ,HUMANITARIANISM ,EMERGENCY services in psychiatric hospitals ,MENTAL health ,MEDICAL protocols ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,CULTURAL competence ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress - Abstract
The bio-medical model of 'mental health' and 'mental illness' that relates to the relationship between wellbeing and distress informs psychopathology and dominates conceptualisation in many Western Educated Industrialised Rich Democratic (WEIRD) populations. This paper aims to critique the model, questioning the appropriateness of psychopathology as a conceptual framework when working as a Western trained clinician with populations such as in China, Japan, Asia, the Middle-East and Africa. The paper also considers the cultural appropriateness of western notions of psychopathology when working inter-culturally in relation to the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings, and the Review of the Implementation of the IASC Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Framework for Policy Analysis of Alternative Patterns of International Education Dissemination.
- Author
-
Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, OR. and Fish, Lawrence D.
- Abstract
Strategies for dissemination of international education materials on an international level are discussed in this paper. The analysis focuses on dissemination frameworks applicable to member countries of the Pacific Circle Consortium. These countries are Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, and the United States. Section one of the report explains dissemination activities of eight educational research and development agencies within the Consortium countries. Section two summarizes findings of seven studies conducted in recent years concerning the structure and effectiveness of dissemination efforts in the United States. Section three presents a framework for analyzing dissemination patterns. The framework can be used by different nations whose educational systems have diverse structures and goals. This framework provides guidance for the Consortium agencies to document and analyze their international dissemination efforts as they design and implement effective processes for disseminating the results of the research and development from other countries. (AV)
- Published
- 1982
37. Asymmetry and Imbalance: The Knowledge Network in Japan-United States Relations.
- Author
-
Altbach, Philip G. and Umakoshi, Toru
- Abstract
Examines the complex nature of the educational exchange relationship between Japan and the United States, which is characterized by imbalances and asymmetries in the number of students and scholars crossing the Pacific, translations of books and journals, and other knowledge products. Makes recommendations for improvement in all aspects of knowledge exchange between these countries. (Author/MSE)
- Published
- 1997
38. Academic Mobility in a Changing World: Regional and Global Trends. Higher Education Policy 29.
- Author
-
Blumenthal, Peggy
- Abstract
This volume contains papers on regional and global trends that affect the political factors which are changing the context within which academic mobility occurs: (1) "Introduction" (by Peggy Blumenthal and others); (2) "Political Dimensions of Regionalism in a Changing World" (David Leyton-Brown); (3) "Economic Dimensions of Regionalism" (Gary Hufbauer and Anup Malani); (4) "Cultural Dimensions of Regionalization" (Robert Picht); (5) "International Education from the Perspective of Emergent World Regionalism: The Academic, Scientific and Technological Dimension" (Malcolm Skilbeck and Helen Connell); (6) "Developments in the Internationalization of Higher Education in Europe" (Gisela Baumgratz-Gangl); (7) "Regional Cooperation and Mobility in a Global Setting: The Example of the European Community:" (Alan Smith); (8) "Academic Mobility Programmes in a Regional Context: A German Viewpoint" (Karl Roeloffs); (9) "East-West Academic Mobility within Europe: Trends and Issues" (Ladislav Cerych); (10) "The Hungarian Experience of Academic Cooperation with North America and the European Community" (Tamas Lajos); (11) "Academic Mobility in Russia" (Stanislav Merkurlev); (12) "International Cooperation Activities of Canadian Universities: North American and Other Current Trends" (Eva Egron-Polak); (13) "The Future of Educational Exchange in North America: A View from the United States" (Stanley N. Katz); (14) "From Threat to Opportunity: A New Perspective for the Development of International Education in North America" (Sylvia B. Ortega Salazar); (15) "Academic Mobility and Exchange in Brazil" (Eunice Ribeuro Durham); (16) "Japan and International Academic Mobility in Asia and the Pacific" (Yoshiya Abe); (17) "Academic Mobility in South-East Asia and the Role of Thai Higher Education" (Wichit Srisa-An); (18) "International Education in Australia: Historical Trends, Current Developments and Challenges for the Future" (Elizabeth Anderson); (19) "International Academic Cooperation in the Arab Region: Past, Present and Future" (Salah Morsi); (20) "Regional Cooperation and Mobility in Higher Education: The Implications for Human Resource Development in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Relevance of Recent Initiatives to Europe" (Anthony Smallwood and T. L. Maliyamkono); (21) "Research on Academic Mobility and International Cooperation in Higher Education: An Agenda for the Future" (Ulrich Teichler); (22) "Academic Mobility in a Changing World: Concluding Reflections on the Issues at Stakes" (Crauford D. Goodwin); and (23) "Bibliography" (Albert Over). The bibliography contains about 1,500 references. (JB)
- Published
- 1996
39. Vested interests as a hidden driver of Japan's remilitarization: the case of BMD deployment through a neoclassical realist approach.
- Author
-
Watai, Yuki
- Subjects
BALLISTIC missiles ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,REALISM - Abstract
Japan's shift to balancing through the deployment of Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) in 2003 is not solely accounted for by the structural incentives in conventional realism. Rather, it is because of a dynamic interaction of the structure and domestic politics, which is more nuancedly captured by neoclassical realism. This paper posits that the concept of 'vested interests' such as economic ones, and not necessarily leaders' perception of threat, plays a crucial role as a hidden driver of Japan's remilitarisation regarding BMD. The existing literature does not accurately capture 'how' Japan chose the option of BMD as a means of balancing, 'why' Japan shifted to balance and 'when' it completes the shift and begins balancing. Therefore, by supplementing the existing realist paradigms, the paper intends to establish a theoretical bridge between structure and foreign policy outcome with unit-level variables, the value of which lie in the level of maintenance of theoretical rigour with strong explanatory power. The paper contributes to the substantive debate on why, when and how Japan's shift occurred to begin balancing from its previous behaviour, with further contributions to a broader theoretical debate on how a major state responds to a rising power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. FASCINATION WITH THE MODERNIZATION OF JAPAN – REACTIONS OF THE WEST-EUROPEAN PART OF THE SILK ROAD TROUGH THE PRISM OF REVERSIBLE EXOTISME.
- Author
-
Tasevska, Milica Golubović
- Subjects
SILK Road ,LEGENDS ,JAPANESE art ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,PRISMS ,MYTH - Abstract
Copyright of TEME: Casopis za Društvene Nauke is the property of TEME: Casopis za Drustvene Nauke and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Japanese Non-State Actors' Under-Recognised Contributions to the International Anti-Nuclear Weapons Movement.
- Author
-
Chin, Lili, Govindasamy, Geetha, and Md Akhir, Md Nasrudin
- Subjects
ANTINUCLEAR movement ,NON-state actors (International relations) ,BOMBINGS ,BOMBARDMENT of Hiroshima, Japan, 1945 ,HUMANITARIANISM ,HUMANITARIAN assistance ,NUCLEAR weapons ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
Copyright of All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy & Peace is the property of Ihsan Dogramaci Peace Foundation, Center for Foreign Policy & Peace Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. QUAD: A RECIPE FOR CONFRONTATION OR STABILITY?
- Author
-
Khan, Sheharyar and Mohammad, Dost
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL security ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,NAVAL maneuvers - Abstract
Quad or Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, a group of four democracies, the US, India, Japan, and Australia, was first proposed in 2007 by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe in his 'confluence of two seas' speech that subsequently embarked on the path to the foundation of the group. Quad perceives China's economic growth, which enables her to transform the world order as a threat and aims at containing the growing Chinese assertiveness in the Indo-Pacific region. The Malabar naval exercises in the Indian Ocean by the Quad members were one such exercise. This paper, aims to analyze the formation of Quad and will contemplate whether the group is causing confrontation or stability in the Asia-Pacific and Indo-Pacific regions. The paper will also assess that the Quad is designed to counter China's growing influence in the Asia-pacific and Indo-pacific regions. Containing China is likely to create a confrontation in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
43. International Education: The Problem of Integration.
- Author
-
Il'Chenko, V.
- Abstract
Contends that there is a growing world market in education that has particular importance for Russia and Europe. Discusses the growing numbers of higher education students who study in other nations. Presents a list of recommendations that provide a foundation for Russia's future participation in international education. (CFR)
- Published
- 1993
44. Japanese-U.S. Economic Relations: Perceptions and Reality.
- Author
-
Ellington, Lucien
- Abstract
Suggests which perceptions and realities of the complex economic relationship between the United States and Japan are most important. Questions the use of opinion surveys to understand perceptions of U.S. and Japanese citizens about the economic relationship. Discusses characteristics of each nation's economy that inhibit successful economic relations. (DK)
- Published
- 1991
45. Myths and Realities of U.S. Competitiveness.
- Author
-
Krugman, Paul A.
- Abstract
Offers a clarification of competitiveness within international trade, particularly its impact upon the mix of goods produced in the United States. Dispels some of the myths about competitiveness that emanate from the false correlation between specific businesses and their country-of-origin. Discusses high productivity as both a cause and an effect of international competition. (13 references) (JJK)
- Published
- 1991
46. The new dynamics of Japan's Official Development Assistance in an era of great power competition.
- Author
-
Shiga, Hiroaki
- Subjects
GREAT powers (International relations) ,INTERNATIONAL economic assistance ,RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- ,DEVELOPING countries ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,NATIONAL security ,SENDAI Earthquake, Japan, 2011 - Abstract
Escalation of great power rivalry resulting from China's rise and Russia's invasion of Ukraine has prompted Japan to align its foreign and security policies more closely. This paper analyzes how ODA policy, which the Japanese government regards as a crucial diplomatic instrument, has been modified in the face of these changes. The most significant transformation is the securitization of ODA, or the deployment of ODA to advance Japan's national security interests. This trend is evident in the emergence of a new type of ODA that aims to contribute to Japan's security interests by strengthening the deterrence capabilities of developing countries involved in territorial disputes with China. Notably, Japan is justifying this new ODA trend in the name of upholding the universal value of the international rule of law. In other words, Japan is shifting the focus of assistance away from domestic issues of democracy and human rights in each recipient country toward the rule of law in international relations. This is a manifestation of Japan's effort to strike a careful balance between upholding universal values and avoiding the risk of offending incumbent governments in recipient countries with questionable domestic governance records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty and the Chinese residents in Japan—Legal status problem under the 1952 regime.
- Author
-
Tsuruzono, Yuki
- Subjects
PEACE treaties ,STATUS (Law) ,TAIWANESE people ,PEACE negotiations ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
The Sino – Japanese Peace Treaty signed in April 1952 not only set the basic framework for diplomatic relations between China, Japan, and Taiwan until 1972, but was also significant in substantially determining the legal status of Chinese residents in Japan during the same period. Subsequently, this paper analyzes both the legislative process in Japan leading up to the Sino – Japanese Peace Treaty and the process of diplomatic negotiations between Japan and China and identifies the following points. In the process of legislating the Immigration Control Ordinance, the Japanese government, while recognizing that Chinese mainlanders in Japan were Chinese nationals, considered them to be outside the legal jurisdiction of the Republic of China (R.O.C.) government, and while recognizing the jurisdiction of the R.O.C. government over Formosans in Japan to a certain extent, interpreted "the ultimate nationality of Taiwanese people has not been determined" from the standpoint that the legal status of Taiwan was undetermined. The R.O.C. government was forced to accept the Japanese government's treatment regarding the legal status of Chinese residents in Japan because it was unable to have its sovereignty over Taiwan and the Penghu Islands clearly stated in the articles of the Sino – Japanese Peace Treaty out of consideration for the United States, which acted as an intermediary in the negotiations of the treaty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. 旧陸軍接収文書の返還状況について-陸軍省大日記類を中心に-.
- Author
-
石本理彩
- Subjects
MILITARY requisitions ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,WAR reparations - Abstract
Copyright of Records Management: Journal of the Records Management Society of Japan is the property of Records Management Society of Japan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
49. Consensus building revisited: lessons from a Japanese experience.
- Author
-
Seigel, Michael T.
- Subjects
SUMMATION (Law) ,CONSENSUS (Social sciences) ,DECISION making ,STAKEHOLDERS ,GUIDELINES - Abstract
This paper is a summation of material drawn from 18 papers written by Professor Toshio Kuwako of the Tokyo Institute of Technology. The purpose of the paper is to present an overview of Kuwako's approach to consensus building and make it available to the English-speaking world. The papers written by Professor Kuwako are largely experiential accounts with reflection on and analysis of that experience. The organization given to the present paper is that of the present writer. Given that doubts are sometimes raised about consensus building in regard to intractable issues where no agreement seems possible, and that it is precisely these kinds of issues that are the focus of Kuwako's work, his contribution would seem important. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Japan-Southeast Asia Relations Amid US-China Competition in East Asia.
- Author
-
SINGH, Bhubhindar
- Subjects
CHINA-United States relations ,BALANCE of power ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,STRATEGIC sourcing - Abstract
Japan has emerged as a critical strategic actor in East Asia amidst intensifying US-China structural competition since 2010. Southeast Asia/ASEAN is an important dimension of Japan's foreign policy expansion. This paper argues that Japan's foreign policy is driven by the aim of becoming an alternative source of strategic stability in Southeast Asia/ASEAN as opposed to the United States and China. This is explained by analysing Japan's foreign policy in regional balance of power and ASEAN-led multilateralism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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