Search

Mental health issues regarding pediatric persons with liver disease are discussed in this review. Considerable research has been accomplished with respect to liver transplantation that includes the key issue of medical adherence; considerations in this regard include psychological factors influencing adherence, identifying barriers to adherence, interventions to improve adherence, transition of care and adherence, measuring medical adherence, and the importance of pre-operative psychological screening. Issues of post-operative neuropsychological outcomes and hepatic encephalopathy are also reviewed. Cognitive dysfunction in those with liver disease and liver transplantation is also considered as well as such concerns as medical trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder. Finally, mental health issues are also presented regarding children with Wilson's disease and hepatitis C virus infection as well as metabolic sideeffects of psychotropic medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Worldwide use of illicit drugs is increasing, and substance use disorders (SUDs) have become a significant mental health problem in the West. Although the majority of young people do not use illicit drugs and of those who do use illicit substances, only a minority will develop serious problems; however, substance misuse can still be damaging to the developing brain. Continued use of illicit drugs can trigger or exacerbate developmental problems, particularly in those who are at risk or have a pre-existing developmental, physical or mental health conditions. The increased recognition of SUDs, its changing patterns, the impairment it causes and its cost to the society has promoted the interest to evaluate the effectiveness of available treatments. During the last thirty years, numerous pharmacological as well as psychosocial treatments have been developed and validated. Pharmacological treatments usually target withdrawal symptoms while psychosocial treatments are directed at drug use behaviors in general. There is a significant and growing evidence in support of psychosocial therapies on its own as well as in combination with pharmacological treatments for SUDs. In this discussion, we have described the various psychosocial treatments as well as reviewed the available evidence for such treatments and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health issues regarding pediatric persons with liver disease are discussed in this review. Considerable research has been accomplished with respect to liver transplantation that includes the key issue of medical adherence; considerations in this regard include psychological factors influencing adherence, identifying barriers to adherence, interventions to improve adherence, transition of care and adherence, measuring medical adherence, and the importance of pre-operative psychological screening. Issues of post-operative neuropsychological outcomes and hepatic encephalopathy are also reviewed. Cognitive dysfunction in those with liver disease and liver transplantation is also considered as well as such concerns as medical trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder. Finally, mental health issues are also presented regarding children with Wilson's disease and hepatitis C virus infection as well as metabolic side-effects of psychotropic medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health issues of persons with renal disease are considered in this discussion and include factors seen in renal transplantation, dialysis, and end-stage renal disease. The potential negative impact on the pediatric patient and the family can be considerable. Psychopharmacological considerations are reviewed that are unique to those with chronic renal disease. Problems of treatment adherence and barriers to non-adherence are also considered. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the mental health impacts that may arise in their patients with chronic renal disease and seek to address them to optimize the overall outcomes for the patient and family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on mental health issues in pediatric persons with cardiovascular disorders. Research notes that chronic diseases, including cardiovascular illness, may lead to the development of mental health conditions, which have a negative social and academic impact on the lives of pediatric persons. Though more research is needed, clinicians need to be aware of these issues so that they can intervene promptly to improve the quality of life of these patients and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To unpack the relationship between employees' job insecurity and their timely completion of work tasks, this study proposes a mediating role of beliefs about work‐induced mental health deprivation and a moderating role of religious faith. Three‐wave survey data from Pakistan‐based workers and supervisors in the banking industry indicate a critical reason that an unstable job situation diminishes the chances that employees finish work activities on time: their convictions that the employer compromises their mental health. Religious faith mitigates this harmful effect, through diminished work‐induced mental health deprivation, such that the impact on work activities is weaker among employees who can draw from their religious beliefs. For human resource managers, this study highlights a salient risk for employees who worry about their future in the organization and make the situation worse by failing to meet deadlines; it also reveals some options to mitigate this risk by leveraging employees' pertinent personal resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Objective: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused widespread psychological distress. The aims of the study were a) to assess mental health symptoms experienced by expatriate hospital staff and b) to determine the impact of staff wellbeing interventions specific to pandemic related stress. Methods: The study was conducted from June 2020 until August 2020. A 16-question survey was disseminated online via Survey Monkey to assess the mental health needs of hospital staff during the pandemic. Based on results, a virtual, tiered mental health support model was developed, and staff feedback was collected. Results: Almost 46.2% of respondents (N: 1001) reported at least one mental health symptom in the initial survey. The most common symptoms were anxiety, low mood and feelings of isolation. Being single and in poor health status were predictors of developing mental health symptoms (P <0.01). Female gender was a predictor for experiencing fear of getting infected. Time constraints at work was the most common reason for not accessing mental health support. Conclusions: As in other parts of the world, hospital staff in Qatar experienced mental health symptoms and significant fear related to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Being single and in poor health status were risk factors. Mental health interventions at work must take into account time constraints experienced by staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnancy can be a colossal change for some women, with the commencement of motherhood possibly generating emotional health problems, including peripartum depression (PPD). PPD significantly affects the parent-child relationship, which is the foundation for the socioemotional development of the child. In this article, we reviewed the association between PPD and resilience, and identified their mediators and moderators. Eight studies were included after a rigorous screening process. There was a significant relationship between PPD and childhood resiliency, resulting in an increased risk of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Maternal sensitivity and emotional availability were possible mediators. Maternal education, income level, maternal trauma, life adversities, marital conflicts, and perceived social support were reported moderators. This article highlights the need for timely recognition and treatment of PPD with targeted interventions to improve the parent-child relationship. [Psychiatr Ann. 2021;51(7):322–330.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health issues regarding pediatric persons with liver disease are discussed. Considerable research has been accomplished with respect to liver transplantation that includes the key issue of medical adherence; considerations in this regard include psychological factors influencing adherence, identifying barriers to adherence, interventions to improve adherence, transition of care and adherence, measuring medical adherence, and the importance of preoperative psychological screening. Issues of post-operative neuropsychological outcomes and hepatic encephalopathy are also reviewed. Cognitive dysfunction in those with liver disease and liver transplantation is also considered as well as such concerns as medical trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder. Finally, mental health issues are also presented regarding children with Wilson's disease and hepatitis C virus infection as well as metabolic side-effects of psychotropic medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on mental health issues in pediatric persons with cardiovascular disorders. Research notes that chronic diseases, including cardiovascular illness, may lead to the development of mental health conditions, which have a negative social and academic impact on the lives of pediatric persons. Though more research is needed, clinicians need to be aware of these issues so that they can intervene in a timely manner to improve the quality of life of these patients and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health is a key component of health, yet appropriate care is limited. Evidence concerning child and adolescent mental health has predominantly come from western countries, while the Middle East region, with a large youth population, has reported very little on it. This original, cross-sectional study of child and adolescent psychiatry in the Middle East provides an assessment of current postgraduate programs, services and what is needed to build workforce capacity. Academic psychiatrists from 16 Middle East countries were invited to form a Consortium to map current postgraduate training as one of the determinants of available child and adolescent psychiatry services, identify gaps in the distribution of child and adolescent psychiatrists, and propose potential steps to improve access to child and adolescent mental health care. The study collected data from 15 of the 16 countries invited (no data provided from Yemen). The study revealed underdeveloped child and adolescent psychiatry academic systems throughout the region. Despite recognition of the specialty in a majority of the countries (11/15), only six countries had established a designated child and adolescent psychiatry training program. The overall shortage of child and adolescent mental health specialists varied, yet all Consortium members reported a need for additional child and adolescent psychiatry specialists and allied professionals. Lack of child and adolescent psychiatry specialized programs in place throughout the region has evidently contributed to the shortage of qualified child and adolescent mental health workforce in the Middle East. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Mental health disorders are the leading cause of disability globally. • Mental health stigma occurs at three levels- individual, society and health systems. • Stigma challenges the management of mental illnesses and comorbid chronic diseases. • Stigma reduction needs improved policies, education, healthcare capacity and access. Mental health disorders are a burgeoning global public health challenge, and disproportionately affect the poor. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear 80 % of the mental health disease burden. Stigma associated with mental health results in delayed help seeking, reduced access to health services, suboptimal treatment, poor outcomes and an increased risk of individuals' human rights violations. Moreover, widespread co-occurrence of physical comorbidities such as noncommunicable diseases with mental health disorders makes the treatment of both conditions challenging and worsens prognosis. This paper explores various aspects of stigma towards mental health with a focus on LMICs and assesses measures to increase help-seeking and access to and uptake of mental health services. Stigma impacts persons living with mental illness, their families and caregivers and healthcare professionals (mental health professionals, non-psychiatric specialists and general practitioners) imparting mental health care. Cultural, socio-economic and religious factors determine various aspects of mental health in LMICs, ranging from perceptions of health and illness, health seeking behavior, attitudes of the individuals and health practitioners and mental health systems. Addressing stigma requires comprehensive and inclusive mental health policies and legislations; sustainable and culturally-adapted awareness programs; capacity building of mental health workforce through task-shifting and interprofessional approaches; and improved access to mental health services by integration with primary healthcare and utilizing existing pathways of care. Future strategies targeting stigma reduction must consider the enormous physical comorbidity burden associated with mental health, prioritize workplace interventions and importantly, address the deterioration of population mental health from the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Self-stigma can become a massive obstacle in the way of seeking professional help and treatment. • Widespread presence of self-stigmatization was found in children with psychiatric illnesses in Lahore, Pakistan. • Parents also felt their children rejection by others due to their mental health difficulties. • Children with emotional/ behavioral difficulties felt more self-stigmatization compared to children with neurodevelopmental problems. Self-stigma has a negative impact on the lives of children with mental health illnesses. It is a massive obstacle in the way of seeking professional help and poses a challenge to clinician's efforts to timely intervene and provide treatment. The aim of our study was to measure the stigma associated with mental illness in children with a variety of psychiatric diagnoses. Following Institutional Review Board approval, an interviewer-based questionnaire was administered to children (aged 8–12 years), receiving treatment in Child Psychiatry Department at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. The questionnaire comprised of Demographic Information Form and Paediatric Self-Stigmatization Scale (PaedS). In addition, parent / caregiver also completed a modified sub scale of the PaedS measuring the children's rejection by others due to their mental health difficulties. 110 children with various psychiatric problems, were interviewed with a mean age of 10 years + 1.7. Widespread presence of self-stigmatization was found in these children with particularly high scores for the scales of Societal Devaluation (2.6 + 0.54), Secrecy (2.85 + 0.59) and Self stigma (2.7 + 0.70). Almost two third of parents also answered in affirmative to statements about their children rejection by others due to their mental health difficulties. Children with emotional/ behavioral difficulties had statistically significant scores on secrecy and personal rejection subscales (P value<.05). Significant self-stigmatization amongst the children diagnosed with mental health illnesses in Lahore, Pakistan emphasize negative societal attitudes, which need to be addressed effectively in a timely manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE To assess quality of sleep and associated health issues in psychiatric patients. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional design. PLACE AND DURATION OF THE STUDY The study was conducted in the department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, D.H.Q Hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan over the period of six months. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Through purposive consecutive sampling, 108 psychiatric patients participated in the study. Data were collected on Demographic variable Performa and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. RESULTS Results demonstrated that more than half of the sample was females and married. One sample t-test confirmed thai majority of sample had poor quality of sleep (M = 11.57, SD = 4.14), t (107) = 13.89, p - 0.00. Further Analysis of Variance showed that psychiatric patients with lung disease and obesity had poor quality of sleep, similarly negative correlation was found between pain andquality of sleep. CONCLUSION Research findings concluded that most of the psychiatric patients were females suffering from different types of physical health issues and had poor quality of sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]