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Start Over Topic needs assessment Publication Year Range Last 50 years
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1. Community-Based Needs Assessment of Neurodevelopment, Caregiver, and Home Environment Factors in Young Children Affected by HIV in Lima, Peru.

Author

Muñoz M, Nelson A, Johnson M, Godoy N, Serrano E, Chagua E, Valdivia J, Santacruz J, Wong M, Kolevic L, Kammerer B, Vega C, Vibbert M, Lundy S, and Shin S

Subjects
Caregivers, Child, Preschool, Community Health Workers, Humans, Infant, Prospective Studies, Residence Characteristics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Child Development, HIV Infections epidemiology, HIV Infections therapy, Needs Assessment, Public Health
Abstract

Background: In many resource-poor settings such as Peru, children affected by HIV have a high prevalence of neurodevelopmental delays (NDDs) and remain excluded from adequate treatment., Methods: Community health workers (CHWs) administered NDD screening instruments to assess child development and associated caregiver and household factors in 14 HIV-affected parent-child dyads. Focus group discussion with caregivers was conducted to explore their needs and behaviors around early child stimulation and to assess their perceptions of the screening experience., Results: Over 70% of the children had abnormal classification in at least 1 (out of 5) developmental domains according to Ages and States Questionnaire-provided cutoff scores. Caregiver depression and stress were associated with abnormal development as were some parenting behavior factors. Knowledge about child development was low. Caregivers felt testing and discussing results with a CHW were very insightful. Reported caregiver behavior differed between caregivers with HIV-infected children and those with uninfected children., Conclusion: Taken together, these exploratory quantitative data suggest that parenting behaviors associated with low child development scores may be modifiable and that community-based testing is well received and informative to these HIV-infected caregivers.

Published
2017
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2. The Alchemy of 'Costing Out' an Adequate Education

Author

University of Arkansas, Education Working Paper Archive and Hanushek, Eric A.

Abstract

In response to the rapid rise in court cases related to the adequacy of school funding, a variety of alternative methods have been developed to provide an analytical base about the necessary expenditure on schools. These approaches have been titled to give an aura of a thoughtful and solid scientific basis: the professional judgment model, the state-of-the-art approach, the successful schools method, and the cost function approach. Unfortunately, none can provide a reliable and unbiased answer to the question "how much do adequate schools cost?" Each is highly manipulable, generally satisfying the interested party commissioning the work to be done but not meeting the fundamental tenets of scientific inquiry. This paper reviews and critiques the methodology as applied in a substantial number of states. (Contains 43 endnotes.)

Published
2006

3. An ESL Motivations Assessment for a Community-Based ESL Programme.

Author

Paper, Li Chuang

Abstract

A survey assessed the motivations of Chinese adults learning (N=512), living in Canada, English as a Second Language. Results revealed such motives as linguistic needs, basic skills, cultural awareness, social interaction, and resume-writing but found no differences in perceived motivation according to age, education level, or length of stay in Canada. (Author/CB)

Published
1990

4. An ESL Motivations Assessment for a Community-Based ESL Program

Author

Li Chuang Paper

Subjects
Basic skills, Medical education, Vocabulary, Reading (process), media_common.quotation_subject, Pedagogy, Needs assessment, Active listening, Pronunciation, Everyday life, Psychology, Cultural competence, media_common
Abstract

This paper concerns an ESL motivations assessment of adult Chinese learners at Chinese Information and Community Services (CICS). 512 ESL learners participated in the survey. The findings of the survey are as follows: (I) The motives of adult Chinese immigrants attending ESL classes include linguistic needs, basic skills, cultural awareness, social interaction, and writing resumes. (2) There are no significant differences in perceived motivations according to age, education level, and length of stay in Canada; however, there are slight differences among a few indicators. (3) The implications to ESL teaching are that a) teaching objectives at the CICS of Metropolitan Toronto should include both the teaching of English and Canadian culture; b) the teaching of English should focus on language needed for conducting everyday life and social interaction; c) all four language skills (speaking, listening, reading, and writing) should be taught at the same time with more emphasis on the first three skills; d) pronunciation and vocabulary teaching is also necessary.

Published
1990